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Chapter9CommunicationsandNetworks9-2Competencies

(Page1of2)Discussconnectivity,thewirelessrevolution,andcommunicationsystemsDescribephysicalandwirelesscommunicationschannelsDiscussconnectiondevices,includingmodems,T1,DSL,cablemodem,satellite,andcellularconnectionsDescribedatatransmissionfactors,includingbandwidthsandprotocolsPage2469-3Competencies

(Page2of2)Discussnetworksandkeynetworkterminologies.Describedifferenttypesofnetworks,includinglocalarea,metropolitanarea,andwideareanetworks.Describenetworkarchitectures,includingconfigurationsandstrategies.DescribeorganizationalusesofInternettechnologies,includingintranets,extranets,andfirewalls.Page2469-4IntroductionCellphonesandotherwirelesstechnologiesareallowingustostayconnectedintoday’sworldlikeneverbefore.Increasedconnectivitypotentiallymeansincreasedproductivityespeciallyinthebusinessworld.Youwilllearnmoreabouttheconceptofconnectivityandtheimpactofthewirelessrevolutioninthischapter.Page2479-5CommunicationsTheprocessofsharingdata,programs,andinformationbetweentwoormorecomputersPage2489-6CommunicationsTodayNumerousapplicationsdependoncommunicationsystems—E-mail,Instantmessaging(IM),Internettelephone,andElectroniccommerceConnectivityusescomputernetworkstolinkpeopleandresourcesGoingwirelesshasbeenthemostdramaticchangePage2489-7CommunicationSystemsFourbasicelementsSendingandreceivingdevicesCommunicationchannelConnectiondevicesDatatransmissionspecificationsPage2499-8CommunicationChannelsChannelscarrydatafromonecomputertoanotherTwocategoriesofcommunicationchannelsPhysicalconnectionWirelessconnectionPage2509-9PhysicalConnectionsTelephonelines (Twistedpaircables)

Coaxialcable

Fiber-opticcablePage250Return9-10WirelessConnections

InfraredBroadcastradioWi-FI

(wirelessfidelity)

802.11MicrowaveStationsBluetoothSatelliteGPSPage252MicrowavedishGPSSatellite9-11CommunicationChannelsSummaryPage2539-12ConnectionDeviceSignalsTypesofsignalsAnalogDigitalPage2539-13ConnectionDeviceTypesandTransferSpeedsTypesofmodemsExternalInternalPCCardWirelessPage253TransferSpeeds9-14ConnectionServiceDial-UpservicesLeasedlines–T1,T2,T3andT4Digitalsubscriberline(DSL)UsesexistingphonelinesOnetypewidelyusedisADSLCablemodemsUsesexistingTVcableProvidesspeedsasfastasDSLatalowercostSatellite/airconnectionservices

Seventimesfasterthandial-upSlowerthanDSL&cablemodemCellularServicesAlternativeformobiledevicesandlaptopsCurrentserviceareaslimitedPage2549-15TypicalUserConnectionCosts&SpeedsPage2559-16BandwidthMeasurementofthecapacityofthechannelCategoriesVoicebandalsoknownaslowbandwidthMediumband

BroadbandUsedforhighcapacitytransmissionUsedbyDSL,cable,andsatellitePage2559-17ProtocolsSetofcommunicationrulesStandardforInternet:TCP/IP(Transmissioncontrol

protocol/Internetprotocol)IdentificationReformattingPage2569-18NetworksAcomputernetworkisacommunicationsystemConnectstwoormorecomputersAllowsinformationexchangePage2579-19ComputerNetworksCommonnetworktermsNodeClientServerHubNetworkinterface

cards(NIC)Networkoperatingsystem(NOS)DistributedprocessingHostcomputerNetworkadministratorPage257ComputerNetworksConnectComputers9-20NetworkTypesLocalareanetworksHomenetworksWLANMetropolitanareanetworksWideareanetworksPage259LAN9-21NetworkArchitectureArchitecturedescribeshowanetworkisarrangedArrangementiscalledtopologyTypesofnetworktopologyStarBusRingHierarchicalPage2619-22StarNetworkSmallercomputerslinkedtoacentralunitCentralunitiscalledthenetworkhubControlismaintainedbypollingPage251Return9-23BusNetworkEachdevicehandlesitsowncommunicationcontrolThereisnohostcomputerHasacommonconnectingcablecalledabackbonePage264Return9-24RingNetworkEachdeviceisconnectedtotwootherdevicesNocentralfileserverorcomputerUsefulinadecentralizedenvironmentPage264Return9-25HierarchicalNetworkSeveralcomputerslinkedtoacentralhostComputersarehoststoothercomputersUsefulincentralizedorganizationsPage2649-26PrincipalNetworkConfigurationsPage2659-27StrategiesStrategyisawayofcoordinatingthesharingofinformationandresourcesCommonnetworkstrategiesTerminalClient/serverPeer-to-peerPage2559-28OrganizationalInternetsIntranetsPrivatenetworkwithinanorganizationProvidesinformationtoemployeesExtranetsPrivatenetworkthatconnectsorganizationsUsedtoallowsuppliersandothersaccessFirewallsSecuritysystemProtectsagainstexternalthreatsPage2689-29CareersInITNetworkAdministratorManageacompany’sLANandWANnetworksMaintainhardwareandsoftwareDiagnoseandrepairproblemsCandidatesusuallyhaveabachelor’sdegreeincomputerscienceandpracticalexperienceAnnualsalaryistypicallybetween$43,000and$68,000Page2709-30ALooktotheFuture

CarsthatMon

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