初中英语中考解读 题型五短文填空

题型五短文填空1.短文填词的具体考查内容：(1)时态、语态(现在时/过去时/完成时；主动/被动)；(2)三大从句(定语从句/名词性从句/状语从句)的连接词that，which，when，where，who，what…；并列句的连接词and，but，however，while，or，otherwise，so…；(3)非谓语动词主要考查分词作定语(主动，被动)；分词作状语；不定式作状语；动名词作主语、宾语；(4)词性转换；(5)名词单复数；(6)冠词(a/an/the的区分)；(7)形容词和副词的比较级、最高级；(8)固定搭配。2.解题步骤：(1)略读全文，掌握大意。短文填词与完形填空一样，属于障碍性阅读，但它的难度比完形填空还要高，因为完形填空有四个备选答案，而短文填词没有提供备选答案，要求学生既能想得到答案，还要写得对单词。所以在解题时，先略读全文，对文章大意有所了解。(2)运用所学知识和技巧，逐项填空，先易后难。在完成上述步骤后，运用所学的知识与技巧，根据文章的大意，逐个填空。易的先填，难的做标记后填。绝对不能留空。(3)核对答案。全部题目完成后，再复读一遍，核查答案。①检查动词时，注意动词的时态、语态。②检查名词时，要注意其单复数。③检查形容词和副词时，要注意其三个级别。④检查习惯用语、固定搭配等是否符合语境。⑤检查上下文的连贯性，以及所填词是否符合逻辑。【典例剖析】(2020·黄石)在方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。(每空一词)Normanwasateacherofamiddleschool.Heenjoyedrunningforexercisearoundtheparkwhenhewasfree.kind

as

stand

about

loseremember

it

when

near

treatOneSundayafternoon，afterrunning__51__

usual，Normandecidedtogohomeandhavearest.Justthenhenoticedanoldlady__52__

bytheroad.Theoldladylookedaroundworriedly.Normanwentoverandaskedwhathecoulddoforher.Afterashorttalk，Normancametoknowthatsheforgotherwayhomeandgot__53__.Normancalledtheoldlady'ssonandthentookhertothe__54__

restaurant.kind

as

stand

about

loseremember

it

when

near

treatIntherestaurant，Normanorderedfoodforherpolitely.Whileeating，sometimesshecarelessly

sprinkled(撒)foodanddrinkonthetableandonhercoat.Othercustomers(顾客)feltdisgusted(厌恶)atthesight.ButNormandidn'tcare__55__

it.Hecleanedthetablefromtimetotimeinsilenceand__56__

tooktheoldladysometimetofinisheating.Afterthat，Normanpaidthebill.Theywerereadytoleave__57__

theoldlady'ssonarrived.HeheldNorman'shandandsaid，“Thankstoyourhelp，mymotherwas__58__

well.”kind

as

stand

about

loseremember

it

when

near

treat“You'rewelcome.Shemakesme__59__

mymomwholivesinthecountryside.Ijustdidwhatasonshoulddo.”saidNormanwithasmile.Allthecustomersaroundweremovedbyhis__60__

andshowedrespecttohim.kind

as

stand

about

loseremember

it

when

near

treat剖析：51.考查固定搭配。asusual意为“像平常一样”。故答案为as。52.分析句子，本句主谓宾结构完整，考虑空处作后置定语的可能性，根据所给词判断用stand的现在分词形式standing，standingbytheroad“站在路边”符合语境。故答案为standing。53.由上文“sheforgotherwayhome”可知她走丢了。考查固定搭配getlost。故答案为lost。54.分析句子结构可知这里应该填形容词来修饰restaurant。分析句意和备选单词，只有near符合语境，根据空前的the可知这里要用near的最高级形式，表示“距离最近的”。故答案为nearest。55.根据上文“Othercustomersfeltdisgustedatthesight.”和表示句意转折的连词“But”可知推断这里指“但是诺曼先生一点都不在意。”本题考查固定搭配careabout，意为“在意”。故答案为about。56.本题考查固定句式“Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.”。it在句中作形式主语。故答案为it。57.空处前后均为完整句子，考虑缺的是连词，根据所给词判断本句为用when引导时间状语从句，意为“正当他们要离开的时候，老太太的儿子来了。”故答案为when。58.空后的副词well修饰动词，且空前有was，据此可以推测，本空要填动词的过去分词，和was一起构成被动语态。分析备选单词可知treat符合上下文。betreatedwell表示老人“被很好地对待”。故答案为treated。59.本句句意为“她让我________我住在农村的母亲。”分析句意和上下文可知这里应该填remember。makesb.dosth.意为“让某人做某事”。故答案为remember。60.本句句意为“周围所有的顾客都被他的________感动并且向他表示敬意。”由空前的his可知空处填名词，结合句意和备选单词，可知此处填kind的名词形式kindness。A(2020·四市联考)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Alongtimeago，afatherwasoldandsick.Hedidnothavemuchtimetolive，andhewanted1.____________(give)hissonsagoodlessonbeforehedied.Recently，henoticedthathissons2.____________(fight)amongthemselvesandseemedunabletoagreeonanything.Theoldmanfearedwhatwouldhappenafterhis3.____________(die).Hewasafraidthathissonswouldbegintoargue.“Theywilldisagreeabouteverything，”Hethought.“Soonthey4.____________(be)enemies，eachgoinghisowndirection.”togivewerefightingdeathwillbeHecalledhissonstogetherinhisroom.“Bring5.____________(I)abundle(束)ofstick，”heaskedhisservant(仆人).Soonenough，athickbundleofsticksarrived，tied6.____________(close)together.Onebyone，hegavethebundletoeachson，andaskedhimtobreakthebundle.Onesonafteranotherpulledandtwisted(拧)withallofhisstrength(力量)，7.____________thestickswouldnotbreak.Theoldmansmiledandorderedhisservanttountiethebundleofsticks.Hehandedonesticktoeachsonandsaid，“Nowbreakthestick.”mecloselybutOfcourse，thesinglestick8.____________(break)intwoeasily.Theoldfatherlookedat

hissons.“Doyouunderstandthislesson？”heasked.Eachson，beingintelligent，9.____________(understand)themeaningatonce.Alone，itiseasyforoneofthemtobeharmed.Buttogether，theyarestrongandcan'tbeharmedeven10.____________greatforces(势力).That'sthemeaningofthestickingtogether.Inunity，thereisgreatstrength.wasbrokenunderstoodbyB(2020·镇江)阅读下面短文，在空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。Amanhadagarden.Heplantedaroseandwateredit1.c____________.Beforetheroseblossomed(盛开)，henoticedmanythorns(刺)aroundthebud(花蕾)

andhethought,“2.H____________

cananybeautifulflowercomefromaplantwithsomanysharpthorns？”Becauseofthis3.i____________，helostinterestinthiskindofplant,thenhegaveupwateringtherose.Andjust4.b____________

itwasreadytoblossom，itdied.arefullyowdeaeforeGoodqualitiesarejustlikeroses.Thereisarosein5.e__________________

_____________

spirit.Thegoodqualitiesplantedinusatbirth，growamongthethorns—ourweaknesses.Manyofuslookat6.o____________

andweonlyseeourw