仁爱英语八年级上册第四单元复习指导

Unit4OurWorldTopic1Plantsandanimalsareimportanttous.一、词的形式变换及短语。A.词的形式1.写出下列不规则名词的复数sheep--goose--child--foot--mouse--tooth--Chinese--Japanese--Englishman--Frenchwoman--policeman--man--woman--fish---2.根据要求写出下列词的形式。fox(复数)--beauty(形容词）--above（反义词）--fat(反义词）--sea(同音词）---drop(过去式）--hole(同音词）--dig(现在分词）--wolf(复数）--bamboo(复数）--control(过去式）--beauty（复数）--B.翻译并记住下列短语。share...with...feedonthousandsofinfactmakeuponearthfill...with...beindangerbeimportanttothinkabouteverydropofwaterlessandlessfewerandfewerinthesouthofboth...and...livingthingsmanydifferentkindsofplentyofontheearthbenecessaryforsb/sth.二、重难点句型翻译。1.它们给我们乐趣。_____________________________________2.我们和动物分享同一个世界。___________________________3.水对动植物都是必要的。______________________________4.没有水动植物根本就不能生存。________________________5.请把坑用泥土填好。__________________________________6.熊猫靠竹子生存。__________________________________7.空气对人很重要。Air_________________people.8.乡村的天更蓝，水更清澈。Theair__________andthewater_____________inthecountryside.9.我要去昆明度寒假。Iwill__________________mywinterholiday.10.我要去我的家乡欣赏大自然的美。Ishallgotomyhometownto_____________________nature.11.动、植物你较喜欢哪一样？_____doyou____________,plantsoranimals?12.我较喜欢植物。I_____plants_______.13.众所周知，它们俩对我们都很重要。____________,theyare__________________us.14.我们的世界将像什么样？What___ourworld＿_______?15.我们必须节约每一滴水。wemust______every_______water.16.地球上的水越来越少。Thewater_____________is_________＿＿＿＿＿．17.将会有越来越少的树。There_______________________trees.三、知识点积累1.thinkabout,thinkof,thinkover的区别。2.givesb.joy/happiness/pleasure3.比较级前可以用_________________even,far等词来修饰。4.fill...with...与befullof5.cover...with....与becoveredwith6.世界上仅有的事物前常用定冠词the,例如7.over与morethan8.makeup9.onearth,ontheearth,intheworld10.beimportanttosb/sth.beimportantforsb./sth.It'simportantforsb.todosth.11.less,fewer和more四、重点语法A.形容词、副词比较级与最高级的构成fresh----few----long----green----nice-----cute----late----brave----lazy----ugly----healthy--busy----thin----big----hot----wet----beautiful--------dangerous--------interesting--------important----------careful---------active--------necessary-------B.比较级和最高级的用法1.Mikeisactive.Johnis_____________(active).2.Whichofyourparentsis____________(young)?3.Whichbookis______________（interesting),thisoneorthatone？4.Heis______________(lazy)inourclass.5.TheChangjiangRiveris____________(long)inChina.6.Heis_________(fat)ofall.7.Shanghaiisoneof___________(big)citiesintheworld.8.Thereare________(many)treesinourhometownthaninthisplace.9.Thissongis_______(good)thanthatone,butitis___________(difficult)tosing.10.Ithinkcatsare__________(lovely)thandogs.Unit2AreyousurethereareUFOs?一、词的形式及短语A.词的形式science（表示人的词）________repair(同义词）______________real(副词）_________________useful(反义词）_____________dictionary(复数）____________press(三单）________________wake(过去式）______________write(过去式）_____________B.词组及短语taketheplaceofmistake...for...callforwakeupforexamplespend..on...lookuppayattentiontobeginwithwritetopluginbesureofinsteadofloseone'sjobflyoverlooklikecomeoutofinalphabeticalordergiveatrywiththehelpofdownloadgamessurftheInternetin20yearswalktowardbeginwithstartwith二、重点句型1.你一定要回来早一点。You______________________backearly.2.你可以告诉我一些关于你自己的情况吗？Couldyoutellme_____________________________?3.科学家们在1921年发明了第一个机器人。Scientists__________________robotin1921。4.在那之前，类似机器人的东西出现了。Beforethat,something_____________________________.机器人在某些场合能代替人类做艰难或乏味的工作。Robotscan______________humans______hardor______workinsomesituations.它们也能带替人类做许多危险的工作。Theycandolotsofdangerouswork_________________.你肯定吗？_________________________?我肯定机器人能比人类做得更快更好。Iamsurethatrobotscando____and_____than_______.8.机器人将会使人类失去工作。Robotswill_____humans________________.9.机器人不支付报酬就能干活。Robotscan_________________.10.机器人比人类能干更加难的工作。Robotscando________________than______.11.AUFOflewovermyheadwhileIwaswalkingtowardsthebusstopyesterday.12.我不敢肯定.____________________13.甚至科学家们也不敢肯定是否有UFOs.Evenscientists__________________thereareUFOs.其它星球上没有生物。There_________________onotherplanets.三，知识要点sure的用法adv,当然，的确（对别人征求意见或请求做事的回答）adj.确信的，有把握的，肯定的。besuretodosth.besureofsth.besure+thatclausebesure+wh-clause例，Besuretocomeearlytomorrow.Iamsuretowin.Areyousureofthat?Iamsurethatyourteamwillbeatthem.IamnotsurewhetherthereareUFOs.Heisnotsurewheretheywillgothiswinterholiday.Areyousureyoucanpasstheexam?Yes,Iamsure.No,I’mnotsure.2.taketheplaceof,insteadof的区别。前者是短语动词，在句中作谓语；后者是短语介词，放在句末，后接名词、动名词、代词。MissLiuisill.Shecan’tgiveuslessons.Mr.Zhang__________________ofher.Hewentmountainclimbing__________goingswimming.makesb.dosth.使某人做某事Robotswillmakepeoplelosetheirjobs.usesth.todosth.=usesthfordoingsthWeuserobotstocleantheroom.=Weuserobots_______________.payattentionto的to是介词，后面接名词、代词、动名词。Youshouldpayattentiontospelling.Youshouldpayattentiontokeepingyourclassroomclean.pay的用法作名词时是“工资，报酬”的意思；作动词时是“付款，赔偿”的意思。例，Theboyworksfortheoldmanwithoutpay.Ifyoulosttheotherpeople’sthings,youshouldpayforthem.Hepaid50yuanforthedictionary.job和work的区别job是可数名词，可只零时的工作，也可指长期的工作；work是不可数名词，是工作的广泛概念，此外，Work还有“著作，作品”的意思。Work还可作动词。His_____istoteachEnglish.Ifoundapart-time_____.It’snoteasyforcollegestudentstofind_______.He______asagateguardinthatschool.HelovesreadingChairmanMao’s______.whether与if的区别whether,if都可以引导宾语从句，意思是“是否”，但句末有ornot时只能用whether不能用if;whether可引导主语从句，if不能；if可引导条件状语从句，whether不能。_______hewillgoornothas’tbeendecided.Iamnotsure________thereareUFOs.Jimdoesn’tknow______hisfatherwillagreeornot.____youhaveanyquestions,youcanaskmeatanytime.9,happen与takeplace的区别。happen表示意外“发生”主语是accident,flood,fire,earthquake,drought等。takeplace是指按计划的“发生”。What______toyouyesterday?Abigdrought________inSouthwestChinalastyear.Greatchanges______________inmyhometowninrecentyears.此外，happen还有“碰巧”的意思，常用于sb.happentodosth.Ihappenedtofindawalletontheplaygroundthedaybeforeyesterday.四、语法要点（略）Topic3Thebuildersusedlivemodels,didn’tthey?重点词组及短语regard…as..livemodelsmorethanpulldownheavytrafficbewornouttaketheundergroundtheSummerPalacebemadeupofaccordingtofromthenonmillionsofForbiddenCityordersb.todosth.Longagojoin…togethertheancientChinatheancientEgyptiansaround2560B.Cinthecenterof重点语法反义疑问句。反义疑问句由“陈述句、祈使句、感叹句+一个简短的一般疑问句”构成。当前半部分的陈述句为肯定句时，后半部分的系动词、情态动词、助动词后加not而且要用缩写。前半部分为否定句，后半部分的的系动词、情态动词、助动词后不加not;但大家特别要注意的是一些含有否定意义的词如hardly,seldom,little,few,never,nothing，nobody等的句子也是否定句。Hedoes’tlikeEnglish,________?Yougotupearly,________?Thereislittlewaterinthebottle,_________?Hehadnothingtoeatthen,__________?SheneverspeaksEnglishinclass,_________?Heusedtosmoke,_________?TheywillgotoKunmingforholidays,________?Hemustbebackinaweek,_________?Nobodyisintheclassroom,___________?You’dbetterhandinyourhomeworknow,_________?另外，要注意一些特殊的情况，Let’s开头的祈使句，后半部分用shallwe?其它动词开头的祈使句（包括letus..），后半部分用willyou?I…开头的，后半部分主语仍用I.Ithink/believe+宾语从句的句型，后面的疑问句与从句的主语一致。动名词、不定式作主语时看着第三人称单数。前半部分是感叹句时，后半部分疑问句的主语和前半部分的主语一致。Let’sgoandplaybasketball,＿＿＿＿＿＿＿？Don’tmakeanoise,______?Iamateacher,________?Ilikesanwiches,__________?Idon’tthinkhelikesEnglish,________?Letushelpyou,________?Swimmingisgoodforourhealth,_________?Whatacoldday,__________?Howbeautifultheseflowersare,___________?重点句型1,Ittakessb.sometime.todosth.某人花了多少时间做某事。it形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。这个句型可以转换为sb.spendssometime(in)doingsth.Ittookhimhalfanyeartolearntodriveacar.He_____halfanhourin______todriveacar.2,ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事，类似order用法的词有ask,tell,warn,like,want,wouldlike,invite等。不定式的否定式在to前加not。例，Thecruelteacherorderedthestudentstodroptotheirknees.Theleaderswarnedthestudentsnottogooutatnight.Parentsalwaysasktheirchildrentoobeytheschoolrules.3,trytodosth.尽力做某事，和try有类似用法的动词还有want,like,need,agree,plan,start,begin,forget,doone’sbest,tryone’sbest等。例，我们要尽最大努力学好英语。