2019全民英语背诵营放弃19直接看讲义精华集锦

TheRoadtoCharacterByDavidWeliveinasocietythatencouragesustothinkabouthowtohaveagreatcareerbutleavesmanyofusinarticulateabouthowtocultivatetheinnerlife.Thecompetitiontosucceedandwinadmirationissofiercethatit esall-consuming.Theconsumermarketceencouragesustolivebyautilitariancalculus,tosatisfyourdesiresandlosesightofthemoralstakesinvolvedineverydaydecisions.ThenoiseoffastandshallowcommunicationsmakesithardertohearthequietersoundsthatemanatefromtheWeliveinaculturethatteachesustopromoteandadvertiseourselvesandtomastertheskillsrequiredforsuccess,butthatgiveslittleencouragementtohumility,sympathy,andhonest ,whicharenecessaryforbuildingcharacter.cultivate[‘kʌltɪveɪt]vt.培养；陶冶；耕作admirationædmə’reɪʃ(ə)nn钦佩；赞赏fierce[fɪrs]adj.凶猛的；猛烈的calculuskælkjʊləsn运算，演算；微积分stake[steɪk]n.桩；赌注；利害关系；involve[ɪn’vɑlv]vt.牵涉；卷入；涉及shallow[‘ʃæləʊ]adj.浅的；肤浅的emanate[‘eməneɪt]vt.&vi.散发出；流出require[rɪ’kwaɪr]vt.需要；要求humility[hjʊ’mɪlɪtɪ]n.谦卑，谦逊sympathy[‘sɪmpəθɪ]n.同情；赞同[,kɑnfrən’teɪʃən]n.对抗；面encouragesb.todosth.鼓励做某leavesb.+adj.使处于某种处境so…that…如此……以至于utilitariancalculus功利主义计算losesightof忽视；看不到makeitadjtodosth使做某事怎么样（ittodosth.真正宾语《品格》··Weliveinasociety我们一个社会里that引导的定语从句：thatencouragesustothinkabout鼓励我们去思考howtohaveagreatcareerbutleavesmanyofusleavesb.+adj.，意思是“把留在某种处境下”；inarticulate意思是“不善表达的、说不清楚aboutabouthowtocultivatetheinnerlife关于如何培养我们的Weliveinasocietythatencouragesustothinkabouthowtohaveagreatcareerbutleavesmanyofusinarticulateabouthowtocultivatetheinnerlife.Thecompetitiontosucceedandwintosucceedandwinadmiration（去成功和获得赞赏）Theissofierce esall-consuming.Theconsumermarketceencouragesustolive消费者市场鼓励我们去生活bybyautilitariancalculus用一种实用主义的计算方法，tosatisfyourdesiresandlosesightofthemoralstakeslosesightofsth.，字面意思是“丢掉了某物的视线”，也就是“忽视、忽略”的意思。然后是过去分词作后置定语：involvedineverydaydecisions.涉及到每天的决定当中的（道德风Theconsumermarketceencouragesustolivebyautilitariancalculus,消费者市场鼓励我tosatisfyourdesiresandlosesightofthemoralstakesinvolvedineverydaydecisions努非常低劣问题的体现而已。Thenoiseoffastandshallowcommunicationsmakesitharderthatthatemanatefromthedepths.从深处散发出来的（声音）。我们继续来看第三段，这段话是前两段内容的整体概括，也是TheRoadtoCharacter整本书的思Weliveinaculture我们一种文化thatthatteachesustopromoteandadvertiseourselves（这种文化）教我们去推广自己、为自己打andtomastertheskills并且去掌握那些技能,butthatgiveslittleencouragementtohumility,sympathy,andhonest 紧接着是一个which引导的非限定性定语从句，具体来修饰之前的各种品格：whicharenecessaryforbuildingcharacter这些（也就是谦逊、同情、真诚面对自我）对塑造品格来说都是必不可少的。societysə’saɪətɪn这个词最主要的是前三个字母soc，后面是元音字母-i-连接的名词后缀-ety（相当于-ity）。soc和as-辅音双写起强调作用，后面是元音字母-i-引导的动词后缀-ate。associate这个单词，指的是社会上“人与人或者物与物有联系”，作动词表示“联系、结交”。比如说：Mostpeopleassociatethisbrandwithgoodquality.（大多数人会把这个品牌和优良品质联系在一起。）或者说：Hisjobisassociatingwithpeoplefromdifferentareas.（他的工作就是跟不同领域的人打交道。）的NBA，全称叫做NationalBasketballAssociation，也就是“全美篮球”。inarticulateɪnɑr’tɪkjələtadj不善表达的；说不清楚的这个词去掉否定前缀in-，就变成了：前面的-art-是词根“连接”的意思，art之所以有“艺术”的意思，指的就是“知识和技术的连接点”；而article之所以有“文章”的意思，就是“贯的整体”。的变体），同时又加上一个形容词后缀-ate组成的单词，这个词的字面意思是“连接的、连贯的”，尤其指的是一个人说话“妙语连珠、滔滔不绝”，也就是“表达的”。比如说：She’saveryarticulateyoungwoman.（她是一个口才很好的年轻女性。）这个词和cultivate作动词，可以表示“开垦”，也就是“培养一块地”。比如说：Shecultivatedasmallgardentogrowflowers.（她开垦了一小块地用来种花。）cultivate也可以表示“培养一个人的某方面素质”，比如说：Oneshouldcultivategoodmannersfromchildhood.（一个人应该从小就培养礼节。）admirationædmə’reɪʃ(ə)nn钦佩；赞赏赏”的意思。比如说：Iadmireyourcourage.（我钦佩你的勇气。）或者说：Westoodforafewmomentstoadmiretheviews.（我们驻足了一会儿，去欣赏美丽的风景。）这个词从读音上和（）很像，我们可以把fierce想成“力量很大的”，也就是形容词“凶猛的、猛烈的”。比如说fiercewind（狂风）,fierceattack（猛烈的）等等。utilitarianjʊ,tɪlɪ’teərɪənadj功利的；功利主义的；实用主义的[utilizeutuse（使用）ust-s的通假。和单纯的use（使用）相比，utilize更强调的“使……有用”，更突出一种“把资源合理利calc是“石灰石”的意思，石灰石的小石头是早期人们写字、算数非常常用的工具，现在英文叫做chalk，也和calc有关。calculus作名词，指的是“用石灰石计算”，后来变成了名词“运算、演算”的意思，这个词也可以代比如说：Ithasbeencalculatedthatatleast70,000jobswerelostlastyear.（据计算，去年至少7万人失业。）stick（棍子）相关，早期指的是插在地上用来捆牲口或者固定东西的“木桩”，比如说：Hisarmsweretiedtoawoodenstake.（他的双手被绑在了一个木桩上。）stake后来延伸出了一些抽象的意思，比如说，stake作名词可以表示“利害关系”，指的就是和“一个人在一起、关乎个人安危的事”。比如说：Shehasaalstakeinthesuccessofthey.（这出戏是否能成功和她本人有着利害关系。）或者说：Manyyoungpeoplenolongerfeeltheyhaveastakeinsociety.（很多年轻人都不再觉得他们跟社会之间存在着利害关系了。）说：Theyareyingcardsforhighstakes.（他们正在打，而且赌注很高。）a20%stakeinthe.（他在这家公司持有20%的。）involve这个单词，字面意思是“转进去”，作动词也就是“卷入、牵涉”的意思。比如说：Don’tinvolveyourselfinunnecessarydispute.（自己卷入无谓的纠纷当中。）或者说：Anyinvestmentinvolvesanelementofrisk.（任何投资都涉及到一定风险。）shallowdeep（深的）是一对反义词，可以表示“浅的”，比如说：Thewaterhereisverythinkheisshallow,vainanduntrustworthy.（我认为他浅薄、虚荣、不可信。）质”。比如说：Shefeltanundeniablecharmemanatingfromhim.（她觉得这个身上散发出require作动词，表示“寻求某种东西”，作动词是“需要、要求”的意思。比如说：Thesepetsrequirealotofcareandattention.（这些宠物需要悉心照顾。）或者说：Alltheapplicantsarerequiredtotakeashorttest.（所有申请人都被要求参加一次小测验。）acquire[ə’kwaɪr]vt.获得；取得如果你require和acquire这两个单词分不清楚，我们可以通过一句话来作区分：Toacquireknowledgerequirespatienceandhardwork.（为了获得知识，需要耐心和努力。）humble作形容词，也可以表示一个人“出身卑微、低下”。比如说：Heisamanofhumble[,kɑnfrən’teɪʃən]n.对抗；面对这个词很简单，前缀con-表示“共同”，中间的front是“面”，表达的是“双方共同走到彼此面前”，也就是“面对、对抗”的意思。比如说：Shewantedtoavoidanotherwithherfather.（她想避免和父亲再次对抗。）We'live↗inaso'cietythaten'couragesusto'thinkabout'how↗tohaveagreatca’reer语音：live↗inathaten'couragesusthat（th调）；to（下文全部标出，不再强调）；thinkaboutthaveagreatt不读。butleaves'manyofusinar'ticulateabout'how↗to'cultivatethe'inner语音：buttmanyofusinar'ticulateaboutttheinnerThecompe'titiontosuc'ceed↗and'winadmi'ration↗isso'fiercethatit es'all-语音：suc'ceed↗and连读+尾音d不读；isso连读；thatit连读+尾音t不读 Thecon'sumer'marketceencouragesustolivebyautili'tarianto'satisfyourde'sires↗/andlose'sightofthe'morals'takesin'volved↗ineverydayThe'noise↗offastand'shallowcommunications/makesit'hardertohearthe'quietersounds/that'emanatefromthe‘depths↘.We'live↗ina'culturethat'teachesustopro'moteand'advertiseourselvesandto'masterthe'skillsre'quiredfor语音：andn；re’quireddbutthatgives'little tohu'mility↗,'sympathy↗,and'honest confron'tation,whichare'necessaryforbuilding‘character↘.语音：thatten'couragementtotandn；whichare连读。We'live↗inaso'cietythaten'couragesusto'thinkabout'how↗toagreatca’reer/butleaves'manyofusinar'ticulateabout'how↗to'cultivatethe'innerlife↘.Thecompe'titiontosuc'ceed↗and'winadmi'ration↗isso'fiercethatit 'all-con'suming↘.Thecon'sumer'marketceencouragesustolivebyautili'tariancalculus,to'satisfyourde'sires↗/andlose'sightofthe'morals'takesin'volved↗ineverydayde'cisions↘.The'noise↗offastand'shallowcommunications/makesit'hardertohearthe'quietersounds/that'emanatefromthe‘depths↘.We'live↗a'culturethat'teachesustopro'moteand'advertiseourselves/andto'masterthe'skillsre'quiredforsuc'cess,butthatgives'littleen'couragementtohu'mility↗,'sympathy↗,and'honestself-confron'tation,whichare'necessaryforbuilding‘character↘.TheRoadtoCharacter(1)ByDavidBrooksWeliveina

(社会)thatencouragesustothinkabouthowtohaveagreatcareerbut(表达不清楚的)abouthowtocultivate )petitiontosucceedandwin (钦佩；赞赏)issofierce( )thatit esall-Theconsumermarketceencouragesustolivebya (功利的)calculus( ),tosatisfyourdesiresandlosesightofthemoralstakes( decisions.Thenoiseoffastand (肤浅的)communicationsmakesithardertohearthequietersoundsthat (散发出)fromthedepths.Weliveinaculturethatteachesustopromoteandadvertiseourselvesandtomastertheskillsd(需要；要求)forsuccess,butthatgiveslittleencouragement ),andhonest ),whicharenecessaryforbuildingTheRoadtoCharacter(1)ByDavidBrooksWeliveinasocietythatencouragesustothinkabouthowtohaveagreatcareerbutleavesmanyofusinarticulateabouthowtocultivatetheinnerlife.Thecompetitiontosucceedandwinadmirationissofiercethatit esall-consuming.Theconsumermarketceencouragesustolivebyautilitariancalculus,tosatisfyourdesiresandlosesightofthemoralstakesinvolvedineverydaydecisions.Thenoiseoffastandshallowcommunicationsmakesithardertohearthequietersoundsthatemanatefromthedepths.Weliveinaculturethatteachesustopromoteandadvertiseourselvesandtomastertheskillsrequiredforsuccess,butthatgiveslittleencouragementtohumility,sympathy,andhonest ,whicharene