历年职称英语真题

2012年职称英语考试理工类A级试题及参考答案

第一部分：词汇选项(第1〜15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接

近的选项。

1.Heshiftedhispositionalittleinorderto(alleviate)thepaininhisle

g.

A.controlB.easyC.experienceD.suffer

2.Ouraimwasto(update)thehealthservice,andwesucceeded.

A.offerB.provideC.modernizeD.fund

3.Shemovesfromone(exotic)locationtoanother.

A.unusualB.familiarC.similarD.proper

4.Nothingwould(induce)metovoteforhimagain.

A.teachB.helpC.discourageD.attract

5.Thephotographs(evoked)strongmemoriesofourholidayinFrance.

A.refreshedB.storedC.blockedD.erased

6.Theweatherwas(crisp)andclearandyoucouldseethemountainsfiftymil

esaway.

A.hotB.heavyC.freshD.windy

7.Everyweekthemagazinepresentsthe(profile)ofawell-knownsportsperso

nality.

A.successB.descriptionC.evidenceD.plan

8.Hercommentsaboutmenare(utterly)ridiculouscompletely.

A.slightlyB.completelyC.partlyD.faintly

9.Thewallsaremadeof(hollow)concreteblocks.

A.bigB.emptyC.longD.now

10.Wealmost(raninto)aRolls-Roycethatpulledoutinfrontofuswithout

signaling.

A.overtookB.hitC.passedD.found

11.WhenIheardthenoiseinthenextroom,Icouldn'tresisthavinga(peep)

look.

A.chanceB.visitC.lookD.try

12.Hehasbeengranted(asylum)inFrance.

A.powerB.reliefC.protectionD.license

13.Hewas(weary)oftheconstantbattlebetweenthem.

A.fondB.tiredC.proudD.afraid

14.Newbornbabiescan(discriminate)betweenaman,sandawoman'svoice.

A.treatB.distinguishC.expressD.analyzes

15.Alltheflatsinthebuildinghadthesame（layout）arrangement.

A.colorB.sizeC.functionD.arrangement

答案：

alleviate-ease

update一modernize

exotic-unusual

induce一attract

evoked一refreshed

crisp一fresh

profile一description

utterly-completely

hollow-empty

raninto-hit

peep-look

asylum一protection

weary一tired

discriminate一distinguish

layout一arrangement

第二部分：阅读判断（第16〜22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提

供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文

中没有提及，请选择C。

Europa?sWateryUnderworld

Europa,oneofJupiter's63knownmoons,looksbrightandicyonthesurf

ace.Butappearancescanbedeceiving:Mileswithinitscracked,frigidshell,

Europaprobablyhidesgiantpoolsofliquidwater.Wherescientistsfindliq

uidwater,theyhopetofindlifeaswell.

Sincewecan'tgodivingintoEuropa,sdepthsjustyet,scientistsinste

adhavetoinvestigatethemoon'ssurfaceforcluestowhatliesbeneath.In

anewstudy,scientistsinvestigatedonegroupofstrangeicepatternsonEur

opaandconcludedthattheformationsmarkthetopofanundergroundpooltha

tholdsasmuchwaterastheU・S.GreatLakes.

PicturesofEuropa,whichisslightlysmallerthanEarth'smoon,clearly

showatangled（错综复杂的），icymishmash（混合物）oflinesandcracksknowna

s"chaosterrains.（混乱土也形）"Thesechaoticplacescovermorethanhalfof

Europa.Formorethan10years,scientistshavewonderedwhatcausesthefor

mations.Thenewstudysuggeststhattheyarisefromthemixingofvastunder

groundstoresofliquidwaterwithicymaterialnearthesurface.

ForscientistswhosuspectthatEuropaalsomaybehidinglifebeneathit

sicysurface,thenewsaboutthenewlakeisexciting.

“Itwouldbegreatiftheselakesharboredlife,“BritneySchmidt,apla

netaryscientistwhoworkedonthestudy,toldScienceNews."Butevenifthe

ydidn't,theysaythatEuropaisdoingsomethinginterestingandactiverigh

tnow.n

Schmidt,ascientistattheUniversityofTexasatAustin,andhercollea

gueswantedtoknowhowchaosterrainsform.Sincetheycouldn,trockettoEu

ropatoseeforthemselves,theysearchedforsimilarformationshereonEart

h.TheystudiedcollapsediceshelvesinAntarcticaandicycapsonvolcanoes

inIceland.ThosefeaturesonEarthformedwhenliquidwatermixedwithice.

ThescientistsnowsuspectsomethingsimilarmightbehappeningonEuropa:t

hataswaterandiceofdifferenttemperaturesmingleandshift,thesurface

fractures.Thiswouldexplainthejumbled（?昆舌L的）icesculptures.

uFracturingcatastrophically（灾难性的）disruptstheiceinthesameway

thatitcausesiceshelvestocollapseonEarth,“SchmidttoldScienceNews.

Sheandherteamfoundthattheprocesscouldbecausingchaosterrainstofo

rmquicklyonEuropa.

Thenewstudysuggeststhatonthismoon,elementssuchasoxygenfromth

esurfaceblendwiththedeepbodiesofwater.Thatmixturemaycreateanenv

ironmentthatsupportslife.

16.TheliquidwaterofanundergroundpoolofEuropaisestimatedxxxxxoft

heUSGreatlakes.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmention

17.ThestrangeicepatternsonEuropaareformedasaresultofaxxxxxunde

rgroundwaterpool.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmention

18.EuropaisthemostrecentlydiscoveredoneamongJupiter's

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmention

19.ThesizeofEuropaisabitlargerthanthatofEarth,smoon.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmention

20.SchmidtandhercolleaguesarethefirstgroupofscientistsxxxxxEurop

a.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmention

21.TheformationsonEuropa?ssurfaceareratheruniqueinthe

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmention

22.Theexistenceofliquidwaterisanecessityforalife-support

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmention

【答案】：ABCBBBA

第三部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23〜30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落

每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最

佳选项。

LearnaboutNobleGases（惰性气体）

1.Haveyoueverriddenonaballoon?Manytouristspotsofferballoonrides

inorderforpeopletoseethebeautyofaplacefromabove.Aballooncontai

nsanoblegascalledhelium.Formerly,balloonscontainedhydrogenbuthydro

genisveryflammableanddangerouswhenuncontrolled.Therefore,peopleshif

tedtohelium,whichissafer.Heliumissafebecauseithasthepropertieso

fthenoblegases.

2.Peopleoncebelievedthatnoblegasescouldn,tchemicallyreactatall.Fo

rthisreason,theywerecalledinertgases.TheywerealsoclusteredunderG

roup0intheoldperiodictablebecausescientistsbelievedthatthegasesh

avezerovalenceelectronsintheiroutershell.Thiswaslaterproventobe

untruewhensomenoblegascompoundswerediscovered.

3.Thegasesareelements,whichsharesimilarproperties.Thesepropertiesi

ncludebeingmonoatomic,colorless,odorless,beingabletoconductelectrici

ty,andhavinglowchemicalreactivity.NoblegasesincludeHelium,Neon,Arg

on,Krypton,XenonandRadon.TheseareallfoundinGroup18,intherightmo

stcolumnoftheperiodictable.Ifyoulookattheperiodictable,youwill

noticethattheseelementsaretheonlyones,whichdonothaveacharge.Hei

iumhasthelowestmolecular（分子的）weightwhileRadonistheheaviest.

4.Rememberthatchemicalreactionsoccurbecauseatomshave“valence“elect

rons,whichareelectronsintheiroutershell.Whentheoutershellis”unfi

lied”ortherequirednumberofelectronsisnotyetcomplete,theatomismo

rereactive.Noblegaseshaveafulloutershell,meaningthattheyhavecomp

leteelectronsintheiroutershell.Thiscompletenumbervaries.Forinstanc

e,theoutershellofHeliumhas2valenceelectronswhiletheoutershellof

Xenonhas8electrons.Nowadays,thereremainstobeafewnoblegasesbecau

seoftheinherentlowchemicalreactivityofthesesaidgases.

5.Becauseoftheirproperties,noblegaseshavemanyimportantapplications.

Theyarewidelyusedinrecreation,medicineandindustries.Forinstance,L

iquidHeliumisusedforsuperconductingmagnets（磁体）.Thesemagnetsareve

ryimportantinphysicsandmedicine.Whenadoctorsuspectsthataperson,s

brainhasbeendamaged,hemightrequestforMagneticResonanceImaging（MRI）.

MRIallowsthedoctorto“see"thebrain,withoutoperatingonthepatient.

23.Paragraph2

24.Paragraph3

25.Paragraph4

26.Paragraph5

【答案】：ECDA

选项：

A.Whataretheapplicationsofnoblegases?

B.Howwerenoblegasesdiscovered?

C.Whatarenoblegases?

D.Whatcausethelowchemicalreactivityofnoblegases?

E.Howwerenoblegasesunderstoodinthepast?

F.Whatistheperiodictable?

27.Noblegasesarenotverychemically_____.

28.AmongtheelementsofnoblegasesHeliumisthe___.

29.Therequirednumberofelectronsinnoblegases'outershellis.

30.MRImaymakeoperatingonthepatient.

【答案】：FCBA

选项：

A.unnecessary

B.complete

C.lightest

D.important

E.flammable

F.reactive

第四部分：阅读理解（第31〜45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

SmallButWise

OnDecember14,NASAblastedasmallbutmightytelescopeintospace.Thetele

scopeiscalledWISEandisaboutaswidearoundasatrashcan.Don，tletits

smallsizefoolyou：WISEhasapowerfuldigitalcamera,anditwillbetakingpic

turesofsomethewildestobjectsintheknownuniverse,includingasteroids,faint

stars,blazinggalaxiesandgiantcloudsofdustwhereplanetsandstarsareb

orn.

"I'mveryexcitedbecausewe'regoingtobeseeingpartsoftheuniverse

thatwehaven'tseenbefore,“saidNedWright,ascientistwhodirectsthe

WISEproject.

Sincearrivinginspace,theWISEtelescopehasbeencirclingtheEarth,h

eldbygravityinapolarorbit(thismeansitcrossesclosetothenorthand

southpoleswitheachlap).Itscameraispointedoutward,awayfromtheEarth,

andWISEwillsnapapictureofadifferentpartoftheskyevery11minute

s.Aftersixmonthsitwillhavetakenpicturesacrosstheentiresky.

ThepicturestakenbyWISEwon，tbelikeeverydaydigitalphotographs,how

ever.WISEstandsfor^Wide-fieldInfraredSurveyExplorer.”Asitsnamesu

ggests,theWISEcameratakespicturesoffeaturesthatgiveoffinfraredradi

ation.

Radiationisenergythattravelsasawave.Visiblelight,includingthef

amiliarspectrumoflightthatbecomesvisibleinarainbow,isanexampleof

radiation.Whenanordinarydigitalcameratakesapictureofatree,forexam

pie,itreceivesthewavesofvisiblelightthatarereflectedoffthetree.W

henthesewavesenterthecamerathroughthelens,they，reprocessedbytheca

mera,whichthenputstheimagetogether.

Wavesofinfraredradiationarelongerthanwavesofvisiblelight,soord

inarydigitalcamerasdon'tseethem,andneitherdotheeyesofhumanbeing

s.Althoughinvisibletotheeye,longerinfraredradiationcanbedetectedas

warmthbytheskin.

That'sakeyideatowhyWISEwillbeabletoseethingsothertelescopes

can，t.Noteverythingintheuniverseshowsupinvisiblelight.Asteroids,f

orexample,aregiantrocksthatfloatthroughspace——buttheyabsorbmostof

thelightthatreachesthem.Theydon，treflectlight,sotheyyredifficultto

see.Buttheydogiveoffinfraredradiation,soaninfraredtelescopelikeW

ISEwillbeabletoproduceimagesofthem.DuringitsmissionWISEwilltake

picturesofhundredsofthousandsofasteroids.

Browndwarfsareanotherkindofdeep-spaceobjectthatwillshowupinW

ISE，spictures.Theseobjectsare“failed”stars-whichmeanstheyarenotma

ssiveenoughtojumpstartthesamekindofreactionsthatpowerstarssucha

sthesun.Instead,browndwarfssimplyshrinkandcooldown.They'resodimt

hatthey，realmostimpossibletoseewithvisiblelight,butintheinfrareds

pectrumtheyglow.

31.WhatissospecialaboutWISE?

A.Itisassmallasatrashcan.

C.Neverbeforehasatelescopecarriedadigitalcamerainspace.

B.Itissmallinsizebutcarriesalargecamera.

D.Itsdigitalcameracanhelpastronomerstoseetheunknownspace.

32.ThecameraonWISE

A.producesimagesofobjectsgivingoffinfraredradiation.

B.isequippedwithexpensivecomputers

C.reflectslightvisibletothehumaneye

D.issimilartoanordinarydigitalcamera

33.Itistruethatinfraredradiation

A.isnotdetectabletohuman

B.looksbrightthanvisiblelight

C.isvisiblelightreflectedoffanobject

D.haslongerwavesthatthoseofvisiblelight

34.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutasteroidisNOTtrue?

A.TheWISEtelescopecantakepicturesofasteroids.

B.Theydonotreflectlightthatreachesthem.

C.Theyareinvisibletoordinarycamera.

D.Theyfloatthroughspacegivingoffvisiblelight.

35.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatbrowndwarfs?

A.arepowerstarslikethesun.

B.giveoffvisiblelight.

C.becomemassiveandactive.

D.areinvisibletotheWISEtelescope.

【答案】：DADDB

DownloadKnowledgeDirectlytoYourBrain

Forthefirsttime,researchershavebeenabletohackintotheprocessofle

arninginthebrain,usinginducedbrainpatternstocreatealearnedbehavio

r.It'snotquiteasadvancedasaninstantkung-fudownload,andit'snota

ssleekascognitiveinception,butit'sstillanimportantfindingthatcoul

dleadtonewteachingandrehabilitationtechniques.

Futuretherapiescoulddecodethebrainactivitypatternsofanathleteora

musician,andusethemasabenchmarkforteachinganotherpersonanewactiv

ity,accordingtotheresearchers.

ScientistsfromBostonUniversityandATRComputationalNeuroscienceLaborato

riesinKyotousedfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging,orfMRI,tostudyt

helearningprocess.Theywereexaminingtheadultbrain,saptitudeforvisua

1perceptuallearning,orVPL,inwhichrepetitivetrainingimprovesaperso

n'sperformanceonaparticulartask.Whetheradultscandothisaswellasy

oungpeoplehasbeenanongoingdebateinneuroscience.

LedbyBUneuroscientistTakeoWatanabe,researchersusedamethodcalleddec

odedfMRIneurofeedbacktostimulatethevisualcortex.Firsttheyshowedpar

ticipantscirclesatdifferentorientations.ThentheyusedfMRItowatchthe

participants?brainactivity.Theresearcherswerethenabletotrainthepa

rticipantstorecreatethisvisualcortexactivity.

ThevolunteerswereagainplacedinMRImachinesandaskedtovisualizeshape

sofcertaincolors.Theparticipantswereaskedtousomehowregulateactivit

yintheposteriorpartofthebrain”tomakeasolidgreendiscaslargeas

theycould.Theyweretoldtheywouldgetapaidbonusproportionaltothesi

zeofthisdisc,buttheyweren,ttoldanythingaboutwhatthediscmeant.Th

eresearcherswatchedtheparticipants?brainactivityandmonitoredtheacti

vationpatternsintheirvisualcortices.

uParticipantscanbetrainedtocontroltheoverallmeanactivationofanen

tirebrainregion,“thestudyauthorswrite,“ortheactivationinoneregio

nrelativetothatinanotherregion.”

Thisworkedevenwhentestsubjectswerenotawareofwhattheywerelearning,

theresearcherssaid.

“Themostsurprisingthinginthisstudyisthatmereinductionsofneurala

ctivationpatternscorrespondingtoaspecificvisualfeatureledtovisualp

erformanceimprovementonthevisualfeature,withoutpresentingthefeature

orsubjects'awarenessofwhatwastobelearned,“Watanabesaidinastateme

nt.

Watanabeandcolleaguessaidthismethodcanbeapowerfultool.

“Itcan'incept'apersontoacquirenewlearning,skills,ormemory,orpo

ssiblytorestoreskillsorknowledgethathasbeendamagedthroughaccident,

disease,oraging,withoutaperson?sawarenessofwhatislearnedormemori

zed,“theywrite.

36.Whathaveresearchersbeenabletodowiththehelpofthestudy?

A.makeapersonknowhowtodosomethingwithoutlearning

B.setupdifferentlearningpatternsfordifferentpeople

C.Enablepeopletolearnkungfuinstantly

D.DiscoverapersonJslearningprocessinthebrain

37.Whathelpsapersontodoaparticulartaskbetterinvisualperceptual1

earning?

A.Testing.

B.Encouragement.

C.Repetition.

D.self-assessment.

38.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheexperimentparticipants?

A.Theywerenottoldwhattobelearnedintheexperiment.

B.TheylearnedhowtocontrolMRLmachinesintheexperiment.

C.Theywerepaidtotakepartintheexperiment.

D.Theywerenotcooperativeintheexperiment.

39.Thefindingofthestudyismostsignificantinthatlearning

A.isfulloffun

B.isvisualized

C.becomesunnecessary

D.happensunconsciously

40.Whoaremostlikelytobenefitfromthestability?

A.seniorpeople

B.teenager

C.musicians

D.Athletes

【答案】：DCBBA

第三篇

GrossNationalHappiness

Inthelastcentury,newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleinmany

countries.However,onecountryresistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalaya

nmountainsofAsia,thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.Itspeopleand

Buddhist(佛教)culturehadnotbeenaffectedforalmostathousandyears.Bhu

tan,however,wasapoorcountry.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspe

oplecouldnotread,andtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheoutsideworld.The

n,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhut

antobecomemodern,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.

KingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideas.Hesawthatmostcountrie

smeasuredtheirprogressbytheirGrossNatonalProduct(GNP)。TheGNPmeas

uresproductsandmoney.Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases,peoples

aythecountryismakingprogress.KingWangchuckhadadifferentideaforBh

utan.Hewantedtomeasurehiscountry'sprogressbypeople'shappiness.If

thepeople'shappinessincreased,thekingcouldsaythatBhutanwasmaking

progress.Todecideifpeoplewerehappier,hecreatedameasurecalledGross

NationalHappiness(GNH)。

GNHisbasedoncertainprinciplesthatcreatehappiness.Peoplearehappier

iftheyhavehealthcare,education,andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyli

veinahealthy,protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeept

heirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyh

aveagood,stablegovernment.

NowtheseissomeevidenceofincreasedGNHinBhutan.Peoplearehealthiera

ndarelivinglonger.Morepeopleareeducatedandemployed.Twenty-fiveperc

entofthelandhasbecomenationalparks,andthecountryhasalmostnopoll

ution.TheBhutanesecontinuetoweartheirtraditionalclothingandfollowt

heirancientBuddhistcustoms.Bhutanhasalsobecomeademocracy.In2008,Ki

ngWangchuckgavehispowertohisson.Althoughthecountrystillhadakin

g,ithelditsfirstdemocraticelectionsthatyear.Bhutanhadpoliticalpar

tiesandpoliticalcandidatesforthefirsttime.Finally,Bhutanhasconnect

edtotherestoftheworldthroughtelevisionandinternet.

Bhutanisasymbolforsocialprogress.Manycountriesarenowinterestedin

Bhutan,sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehap

piness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheirpeople,cultu

res,andland.

BrazilmaybethenestcountrytousetheprinciplesofGNH.Brazilianleader

sseetheprinciplesofGNHasasourceofinspiration.Brazilisalargecou

ntrywithadiversepopulation.Ifhappinessworksasameasureofprogressi

nBrazil,perhapstherestoftheworldwillfollow.

41.WhowasJigmeSingyeWangchuck?

A.Apresident.

B.ABuddhistpriest.

C.Ageneral.

D.Aking.

42.ApartfrommodernizingBhutan,whatelsedidWangchuckwanttodoforBhu

tan?

A.Tomakeitspopulationgrow.

B.Tokeepitseparatefromtheworld.

C.Toencourageitspeopletogetrich.

D.Tokeepitstraditionandcustoms.

43.AcountryshowsitsprogresswithGNPby

A.sellingmoreproducts.

B.spendingmoremoney.

C.spendinglessmoney.

D.providingmorejobs.

44.AccordingtoGNH,peoplearehappierifthey

A.havenewtechnology.

B.canchangetheirreligion.

C.haveagood,stablegovernment.

D.havemoremoney.

45.Today,manycountriesare

A.usingtheprinciplesofGNHtomeasuretheirprogress.

B.workingtogethertodevelopacommonscaletomeasureGNH.

C.takingbothBhutanandBrazilassymbolsforsocialprogress.

D.tryingtofindtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.

【答案】：DDACD

第5部分：补全短文（第46〜50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将

其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。

TheMysteriesofNazca

InthedesertofPeru,300kilometersfromLima,oneofthemostunusual

artworksintheworldhasmystified（迷惑）peoplefordecades.（46）Butfrom

highabove,thesemarksarehugeimagesofbirds,fish,seashells,allbeauti

fullycarvedintotheearth.

TheNazcalinesaresodifficulttoseefromthegroundthattheyweren?t

discovereduntilthe1930s,whenpilotsspottedthemwhileflyingoverthea

rea.Inall,thereareabout70differenthumanandanimalfiguresonthepla

in,alongwith900triangles,circles,andlines.

Researchershavefiguredoutthatthelinesareatleast1,500yearsold,

buttheirpurposeisstillamystery.(47)However,itwouldprobablybever

ytrickytoxxxxx(单词暂不明)andaspaceshipinthemiddleofpicturesofd

ogsandmonkeys.

Inthe1940s,anAmericanexplorernamedPaulKosoksuggestedthatthedr

awingsareachronicleG己录)ofthemovementofthestarsandplanets.(48)

xxxxxanastronomertestedhistheorywithacomputer,buthecouldn,tfinda

nyrelationbetweenthelinesandmovementsinspace.

Anotherexplanationisthatthelinesmayhavebeenmadeforreligiousre

asons.xxxxxresearcherTonyMorrisoninvestigatedthecustomsofpeopleint

heAndesxxxxxandlearnedthattheysometimespraybythesideoftheroad.

It'spossiblethatxxxxx,thelinesofNazcawerecreatedforasimilarpurpo

se.(49)Butxxxxxpeoplehaveneverconstructedanythingthisbig.

Recently,twootherscientists,DavidJohnsonandSteveMabee,havespecu

latedxxxxxlinescouldhavebeenrelatedtowater.Nazcaisoneofthedries

tplacesinthexxxxxreceivesonly2cmofraineveryyear.WhileJohnsonwas

searchingforxxxxxwatersourcesinthearea,henoticedthatsomewaterway

sbuiltancientxxxxxwereconnectedwiththelines.Johnsonbelievesthatth

eNazcalinesareagiantxxxxxundergroundwaterinthearea.(50)

A.Otherscientistsarenowsearchingforevidencetoprovethis.

B.ASwisswriternamedErichVonDanikenwrotethattheNazcalinesweredes

ignedasalandingplaceforUFOs.

C.Scholarsdifferininterpretingthepurposeofthedesigns.

D.Thelargestpicturesmayhavebeenthesitesforspecialceremonies.

E.Seenfromtheground,itlookslikelinesscratchedintotheearth.

F.HecalledNazca“thelargestastronomybookintheworld”.

46〜50题【答案】：EBFDA

第6部分：完形填空(第51〜65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

SolarPowerwithoutSolarCells

AdramaticandsurprisingmagneticeffectoflightdiscoveredbyUniversityo

fMichiganresearcherscouldleadtosolarpowerwithouttraditionalsemicond

uctor-basedsolarcells.

Theresearchersfoundawaytomakean"optical______(51),〃saidStephenRan

d,aprofessorinthedepartmentsofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScie

nee,PhysicsandAppliedPhysics.

Lighthaselectricandmagnetic(52).Untilnow,scientiststhoughtthe

effectsofthemagneticfieldweresoweakthattheycouldbe_____(53).W

hatRandandhiscolleaguesfoundisthatattherightintensity,whenlight

istravelingthroughamaterialthatdoesnot______(54)electricity,theli

ghtfieldcangeneratemagneticeffectsthatare100milliontimesstrongert

hanpreviouslyexpected.Underthesecircumstances,themagneticeffectsdeve

lopstrength(55)toastrongelectriceffect.

“Thiscouldleadtoanewkindofsolarcellwithoutsemiconductorsandwitho

utabsorptiontoproducechargeseparation,，zRandsaid.〃Insolarcells,the

(56)goesintoamaterial,getsabsorbedandcreatesheat.Here,weex

pecttohaveaverylowheatload.Insteadofthelightbeingabsorbed,energ

yisstoredinthemagneticmoment.Intensemagnetizationcanbeinducedbyi

ntenselightandthenitisultimatelycapableofprovidingacapacitivepowe

r(57).〃Whatmakesthispossibleisapreviouslyundetectedbrandof

“opticalrectification,saysWilliamFisher,adoctoralstudentinappliedp

hysics.Intraditionalopticalrectification,light'selectricfieldcausesa

chargeseparation,orapulling_____(58)ofthepositiveandnegativecha

rgesinamaterial.Thissetsupavoltage,similarto(59)inabatte

ry.

RandandFisherfoundthatundertherightcircumstancesandinrighttypeso

fmaterials,thelight'smagneticfieldcanalsocreateopticalrectification

Thelightmustbesh