运动系统总论-osteology-Thebonesoftrunk课件

运动系统

LocomotorsystemVol1.013thFeb2012Copyright©2012QiongyingDengAllRightsReserved

Compositionoflocomotorsystembone骨

articulation关节

muscle骨骼肌

Numbers:206

(include6auditoryossicles听小骨)Classification:

AccordingtoregionSkull颅骨Bonesoftrunk躯干骨Appendicularbones

附肢骨auditoryossiclesChapter1

osteologyThegeneraldiscriptionSection1shaftUpperextremitylowerextremityepiphysisepiphysismetaphysisLongboneEpipysiallineEpiphysialcartilageEpiphysisShortboneLateralviewofvertebraSuperiorviewofvertebraIrregularboneSesamoidbone籽骨Pneumaticbone含气骨SesamoidboneShortboneLongboneThebonesinhandTheshape&structureofbonesLongboneArticularsurfacePeriosteum

CompactboneSpongyboneMadullarycavityBonemarrowEpiphysialcartilage(Epiphysialline)1123336554477Theshape&structureofbonesFlatboneIrregularboneCompactbone(Outerplate)Compactbone(Innerplate)SpongyboneCompactboneSpongybone(Dioploë)板障Whattypeofbonearetheybelongto?Tarsalbones(跗骨)Metatarsalbones(跖骨)Sesamoidbones(籽骨)骨的化学成份和物理性质有机质（骨胶原纤维束和粘多糖蛋白）

——弹性、韧性无机质（碱性磷酸钙）

——硬性、脆性正常成人比例:有机质/无机质约为3:7膜化骨软骨化骨TheDevelopmentofBones(self-study)Whatistheanatomicalposition?Howmanytypesofboneaccordingtotheirshapes？andwhatisthecharacteristicsineachpart？Whatisthestructureofbones？QuestionsVertebralbodyPedicleofvertebralarch椎弓根Laminaofvertebralarch椎弓板VertebralforamenSuperiorarticularprocess(2)Inferiorarticularprocess(2)SpinousprocessTransverseprocess(2)

2+3=VertebralarchNotchinneighbourvertebralpedicleconsistofthe

intervertebralforamen112223345677888Generalfeaturesofthevertebrae椎骨的一般形态椎体椎弓根椎弓板棘突1横突2上关节突2下关节突2椎间孔椎上切迹椎孔椎弓椎下切迹AnteriorarchAnteriortubercleTransverseforamenTransverseprocessVertebralforamenDentalfoveaPosteriorarchThefirstcervicalvertebra(Atlas)A.

SuperiorviewSuperiorarticularsurfaceGrooveforvertebralarteryB.InferiorviewInferiorarticularsurface1122333344445566778AB112345789103th-6thcervicalvertebrae7thcervicalvertebraVertebralbodyTransverseforamenTransverseprocessVertebralforamenSuperiorarticularsurfaceInferiorarticularsurfaceSpinousprocessVertebralarchAnteriortuberclePosteriortubercleThespecialcharacteristicsofcervicalvertebraesmallVertebralbodyPartlybifidspinousprocessVertebralforamenisnearlytriangular,largeTransverseforamenAtlas寰椎Axis枢椎VertebraProminens隆椎LumbervertebraeVertebralbodyPedicleofvertebralarchLaminaeofvertebralarchVertebralforamenSuperiorarticularprocess(2)Inferiorarticularprocess(2)SpinousprocessTransverseprocess(2)SuperiorviewLateralviewLarge,thickvertebralbodyiskidney-shapedVertebralforamenistriangularThespinousprocessisheavy,rectangularandstrong,posteriordirections4.Thearticularprocessesarealmoststraight5.relativelysagittal

articularfacetsThespecialcharacteristicsoflumbarvertebrae

Sacrum&CoccyxAnteriorviewPosnteriorviewBaseofsacrumPromontoryofsacrumAlaofsacrumSacralcanalLateralpartAnteriorsacralforaminaPosteriorsacralforaminaTransverselineApesofsacrumArticularsurfaceMediansacralSacralhiatusSacralcornuIntermediatesacralCoccygeal

cornu12345679101112131415sternumJugularnotchClavicularnotchCostalnotchfor1stribManubrium

sterniSternalangleCostalnotchBodyofsternumXiphoidprocess123457586866AnteriorviewLateralviewManubriumsterniBodyofsternumXiphoidprocessTrueribsFalseribsFloatingribsRibs:Costalbone+Costalcartilage

Numbers:12paireTypes:

真肋假肋浮肋肋弓Costalarch真肋假肋浮肋后面观CostalboneTwoends:anterior\posteriorTwoborder:Superior\InferiorTwofaces:Internal\External

Costalgroove肋结节肋颈肋角肋头肋结节关节面肋沟上关节面下关节面上关节面下关节面肋结节肋颈肋体肋的一般形态肋头肋颈肋体The1st&2ndribsCostalheadCostalneckCostaltubercleSulcusforsubclavianarteryTubercleforscalenusanterio