高级英语MiddleEasternBazaar的资料

高级英语MiddleEasternBazaar的资料第1页/共60页1.MiddleEast:SouthwestAsiaandNortheastAfrica,includingtheNearEastandIranandAfghanistan.第2页/共60页FromAfghanistantoEgypt,includingtheArabianPeninsula,Cyprus塞浦路斯（地中海东部一岛）,andAsiaticTurkey第3页/共60页第4页/共60页EconomyAbundantOilResourcesShortageOfWaterResourcesPeculiarCorps---DatePalm枣椰Bazzar第5页/共60页AbundantOilResourcesTheMiddleEasthastherichestoil,especiallyPersiangulfwhereoilisratherabundant.Themainoil-producingcountriesintheMiddleEast,suchasSaudiArabia,KuwaitandtheunitedArabemirates阿拉伯联合酋长国

,becomerichcountriesfromoilexports.第6页/共60页第7页/共60页INthemiddleeast,theshortageofwaterresourcehasbeenaseriousproblem,andwaterisfarmoreexpensivethanoil.第8页/共60页InSaudiArabia,aliterofgasoline汽油prices$0.12andaliterofbottledwaterpriceofabout$0.40inEgypt,aliter升ofpetrolpricerises90or$0.33,andaliterofwaterpriceforabout$0.34.第9页/共60页ThedatepalmisthetraditionalcropintheArabareas.Arabcountriesown70%productionoftheworld’sdatepalm,amongwhichIraq'sdatepalmproductionisonthetopoftheworld.第10页/共60页AccordingtothestatisticsfromUK,thereare100,000,000Datepalm,whileinArabiccountries,thereare70,000,000datepalm.第11页/共60页TheMiddleEasternbazzar第12页/共60页TheMiddleEasternbazzarwasfoundedinthe15thcentury,whichhadbeenlastforhundredsofyears.Withthedevelopmentofhundredsofyears,itcoversanareaof300,000squaremeters.

第13页/共60页第14页/共60页Islamism伊斯兰教DevelopmentofIslamismMainworkandreligiousdoctrineArchitecturalstyleClothingcharacteristicImportantfestival第15页/共60页BackgroundDuringthe6to7century,theArabianpeninsulahadn’tbuiltaunifiednation,mostofthembelongedtodifferenttribesandtheyjustbelievedintheirownnaturegods,theireconomygotworseatthebeginningof7century,andatthesametimetherewerealwayswarsbetweentribes.Itwasnecessaryfortheresidentstobuiltaunitednationtogetridofthesituation.Insuchcircumstances,Islamismwasfounded.Founder:MohammedMeaningofIslam:ThewordIslamisArabiclanguage,whichmeansobedience.PeoplewhobelieveinMuslam穆斯林

arecalledMoslem,thefollowers.第16页/共60页theKoran第17页/共60页DoctrineofIslamism

Basiccreed:ThereisnogodbutAllah,andMuhammadisthemessengerofAllah!MuslinsbelieveinAllah,HisAngel,HisScriptures,HisMessengers,theLastDay,thePredestination宿命andResurrection复活.Muslinspurifytheirmindbycleaningfivetimesonedaytostrengthentheirbeliefs.

第18页/共60页MuslimCultureROLESOFMENANDWOMEN1)Wivesareconsideredthesexualpropertyoftheirhusbands.2)Muslimwivesaretobetotallydependentandobedienttotheirhusbands.3)Mencandivorceandremarrythesamewomenmanytimes.4)Mencanmarryuptofourwomeniftheycansupportthemcurrently.5)ChildbearingMuslimwomenshouldbefullycoveredinpublic.6)Onlyoldwomencangooutinpublicwithoutbeingfullycovered.第19页/共60页MUSLIMFORBIDDENFOODS1)FaithfulMuslimscannoteatbaconorsausageforbreakfastinthenameofJesusChrist.2)FaithfulMuslimscannoteatahamsandwichforlunchinthenameofJesusChrist.3)FaithfulMuslimscannoteatporkchopsfordinnerinthenameofJesusChrist.4)FaithfulMuslimswillstarveunlessthefoodisblessedinthenameofAllahonly.第20页/共60页ArchitecturalstyleTheroofofthebuildingsareoftenroundorcone圆锥形

,whichgettheideasfromthekoran.Thesebuildingsaresolemnbutnotunchangeable;theyaregrandiose宏伟

butnotunrefined粗俗

.第21页/共60页IslamismhasagreatimpactontheArchitecturalstyleofmiddleeast,andmanybuildingsarewithvaultedroofs.第22页/共60页ClothingcharacteristicMenofmiddleeastalwayswearwhitegowns长袍，andveiledwomenwearblackgowns.AllthesephenomenonareaffectedbyIslamism.Butnowtheyarefree.第23页/共60页Ramadan伊斯兰斋月,Muslimmonthoffasting节制饮食,istheninthmonthislamiccalendarUsually,Ramadanlastsfor29daysor30days.Thisyear’sRamadanbeganfromAugust11thtoSeptember10th第24页/共60页MostdedicatetheirtimeduringtheholymonthtobecomeclosertoAllahthroughself-restraint,gooddeedsandprayer.第25页/共60页DuringtheholymonthofRamadan,Muslimswillbeonboardtheconceptofminaret清真寺的尖塔

building,decidedtobreaktheirfasttimeforLent斋期

第26页/共60页Bazaar:(inOrientalcountries)amarketorstreetofshopsandstandswhereavarietyofgoodsissold.第27页/共60页第28页/共60页Noway-outtoavoidatrafficjamnearUrduBazaar.第29页/共60页veiledwomen第30页/共60页Gothic-arched:astyleofarchitectureoriginatedinN.Francein11thcentury,characterizedbypointedarches,ribbed有棱纹的

vaulting拱形圆顶,steep,highroofsetc.Goth:oneoftheGermantribes(哥特部落）

arch拱门

:acurvedtopsometimeswithacentralpointrestingon2supportsasaboveadoor.第31页/共60页第32页/共60页Copper-Smith’market第33页/共60页acopper-smith’sstore第34页/共60页abellows:aninstrumentforblowingairintoafiretomakeitburnquickly

第35页/共60页abellows第36页/共60页Carpet–market,Spice-market

Food–market,Dye-market

Pottery–market,Carpenters’market第37页/共60页第38页/共60页第39页/共60页Mosque

Mosque—aMoslemtempleorplaceofworship.AmosqueissymbolicallyveryimportanttoMuslims,andisahumblewayformantorecreatepuredivinepresenceonearth.第40页/共60页Mosque第41页/共60页caravanseraiAninnwithalargecentralcourtyardwherecaravans(groupofpeople/merchantstravelingacrossthedeserttogether)canstayforthenight第42页/共60页caravanseraientrance第43页/共60页Camels—‘shipsofthedesert’.—‘shipsofthedesert’.Thefirst,knownasanArabian,ordromedary单峰骆驼

,camel,hasasinglehumponitsback.Theother,knownasaBactriancamel,hastwohumps.第44页/共60页Camels—‘shipsofthedesert’.第45页/共60页第46页/共60页Figureofspeech:(修辞格）historicalpresent

历史现在时一种特定的修辞手法，使用这种时态是为了使所描写事件显得更为生动、形象、逼真。Eg:TheMiddleEasternbazaartakesyoubackhundreds----eventhousandsofyears.（动词的一般现在时）contrast

作比较形成悬殊的差别Eg:1).Youpassfromtheheatandglareofabig,opensquareintoacool,darkcavernwhichextendsasfarastheeyecansee…第47页/共60页Simile（明喻）:Asimilemakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikethingshavingatleastonequalityorcharacteristicincommon.Thetwothingscomparedmustbedissimilarandthebasisofresemblanceisusuallyanabstractquality.Thevehicleisalmostalwaysintroducedbytheword“like”or“as”.

１．Self-criticismisasnecessarytousasairor

water.

２．Thewaterlaygreyandwrinkledlikean

elephant‘sskin.

３．Thebuswentasslowlyasasnail.

Simile:avastsombrecavernofaroom第48页/共60页Metaphor:暗喻Ametaphor,likeasimile,alsomakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikethings,butthecomparisonisimpliedratherthanstated.Somesayitthesubstitutionofonethingforanother,ortheidentificationoftwothingsfromdifferentrangesofthought.Contrarytoasimileinwhichtheresemblancebetweentwounlikethingsisclearlystated,inametaphornothingismentioned.Itisoftenlooselydefinedas"animpliedcomparison","asimilewithout'like'or'as'".第49页/共60页Metaphorisconsideredthemostimportantandbasicpoeticfigureandalsothecommonest，themostbeautiful.

1.Snowclothestheground.

2.Thetownwasstormedafteralongsiege.

3.Boysandgirls,tumbling翻筋斗

inthestreetsandplaying,weremovingjewels.

Metaphor:

darkcavern,fairyland,maze,honeycomb,etc

formacloselyknitguild...

第50页/共60页Personification:afigurethatendowsobjects,animals,ideas,orabstractionswithhumanform,character,orsensibility,TheMiddleEasterbazaartakesyou...dancingflashesThebeamsinks…tautandprotesting第51页/共60页Hyperbole:adeviceofcomparisonusingexaggerationorobviousoverstatementforcomicordramaticeffect.takesyou...hundredseventhousandsofyearseveryconceivableinnumerablelampsincrediblyyoungwiththedustofcenturies:第52页/共60页Onomatopoeia:wordsimitatingthesoundsassociatedwiththethingconcerned

creak:(tomake)thesoundofabadly-oileddoorwhenitopensWhenyoumoveinawoodenbed,itcreaks.Thehingeofthedoorneedsoiling,itcreakseverytimeitisopened.第53页/共60页squeak:(tomake)ashortveryhighbutnotloudsoundthesqueak

ofamouserumble:(tomake)adeepcontinuousrollingsoundThethunder/thebiggunsrumbled

inthedistance.Iamhungry,mystomachisrumbling.第54页/共60页grunt:(ofcertainanimals,tomake)shortdeeproughsoundsinthethroat,asifthenosewereclosed,suchasthedeepshortsoundcharacteristicofahog,oramanmakingasimilarsoundexpressingdisagreement,boredom,irritationsigh:(toletout)adeepbreathslowlyandwithasound,usu.expressingtiredness,sad