(完整版)c++机考题目加答案

1.实现一个大小固定的整型数据元素会合及其相应操作（元素的增添、删除；判断两个会合能否相等；判断一个数能否为会合中的元素；交集；并集)。会合中的元素；交集；并集)。P76.列#include<iostream.h>constmaxCard=16;enumErrCode{noErr,overflow};enumBool{False,True};classSet{intelems[maxCard];intcard;public:voidEmptySet(){card=0;}BoolMember(int);ErrCodeAddElem(int);voidRmvElem(int);voidCopy(Set*);BoolEqual(Set*);voidPrint();voidIntersect(Set*,Set*);ErrCodeUnion(Set*,Set*);};BoolSet::Member(intelem){for(inti=0;i<card;++i)if(elems[i]==elem)returnTrue;returnFalse;}ErrCodeSet::AddElem(intelem){if(Member(elem))returnnoErr;//会合中元素个数的最大值，默以为int型//错误代码//Bool种类定义//定义会合类//储存元素的数组//会合中元素的个数//判断一个数能否为会合中的元素//向会合中增添元素//删除会合中的元素//把目前会合拷贝到形参指针指向的会合中//判断两个会合能否相等//交集//并集if(card<maxCard){elems[card++]=elem;returnnoErr;}returnoverflow;}voidSet::RmvElem(intelem){for(inti=0;i<card;++i)if(elems[i]==elem){for(;i<card-1;++i)elems[i]=elems[i+1];--card;return;}}voidSet::Copy(Set*set){for(inti=0;i<card;++i)set->elems[i]=elems[i];set->card=card;}BoolSet::Equal(Set*set){if(card!=set->card)returnFalse;for(inti=0;i<card;++i)//判断目前会合的某元素是不是set所指会合中的元素if(!set->Member(elems[i]))returnFalse;returnTrue;}voidSet::Print(){cout<<"{";for(inti=0;i<card;++i)cout<<elems[i]<<";";cout<<"}\n";}voidSet::Intersect(Set*set,Set*res)〃 交集：*thisA*set->*res{res->card=0;for(inti=0;i<card;++i)for(intj=0;j<set->card;++j)if(elems[i]==set->elems[j]){res->elems[res->card++]=elems[i];break;}}ErrCodeSet::Union(Set*set,Set*res)〃 并集：*setU*this->*res{set->Copy(res);for(inti=0;i<card;++i)if(res->AddElem(elems[i])==overflow)returnoverflow;returnnoErr;}//下边是测试用的主程序voidmain(){Sets1,s2,s3;.EmptySet();.EmptySet();s3.EmptySet();s1.AddElem(10);s1.AddElem(20);s1.AddElem(30);s1.AddElem(40);s2.AddElem(30);s2.AddElem(50);s2.AddElem(10);s2.AddElem(60);cout<<"s1="; s1.Print();cout<<"s2="; s2.Print();s2.RmvElem(50);cout<<"s2-{50}=";s2.Print();if(s1.Member(20))cout<<"20isins1\n";s1.Intersect(&s2,&s3);cout<<"s1intsecs2=";s3.Print();s1.Union(&s2,&s3);cout<<"s1unions2=";s3.Print();if(!s1.Equal(&s2))cout<<"s1!=s2\n";}实现一个大小可变的整型数据元素会合，会合可储存的数据元素个数在对象结构时给定，由结构函数为数据元素分派存储空间，在对象被开释时由析构函数开释储存空间。//会合中元素个数的缺省最大值//会合中元素个数的缺省最大值//错误代码//Bool种类定义//元素的最大个数//储存元素的数组//会合中元素的个数constmaxCard=16;enumErrCode{noErr,overflow};enumBool{False,True};classSet{intsize;int*elems;intcard;public:Set(intsz=maxCard){card=0;size=sz;elems=newint[size];}~Set(){delete[]elems;}BoolMember(int);ErrCodeAddElem(int);voidRmvElem(int);voidCopy(Set*);BoolEqual(Set*);voidPrint();voidIntersect(Set*,Set*);ErrCodeUnion(Set*,Set*);};BoolSet::Member(intelem){for(inti=0;i<card;++i)if(elems[i]==elem)returnTrue;returnFalse;}ErrCodeSet::AddElem(intelem){if(Member(elem))returnnoErr;if(card<size){elems[card++]=elem;returnnoErr;}returnoverflow;}voidSet::RmvElem(intelem){for(inti=0;i<card;++i)if(elems[i]==elem){for(;i<card-1;++i)elems[i]=elems[i+1];--card;}}return;}voidSet::Copy(Set*set){if(set->size<size){delete[]set->elems;set->elems=newint[size];set->size=size;}for(inti=0;i<card;++i)set->elems[i]=elems[i];set->card=card;}BoolSet::Equal(Set*set){if(card!=set->card)returnFalse;for(inti=0;i<card;++i)if(!set->Member(elems[i]))returnFalse;returnTrue;}voidSet::Print(){cout<<"{";for(inti=0;i<card-1;++i)cout<<elems[i]<<";";if(card>0)cout<<elems[card-1];cout<<"}\n";voidSet::Intersect(Set*set,Set*res){if(res->size<size){delete[]res->elems;res->elems=newint[size];res->size=size;}res->card=0;for(inti=0;i<card;++i)for(intj=0;j<set->card;++j)if(elems[i]==set->elems[j]){res->elems[res->card++]=elems[i];break;}}ErrCodeSet::Union(Set*set,Set*res){if(res->size<size+set->size){delete[]res->elems;res->elems=newint[size+set->size];res->size=size+set->size;}set->Copy(res);for(inti=0;i<card;++i)if(res->AddElem(elems[i])==overflow)returnoverflow;returnnoErr;}voidmain(){Sets1,s2,s3;s1.AddElem(10);s1.AddElem(20);s1.AddElem(30);s1.AddElem(40);s2.AddElem(30);s2.AddElem(50);s2.AddElem(10);s2.AddElem(60);cout<<"s1="; s1.Print();cout<<"s2="; s2.Print();s2.RmvElem(50);cout<<"s2-{50}=";s2.Print();if(s1.Member(20))cout<<"20isins1\n";s1.Intersect(&s2,&s3);cout<<"s1intsecs2=";s3.Print();s1.Union(&s2,&s3);cout<<"s1unions2="; s3.Print();if(!s1.Equal(&s2))cout<<"s1!=s2\n";}设计一个学生类student，它拥有的私有数据成员是：注册号、姓名、数学成绩、英语成绩、计算机成绩；拥有的公有成员函数是：求三门课程总成绩的函数 sum()；求三门课均匀成绩 average()；显示学生数据信息的函数 print()；获得学生注册号的函数get_reg_num；设置学生数据信息的函数set_stu_inf()。P81。6编制主函数，说明一个student类对象的数组并进行全班学生信息的输入与设置，尔后求出每一个学生的总成绩、 均匀成绩、全班学生总成绩最高分、全班学生总均匀分，并在输入一个注册号后，输出该学生有关的所有数据信息。#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classStudent{private:intnum;charname[10];floatmath;floatenglish;floatcomputer;public:voidset_stu_inf(intn,char*ch,floatm,floate,floatc){num=n;strcpy(name,ch);math=m;english=e;computer=c;}floatsum(){return(math+english+computer);}floataverage(){return(math+english+computer)/3;}intget_reg_num(){returnnum;}voidprint(){cout<<"学号："<<num<<endl<<"姓名："<<name<<endl<<"数学："<<math<<endl<<"英语："<<english<<endl<<"计算机："<<computer<<endl<<"总分："<<sum()<<endl<<"均匀分："<<average()<<endl;};intmain()Studentstu[50];inti,q,a,z,x,max=0,aver=0;//i 为循环变量，q:学号；a:数学成绩;//z：英语成绩；x：计算机成绩intcount=0;//表示学生人数char*we=newchar[10];//输入学生信息for(;;)（若输入的学号为 0（若输入的学号为 0则表示退出)"<<endl;cin>>q>>we>>a>>z>>x;if(q==0)break;stu[count++].set_stu_inf(q,we,a,z,x);if(max>a+z+x);elsemax=a+z+x;aver+=(a+z+x);//输出所有学生信息cout<<"学生信息为："<<endl<<endl;for(i=0;i<count;i++){stu[i].print();cout<<endl;cout<<"全班学生总成绩最高分为"<<max<<endl<<"全班学生总均匀分为"<<aver/3<<endl<<endl;cout<<"请输入要查的学生的学号:"<<endl;cin>>q;for(i=0;i<count;i++){if(q==stu[i].get_reg_num()){cout<<"此学生信息为："<<endl;stu[i].print();break;}}if(i==count)cout<<"查无这人"<<endl;return0;}4.定义复数类complex，使用友元函数，达成复数的加法、减法、乘数运算，以及复数的输出。#include<iostream.h>classComplex{doublereal;doubleimage;public:Complex(doubler=0,doublei=0){real=r;image=i;}friendvoidinputcomplex(Complex&comp);friendComplexaddcomplex(Complex&c1,Complex&c2);}}friendComplexsubcomplex(Complex&c1,Complex&c2);friendComplexmulcomplex(Complex&c1,Complex&c2);friendvoidoutputcomplex(Complex&comp);};voidinputcomplex(Complex&comp){cin>>comp.real>>comp.image;}Complexaddcomplex(Complex&c1,Complex&c2){Complexc;c.real=c1.real+c2.real;c.image=c1.image+c2.image;returnc;}Complexsubcomplex(Complex&c1,Complex&c2){Complexc;c.real=c1.real-c2.real;c.image=c1.image-c2.image;returnc;}Complexmulcomplex(Complex&c1,Complex&c2){Complexc;c.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.image*c2.image;c.image=c1.real*c2.image+c1.image*c2.real;returnc;voidoutputcomplex(Complex&comp){cout<<"("<<comp.real<<","<<comp.image<<")";}voidmain(){Complexc1,c2,result;cout<<"请输入第一个复数的实部和虚部 :"<<endl;inputcomplex(c1);cout<<"请输入第二个复数的实部和虚部 :"<<endl;inputcomplex(c2);result=addcomplex(c1,c2);outputcomplex(c1);cout<<"+";outputcomplex(c2);cout<<"=";outputcomplex(result);cout<<"\n "<<endl;result=subcomplex(c1,c2);outputcomplex(c1);cout<<"-";outputcomplex(c2);cout<<"=";outputcomplex(result);cout<<"\n "<<endl;result=mulcomplex(c1,c2);outputcomplex(c1);cout<<"*";outputcomplex(c2);cout<<"=";outputcomplex(result);cout<<endl;5.某单位所有员工依据领取薪金的方式分为以下几类：时薪工( hourlyworker)、计件工(pieceworker)、经理(manager)、佣金工(commissionworker)。时薪工按工作的小时支付薪资，关于每周超出50小时的加班时间，依据附带50%薪资支付薪资。按生产的每件产品给计件工支付固定薪资，假定该工人仅制造一种产品。经理每周获得固定的薪资。佣金工每周获得少量的固定保底薪资，加上该工人在一周内总销售的固定百分比。试编制一个程序来实现该单位的所有员工类，并加以测试。P125#include<iostream.h>#include<string.h>classemployee //雇员类{protected:charname[10]; //姓名charemp_id[8]; //员工号doublesalary; //薪金数public:voidsetinfo(char*empname,intempsex,char*empid){strcpy(name,empname);strcpy(emp_id,empid);}voidgetinfo(char*empname,char*empid){strcpy(empname,name);strcpy(empid,emp_id);}doublegetsalary(){returnsalary;}};//设置雇员的基本信息//获得雇员的基本信息//获得所应得的总薪金数classhourlyworker:publicemployee//时薪工protected:inthours;doubleperhourpay;public:hourlyworker(){hours=0;perhourpay=15.6;}intgethours(){returnhours;}voidsethours(inth){hours=h;}doublegetperhourpay(){returnperhourpay;}voidsetperhourpay(doublepay){perhourpay=pay;}voidcomputepay(){if(hours<=40)//工作的小时数//每小时应得的酬劳//获得某人工作的小时数//设置某人工作的小时数//获得每小时应得的酬劳//设置每小时应得的酬劳//计算薪资salary=perhourpay*hours;elsesalary=perhourpay*40+(hours-40)*1.5*perhourpay;};classpieceworker:publicemployee{protected:intpieces;doubleperpiecepay;public:pieceworker(){pieces=0;perpiecepay=26.8;}intgetpieces(){returnpieces;}voidsetpieces(intp){pieces=p;}doublegetperpiecepay(){returnperpiecepay;}voidsetperpiecepay(doubleppp){perpiecepay=ppp;}voidcomputepay(){salary=pieces*perpiecepay;}};classmanager:publicemployee{public:voidsetsalary(doubles){salary=s;}};classcommissionworker:publicemployee{protected:doublebasesalary;doubletotal;//计件工//每周所生产的工件数//每个工件所应得的薪资数//设置生产的工件总数//经理类//设置经理的薪资数//佣金工类//保底薪资//一周内的总销售额doublepercent;//提成的额度public:commissionworker(){basesalary=500;total=0;percent=0.01;}doublegetbase(){returnbasesalary;}voidsetbase(doublebase){basesalary=base;}doublegettotal(){returntotal;}voidsettotal(doublet){total=t;}doublegetpercent(){returnpercent;}doublesetpercent(doublep){percent=p;}voidcomputepay(){salary=basesalary+total*percent;}};voidmain(){//小时工<<emp_id//小时工<<emp_idhourlyworkerhworker;hworker.setinfo("John",0,"001");hworker.sethours(65);hworker.getinfo(name,emp_id);putepay();cout<<"hourlyworker"<<name<<"'sidis:<<"andsalaryis:"<<hworker.getsalary()<<endl;pieceworkerpworker; //计件工pworker.setinfo("Mark",0,"002");pworker.setpieces(100);putepay();pworker.getinfo(name,emp_id);cout<<"pieceworker"<<name<<"'sidis:"<<emp_id<"andsalaryis:"<<pworker.getsalary()<<endl;commissionworkercworker; //佣金工cworker.settotal(234.6);cworker.setinfo("Jane",0,"003");putepay();cworker.getinfo(name,emp_id);cout<<"commissionworker"<<name<<"'sidis:"<<emp_id<"andsalaryis:"<<cworker.getsalary()<<endl;managermana;mana.setinfo("Mike",1,"004");mana.setsalary(3500);mana.getinfo(name,emp_id);cout<<"manager"<<name<<"'sidis:"<<emp_id<"andsalaryis:"<<mana.getsalary()<<endl;}6.考虑大学的学生状况，试利用单调继承来实现学生和毕业生两个类，设计有关的数据成员及函数，编写程序对继承状况进行测试。P133.11实P57提示：作为学生必定有学号、姓名、性别、学校名称及入学时间等基本信息，而毕业生除了这些信息外，还应有毕业时间、所获学位的信息，可依据这些内容设计类的数据成员，也可加入一些其余信息，除了设计对数据进行相应操作的成员函数外，还要考虑到成员种类、继承模式，并在main()函数中进行相应测试。可设计多种继承模式来测试继承的属性。#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classStudent//classStudent//定义基类Student{public: //公有函数成员Student(intn,char*na,intg):number(n),grade(g){strcpy(name,na);}intgetNumber(){returnnumber;}char*getName(){returnname;}intgetGrade(){returngrade;}"<<number<<endl"<<name<<endl"<<grade<<endl;//私有数据成员"<<number<<endl"<<name<<endl"<<grade<<endl;//私有数据成员//学号//姓名//年级学号：<<"姓名：<<"年级：cout<<}private:intnumber;charname[20];intgrade;};classGraduate:publicStudent{//定义毕业生类chardesignSubject[20];public:Graduate(intn,char*na,char*deSub,intg=4):Student(n,na,g){strcpy(designSubject,deSub);}voiddisplay(){Student::display();cout<<"设计题目："<<designSubject<<endl;}};intmain(){//创立对象Studentli(2,"LiMing",3);Graduatezhang(3,"ZhangGang","学生成绩管理系统");//显示对象的有关信息li.display();cout<<endl<<" "<<endl;zhang.display();return0;}.定义一个哺乳动物类，再由此派生出人类、狗类和猫类，这些类中均有 speak()函数，察看在调用过程中，究竟使用了哪一个类的speak()函数。P133. 12#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classAnimal{floatweight;public:voidspeak(){}voidsetWeight(floatwt){weight=wt;}floatgetWeight(){returnweight;}};classHuman:publicAnimal{public:voidspeak(){cout<<"说话"<<endl;}};classCat:publicAnimal{public:voidspeak(){cout<<"喵喵"<<endl;}};classDog:publicAnimal{public:voidspeak(){cout<<"汪汪"<<endl;}};intmain(){//定义三个对象Humanhm;Catcat;Dogdog;//调用不一样类的speak函数cout<<"人：";hm.speak();cout<<"猫：";cat.speak();cout<<"狗：";dog.speak();return0;}．设计一个能细分为矩形、三角形、圆形和椭圆形的图形类。使用继承将这些图形分类，找出能作为基类部分的共同特点(如宽、高、中心点等)和方法(如初始法、求面积等)，并看看这些图形可否进一步区分为子类。P133.10#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classFigure //定义基类图形类{public: //公有函数成员Figure(intwid){width=wid;}floatarea(){}intgetWidth(){returnwidth;}private: //私有数据成员intwidth; //宽度或半径};classRectangle:publicFigure{//定义矩形类intheight;public:Rectangle(intwid,inthei):Figure(wid){height=hei;}floatarea(){returngetWidth()*height;}};classTriangle:publicFigure{//定义三角形类intheight;public:Triangle(intwid,inthei):Figure(wid){height=hei;floatarea(){return1.0/2*getWidth()*height;}};classCircle:publicFigure{//定义圆类public:Circle(intwid):Figure(wid){}floatarea(){return3.14*getWidth()*getWidth();}};intmain(){Rectanglerect(5,4);Triangletri(5,4);Circlecir(5);cout<<"矩形的面积是："<<rect.area()<<endl<<"三角形的面积是："<<tri.area()<<endl<<"圆的面积是："<<cir.area()<<endl;return0;}eat9.设计一个基类animal和它的派生类 tiger、sheep，实现虚函数。eat提示：可自行定义这些类的成员变量，但 animal基类中应有动物性其余成员变量，但要说明每种动物的叫 soar()及吃()的成员函数，可用cout输出来表示。要求每个派生类生成两个对象，打乱序次存于一个数组中，而后用循环程序访问其叫与吃的成员函数，一定用到虚函数。P173.9#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classanimal{protected:charsex;public:virtualvoidsoar()=0;virtualvoideat()=0;};classtiger:publicanimal{public:tiger(chars='f'){sex=s;}voidsoar(){cout<<"tiger吼"<<endl;}voideat(){cout<<"tiger吃肉"<<endl;}};classsheep:publicanimal{public:sheep(chars='f'){sex=s;}voidsoar(){cout<<"sheep: 咩"<<endl;}voideat(){cout<<"sheep吃草"<<endl;}};intmain(){tigert1,t2;sheeps1,s2;animal*array[4]={&t1,&s1,&t2,&s2};for(inti=0;i<4;i++){array[i]->eat();array[i]->soar();}return0;}10.有三角形、正方形和圆形三种图形，求它们各自的面积。能够从中抽象出一个基类，在基类中申明一个虚函数，用来求面积，并利用单界面、多实现版本设计各个图形求面积的方法。P173.10#include<iostream>//抽象类的定义////抽象类的定义//三角形类classshape{public:virtualfloatarea()=0;};classtriangle:publicshape{protected:floath,w;public:triangle(floathh,floatww){h=hh;w=ww;}floatarea(){returnh*w*0.5;}};classrectangle:publictriangle//矩形类{public:rectangle(floath,floatw):triangle(h,w){}floatarea(){returnh*w;}};classcircle:publicshape //圆类{private:floatradius;floatradius;public:circle(floatr){radius=r;}floatarea(){returnradius*radius*3.14;}};intmain(){shape*s[4]; //指针数组s[0]=newtriangle(3,4);s[1]=newrectangle(2,4);s[2]=newcircle(5);cout<<"三角形、矩形和圆的面积分别为:"<<endl;for(inti=0;i<3;i++)cout<<s[i]->area()<<'\t';cout<<endl;假定距离以英里计kilometre中，假定假定距离以英里计kilometre中，假定.编写程序，计算汽车运转的时间，第一成立基类 car,此中含有数据成员 distance储存两点间的距离，算，速度为每小时80英里，使用虚函数travel_time()计算并显示经过这段距离的时间，在派生类距离以千米计算，速度为每小时120千米，使用函数travel_time()计算并显示经过这段距离的时间。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classcar{protected:doubledistance;public:ca