国际会计试题

国际会计试题

一、Definition(名词讲明:Eachofthefollowingfor3points,total12

points)

1.Foreignexchangeexposure夕卜汇风险

2.Forwardcontract期货契约远期合同

3.Anindirectforeigncurrencyquote间接夕卜汇报价

4.InternationalAccounting国际会计

二、Singlechoicequestion(单项选择题：Eachofthefollowingquest

ionfor2points,total10points)

1.Whichofthefollowingisnotanenvironmentalfactoraffectingac

counting?以下哪一个不是环境因素阻碍会计吗？

A.Levelofenforcementofregulations

B.Natureofcapitalmarkets

C.Typeoflegalsystem

D.Language

E.Levelofinflation

2.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaffectacountry'sfinancialaccou

ntingorientation?下列哪项不阻碍一个国家的财务会计取向？

A.Thelevelofinflation.

B.Politicalandeconomictieswithothercountries.

C.Statusoftheaccountingprofession.

D.Qualityofaccountingeducation.

E.A11oftheaboveaffectacountry'sfinancialaccountingorientation.

3.Currentproponentsofharmonizingaccountingstandardsgloballyar

e目前全球和谐的支持者会计准则

A.Investors.

B.Multinationalcompanies.

C.Thesecuritiesindustryandstockexchanges.

D.Developingcountries.

E.A11oftheabove.

4.Thecurrencyinwhichtheparentcompanypreparesitsfinancials

tatementsisthe货币的母公司8的财务报表

A.basecurrency.

B.functionalcurrency.

C.historicalcurrency.

D.reportingcurrency.

E.Noneofthem

5.Underthemonetary/non-monetarymethodofforeigncurrencytrans

lation,depreciationexpenseistranslatedatthe:货币/非货币性方法下的外

币翻译、折旧费用是)：

A.Currentrate

B.Weightedaveragerate

C.Historicalrate

D.spotrate

E.Noneoftheabove

三、Multiplechoicequestions(多项选择题：Eachofthefollowingqu

estionfor3points,total15points)

1.MajorChallengesFacingAccountingGlobally会计所面临的挑战要

紧全球A.GlobalHarmonization

B.QualityofFinancialReportinginDevelopedandEmergingEconom

ics

C.SocialandEnvironmentalReporting

D.FinancialReportingintheHighTechnologyEra

E.ReviewofSelectedClassificationStudies

2.InteractionbetweenAccountinganditsEnvironmentmainlyinclud

esthefowllowingaspects:会计和它的环境的相互作用要紧体现在fowllowi

ng方面:

A.NatureofCapitalMarketsandTypeofReportingRegime

B.TypeofBusinessEntitiesandTypeofLegalSystem

C.LevelofEnforcementofRegulationsandLevelofInflation

D.PoliticalandEconomicTiesandStatusoftheAccountingProfessio

n

E.ExistenceofaConceptualFrameworkandQualityofAccounting

Education

VoluntarydisclosuresbyMNEsareinfluencedby通过主动批示受跨

国企业

A.size.

B.internationallistingstatus.

C.countryoforigin.

D.industry.

ELanguage

4.AdditionalIssuesinInternationalFinancialStatementAnalysisincl

udethefollowing:另外的咨询题，在国际财务报表分析如左：

AvailabilityofData

ReliabilityofData

TimelinessofData

Language,TerminologyandFormat

E.Noneofthem

5.Investorsareconcernedabout投资者关怀的是

A.up-to-datemeasurementsofearnings

B.lackofcomparabilityofMNEs

C.theinformationalcontentofMNEreports

D.Goodwill

ENoneofthem

四、Essayquestions(简答题：Eachofthefollowingquestionsfor8

points,total16points0)

1.Costconsiderationsandtheneedtotapcapitalprovidersinseveral

countriessometimesresultincpmaniespreparinguniversalratherthanco

untry-specificsecondarystatements.Ifyouwereanalyzingauniversalsec

ondarystatementofaforeigncompany,whatmightbesomeofyourcon

cernsbeforemakinganinvestmentdecision?Howwouldyougettheans

wersyouneed?成本的考虑和需要去利用资本提供者inseveral国家在某个

时候导致cpmanies预备普遍而不是国家二级报表。假如你是一个普遍的次

要的陈述分析外资公司，可能是一些你的担忧之后方可投资决定吗?你如何

得到答案,你需要什么？

2.WhatistheRoleofFinancialReportinginEmergingCapitalMar

kets?的角色是什么新兴资本市场财务报告吗？

五、InternationalAccountingPractices(国际会计实务:Totalfor12p

oints)

Latechoc(Switzerland)companybeganitsfirstyearofbusinessonJ

an1,2008.Belowisthecompany'sstatementofincomefortheyear.La

techoc(瑞士)公司开始了它的第一次多年的经营在今年1月1日起,。以下是

该公司的声明的生活一年。

Latechoc

Statementofincome(inmillionsofSwissfrancs)

YearendDecember31,2008

NetSales7,820

Costofgoodssold(4,000)

Selling,generalandadministrative(850)

Rent(400)

Advertising(150)

Equipmentdepreciation(1,250)

Interestexpense(90)

Utilities(30)

Federalincometaxes(65)

Netoperatingincome985

Assumethatequipmentwasacquiredatthebeginningoftheyearan

dthenetmonetarygainfortheyearwas480(inmillionsofSwissfranc

s).Whatisthecompany'sadjustedGPLAnetincomefortheyearendin

gDecember31,2008?假设设备是如此获得的:在今年年初，净货币的升幅，

一年480(数以百万计的瑞士法郎)。贵公司调整GPLA净收入止年度2008

年12月31日？

Whatisthecompay'sGPLA-basednetincomefortheyearending

December31,2008?什么是企业GPLA-based净收入止年度2008年12月3

1日？

六、Caseanalysis(案例分析题:Thissectionfor35points)

TechcorporateofUSAisamanufacturerofskatesshoreforenthusia

stsofallages.Durignthelastfiveyears,thecostofrawmaterialsandla

borhavecontinuedtoriseinthefirm'sU.Smanufacturingfacility.Asa

result,theCEOofTechcorporateisconsideringestablishinganewman

ufacturingsubsidiaryoverseastotakeadvantageoflowerproductioncosts

elsewhere.InvestmentadvisorstotheCEOhavesuggestedMalaysiaand

Thailandastwopossiblelocations.Belowisthesubsidiary'sexpecteda

fter-taxcashflowswillbeinringgitsorbath,thecompanyanticipatesso

meU.Sdollar-denominatedexpenses.美国的科技公司是一家专业生产的冰

鞋古堡区和爱好者的青睐。过去的五年里,Durign原材料的价格连续增加与

劳动在公司的你S制造点。因此,该公司的首席执行官的高科技公司正在考

虑建立新的生产子公司海外利用降低生产成本的地点。投资顾咨询向总裁,

马来西亚和泰国的建议可能有两种不同的地点。以下是该子公司的税后现

金流量预期将在ringgits或浴，公司期望有些看.S美元的费用。

BladesMalaysiainmillions20032004200520062007

MRcashinflows3500400055004800

MRcashoutflows1500020009007001000

US$cashoutflows20015012575

BladesThailandinmillions20032004200520062007

TBcashflows25000225002300024800

TBcashoutflows350002000220019003000

US$cashoutflows125175200none

Additionalinformation:

Exchangeratesfor2003are3.8Malaysianringgit(MR)=US$1and3

9.5Thaibath(TB)=US$1.ItisexpectedthattheMalaysianringgitwilld

epreciate3percentayearagainstthedollarandtheThaibathwillappre

ciate4percentayearagainstthedollar.Techcorporate?saveragecostof

capitalforbothprojectsis12%.The12%ofPresentvaluefactor:

20032004200520062007

I.0000.89290.79720.71180.6355

Requirements:

Determinethenetpresentvalueofbothprojects确定净现值两者的项

目

IfyouwereTechcorporate'sinvestmentadvisor,whichlacationwou

Idchoosefornewsubsidiary?Why?假如你是科技企业投资顾咨询,为新子

公司地理位置会选择吗?什么缘故？

国际会计试卷3答案及评分标准

一、Definition(名词讲明:Eachofthefollowingfor3points,total12

points)

1.Foreignexchangeexposure:Foreignexchangeexposureisameasur

eofthepotentialforafirm'sprofitability,cashflow,andmartketvalue

tochangeduetoachangeinexchangerates.

2.Forwardcontractisacommitmenttoexchangecurrenciesinthefut

ureataratethatissettoday.Whiletheamountofthetransaction,the

maturitydate,andtheexchangeratearealldeterminedinadvance,nom

oneychangeshandsuntilthesettlementdate.

3.Anindirectforeigncurrencyquote:Anindirectforeigncurrency

quoterepresentshowmuchoftheforeigncurrencycanbepurchasedfor

oneunitofthedomesticcurrency.

4.InternationalAccountingThedefinitionincludes(1)internationaltra

nsactions(2)comparativeGAAP(3)harmonizationand(4)controlofgio

baloperations.Internationalaccountingencompassesallmajorareasofac

counting

二、Singlechoicequestion(单项选择题:Eachofthefollowingquest

ionfor2points,total10points)

l.D2.E3.E4.D5.C

三、Multiplechoicequestions(多项选择题：Eachofthefollowingqu

estionfor3points,total15points)

l.ABCD2.ABCDE3.ABCD4.ABCD5.ABC

四、Essayquestions(简答题：Eachofthefollowingquestionfor8p

oints,total16points.)

1.Costconsiderationsandtheneedtotapcapitalprovidersinseveral

countriessometimesresultincpmaniespreparinguniversalratherthanco

untry-specificsecondarystatements.Ifyouwereanalyzingauniversalsec

ondarystatementofaforeigncompany,whatmightbesomeofyourcon

cernsbeforemakinganinvestmentdecision?Howwouldyougettheans

wersyouneed?

2.WhatistheRoleofFinancialReportinginEmergingCapitalMar

kets?(l).BeforeECMcanfunctioneffectively,itisessentialtohaveinp

laceasetofcorporatereportingpoliciesandproceduresgearedtowardss

upplyingtheinformationnecessaryformakinginvestmentdecisions.Acco

untinginformationisanessentialforbuildingefficientfinancialmarkets.

(2).Developinganeffectiveaccountingandauditingprofessionisess

entialforbuildingefficientfinancialmarkets.Theaccountingandlegalinf

rastructureunderlyinganECMwasamajorfactorforevaluatingtheinve

stmentpotentialofthemarket.

(3).Financialreportingiscentraltoregulationspertinenttoestablish!

nganactivemarketforcorporatesecurities.

五、InternationalAccountingPractices(国际会计实务：Totalfor12p

oints)

Latechoc(Switzerland):

HistoricalAdjustmentP-L-A

CostRatio

Basis

NetSales7,820108/1058,043

Costofgoodssold(4,000)108/105(4,

114)

Selling,generalandadministrative(850)108/105

(874)

Rent(400)108/105

(411)

Advertising(150)108/105(15

4)

Equipmentdepreciation(1,250)108/100(1,350)

Interestexpense(90)108/105

(93)

Utilities(30)108/105

(31)

Federalincometaxes(65)108/105

(67)

Netoperatingincome985949

Add:Netmonetarygain480

P-L-Anetincome1,429

六、Caseanalysis(案例分析题:Thissectionfor35points)

SolutionforcaseanalysisTechcorporate

1.BladesMalaysianetpresentvalue(Ringersinmillionsof$):

2003200420052006

2007

NetMRcashflow(15,000)1,5003,1004,800

3,800

FixedrateMR/$3.83.9144.0314.152

4.277

Dollarvalue(3,947)3837691,156

888

Less$outflows(200)(150)(125)

(75)

Net$flows(3,947)1836191,031

813

12%Pvfacto1.000.8929.7972.7118

6355

PVof$flow(3,947)163493734

517

ProjectNPV=$(2,040)

BladesThailandnetpresentvalue(ThaiBathinmillionsof$):

2003200420052006

2007

NetTBcashflow(35,000)23,00020,30021,100

21,800

FixedrateTB/$39.537.9236.40334.947

33.549

Dollarvalue(886)607558604

650

Less$outflows(125)(175)(200)

Net$flows(886)482383404

650

12%Pvfactor1.000.8929.7972.7118

.6355

PVof$flow(886)430305288

413

ProjectNPV=$550

2.AsTechCorporation?sinvestmentadvisor,youshouldchoosethe

Thailandlocationsinceithasapositivenetpresentvalue.

国际会计试卷4

QUESTION1(20Marks)

Inthe13thand14thcenturies,double-entrybookkeepingspreadrapid

lythroughoutthewesternworld.Whatsocial,economicandpoliticalcondi

tionswerenecessaryforwidespreadadoptionofdouble-entrybookkeeping

tooccuratthattime?Howisthisanexampleoftheinternationalisation

ofaccounting?公元13、14世纪,双式簿记整个西方世界迅速传播开来什麽

样的社会、经济和政治条件是必需的,为了广泛的采纳双式簿记发生吗？这

是如何样的一个实例的国际化的会计吗？

Necessaryconditions(16markstotal):-Rapidgrowthoftradeand

commerce

ThosetravellingtotheHolyLandforthecrusadesfromWesternEur

opeinevitablypassedthroughthecitystatesofNorthernItaly.

Genoawasatthepeakofitspowerandinfluenceasatradingcentr

einthe14thcentury.

In1252,thegoldcoinknownastheflorinwasdevelopedinFlorenc

eanditbecameacceptedasthestandardgoldpieceinallofWesternEu

rope.

AroundthistimeinFlorence,largeassociationsorcompagnie(partne

rships)wereformedtopoolcapital,firstfrominsidefamilygroupsthenf

romoutside.

CommuneofGenoa(Government)in1327requiredthatgovernment

accountshadtobekeptinsameformasusedbybanks.

Thisisanexampleofinternationalisationofaccounting(4marks)be

causeitshowsthegrowthoflargerscalebusinessesdependentonforeign

ersforsalesandcapital.Accountingemergedasaresponsetothedema

ndforinformationandtherequirementtobeaccountable.

Inadditiontothis,theaccountingpracticesofFlorenceandGenoala

terweretransportedtoEnglandwheretheyreplacedthepreviousmanorial

systemofaccounting.Thisshowshowmoreeffectiveaccountingtechni

quesflowacrossnationalboundaries.

QUESTION2(5+5+5+5=20Marks)

Answerfour(4)ofthefollowing:

Towhatextentisthestrong/weakequitymarketdistinctionauseful

waytoidentifydifferentpatternsofaccountingdevelopment.多大程度上属

于强大的/疲软股票市场的区不一个有用的方法来确定不同类型的会计的进

展。

-Strongequityreferstothedominantpositionofoutsideequity-hold

ersandthestronglegalbackingaimedatinvestorprotection.Weakequit

yreferstothedominantpositionofbanksandfamilyequity-holdingsas

capitalproviders,andthelegalstructurewhichisdesignedtosafeguardt

heinterestsofcreditors.

,Nobesestablishesthisclassdistinctioninadeductiveclassificati

onapproach.SeeFigure3.2ofRadebaughandGray(2002).

,ThestrongmarketisUSGAAPandtheweakmarketistheI

ASGAAP.

,USGAAPisapowerfulfactorbecausetheUScapitalmarket

isverylarge.

,IASGAAPisusedinEuropeanddevelopingcountries.

,AttheoutsettheIASreflectedadistinctEuropeanapproachwi

thanemphasisoncurrentvalueaccounting,butbothUSandIASregulat

orsaretryingtoharmonizeandthedistinctionskeepgettingsmallerbetw

eenthetwoGAAPS

,Theincreasingglobalizationoffinancialmarketsalsoreducesth

edistinctions.

B.Doculturalinfluencesimpactmoresignificantlyuponfinancialrep

ortingdisclosureissuesoruponmeasurementissues?Discusswithexamp

les.做更重要的文化阻碍的阻碍在财务报告信息披露咨询题或对测量的咨询

题吗?讨论了举例讲明。

Adistinctionwasmadebetweenmeasurementanddisclosurepractices

becausethesewereconsideredtohaveseparatepatternsofdevelopmenti

ntheNairandFrank(1980)study(referredtoinRadebaughandGray,2

002,pp.39-41).Theyshowedcleardifferencesintheresultsbetweenth

etwocriteria.However,measurementgroupingscouldbemadewithpla

usibleexplanations;butthedisclosuregroupingsofferednoplausibledescr

iptionsorexplanations.TheDisclosurecountrygroupings,basedonthe

1975PriceWaterhousesurvey,wereBritishCommonwealthModel,Latin

American/SouthAmericanModel,NorthernandCentralEuropeanModel,

UnitedStatesModel,andan“Other"categorywhichincludedonlyCh

ile.

TherewereseveralreliabilityandrelevanceproblemsrelatedtotheP

riceWaterhousesurveydatausedbyNairandFrank(1980).Theseprobl

emsincludeddataerrors,misleadinganswers,swampingofimportantques

tionsbytrivialones,andexaggerationofdifferencesbetweentheUSand

theUK.Therewasalsoconfusiononthesurveybetweenwhatconstitu

tedrules(mandatoryandnon-mandatory)andtheactualpractices,which

areoftendifferent.

C.Doescultureexplaintoasignificantdegreetherelativeimportance

ofstockexchangesandprofessionalaccountingassociationsaroundthew

orld?Discusswithexamples.文化是在专门大程度上讲明的相对重要性证

券交易所进行，世界各地的专业会计师协会吗?讨论了举例讲明。

Hofstede(1980)arguesthatcultureimpactsoninstitutionsandorgani

zationaswellasoccupationalgroups.Accordingly,thereisaplausibleli

nkbetweentheAngloculture,forexample,andapreferenceforstockex

changesandprofessionalassociationincontrasttotheGermanicandLati

ncultures.Highindividualism,lowuncertaintyavoidance,andlowpowe

rdistancewouldseemespeciallyrelevanthere.TheanswertoQuestion

3PartCisalsorelevanthere.

Wheredoesyourcountryfitintermsofthefollowingkeycharacteri

stiesofaccountingpractice:uprofessionalism/statutorycontrolv,“unifor

mity/flexibilityvwconservatism/optimismv,and“secrecy/transparency”?

Explain.什么地点您的国家适应下列条款会计核算的最要紧特点:专业/法

定操纵”、“一致性/弹性”、“保守主义/乐观”、“保密/透亮度”吗?讲明。

AccordingtoGray's(1988)classificationscheme,discussedinRade

baughandGray(2002,pp.45-48),Professionalismversusstatutorycontro

1relatestotheextenttowhichaccountantsusetheirprofessionaljudgeme

ntsandadoptindependenceattitudes.Uniformityversusflexibilityrefers

topreferenceforcomparabilityofaccountsacrosscompaniesandacrossti

meversuspreferenceforflexibilitybasedonanindividualcompany'scir

cumstances.Conservatismversusoptimismreferstopreferenceforacaut

iousapproachtoassetandprofitvaluationversuspreferenceforanoptim

isticapproach.Secrecyversustransparencyreferstopreferenceforconfi

dentialityindisclosureofbusinessdataversuspreferenceforinformation

disclosure.

Accountingvaluesmostrelevanttotheauthorityandenforcementasp

ectsofaccountingsystemsseemtobetheprofessionalismanduniformity

values.Gray's(1988)proposedclassificationofcountriesbyculturalare

aisverysubjectiveandusestheanalysescarriedoutbyHofstede(1980)-

-notdatarelatedtoaccountingpractices.

Ifthestudent'sclassificationoftheircountryiswellargued,andth

eirclassificationappearslogical,theycanbeawardedhighmarks.Figure

s3.4and3.5inRadebaughandGray(2002,pp.50-51)canbeusedto

evaluatethis.

EWhatwastheNorwalkAgreementof2002andwhatareitsimpl

icationsforaccountingstandard-settingworldwideandconvergenceissues?

什么是诺沃克协议是什么2002年的阻碍全球会计标准收敛咨询题？

TheNorwalkAgreementwasanin-principlecommitmentagreedupon

bytheInternationalAccountingStandardsBoardandtheFinancialAccou

ntingStandardsBoardtooveraperiodoftimeworktowardsconvergence

oftheirtwosetsofstandardsandtoaimtowardsconvergenceonanyp

roposednewrules.ItcanbecontrastedwiththedecisionsofAustraliaa

ndtheEuropeanUniontoadoptwholesalethefullsetofIASBstandards

astheirownsetofnationalstandards.

QUESTION3(5+5+5+5=20Marks)

Answerfour(4)ofthefollowing:

A.TowhatextentareinformationdisclosuresbyMNEsindirectors,

annualreports,asopposedtothefinancialstatements,likelytobeuseful

tofinancialanalystsandinvestors?到什么程度在跨国公司的信息披露董事

年度报告，相关于财务报表，可能有用金融分析师和投资者？

Theinformationdisclosuresindirectors'annualreportshelpinvestors

andotheruserstobetterunderstandthenatureandtheeffectsoftheact

ivitiesofMNEsandtobetterassessperformanceandfutureprospects.T

heinformationinthedirectors'reportoftenprovidesanevaluationofthe

qualityofearningsandfinancialposition,bothcurrentandprospective,a

sopposedtothequantitativeinformationfoundinthefinancialstatement

s.Thedirectors'reportalsogivesmanagementanopportunitytocommu

nicatemorepolicyandfuture-orientedinformationaboutthecorporationt

oinvestorsandanalysts.

B.WhataresomeofthepotentialcostsandbenefitstoMNEsofma

kingadditionalvoluntaryinformationdisclosures?有什么样的潜在成本和利

益,使更多的跨国企业自愿信息披露？

ThecoststoMNEsofmakingadditionalinformationdisclosuresincl

udethedirectcostsofassemblingandreportingtheinformationandthe

costsassociatedwithcompetitivedisadvantage—especiallytheneedtomain

tainbusinessconfidentialityinsensitiveareas.Thebenefitsincludethei

nterestsofanalysts,investors,andthepublicinthetransparencyofmulti

nationaloperations.Theadditionalinformationdisclosuresmayinfluence

moreinvestorsandaffectthecorporation'ssharepricesormayleadtom

oreadvantageousfinancingarrangementswithcreditors.

C.Inwhichcountriesarestockexchangedisclosureregulationsmore

stringent?Inwhichcountriesaretheylessstringent?Whataresomelike

lyreasonsforthis?在这两个国家是股票交易信息披露规则更严格的吗？在

这两个国家他们不那么严格的吗?有些可能缘故是什么？

TheUnitedStateshasthemoststringentdisclosureregulationsinthe

worldfollowedbyCanadaandtheU.K.Attheotherendofthespectr

umisSwitzerlandwithitsregulationfor“secrecy“andanumberofe

mergingeconomies.Thereareanumberofreasonsforthesedifferences

butthemostimportantwouldseemtobethesizeandstageofdevelopm

entofthestockexchangecoupledwithculturalattitudestothedisclosure

ofinformationtooutsidersorexternalgroups.Ifthestudentreferstoo

thercountriesotherthanthoselistedhere,makesuretheansweriswell

arguedandlogical.

D.Whyisinformationconcerningfutureprospectslikelytobeimport

anttoanalystsandinvestors?WhymightMNEsnotbewillingtodisclo

sesuchinformation?什么缘故有关以后前景可能是专门重要的分析师和投

资者?跨国公司为何会不情愿披露的信息吗？

Financialanalystsandinvestorsareoftenprimarilyinterestedinthef

utureprospectsofacorporation.Therefore,anyadditionalinformationrel

evanttofutureprospectswouldbeofgreatinteresttofinancialanalystsa

ndinvestorssincedirectorsareusuallyinagoodpositiontoprovideinsi

ghtintofutureprospects.Corporationsareconstrainedonprovidingsuch

voluntarydisclosuresbycompetitiveconcerns.Quantitativefuture-oriente

dinformationisverysensitivefromacompetitivedisadvantageperspectiv

e.Inadditiontothis,itisnotaudited.Therefore,thenatureandextent

ofinformationconcerningfutureprospectsisoftengeneralandverylimi

ted.

ERecently,theInternationalAccountingStandardsBoardaskedthest

andard-settingbodiesofSouthAfrica,Canada,AustraliaandNorwaytow

orktogethertodevelopanIASBaccountingstandardfortheextractivein

dustries.Whatdoyouthinkofsuchamove?Whydoyouthinkthese

fourcountrieswereselected?最近，国际会计准则委员会要求标准的尸体，

南非,加拿大，澳大利亚和挪威一起工作来开发一个IASB萃取会计准则行

业。你觉得如此的交易吗?你什么缘故认为这四个国家被选择？

Thesefourcountrieswereselectedbecauseallarebigminingcountri

esandmostoftheworld'slargestminingcompaniesaredomiciledinth

eselocations(e.g.,PlacerDomeinCanadaandBHPBillitonandRioTin

toinAustralia).Anadditionalreasonisthatallfourofthesecountries

havealonghistoryofaccountingstandard-settingandhaveanaccumulate

dbodyofaccountingexpertiseandknowledgeresidentinthecountry.

Thestudentmightarguethatthisisagoodmovebecauseitallowst

heknowledgeandskillsofnationalaccountingstandard-setterstobepool

ed(andsoabetteraccountingstandardmighteventuate),anditshowsth

eIASB'swillingnesstomakeuseofexpertisewhereveritmaybesituat

edaroundtheworld.ItalsoreflectstheIASB'smaintainedpositiontha

tcountriesandentitiesmostdirectlyaffectedbyanaccountingruleshoul

dbeabletohaveaninputintoitsformulation.

QUESTION4(5+5+5+5=20Marks)

Answerfour(4)ofthefollowing:

A.DiscussthewaysinwhichtheEuropeanUnionmightbecomeinvo

Ivedinthefutureintheinternationalaccountingstandardsettingprocess.

讨论的方式,其中的欧盟可能卷入了以后的国际会计准则制定过程。

ThescopeoftheEU'saccountingDirectivesislimitedtothememb

erstates,thoughtheirinfluencegoesbeyondtoSwitzerlandandtocountr

ieswishingtojoinsuchasHungaryandMalta.Itisunlikelythatthere

willbeanynewDirectivesoramendmentsfortheforeseeablefuture.Th

eEuropeanAccountingAdvisoryForumisthustheprimemeansbywhic

hchangeswillbebroughtaboutattheEUlevel.TheEUalsoseemsto

haveacceptedtheauthorityoftheIASBastheappropriatebodytoset

globalstandardsinthefuture.Atthesametime,theEUappearsconcer

nedtoinfluencefuturedevelopmentsthroughitsrepresentationattheIAS

BandIOSCO,andtoprotectEuropeaninterestsandaccountingtraditions.

TheEUhasalsobeenattheforefrontofreleasingpolicydocumentsre

latingtoenvironmentalandsocialaccounting.

B.OutlinethemajorperceivedadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheI

OSCOendorsementofIASBstandards.认为要紧大纲的优缺点IASB)的支

持国际标准。

ThemissionoftheIOSCOistheglobalcoordinationofstockexcha

ngerulestofacilitatemulti-listingandcross-bordercapitalraisingbyMN

Esandencourageinternationalsecuritiestrading.WhatIOSCOsupportd

oesfortheIASBistogiveaddedauthoritytoitsstatusasthebodyresp

onsibleforaccountingstandard-settingonaworldwidebasis.But,morei

mportantly,itprovidesalikelymeansofenforcementofitsstandardsas

nationalsecuritiesagencies(e.g.,ASICinAustralia)havethepowertore

quiresuchstandardstobefollowedforstockexchangelistingpurposes.

C.Shouldinternationalaccountingstandardsbesetfortheworldorb

erestrictedtoMNEsinterestedinraisingfinancefrominternationalinvest

ors?Discuss.应该国际会计准则是世界或限跨国企业提高金融感爱好国际

投资者?讨论。

Becausethisisanormativequestion,alternativeviewpointontheiss

uesarepermitted.Anywellreasonedandlogicalanswershouldbeawar

dedhighmarks.Notethatthereisnosinglecorrectansweronthisissu

e.

ShouldtheIASBhavetheauthoritytosetinternationalaccountingst

andardsorshouldthestandardsbetheoutcomeofamorecollaborative/c

onsultativeexercise?Discuss.假如国际会计准则理事会有权设定国际会计

准则依旧让这些标准的结局是一个更合作/协商锤炼吗?讨论。

Becausethisisanormativequestion,alternativeviewpointontheiss

uesarepermitted.