2022-2023学年江西省抚州市高三上学期10月英语模拟检测试题有答案

抚州市2022-2023学年高三上学期英语模拟检测试题第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A[2022·昆明市“三诊一模”高考模拟]Sugarhasbeenlinkedtoseriousdiseaseslikeheartdisease,diabetesandevencancer,whichiswhyit'svitaltocutdownonfoodsanddrinksthatarehighinsugar.Takealookatthedrinksthatcontainasurprisingamountofhiddensugarsandwhatyoushouldbeeatinginstead.FruitjuicesWhilefruitjuicescancontainsomeimportantvitaminsandminerals,theyaretypicallyfullofsugar.Unfortunately,thefiberthatfruitnaturallycontainsandthathelpsthebodykeepbloodsugarstablehasalsobeenremoved.Tokeepbloodsugarlevelsfromrisingsharply,choosetoeatwholefruitswheneverajuicedesirecomesalong.SportsdrinksSportsdrinksmightseemliketheperfectchoiceforhydrationwhileexercising,buttheycontainahighamountofaddedsugarsastheyweredesignedforathletesduringfierceandlongperiodsofactivity.Theonlypeoplewhoactuallybenefitfromsportsdrinksareprofessionalathletesormarathoners.Unlessthat'syou,juststicktoplainwater.FlavoredcoffeesFlavoredcoffeesaredelicious,buttheycontainhiddensugarsastheyoftenrelyonartificialsyrups(糖浆)forflavoring.Alargeflavoredcoffeeatsomecoffeechainshasupto25teaspoonsofsugar.Youcanstillenjoyyourmorningcupofcoffee.Juststicktounflavoredandunsweetenedversionsandavoidcreamershighinsugar.IcedteasIcedteascanbeextremelyrefreshingonahotday,butthey'retypicallyover­sweetenedwithsugarorsyrups.Somebrandsoficedteasactuallycontainasurprising33gramsofsugarina355­milliliterserving.So,lookforicedteaswithoutanyaddedsugarormakeyourownathomesoyoucansavemoneyandcontrolwhatgoesintoit.1．Howdofruitjuicesbenefitpeople?A．Theyprovidenecessaryminerals.B．Theyrefuelpeopleduringsports.C．Theyenergizepeopleinthemorning.D．Theyrefreshpeopleonhotdays.2．Whatarecommonpeopleadvisedtohavewhileexercising?A．Fruitjuices.B．Flavoredcoffees.C．Naturalwater.D．Icedteas.3．What'sthepurposeofthetext?A．Tointroducefournutritiousdrinks.B．Todiscusstheadvantagesofdrinks.C．Tosharewaystomakedrinksathome.D．Towarnreadersagainsthigh­sugardrinks.B[2022·南京市高三第三次模拟考试]Withtheworld'sattentiononvaccines(疫苗),nowitfeelslikeagoodmomenttosingthepraisesofanoftenforgottencontributortotheirdevelopment.Threehundredyearsagothismonth,LadyMaryWortleyMontagugotherdaughterinoculated(接种)againstsmallpox,makingherchildthefirstpersonintheWesttobeprotectedinthisway.WithoutMontagu'swillingnesstoadoptapracticeshehadlearnedfromothercultures,theintroductionofvaccinesaround80yearslaterwouldneverhavetakenplace.MontagufirstwitnessedinoculationwhensheaccompaniedherhusbandtoTurkey.InoculationhadstartedinAsia,probablyinChina,asearlyasthe10thcenturyAD.MontaguobservedhowolderwomeninTurkeytookatinyamountofpus(脓)fromapersonwithsmallpox.Theythenusedneedlestomakecutsonpeople'swristsandanklesandaddedthepustotheirbloodstream.Thishelpedpeoplegainimmunityfromfutureinfection.Likeothervisitorstothecountry,Montagutookstepstoensurethathersonwasinoculated.Thisworkedwell,butsheknewthattryingitinEnglandwouldbefarmorechallenging.Inoculationperformedbyunlicensedamateurswouldthreatendoctors'professionalstandingandpotentiallyrobthemofvaluableincome.Somepeoplealsodisagreewiththepractice,astheysawitasgoingagainstnature.BackinEngland,Montaguobservedtheincreasedseverityofsmallpoxinfections.Eventually,inApril1721,shedecidedtousetheTurkishpracticetohaveherdaughterinoculated,becauseshebelievedthattherewardswouldoutweightherisks.Afterasafetimehadpassedfollowingtheinoculation,Montagualloweddoctorstoexamineherdaughter.DoctorsinBritaingraduallyacceptedthepractice.About80yearslater,apioneeringphysicianfoundsmallpoxvaccinestodestroysmallpoxcompletely.Asearlyaslastcentury,academicsarguedthatMontaguwasnomorethananenthusiasticamateur.Intruth,shemadeavitalscientificcontributiontowardsfindingthecureforsmallpox.4．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theoriginofsmallpoxinoculation.B．Montagu'sfirstaccesstoinoculation.C．Thebenefitsfromsmallpoxinoculation.D．Turkishwomen'sinventionofinoculation.5．MontagufounditdifficulttotryinoculationinEnglandbecause________．A．itwasagainsthumannatureB．itmightharmdoctors'interestsC．itwasbeyonddoctors'abilitiesD．itmightshakesomepeople'sbelief6．WhatleddoctorsinBritaintoacceptinoculation?A．Theincreasedseverityofsmallpoxinfections.B．Aphysician'sdiscoveryofsmallpoxvaccines.C．TheresultofMontagu'sdaughter'sinoculation.D．Montagu'sfocusonitsrewardsratherthanitsrisks.7．Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A．AnunsungheroB．NolimittocreationC．DevelopmentofvaccinesD．AhistoricmedicalinnovationCLifecontinuallyrequiresthatwewritedownafewwordsofthanks:forholidays,meals,presentsorpeople'splaceinourhearts.However,toooften,ourmessagesendupflatorsomewhatunconvincing.Tomakeourmessagesmoreeffective,wemighttakealessonfromthehistoryofart.Tosomeextent,whatdistinguishesgreatfromcommonartisthelevelofdetailwithwhichtheworldhasbeenstudied.Atalentedartistis,firstandforemost,someonewhotakesusintothespecificsofthereasonswhyanexperienceoraplacefeltvaluable.Theydon'tmerelytellusthatspringis“nice”，theyzero__in__ontheparticularcontributingfactorstothisniceness:leavesthathavethesoftnessofanewborn'shands,thecontrastbetweenawarmsunandasharpbreeze,thesoftcryofbabyblackbirds...Someofthereasonwhygreatartistsarerareisthatourmindsarenotwellsetuptounderstandwhywefeelaswedo.Butwecanbeconfidentifourmindshavebeenaffected,thereasonswhythey'vebeensowillbesomewhere,waitingtobeuncovered.Westandtorealizethatitwasn'tsomuchthatthefoodwas“delicious”，butthatthepotatoesinparticularhadacharmingrosemaryandgarlicflavour.Afriendwasn'tjust“nice”；theybroughtinahugelysensitiveandgeneroustonetoaskuswhatithadbeenlikeforuswhenwesuffered.Thedetailswillbethere,waitingforustocatchthem.Wedon'thavetobegreatartiststosendeffectivethank­younotes.Wejustneedtolocateandholdontightlytotwoorthreehighlydetailedreasonsforourgratitude.8．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A．Weseldomexpressgratitudebywriting.B．Weusuallyfindmessagesofthankstouching.C．Weshouldtakeacourseinmessagewriting.D．Wemaydrawinspirationforthank­yousfromarts.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“zeroinon”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Leaveout.B．Clearup.C．Focuson.D．Holdback.10．HowisParagraph3developed?A．Byclassification.B．Byexample.C．Bydefinition.D．Byprocess.11．Whichwouldtheauthorrecommendtoexpressgratitude?A．Iamblessedtohavesuchawonderfulweek.B．Yourcaringandwarmsmilelightsupmyday.C．Thankyousomuchforyourgreatpresent.DThisisthemostdeliciousdinnerI'veeverhad.D[2022·沈阳市高三教学质量监测(三)]“Spicytomatoescouldsoonbeonthemenuthankstotheriseofgene­editing(基因编辑)technology，”researcherssay.Itisnotthefirsttimethatexpertshaveclaimedthetechniquescouldhelpdevelopfruitwithunusualfeatures:scientistshavealreadybeenlookingatchangingthecolorofkiwifruitandbetteringthetasteofstrawberries.ButresearchersinBrazilandIrelandsaysuchmethodscouldalsoofferpracticaladvantages,withhottomatoesofferinganewwayofharvestingthepungent(辣的)chemicalsfoundinpeppersknownascapsaicinoids(辣椒素),whichmakefoodtaste“hot”．“Capsaicinoidsareveryvaluablecompounds(化合物):theyareusedintheweaponsindustry,theyarealsousedforpainkillers,andtherearesomeresearchesshowingthattheypromoteweightloss，”saidAgustinZsögönfromtheFederalUniversityofVicosainBrazil,aco­authorofanewarticlearguingforthebenefitsofengineeringhottomatoes.WritinginthejournalTrendsinPlantScience,theresearcherssaypeppersaredifficultcropstogrowandlowproductive.Worsestill,itistrickytokeepthepungencyofthefruitsstable.Bycontrast,tomatoproductionishighandtheplantiswell­studied.“Youcouldproducethecapsaicinoidsinamorecost­effectivemanner，”saidZsögön.Tomatoesandpeppersdevelopedfromacommonancestor,butseparatedabout19millionyearsago.“Allthesegenestoproducecapsaicinoidsexistinthetomatoes.Theyarejustnotactive，”saidZsögön.“Usinggene­editingtechnology,itisboundtoswitchthesegenesbackintomatoes,addingakicktothefruit，”hesaid.12．Whyarethetomatoesmadehotbytheresearchers?A．Totestthegene­editingtechnology.B．Toenrichthevarietyofthetomatoes.C．Tomakethetomatoesmoredelicious.D．Toexplorewaystoharvestcapsaicinoids.13．Inwhichofthefollowingsituationscancapsaicinoidsbeusedaccordingtothetext?A．Feelingweightless.B．Lackingsleep.C．Havingaheadache.D．Losingappetite.14．WhatisZsögön'sattitudetothegene­editingtechnology?A．Unacceptable.B．Uncertain.C．Tolerant.D．Confident.15．What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．Anintroductiontogene­editingplants.B．Creatinghottomatoesbygene­editing.C．Problemswithcapsaicinoidproduction.D．Theprocedureofproducingcapsaicinoids.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2022·济南市模拟]Thedictionarydefines“hobby”asanactivitydoneregularlyinone'sleisuretimeforpleasure.Hobbiesareagreatwaytoforgetaboutyourworries.__16__Sothestuffyoudooutsideyourmoney­makingbusinessisimportant.Birdwatchingcouldbeagreathobbyforyou.__17__Theycanincludelisteningforbirdcalls,findingandidentifyingbirdsbysight.Therearebird­watchingclubsifyouwanttomakeitasocialactivity.Ifyouhavekids,it'sanidealhobbytosharewiththem.Childrenenjoybeingabletospotbirdsandcanlearnidentificationsquickly.__18__Workinginthesoilcanbeaparticularlyrewardinghobby.Yougetsomegreatsidebenefitsfromit,likeimprovingthevalueofyourhome,makingyourlivingenvironmentmorepleasantandattractive,andgrowingfoodyoucaneat.Makingbeeriscomplexandvariableenoughtobeinteresting.Thebasicrewardofagoodbottleofbeeriseasytoenjoyandfromthereyoucancreateyourownpersonalvariety.Ifyou'resomeonewholikestoexperiment,thiscouldbeafunhobbyforyou.__19__Takingphotosisaneasierhobbytogetintothanbefore.__20__Nowagooddigitalcamerameansyoucangetintophotographywithlowcostandlowrisk.Startingwiththecameraonyourphonewillgetyouknowledgeableaboutthebasicsofhowlightworks.Youcanalsolearnaboutmorecomplexcamerafeaturesformhow­tovideos.A．Theactivitycombinesseveralsenses.B．Thishobbyhasgrowninpopularityinrecentyears.C．Gardeninginvolvescreativityandtimeoutsideinnature.D．Developingfilmusedtobetime­consumingandexpensive.E．Studieshavelookedathowhobbiesmakeyoubetteratyourjob.F．Plus,you'llalwayshaveagreathomemadegifttogivefriendsandfamily.G．Infact,alotofresearchhaslookedatthestress­reducingpropertiesofhobbies.第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。[2022·云南省第一次高中毕业生统一检测]Everysuperhero,nomatterhowsmall,needsacape(披风).ThatwasRobynRosenberger'smotivationwhenshestarted__21__superherocapesforkidswithcancer,hearttrouble,andotherserious__22__.Itallbeganwhenshewasmakingacapeasa__23__forhernephew.RosenbergerheardofagirlnamedBrennawhowas__24__apotentiallydeadlyskincondition.Anyonegoingthroughwhatshewassufferinghadtobe__25__.“Ihadanimpressivemoment，”Rosenbergersays.“Brennawasasuperhero!She__26__acape.”SoRosenbergersentherone,andBrenna'smotherwas__27__.Rosenbergerfoundtenmorekidsonlineand__28__tenmorecapes.Beforelong,she__29__herjobatasoftwarecompanytodedicateherselffull­timeto.It'sa__30__wherepeoplecanbuyhandmadecapesfor__31__kidsfacingillnessand__32__.Since2013,Rosenbergerandhersmallpaid__33__havesentmorethan12，000handmadecapesto__34__inall50statesand15othercountries.Thecapescomeindifferent__35__，likepink,blue,purple,orredandcanbedecoratedwithspecializedpatches,__36__aheart,arocket,oraredsun.Onerecipientwaseight­month­oldGabe,whowasbornwithacleftpalate(腭裂),whichcauses__37__facialfeatures.RosenbergersenthimaredcapewithabrightyellowGinthecenter.Itwasahit.Gabeisnowafixture(固定人物)onthecompany'ssocialmediaposts.“TheTinySuperheroescommunityhasbeena__38__connectiontohave，”saysGabe'smom,KateGlocke.“__39__，twoyearslater,we__40__bringGabe'scapewithustoeveryhospitalappointment.”21．A.copyingB．sewingC．drawingD．purchasing22．A.diseasesB．symptomsC．incidentsD．signs23．A.symbolB．productC．presentD．tool24．A.researchingB．preventingC．spreadingD．battling25．A.weakB．diligentC．toughD．innocent26．A.designedB．neededC．woreD．made27．A.confusedB．anxiousC．delightedD．disappointed28．A.sentoutB．pickedupC．broughtinD．pulledon29．A.foundB．quitC．refusedD．created30．A.kindergartenB．hospitalC．marketD．website31．A.braveB．honestC．giftedD．selfless32．A.failureB．starvationC．disabilityD．danger33．A.audienceB．staffC．customersD．fans34．A.doctorsB．relativesC．visitorsD．kids35．A.shapesB．formsC．colorsD．materials36．A.includingB．withinC．besidesD．except37．A.perfectB．obviousC．variousD．attractive38．A.disgustingB．dullC．traditionalD．wonderful39．A.IndetailB．InfactC．IngeneralD．Incase40．A.stillB．seldomC．neverD．already第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。[2022·潍坊市高三统一考试]InthethirdcenturyBC,thefullstop(句号)orperiod41.________(introduce)byGreekliterarycriticAristophanesofByzantium.Itisused42.________(show)theendofasentence.However,thefullstophasadifferentmeaningtoteenagersandthoseintheirearly20s，43.________interpretitasasignofanger.Andthereisareasonforthat.Theyoungergenerationhasgrownupusingthetextsastheirprimarymeansofcommunication.Whensendingmessages,theytendtobreakuptheirthoughtsbysendingeachoneas44.________separatemessage,insteadofusingafullstop.Theyfeelthefullstoponce45.________(use)intraditionaltextingisnotessentialatallbecausethemessageisnowendedjustbysendingit.DavidCrystal,oneoftheworld'sleadinglanguage46.________(expert),arguesthattheusageoffullstopsisbeingrevisedinareallyfundamentalway.Inhisbook,hesaysthatthefullstophasbecomeanemotionmarkerthat47.________(remind)thereceiverthatthesenderisangryor48.________(annoy).Thoughthefullstophastakenonadifferentmeaningtotheyoungergeneration,specialistsnotethatitisimportanttotakelanguageenvironment49.________account.Forexample,usingfullstopsinanemailis50.________(perfect)acceptableandisnotconsideredrude.第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。OurschoolheldthoroughcleaninglastFridayafternoon.WeweredividedintoseveralgroupandIwasinthechargeoftheblackboard.First,Icleanedthelowerhalf3timesbutmadesuretherewasnochalktrace.ThenIstoodonachairreachtheupperpart.Meanwhile,Lucyhelpedmewashthecloth,forwhichIfeelgrateful.Ialsohelpedhimcleanthescreen.Afterfinishingourwork,Iimaginedhowcomfortablyourteacherswouldfeelwhilewriteontheblackboard!Ourteacherexpressedhersatisfactionbeforeshecheckedourjob.IlovetoseeacleanandtidyclassroomandIamproudwithit.第二节书面表达(满分25分)[2022·安徽师大附中模拟卷]你的一个善意举动就可以让世界变得更美好，请记述一次你帮助他人的经历，内容包括：1．时间、地点；2．帮助过程；3．个人感受。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第一部分阅读理解第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与自我——健康——避免摄入过多含糖饮料【语篇解读】糖与心脏病、糖尿病甚至癌症等严重疾病有关，这就是减少摄入高糖食物和饮料至关重要的原因。本文介绍了四种高糖饮料以及替代方案。1．答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Fruitjuices中的“Whilefruitjuicescancontainsomeimportantvitaminsandminerals”可知，果汁含有一些重要的矿物质。故A项正确。2．答案与解析：C考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Sportsdrinks中的“Theonlypeople...Unlessthat'syou,juststicktoplainwater”可知，喝运动型饮料能获益的人只有专业运动员或马拉松运动员，除非你是专业运动员或者马拉松运动员，否则，就喝原味的水吧。故作者建议普通人运动时要喝原味的水。故C项正确。3．答案与解析：D考查理解目的的能力。根据第一段可知，糖与一些重大疾病有关，所以作者建议减少高糖食物和饮料的摄入，同时作者介绍了四种高糖饮料及替代方案。故本文的写作目的是警告读者少喝高糖饮料。故D项正确。B语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会——历史人物——推动疫苗接种的先行者【语篇解读】三百年前，英国的MaryWortleyMontagu在土耳其目睹了当地妇女接种天花疫苗后，决定将这种技术带回英国，给女儿接种天花疫苗。她冲破重重阻力，终于成功接种，并得到了当地医生的认可和推广。4．答案与解析：B考查理解段落主旨要义的能力。通读第二段可知，该段首句“MontagufirstwitnessedinoculationwhensheaccompaniedherhusbandtoTurkey”为第二段的主题句；结合下文内容可知，该段主要讲述了Montagu在土耳其目睹当地人预防天花的经过，故B项正确。5．答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段第三句“Inoculationperformedbyunlicensedamateurswouldthreatendoctors'professionalstandingandpotentiallyrobthemofvaluableincome”可知，由无执照的业余人士进行接种会威胁到医生的职业地位并有可能剥夺他们宝贵的收入。据此可知，在英国接种天花疫苗很困难是因为这损害了当地医生的利益，故B项正确。6．答案与解析：C考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第四段尾句“Afterasafetimehadpassedfollowingtheinoculation,Montagualloweddoctorstoexamineherdaughter”可知，在接种疫苗后的一段安全时间过后，Montagu同意医生为她的女儿进行检查。根据第五段首句“DoctorsinBritaingraduallyacceptedthepractice”可知，英国医生逐渐接受了接种天花疫苗。据此可知，由于Montagu给她的女儿成功接种了天花疫苗，故英国医生开始接受。故C项正确。7．答案与解析：A考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，本文首句“Withtheworld'sattentiononvaccines(疫苗)，nowitfeelslikeagoodmomenttosingthepraisesofanoftenforgottencontributortotheirdevelopment”是全文的主旨句；结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了推动天花疫苗接种的先行者Montagu的故事。她勇敢地让她的女儿尝试接种并获得成功，从而使英国的医生逐渐接受了天花疫苗的接种。故A项最适合作为本文标题。C语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与社会——做人与做事——拥有一颗感恩的心【语篇解读】在信息时代，我们缺少一颗感恩的心。我们可以从艺术史中，向伟大的艺术家学习。他们抓住一些小细节进行描绘，所以作者建议我们在表达感恩和感谢时应该找到并紧紧抓住两三个非常详细的理由。8．答案与解析：D考查推断的能力。根据第一段中的“Tomakeourmessagesmoreeffective,wemighttakealessonfromthehistoryofart”可知，为了使我们的信息更有效，我们可以从艺术史中学习。由此可推知，我们可以从艺术中得到写感谢信的灵感。故D项正确。9．答案与解析：C考查理解词汇的能力。根据画线部分所在句的前句和后句信息可知，艺术家不仅仅告诉我们春天很美好，而且还告诉我们一些(这种美好的)细节如：似新生儿柔软的手的树叶，温暖的阳光和刺骨的微风的反差，小鸟轻柔的叫声……。由此可推知，画线句应是指艺术家还专注描写细节。故“zeroinon”应是“专注于”。A项意为“省略”；B项意为“清理”；D项意为“阻止”。故选C项。10．答案与解析：B考查理解文章结构、类型的能力。第三段以土豆有香味和朋友的关心两个小细节为例论证：细节等待着我们去捕捉。故第三段是通过举例来论证观点。故B项正确。11．答案与解析：B考查推断的能力。根据最后一段最后一句“Wejustneedtolocateandholdontightlytotwoorthreehighlydetailedreasonsforourgratitude”可知，作者认为在表达感谢时应该找到并紧紧抓住两三个非常详细的理由，所以作者会推荐B项(你的关怀和温暖的微笑照亮了我的一天)，因为B项属于这种详细的理由。故B项正确。D语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——研究创造——用基因编辑技术制造辣番茄【语篇解读】本文介绍了巴西和爱尔兰的研究人员用基因编辑技术提取辣椒素，制造辣番茄的相关情况。12．答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“withhottomatoesofferinganewwayofharvestingthepungent(辣的)chemicalsfoundinpeppersknownascapsaicinoids(辣椒素)，whichmakefoodtaste‘hot’”可知，研究人员制造辣番茄是为了找到新的提取辣椒素的方法，故D项正确。13．答案与解析：C考查推断的能力。根据第四段中的“Capsaicinoidsareveryvaluablecompounds(化合物)：theyareusedintheweaponsindustry，theyarealsousedforpainkillers”可知，辣椒素可用于武器制造和止痛药等领域，据此判断辣椒素可用于头疼，故C项正确。14．答案与解析：D考查理解观点、态度的能力。根据倒数第二段中的“Bycontrast，tomatoproductionishighandtheplantiswell­studied.‘Youcouldproducethecapsaicinoidsinamorecost­effectivemanner’”可知，Zsögön认为基因编辑技术可以让辣椒素的提取成本变得更低，故可推知他对基因编辑技术很有信心，故D项正确。unacceptable“不能接受的，不受欢迎的”；uncertain“不确定的，信心不足的”；tolerant“宽容的，容忍的”。15．答案与解析：B考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。根据本文的中心句“‘Spicytomatoescouldsoonbeonthemenuthankstotheriseofgene­editing(基因编辑)technology，’researcherssay”可知，本文主要讲述了研究人员用基因编辑技术制造辣番茄的相关情况，故B项正确。第二节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我——爱好——爱好的好处和培养【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了拥有爱好的好处以及一些适合培养成爱好的事。16．答案与解析：G空格前讲爱好是一个帮助你忘记烦恼的好办法；空格后讲所以你在赚钱谋生之外做的事很重要。G项“实际上，很多研究都关注到了爱好能减轻压力的特性”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。17．答案与解析：A空格前讲观赏鸟类可以成为你一个很好的爱好；空格后讲它们可以包括听鸟叫，用眼睛发现和识别鸟。A项“这个活动结合了几种感官”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。18．答案与解析：C空格处是本段主旨句。本段主要介绍了在田地里工作的各种好处。C项“园艺包括创造力和在大自然中的时间”能概括本段大意，适合做本段主旨句。故选C。19．答案与解析：F空格前讲酿造啤酒的各种好处。F项“另外，你将一直拥有一份很棒的自制礼物来送给亲朋好友”承接上文，符合语境。故选F。20．答案与解析：D空格前讲拍照如今是一个相比过去更容易培养的爱好；空格后讲现在，一台好的数码相机意味着你可以低成本低风险地从事摄影(行业)。D项“过去冲洗胶卷既费时又昂贵”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。第二部分语言知识运用第一节语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——为患病的和有残疾的孩子制作披风【语篇解读】不管多小，每个超级英雄都需要披风，这是RobynRosenberger开始为患有癌症等疾病的孩子制作披风的动机，她把为患病的和有残疾的孩子专门制作披风发展成一种事业。21．答案与解析：B考查语境推断。根据下文中的“Itallbeganwhenshewasmakingacape”并结合选项可知，此处指缝制披风。22．答案与解析：A考查逻辑推断。根据空前的“cancer,hearttrouble”尤其是关键词“andother”可知，此处指的是疾病。23．答案与解析：C考查语境和常识推断。此处指的是制作一个披风送给侄子，结合常识可推断披风在此是一个礼物(present)。24．答案与解析：D考查语境推断。根据空后的“apotentiallydeadlyskincondition”“whatshewassuffering”可知，这个女孩患有可能致命的疾病，因此此处用battling表示与疾病作斗争。25．答案与解析：C考查语境和常识推断。根据语境和常识可知，与可能致命的疾病作斗争必须坚强，故用tough“坚强的”。26．答案与解析：B考查词汇复现。根据首段第一句“Everysuperhero,nomatterhowsmall,needsacape(披风)”可知，Brenna是个超级英雄，她需要(needed)披风。27．答案与解析：C考查语境和常识推断。别人送给孩子礼物，作为母亲理应感到高兴(delighted)。28．答案与解析：A考查语境推断。由上文可知Rosenberger听说了Brenna的事就给她送了一个披风，由此可以推断出她在网上发现十个这样的孩子后送出了十个披风。bringsth.in“提出，引入”不符合语境。29．答案与解析：B考查逻辑推断。由空后的“todedicateherselffull­timeto”可以推断出，专门从事做披风，意味着要辞去(quit)原先的工作。30．答案与解析：D考查逻辑推断。根据空前的“”可知，这是一个网站。31．答案与解析：A考查语境推断。根据上文提到的小女孩与可能致命的疾病做斗争的故事可知，这些孩子是勇敢的(brave)。32．