2022-2023年湖北省黄石市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)

2022-2023年湖北省黄石市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

TheTreatyofRomewassignedbysixEuropeancountriestoestablishaunifiedmarket.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Thefirstuseoftheterm"organicfarming"isusuallycreditedto______inhis1940book,LooktotheLand.

3.

Therearethreepossibleexplanationsforthecontradictionoftheassumptionoflarge-packagepurchase:transportation,______limitations.

4.

ManypeoplebelievedthatDr.Freudfoundawayto______.

5.

Tohelpraisethepublic'sawarenessofthesuicideproblem,psychiatristTillerappealedtothegovernmenttoorganize______.

6.

Itisadvisabletoeliminatethoseactivitiesthatare______andyoudon'tlike.

7.

Theauthorthinksuchtaglineas"Steaksauceonlyacowcouldhate"conveysanegativefeelinghardy______.

8.

Theconvergencecriteriainvolvegovernmentbudgetdeficit,outstandinggovernmentdebt,inflation,nominallong-terminterestrateand______________________.

9.TheHydrogenEconomy

Itseemsthateverydaythereisanewannouncementinthenewsaboutautomobilespoweredbyfuelcells.Thepromisesaregreat,sincefuelcellshavethepotentialtoveryquicklydoubletheefficiencyofcarswhilesignificantlyreducingairpollution.

Atthesametime,therehavebeennewsstoriesfordecadesabouttheproblemsassociatedwithpetroleum.Everythingfromoilspillstoozone(臭氧)alertstoglobalwarminggetsblamedonourdependenceonfossilfuels.

Thesetwoforcesareleadingthewormtowardwhatisbroadlyknownasthehydrogeneconomy.Ifthepredictionsaretrue,overthenextseveraldecadeswewillallbegintoseeanamazingshiftawayfromthefossilfueleconomywehavetodaytowardamuchcleanerhydrogenfuture.

ProblemswiththeFossilFuelEconomy

Whilefossilfuelshaveplayedanimportantroleingettingsocietytothepointitisattoday,therearefourbigproblemsthatfossilfuelscreate.

Airpollution—Whencarsburngasoline,theinternalcombustionenginealsoproducescarbonmonoxide,apoisonousgasNitrogenoxides(氮氧化物),themainsourceofurbansmogunburnedhydrocarbons,themainsourceofurbanozone.

Environmentalpollution—Theprocessoftransportingandstoringoilhasabigimpactontheenvironmentwheneversomethinggoeswrong.Anoilspill,pipelineexplosionorwellfirecancreateahugemess.

Globalwarming—Thecarbondioxidecomingoutofeverycar'stailpipeisagreenhousegasthatisslowlyraisingthetemperatureoftheplanet.Theultimateeffectsareunknown,butitisastrongpossibilitythat,eventually,therewillbedramaticclimatechangesthataffecteveryoneontheplanet.

Dependence—TheUnitedStates,andmostothercountries,cannotproduceenoughoiltomeet

demand,sotheyimportitfromoil-richcountries.Thatcreatesaneconomicdependence.WhenMiddleEastoilproducersdecidetoraisethepriceofoil,therestoftheworldhaslittlechoicebuttopaythehigherprice.

AdvantagesoftheHydrogenEconomy

Thehydrogeneconomypromisestoeliminatealloftheproblemsthatthefossilfueleconomycreates.Therefore,theadvantagesofthehydrogeneconomyinclude.

Theeliminationofpollutioncausedbyfossilfuels—Whenhydrogenisusedinafuelcelltocreatepower,itisacompletelycleantechnology.Theonlybyproductiswater.Therearealsonoenvironmentaldangerslikeoilspillstoworryaboutwithhydrogen.

TheeliminationofgreenhousegasesIfthehydrogencomesfromtheelectrolysisofwater,thenhydrogenaddsnogreenhousegasestotheenvironment.Thereisaperfectcycle-electrolysisproduceshydrogenfromwater,andthehydrogenrecombineswithoxygentocreatewaterandpowerinafuelcell.

Theeliminationofeconomicdependence—TheeliminationofoilmeansnodependenceontheMiddleEastanditsoilreserves.

Distributedproduction--Hydrogencanbeproducedanywherethatyouhaveelectricityandwater.Peoplecaneven,produceitintheirhomeswithrelativelysimpletechnology.

Theproblemswiththefossilfueleconomyaresogreat,andtheenvironmentaladvantagesofthehydrogeneconomyaresosignificant,thatthepushtowardthehydrogeneconomyisverystrong.

TechnologicalHurdles(障碍)

Thebigquestionwiththehydrogeneconomyis,"Wheredoesthehydrogencomefrom?"Afterthatcomesthequestionoftransporting,distributingandstoringhydrogen.Hydrogentendstobelargeandtrickyinitsnaturalgaseousform.

Oncebothofthesequestionsareansweredinaneconomicalway,thehydrogeneconomywillbeinplace.

Wheredoesthehydrogencomefrom?Therearetwopossiblesourcesforthehydrogen:electrolysis(电解)ofwater—Usinge

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

What,accordingtotheauthor,causedthedeclineoftheatrebusiness?

A.Therearenotprofessionaltheatresinlargeprovincialtowns.

B.DuringWorldWarⅡ,alotoftheatresweredestroyed.

C.SomepeoplebegintochoosestayathomeandwatchTV.

D.Theperformanceoftheplaysisbecomingworseandworse.

11.

WhataccidenthadhappenedtoalittlegirlcalledChloeHoson?

A.Shewasrobbedonherwaytoschool.

B.Shewaskidnappedandmurdered.

C.Shefellavictimtodomesticviolence.

D.Shedisappearedfornoreason.

12.Blackwomenare______percentmorelikelytobeobesethanMexican-Americanwomen.

13.

Theexactprocedures,bywhichonecantellwhetherenoughpainthasbeenapplied,arerevealedinthistext.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.Organicagriculturecontributestoslowingdowntheglobaltemperatureincreasethroughitsabilityto______.

15.

Wehavearequestofalargevehiclewhichcanautomaticallymovepeoplefromonelocationtoanothertomeetthedemandof______.

16.TheperiodanunemployedpersoncangetUIbenefitsislimitedtonomorethan______inmoststates.

17.

BeforeRachelSasserreluctantlydatedwithhim,sheknewherboyfriend______.

A.isverycharmingandromantic

B.pleasesgirlsbytellingromanticstories

C.datedwithatmost5girls

D.hastherichexperiencewithgirls

18.

Accordingtopreparednessexperts,ifacityhasatleast500hospitalbedsforevery100,000residents,itcouldfind______inanemergency.

19.TheBusinessofMediaViolence

In2001,peoplearoundtheworldspentUS$14billiongoingtothemovies.TheU.S.domesticboxofficealonehitUS$9billion—a75percentincreasefrom1991—andtherearehugerevenuesfromhomevideo/DVDsales,rentalsandspin-offmerchandise.Buteventheseprofitsaredwarfedbymusic,thelargestglobalmediasector.In2000,salesreachedUS$37billion,withmusicconsumptionhighamongyoungaudienceseverywhere.Videogamesarenotfarbehind:globalsalesfor2002wereanticipatedtobeUS$31billion.

AnExpandingForeignMarket

Americanmediacorporationsearnatleasthalfoftheirprofitsfromforeignsales.Andglobalmarketsaregrowingfastasstandardsoflivingarerisingaroundtheworld.SalesofTVs,stereos,VCRsandsatellitedishesareincreasing,andinthelastdecadeortwo,newandexpandingmarketshaveemergedincountriesthathaveabandonedstatecontrolofmediaanddistribution.

Today,U.S.filmsareshowninmorethan150countriesworldwide,andtheU.S.filmindustryprovidesmostofthepre-recordedvideosandDVDssoldthroughouttheworld.Americantelevisionprogramsarebroadcastinover125internationalmarkets,andMTVcanbeseeninmoreforeignhouseholdsthanAmericanones.

Thisinternationalsuccesshasatremendousimpactnotjustontherecipient(愿意接受的)countries,butalsoontheculturalenvironmentoftheU.S.Tosomeextent,thetailiswaggingthedog:moreandmore,thedemandsandtastesofforeignmarketsareinfluencingwhatpopularproductsgetmadeintheU.S.

ActionSells:FilmandTelevision

Nowhereisthisinfluencemoreevidentthaninthefilmindustry.IntheU.S.andCanada,moviesrated"G"(General)and"PG"(ParentalGuidance)consistentlybringsinmorerevenuesthanR-ratedfilms.YetthenumberofGandPGfilmshasdroppedinrecentyears,andthenumberofrestrictedfilmshasrisen.Two-thirdsofHollywoodfilmsin2001wererated"R".

Filmproducersareunequivocal(不含糊的)aboutwhythisisso:theforeignmarketlikesactionfilms.

Actiontravelswell.Actionmoviesdon'trequirecomplexplotsorcharacters.Theyrelyonfights,killings,specialeffectsandexplosionstoholdtheiraudiences.And,unlikecomedyordrama—whichdependongoodstories,sharphumor,andcrediblecharacters,allofwhichareoftenculture-specific—actionfilmsrequirelittleinthewayofgoodwritingandacting.They'resimple,andthey'reuniversallyunderstood.Totopitoff,thelargelynon-verbalnatureofthekindoffilmsthatjournalistSharonWaxmanreferstoas"short-on-dialogue,high-on-testosterone"makestheirdubbing(配音)ortranslationrelativelyinexpensive.

Thereare,ofcourse,exceptionstotherule.ThefilmTitanicmadealmostUS$2billioninworldwidesalesasof2001—makingitthebiggest-grossingmovieofalltime.TheBritishfilmTheFullMontywasaninternationalhitsandMyBigFatGreekWeddingdebunkedalltheprofitformulasin2002.

Butsuchoffbeatsuccessesarehardtopredict.AflicksuchasDieHardorTerminatorismuchmoreofasurething.MostfilmbudgetstodayaverageUS$75-100mil-lion,soHollywoodstudiosdon'tliketotakechances.

AllthismeansenormouspressureontheAmericanmovieindustrytoabandoncomplexityinfavourofactionfilms.Theeffectisakindof"dumbing-down"oftheindustryingeneral.Foreigninvestorsaremuchlesslikelytoinvestinfilmsfocusingonserioussocialthemesorwomen'sissues,oronesthatfeatureminoritycasts.Suchfilms,howeverbrilliant,arenotwherethebigmoneyis.Worldwideappealdeterminescastingandscript.decisions—andtheoverwhelmingdemandisforwhiteactorsandaction.

Successbreedssuccess,andthesheerubiquity(无处不在)oftheseproductionsandal

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Theauthor______thattheU.N.SecurityCouncilshouldnotonlydenounceIran’sactionsbutagreeonanoilembargoandabanoninvestmentinIran.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(26)

A.Heavytrafficinthecity

B.Pollutioninthecitycenter

C.Theinefficiencyofpublictransport

D.Thehighcostofbuildingcarparksinthecitycenter.

22.听力原文：W:Haveyouheardabouttheplanecrashyesterday?Itcausedahundredandtwentydeaths.I'mneverateasewhentakingaflight.

M:Thoughweoftenhearaboutaircrashesandseriouscasualdeeds,flyingisoneofthesafestwaystotravel.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromthisconversation?

(15)

A.Thewomannevertravelsbyplane.

B.Bothspeakersfeelnervouswhenflying.

C.Themanthinkstravelingbyairisquitesafe.

D.Thespeakersfeelsadabouttheseriouslossoflife.

23.

【B11】

24.

【B2】

25.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Weallhopethatthevaluesthatareimportanttoeachofusarepassedalongtoourchildren.Often,however,thathopeis【B1】______byafloodofpopculturemessages,peerpressure,andoverscheduledlivesthatleavelittletimeforgoodcounselor【B2】______It'seasytoforgetthatlearningvaluesandcharacterathomeisasimportantasanyschoolworkorextracurricularactivities.

Intherealworldofjobsandcareer,peoplearejudgedbytwostandards:their【B3】______skillsandtheirpersonaltraits.Whilegradeschool,highschool,andcollegecanteachskillsand【B4】______,it'suptoparentstoteachchildrentheattributesthatmakeforsuccessintherealworld—diligence,a【B5】______attitude,creativity,optimism,assertiveness,and【B6】______.Schools—particularlycolleges—don'tfocusontheseissues.That'sthejoboftheparents,sotakethe【B7】______seriously.Sendyourkidsintotheworldreadytohandlenotonlythetasksoflifebutalsoitshurdles,socialobstacles,and【B8】______withskillsandcharacter.

Youreallycan'tstartsoonenough.Afterall,childrenneedpersonalintegrityandmoralsasmuchasanyadult.Bullieswillalwaysbearound,【B9】______.Exposingchildrentotheharsherrealitiesoflifeisn'tcruel;givingthemthatexperienceandcoachingthemthroughitispartandparcelofraisingkidstohavecourage,resilience,andhonor.【B10】______.Thenthinkthroughhowtoteachthesecruciallessons.Talkingtoyourkidsshouldbeonlypartoftheplan.Lettingthemwitnessintegrityinaction—throughyourownbehavior,bywatchingdocumentariesaboutgreatpeopletogether,orevenbyvisitingacourtroom—isthestrongestwaytoimpartthemessage.【B11】______.Somakeapointofit.Afterall,ifyoudon'tteachyourchildrenintegrity,whowill?

【B1】

26.听力原文：W:Let'sdosomething!Whydon'twegooutfordinnerorgodancing.

M:I'mwatchingTV.

W:You'realwayswatchingTV.Stopbeingsuchacouchpotato!Getupandlet'sdosomething.

M:Iamdoingsomething,I'mwatchingTV.

W:You'realwayswatchingsomestupidsitcom.It'sawaste0ftim~,andawasteofbrainpower.

M:Sometimesit'snicejusttokickback,relaxandlaughalittle.Thereisnothingwrongwithalittlecomedyinone'slife.Infact,that'swhyI'mhere

W:Ha.ha!Veryfunny!

M:Besides,Iamwatchingsomethingserious.

W:What?Ibetit'ssomeridiculousdramawithperfectlookingpeoplecomplainingaboutthetribulationsofdailylife.

M:Nope,wrongagain.

W:Thenitmustbeaprime-timenewsprogramdescribinghowsomewomanwentcrazyandkilledherhusband.

M:No.Iwatchedthatlastnight.Youhadbetterguessquickly—thecommercialsarealmostover.

W:Isitamurdermystery?OrsomesciencefictionshowlikeStarTrek?

M:No.

W:Agameshowwheretheytestyourknowledgeofuselesstrivia?

M:No.it'sadocumentaryondolphinsintheCaribbean.

W:Hey,thatsoundsinteresting!

M:Whydon'twemakesomepopcorn,andthenwatchtherestofittogether.

(20)

A.Becauseit'sawayofrelaxinghimself

B.Becausehehasnothingelsetodo.

C.Becausesitcomisveryfunny.

D.BecausewatchingTVishisfavoriteactivity.

27.听力原文：W:Ihearyou'retakinganadvancedphysicscoursethissemester.

M:Oh,IthinkI'vebittenoffmorethanIcanchew.

Q:Howdoesthemanthinkoftheadvancedphysicstohim?

(19)

A.Apieceofcake.

B.JustOK.

C.Abitbeyondhim.

D.Alittleeasierforhim.

28.(29)

A.Comingrain.

B.Becomingstormy.

C.Brightdaycoming.

D.Warmweathercoming.

29.听力原文：About20,000whaleshavebeenslaughteredsinceabanoncommercialwhalingwasintroducedin1986andthedeathtollisrisingeachyear.NorwayandJapankilledover1,000whalesin1999andtheyplantokillevenmore.TheInternationalWhalingCommission(IWC)hasfailedtostopthekillingandacompromisedealmayrelaxthebanallowingcoastalwhalingcondemningmanythousandsmorewhalestoacrueldeath.In1994,theIWCcreatedawhalerefugeinAntarcticwatersandmanybelievedthebattletosavethewhaleshadbeenwon.ButJapanhasignoredtherefugeandalongwithNorwaycontinuestodefythewhalingban.Astheenvironmentalconcernsincreasewhalingisnolongertheissueitwasordeservestobe.Withlittlepublicawarenessoftheincreasingwhaleslaughter,therehasbeennopressuretostopit.Consequently,thepoliticalwilltoconfrontthewhalersandenforcethewhalingbanhasslippedaway.Commercialwhalinghasruinedwhalepopulationsworldwide,pushingtheentirespeciestothebrinkofextinction.Thereisstillgreatscientificuncertaintyaboutthesizeandstatusofremainingwhalepopulations.Whalesarefacingincreasingthreatstotheirsurvivalincludingincreasingtoxicpollution,massiveover-fishing,boatcollisions,habitatloss,ozoneexhaustionandclimatechange.Theyneedtobeprotected,nothunted.Commercialwhalingissurprisinglycruelandunnecessary.Itismorallyindefensible.Itshouldbecondemnedtohistory,toatimewhensadlyweknewnobetter!

(30)

A.Theimpactofcommercialwhaling.

B.WhyJapanandNorwaycontinuetohuntwhales.

C.TheinactionoftheIWC.

D.Theimmoralityofcommercialwhaling.

30.听力原文：W:Thisfoodisterrible!Ican'tevenfinishmydinner.

M:Iknow,youthinkwithallthemoneywepaidforroomandboard,theuniversitycouldhireabetterfoodservice.Whereareyouheadingnext?

W:I'mgoingovertothestudentrecreationcentertoplaysomebridge.

M:Youarespendingyourtimeonacardgame?

W:Notjustacardgame.It'soneofthemoststrategicgames.

M:SoIhaveheard.Don'tyouplaywithapartner?

W:Yeah!Fourpeopleplay,twoagainsttheothertwo.

M:So,youtrytoplayincooperationwithyourpartner?

W:Actually,thecardsofoneofthefourplayersareturnedface-up.Thatplayeriscalledthedummy.

M:Iwouldn'twanttobecalledthat.Whenyouarethedummy,whatdoyoudowhilethecardsarebeingplayed?

W:Anythingyouwant.Sitthereandstudy,shuffleanotherdeck,getsnacksforeveryone...Iliketostandbehindmypartnerandwatch.Thatisveryinteresting.

M:Youknow,I'veheardthatbridgeishabit-forming.Youshouldbecarefulnottoplaysomuchthatyoudon'tgetyourstudyingdone.

W:Don'tworryaboutme.IonlyplaycardsonThursdayafterdinner,andsometimeswhentheyneedafourthplayer.Ifyoulike,Icouldteachyou.

M:Thanks,butIhaveaprettyheavyworkloadthissemester.IalreadyspendmyeveningsdoingthingsIdon'treallyknowhowtodoyet.

W:Iknowyouarebusy,butsometimesyouneedtohavearest.

19．Howdoesthewomanplantospendherevening?

20.Whatwillthewomanprobablydoifsheisthedummy?

21.Whatdoesthemanwarnthewomannottodo?

22.Whydoesn'tthemanacceptthewoman'soffer?

(23)

A.Playingcards.

B.Preparingsnacks.

C.Studyingwithapartner.

D.Learninghowtodesignbridges.

31.(35)

A.ItinfluencesthesurfacetemperatureofMars.

B.Itprotectslivingbeingsfromharmfulrays.

C.Itkeepsaplanetfromoverheating.

D.Itisthemaincomponentoftheairpeoplebreathe.

32.(22)

A.Shemightbewastinghertime.

B.Hecanhelpherlocatethename.

C.Shehadbettergettwopoetrybooksinstead.

D.Sheshouldwaitandcheckthebookoutofthelibrary.

33.听力原文：M:CanIgetarideintotheofficewithyoutomorrow?

W:Anotherdaywouldbefine.ButI'vegottobedowntownforameetingfirstthinginthemorning.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

(17)

A.Sheacceptstheoffer.

B.Shedeclinestheoffer.

C.Shehasameeting.

D.Shehasgottobedowntown.

34.

【B7】

35.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：M:Youdidn'tseemtobeabletositstillforclass.Areyouexpectingsomething?

W:Yes.I'mexpectingacalltoseeifIwasacceptedforthepositionatCole's.Icoulddowiththecash.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(12)

A.Sheiseagertobeacceptedbytheuniversity.

B.SheiswaitingtoseeifshecouldgetthejobfromCole's.

C.SheisexpectingtoseeifColewouldlendhersomecash.

D.Shehasnoideaaboutwhethershecanaffordtheuniversitytuition.

36.(45)

37.(34)

A.Hardlyeverlookedintothecausesoftragedies.

B.Imposedsafetyrulesassoonasaccidentstookplace.

C.Seldomintroducedsafetylawsbeforedisastersoccurred.

D.Paidmuchattentiontotheresultsofscientificdiscoveries.

38.听力原文：W:Excuseme,Professor,sinceclass'scancelledonThursday,whenarewegoingtohavethequiz?

M:Itwillbepostponeduntilnextweek'sclass.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(17)

A.He'llgivethequizatalatertime.

B.Thequizwillbeveryshort.

C.Thequizwon'tbereadyuntilThursday.

D.He'llscorethequizquickly.

39.

【B9】

40.听力原文：W:Ihavetothinkaboutyouroffer.Ican'tsay"yes"or"no"atthemoment.

M:Youtakeyourtime.Itwilldoifyouletmeknowyourdecisioninadayortwo.

Q:Whichofthefollowingistrue?

(19)

A.Themanthinksthewomaniswastinghertime.

B.Themanthinksthewomanshouldmakefulluseofhertime.

C.Themaniseagertoknowthewoman'sanswer.

D.Themancanwaitandthereisnoneedforhertohurry.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Interrogationfor“thoughtcrimes”hasn'tcomeintorealitypartlyduetothedependenceoff______.

42.

Biotechcan'tsolvetheproblemofdistributingfoodindevelopingnationsbecause______.

A.enoughfoodcanbeproducedtofeedworldpopulation

B.thetransportinfrastructureinsomecountriesarebackward

C.biotechitselfcannotbedistributedtothesecountries

D.farmersinthosenationscannotaffordtobuythetechnology

43.Man,eveninthelowerstagesofdevelopment,possessesafacultywhich,forwantofabettername,IshallcallNumberSense.Thisfacultypermitshimtorecognizethatsomethinghaschangedinasmallcollectionwhen,withouthisdirectknowledge,anobjecthasbeenremovedfromoraddedtothecollection.

Numbersenseshouldnotbeconfusedwithcounting,whichinvolvesaratherintricatementalprocess.Counting,sofarasweknow,isanattributeexclusivelyhuman,whereassomeanimalspeciesseemtopossessanelementarynumbersensesimilartoourown.Atleast,suchistheopinionofcompetentobserversofanimalbehavior,andthetheoryissupportedbyaweightynassofevidence.

Manybirds,forinstance,possesssuchanumbersense,Ifanestcontainsfoureggs,onecansafelybetaken;butwhentwoareremoved,thebirdgenerallydeserts.Insomeunaccountablewaythebirdcandistinguishtwofromthree.Butthisfacultyisbynomeansconfinedtobirds,moststrikinginstanceweknowisthatoftheinsectcalledthe"solitarywasp."Themotherwasplayshereggsinindividualcellsandprovideseacheggwithanumberoflivecaterpillares(毛虫)onwhichtheyoungfeedwhenhatched.Now,thenumberofvictimsisremarkablyconstantforagivenspeciesofwasp.Somespeciesprovide5,others,12,othersagainashighas24caterpillarspercell.ButmostremarkableisthecaseoftheGenusEumenus,avarietyinwhichthemaleismuchsmallerthanthefemale.Insomemysteriouswaythemotherknowswhethertheeggwillproduceamaleorafemalcanddividethequantityoffoodaccordingly;shedoesnotchangethespeciesorsizeoftheprey,butiftheeggismale,shesuppliesitwithfivevictims;iffemale,withteem.

Theregularityintheactionofthewaspmakesthislastcaselessconvincingthantheonewhichfollows.Heretheactionofthebirdseemstoborderontheconscious.

Alandownerwasdeterminedtoshootacrewwhichmadeitsnestinthewatchtowerofhisestate.Repeatedlyhetriedtosurprisethebird.Butinvain:attheapproachofmanthecrowwouldleaveitsnest.Fromadistanttreeitwouldwatchfullywaituntilthemanhadleftthetowerandthenreturntoitsnest.Onedaythelandownerhituponanidea:twomenenteredthetower,oneremainedwithin,theothercameoutandwenton.Butthebirdwasnotdeceived:itkeptawayuntilthemanwithincameout.Theexperimentwasrepeatedonthesucceedingdayswithtwo,three,thenfourmen,yetwithoutsuccess.Finally,fivemenweresent:asbefore,allenteredthetower,andoneremainedwhiletheotherfourcameoutandwentaway.Herethecrowlostcount.Unabletodistinguishbetweenfourandfive,itpromptlyreturnedtoitsnest.

Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.

A.man'selementarynumbersenseisfoundinlowerspecies

B.birdshavealimitednumbersense

C.animalscannotcount

D.numbersenseisaprimitiveform.ofcounting

44.

ThedescriptionofMr.RustamMamedovis______.

A.anexampleofatypicallonglifeamongthesepeople

B.anexampleofanunusuallonglifeamongthesepeople

C.anexplanationofwhyheisstillhealthy

D.anexplanationofwhatwayoflifeweshouldtake

45.

【C5】

46.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Commutertrainsareoftenstuffyandcrowded,andtheyfrequentlyfailtorunontime.Asifthatwerenotbadenough,TsuyoshiHondou,aphysicistatTohokuUniversityinJapan,publishedapaperin2002thatgavecommuters【C1】______anothermasontofeeluncomfortable.DrHondouexaminedmobilephoneusageinenclosedspacessuchasrailwaycarriages,busesandlifts,allofwhichare,in【C2】______,metalboxes.Hismodelpredictedthatalargenumberofpassengerscrowdedtogether,allblathering,sendingtextmessages,orbrowsingthewebontheirphones,couldproducelevelsofelectromagneticradiationthat【C3】______internationalsafetystandards.Thatisbecausetheradiowavesproducedbyeachphonearereflectedoffthemetalwallsofthecarriage,busorlift.Enoughradiationescapestoallowthephonetocommunicatewiththenetwork,buttherestbathestheinsideofthecarriagewithbouncingmicrowaves.

Thissoundsworrying.Butmaybeitisn'tafterall.InapaperpublishedrecentlyinAppliedPhysicsLetters,JaimeFerretandLucasFernandezSeivanefromtheUniversityofOviedoinSpainalongwithcolleaguesfromthePolytechnicUniversityofMadridandTelefonicaMoviles,aSpanishmobileoperator【C4】______DrHondou'sfindings.Theyconcludethatthelevelofradiationissafeafterall.

The【C5】______additiontothenewresearchistheeffectofthepassengersthemselves.Whileeachphoneproducesradiationthatbouncesaroundthecar,thepassengersabsorbsomeofit,whichhastheeffectofreducingtheoverallintensity,justasthepresenceofanaudiencechangestheacousticsofa