2021-2022年山东省枣庄市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题一卷(含答案)

2021-2022年山东省枣庄市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题一卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Wehavearequestofalargevehiclewhichcanautomaticallymovepeoplefromonelocationtoanothertomeetthedemandof______.

2.

Nanotechnologyisthestudyandmanipulationoftheverysmallmatterssuchasatoms,moleculesandviruses.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.WhyAmericanstraveloverseaslessthantheirwesterncounterparts?

A.Theirvacationstendtobeshorter.

B.Theycan'taffordinternationaltours.

C.Theyaremoreinterestedinmakingmoney.

D.TheypreferstayingwhereAmericansareinthemajority.

4.

WhichkindofcompaniesdotheKellyServicescontactwith?

A.Bothmulti-nationalandsmalllocalcompanies.

B.Listedcompanies.

C.Smallerlocalcompanies.

D.Internationalenterprise.

5.

ArecentstudyreportedthatJapaneseworkerswere______thancommonlythought.

6.

Thosewhoavoidcompetitivesportsinfavourofnoncompetitivephysicalactivitiesseemtobelookingfor______.

7.

Whereisthepositionofthewheeldogsinateam?

A.Inthefrontoftheteam.

B.Behindtheleaddogs.

C.Infrontofthesled.

D.Atthesideofswingdogs.

8.

HeexpectsanexoticstudywithfreshwaterwormfromtheAntarcticwhichcan______toyieldresultswhichwillhelptounderstandhowmirror-imagetwinsdevelop.

9.TheNewMathonCampus

SexualImbalanceinColleges

AftermidnightonarainynightlastweekinChapelHill,N.C.,alargegroupofsorority(女学生联谊会)womenattheUniversityofNorthCarolinasqueezedintoabasementbar.Bathedinacolorfulglow,theysplashedbeerfrompitchers,tradedjokesandshoutedlyricstoaTaylorSwiftheartacheanthemthunderingoverhead.Asanightout,ithadeverything--exceptguys.

NorthCarolina,withastudentbodythatisnearly60percentfemale,isjustoneofmanylargeuniversitiesthatattimesfeelweirdlylikewomen'scolleges.Womenhaverepresentedabout57percentofenrollmentsatAmericancollegessinceatleast2000,accordingtoarecentreportbytheAmericanCouncilonEducation.Researchersthereciteseveralreasons:womentendtohavehighergrades;mentendtodropoutindisproportionatenumbers;andfemaleenrollmentleadsfurtheramongolderstudents,low-incomestudents,andblackstudents.

TheEffectsoftheSexualImbalance

Intermsofacademicadvancement,thisishardlytheworstnewsforwomen--it'sasignoffemaleachievement.Butsurroundedbysomanyothersuccessfulwomen,theyoftenfinditharderthanexpectedtofindadateonaFridaynight.JayneDallas,aseniorstudyingadvertisingwhowasseatedacrossthetable,complainedthatthepopulationofmaleundergraduateswasevensmallerwhenyoulookedatitasadatingpool."Outofthat40percent,therearemaybe20percentthatwewouldconsider,andoutofthose20,10havegirlfriends,soallthegirlsarefightingoverthatother10percent,"shesaid.

Needlesstosay,thisputsguysinapositiontoplaythefield,andtendstomeanthateventheoneswillingtomakeacommitmentcomewithstoriedromantichistories.RachelSasser,aseniorhistorymajoratthetable,saidthatbeforesheandherboyfriendstarteddating,hehad"hookedupwithaleastfiveofmyfriendsinmysorority--thatIknowof".

ThesesortsofromanticcomplicationsarehardlyconfinedtoNorthCarolina,anacademicallyrigorousschoolwheremoststudentsspendmoretimestudyingthansocializing.Thegenderimbalanceisalsopronouncedatsomeprivatecolleges,suchasNewYorkUniversityandLewis&ClarkinPortland,Ore.,andlargepublicuniversitiesinstateslikeCalifornia,FloridaandGeorgia.TheCollegeofCharleston,apublicliberalartscollegeinSouthCarolina,is66percentfemale.SomewomenattheUniversityofVermont,withanundergraduatebodythatis55percentfemale,sardonicallyrefertotheircollegetown,Burlington,as"Girlington".

Thegendergapisnotuniversal.TheIvyLeagueschoolsarelargelyequalingender,andsomeevenhasafewmoremales.Butatsomeschools,effortstobalancethenumbershavebeenmetwithcomplaintsthatless-qualifiedmenarebeingadmittedovermore-qualifiedwomen.InDecember,theUnitedStatesCommissiononCivilRightsmovedtocheckadmissionsdatafrom19publicandprivatecollegestolookatwhethertheywerediscriminatingagainstqualifiedfemaleapplicants.

Leavingasidecomplaintsabout"affirmativeactionforboys",lessattentionhasbeenfocusedonthesocialdifference.Thankstosimplelawsofsupplyanddemand,itisoftenthewomenwhomustassertthemselvesromanticallyorbeleftaloneonValentine'sDay."Iwastalkingtoilfriendatabar,andthisgirljustcameupoutofnowhere,grabbedhimbythewrist,spunhimaroundandtookhimouttothedancefloorandstartedgrinding,"saidKellyLynch,ajunioratNorthCarolina,recallingarecentexperience.

Studentsinterviewedheresaidtheybelievedtheirmatingritualsreflectedthoseofcollegestudentsanywhere.Butmanyofthem--menandwomenalikesaidthattheimbalancedpopulationtendstotwistbehavior."Alotofmyfriendswillmeetsomeoneandgohomeforthenightand.justhopefor

A.Howtogetaboyfriendincollege.

B.Howtogetabetterdegreeincollege.

C.Relationsbetweensexandprofession.

D.Theimbalancebetweenmaleandfemalestudents.

10.

BoeingandWhirlpool,meanwhile,areworkingtomeetemissionsreductiontargetseventhough______.

11.

WhatwasthereasonthatledtothelossofmorethanhalfofAfricanmainfoodtwoyearsago?

A.Drought.

B.Toxininthecrop.

C.Themosaicvirus.

D.Thebarrensoil.

12.

SeeingthatPaulreturnedhome,Beltfelt______.

13.Aliens

Arethereotherformsoflifeintheuniverse'?Thescientificsearchforextraterrestrial(ET)lifeformshasbeenbolsteredbytworecentdiscoveries.First,thediscoveryoflifeformsinexoticenvironmentsonEarthindicatesthatlifeisveryheartyandcanadapttothestrangestandmosthostileenvironments.Second,astronomersfoundplanetsorbitingstarsbesidesoursun—over50extrasolarplanetshavebeendiscoveredasof2001.Aretherealienlifeformsonanyoftheseplanets?

Ifalienlifedoesexist,whatmightitbelike?Woulditbesimpleformsoflifesuchasbacteria,virusesoralgae,ormoreadvanced,multi-cellularcreatures,perhapsevenintelligentbeings?Wouldaliensbeanimals,plantsorhavecharacteristicsofboth?Wouldtheyhavearmsandlegsandwalkuprightaswedo?Wouldtheydependuponvisionastheirprimarysenseoruseanotherwaytogatherinformationabouttheirsurroundings?Wouldthey"breathe"oxygenorsomeothergas?

Greetings,Carbon-basedBipeds(两足动物)!

Mostofuspicturealienlifethewayit'sportrayedinmovies,wherealiensarecommonlydepictedashuman-likeformsbecausetheyuseactorseithertoplaytherolesdirectlyinmakeuportobemodelsforcomputer-generatedanimation.Also,audiencesrelatetohuman-likealiensbetterthantomoreexotic,monsterlike.However,thehumanbodyplanbilateralsymmetrywithone

head,twolegsandtwoarms—stemsfromwhenearlyanimalssuchaslizard,crocodile,ordinosaurcolonizedtheEarth'slandmasses,anditseemsunlikelythatsuchashapewouldevolveonanalienworld.So,let'sforgetHollywoodforthemomentandlookcloselyattherealscienceofastrobiology.

Astrobiologyisthescientificstudyoflifeintheuniverse.Astrobiologistsseektounderstand(amongotherthings)howlifearoseandevolvedonEarth,whatgovernsthewaylifeisorganizedandwhatmakesaplanethabitable.

Astrobiologycombinesthedisciplinesofbiology,chemistry,physics,geologyandastronomy.Often,astrobiologistsmustusetheinformationlearnedaboutlifeonEarthasaguideforstudyinglifeelsewhere.Let'sexaminesomeoftheunusualthingsthatwehavelearnedfromlifeonEarth:

LifeintheExtreme

Upuntilabout30yearsago,itwasbelievedthatalllifeonEarthwasdependentuponenergyfromthesun.Furthermore,itwasthoughtthatyouwouldprobablynotfindlifewheretemperatureswereextremelyhot,likeingeysersorhotsprings,orextremelycold,'likeintheAntarcticdesert.

Theseideaschangedwhenoceanographersexploredhydrothermalvents,openingsintheoceanfloorwhereextremelyhot,mineral-richwatereruptsfromthecrust.Hydrothermalventsarelocatedseveralmilesbelowthesurface,ontheoceanfloor,wherethesurroundingwaterisatornearfreezing,itisabsolutelydarkandthepressureishigh.Inorganizedcommunitiesaroundthebasesofthesevents,calledblacksmokers,scientistsfoundclams,crabsandexotic,gianttubewormsmeasuring6feet(2meters)long.Thewatercomingoutoftheseventsis230to662degreesFahrenheit(110to350degreesCelsius).

Howcantheseanimalssurvivesofarfromthesunlight,undertheseextremeconditions?Inthewater,scientistsfoundspeciesofbacteriathatsplithydrogensulfide(硫化物)fromthewatertogetenergytomakeorganiccompounds.Thetubewormshavebacteriaintheirtissuesthathelpthemderiveenergyfromthewater.Theclamsfeedonthebacteria,andthecrabsfeedonthetubeworms.

Thediscoveryofhydrothermal-ventcommunitiesshowedthatitispossibleforlifetoevolveinplaceswithoutlightfromthesun,andinotherworldswithoutsufficientlightfromtheparentstar.Inviewofthediscoveryofhydrothermalvents,itmaybepossiblethatlifeexistsonEuropa,anicymoonofJu

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Thesymptomsofinfluenzaarequitesimilartothoseofother______.

15.

EthiopiaandEgyptnowtalkaboutwatereveryyeartoseek

16.

Peoplewhosufferfromthereactivedepressionareverypossiblyunabletoleadanormallife.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Promotionsareusuallyusedtoattractlow-incomeshoppers.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

EvaluationsrevealthatAmericanyoungstersarenotobsessedwith______andinneedofreassurance.

19.Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1—4,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions5—10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

GENETICALLYMODIFIEDFOODS

Aregeneticallymodifiedcropsanenvironmentaldreamcome-trueoradisasterinthemaking?Scientistsarelookingforanswers.

Theworldseemsincreasinglydividedintothosewhofavorgeneticallymodified(GM)foodsandthosewhofearthem.Advocatesassertthatgrowinggeneticallyalteredcropscanbekindertotheenvironmentandthateatingfoodsfromthoseplantsisperfectlysafe.And,theysay,geneticengineeringwhichcaninduceplantstogrowinpoorsoilsortoproducemorenutritiousfoodswillsoonbecomeanessentialtoolforhelpingtofeedtheworld'sburgeoningpopulation.SkepticscontendthatGMcropscouldposeuniqueriskstotheenvironmentandtohealthriskstootroublingtoacceptplacidly.Takingthatview,manyEuropeancountriesarerestrictingtheplantingandimportationofGMagriculturalproducts.Muchofthedebatehingesonperceptionsofsafety.Butwhatexactlydoesrecentscientificresearchsayaboutthehazards?Theanswers,toooftenlostinreportsonthecontroversy,areservedupinthepagesthatfollow.

TwoyearsagoinEdinburgh,Scotlandeco-vandalsstormedafield,crushingcanolaplants.LastyearinMaine,midnightraidershackeddownmorethan3,000experimentalpoplartrees.AndinSanDiego,protesterssmashedsorghumandsprayedpaintovergreenhousewalls.

Thisfar-flungoutragetookaimatgeneticallymodifiedcrops.Buttheprotestsbackfired:allthedestroyedplantswereconventionallybred.Ineachcase,activistsmistookordinaryplantsforGMvarieties.

It'seasytounderstandwhy.Inaway,GMcrops—nowonsome109millionacresoffarmlandworldwide—areinvisible.Youcan'tsee,tasteortouchageneinsertedintoaplantorsenseitseffectsontheenvironment.Youcan'ttell,justbylooking,whetherpollencontainingaforeigngenecanpoisonbutterfliesorfertilizeplantsmilesaway.Thatinvisibilityispreciselywhatworriespeople.How,exactly,willGMcropsaffecttheenvironment-andwhenwillwenotice?

AdvocatesofGM,ortransgenic,cropssaytheplantswillbenefittheenvironmentbyrequiringfewertoxicpesticidesthanconventionalcrops.Butcriticsfearthepotentialrisksandwonderhowbigthebenefitsreallyare."Wehavesomanyquestionsabouttheseplants,"remarksGuentherStotzky,asoilmicrobiologistatNewYorkUniversity."There'salotwedon'tknowandneedtofindout."

AsGMcropsmultiplyinthelandscape,unprecedentednumbersofresearchershavestartedfanningintothefieldstogetthemissinginformation.Someoftheirrecentfindingsarcreassuring;otherssuggestaneedforvigilance.

FewerPoisonsintheSoil?

EveryyearU.S.growersshowercropswithanestimated971millionpoundsofpesticides,mostlytokillinsects,weedsandfungi.Butpesticideresidueslingeroncropsandthesurroundingsoil,leachingintogroundwater,runningintostreamsandgettinggobbledupbywildlife.Theconstantchemicaltrickleisanoldworryforenvironmentalists.

Inthemid-1990sagribusinessesbeganadvertisingGMseedsthatpromisedtoreduceafarmer'suseoftoxicpesticides.TodaymostGMcrops—main

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

IfWaldoWilcoxshootsthemountainlionwithoutkillingit,hewillmakemuchmoneybysellingittoazoo.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.听力原文：W:Didn'tyoutellTomaboutthemeeting?

M:WhateverIsaytohimgoesinonecarandouttheother.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(18)

A.Tomisunabletohearwell.

B.Tomdidn'tsayanythingatthemeeting.

C.Tomdoesn'tlistentohim.

D.Tomwentoutbeforethemeetingwasover.

22.(34)

A.Becausefarmersuselessinsecticidesnow.

B.Becausefarmershavebeenusinginsecticidesformanyyears.

C.Becauseinsectsusethemechanismsagainstplantstofightinsecticides.

D.Becauseinsectshavebeeneatingplantsformanymillionyears.

23.

【B8】

24.(28)

A.Hecouldn'tseethesteamerclearly.

B.Hefailedtoattracttheattentionofthesteamer.

C.Thesteamerrefusedtohelphim.

D.Thecliffwastoosteepforhimtoclimb.

25.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Yogabecomesverypopularnowadays,butitisimportantthatwegettoknowafewfactsaboutit.Firstofall,itisnotareligion.Yogaisawayoflifeandcanserveonlytoimproveyourpresentwayoflife.Yogaisanexactscienceandadelicateart.Secondly,beasmechanicalaspossible.Neverstrainorpulltoomuch.Forcingwillcauseyourbodytoresistandwillactuallyslowdownorevenpreventyourprogress,sogogently.Stretchuptothepointwhereitwouldstarttohurt.thenstopimmediately.Thekeyistheproperbreathingthroughthenostrilswiththemouthshut.Usuallyitisbesttopracticealoneinaroomwithfreshair,wearinglittleornoclothing.Neverpracticeohafullstomachbecauseanemptystomachpermitsgreaterflexibility.Exercisewillbenefityourgeneralhealth.Yogacannotaddorreducepoundsfromyourfigure;onlyeatinglessormorefoodcandothat.Alwaysrememberthatdietaffectsweight,whileexerciseaffectsshape.Neithercandothejoboftheother.

(26)

A.Adelicateart.

B.Awayoflife.

C.Anexactscience.

D.Areligion.

26.听力原文：M：Thecityisgoingtoteardownthoseoldhousesandputupanewshoppingcenter．

W：Anothershoppingcenter?That'snothingnew．

Q：Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(15)

A.Theoldhousesshouldbeturnedintostores.

B.Thecityneedsevenmoremodernization.

C.Thisshoppingcenterisquiteold.

D.Newshoppingcentersareverycommon.

27.听力原文：W:Strauss,we'vegotaproblem.Wedon'thaveenoughmoneytopaytherentthismonth.!thinkI'dbetteraskMornandDadforaloan,oraskmybossforaraise.

M:Well,Idon'tknow.ButmaybeI'dbetternottakeanotherEnglishcoursethissemester.

Q:Whatdoweknowfromtheconversation?

(16)

A.Theirparentscutbacktheloantothem.

B.Thewomandoesn'twanttotakeanotherEnglishcourse.

C.Theycan'taffordtherentofthismonth.

D.Thewoman'sbossrefusedtogiveheraraise.

28.

【B6】

29.

【B9】

30.

【B10】

31.(24)

A.Fromadrugdealer.

B.Withoutthedoctor'sprescription.

C.Legallyfromthedoctor.

D.Fromthewoman.

32.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

CertainphrasesonecommonlyhearsamongAmericanscapturetheirdevotiontoindividualism:"Doyourownthing.""Ididitmyway.""You'llhavetodecidethatforyourself.""Youmadeyourbed,now(36)______init.""Ifyoudon'tlookoutforyourself,nooneelsewill.""Lookoutfornumberone."

Closely(37)______withthevaluetheyplaceonindividualismistheimportanceAmericans(38)______toprivacy.Americansassumethatpeople"needsometimetothemselves"or"sometimealone"tothinkaboutthingsorrecovertheir(39)______psychologicalenergy.Americanshavegreat(40)______understandingforeignerswhoalwayswanttobewithanotherperson,who(41)______beingalone.

Iftheparentscan(42)______it,eachchildwillhavehisorherownbedroom.Havingone'sownbedroom,evenasan(43)______,fixesinapersonthenotionthat(44)____________.Shewillhaveherclothes,hertoys,herbooks,andsoon.Thesethingswillbehersandnooneelse's.

Americansassumethat(45)____________.Doctors,lawyers,psychiatrists,andothershaverulesgoverning"confidentiality"thatareintendedtopreventinformationabouttheirclientspersonalsituationsfrombecomingknowntoothers.

Americans'attitudesaboutprivacycanbehardforforeignerstounderstand.(46)____________.Whenthoseboundariesarecrossed,anAmerican'sbodywillvisiblystiffenandhismannerwillbecomecoolandaloof.

33.

【B7】

34.【B8】

35.(45)

36.

【B5】

37.听力原文：Iwillletyouknowthatthere'sabigdifferencebetweenundergraduateandgraduateschool.Undergraduateschoolisverycourse-intensive.That'sallyoudo:gotoclassesandgotolabs.Ingraduateschool,youhavealotoffreetime.Muchofyourlearningisself-initiated,andyou'retypicallytakingamuchlighterclassload.Thisgivesyoumoretimeforindependentstudyandresearch.Whileyou'reingraduateschool,you'regoingtohavetodevelopyourselfasascientist.Youdothisbyperformingcreativeandthoroughresearchanddevelopingareputationforbeingagoodscientist.You'llalsobedevelopingyourspeakingskills.Youhavetobecomfortableinpresentingyourresultsandyourresearchtoverycriticalaudiences.That'sveryimportant.Youalsowanttoattendconferenceswhereyoucanminglewithyourpeersandgroupsfromotheruniversities,becausethesewilleventuallybeyourcolleaguesatsomepoint.Also,it'simportanttoattendseminarsandcolloquythatyouruniversityhas.Notonlydoesthiskeepyouinformedofwhatisthelatestandgreatestinyourarea,butalsoletsyouhearaboutotherunrelatedareasaswell.Youcan'tbesofocused,youhavetohaveabroadbaseofknowledge.

(30)

A.Apupil.B.Agraduate.C.Asenior.D.Anundergraduate.

38.(26)

A.IntheQingDynasty.

B.Inthe19thCentury.

C.IntheSongDynasty.

D.Inthe16thCentury.

39.(16)

A.Unemployment.

B.Familybreakup.

C.Mentalproblems,

D.Drinking,

40.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Atsunamiisaseriesofhugewavesthatcancausegreatdevastationandlossoflifewhentheystrikeacoast.ThewordtsunamicomesfromtheJapanesewordmeaning"harborwave".Tsunamisaresometimesincorrectlycalled"tidalwaves".Actuallytsunamisarenotcausedbythetidesforthegravitationalforceofthemoononthesea.Regularwavesarecausedbythewind.

(30)Tsunamisarecausedbyanunderwaterearthquake,avolcaniceruption,asub-marinerockslide,or,morerarely,byanasteroidormeteoroidcrashingintointhewaterfromspace.(31)Mosttsunamisarecausedbyunderwaterearthquakes,butnotallunderwaterearthquakescausetsunamis.Anearthquakehastobeoveraboutmagnitude6.75ontheRichterscaleforittocauseatsunami.About90percentofalltsunamisoccurinthePacificOcean.

Manytsunamiscouldbedetectedbeforetheyhitland,andthelossoflifecouldbeminimized,withtheuseofmoderntechnology.Ifyouseethewaterrecedequicklyandunexpectedlyfromabeach(thisiscalleddrawback),runtowardhighergroundorinland,theremaybeatsunamicoming.Also,ifyouareonthecoastandthereisanearthquake,itmayhavecausedatsunami,soruntowardhighergroundorinland.Somebeacheshavetsunamiwarningsirens,donotignorethem.Thefirstwaveinatsunamiisoftennotthelargest;ifyouexperienceoneabnormally-hugewave,goinlandquickly,evenbiggerwavescouldbecomingsoon.

(32)Afterthehugevolumeofwaterhasmoved,theresultingwaveisverylongbutnotverytall(roughly3feettall).Thewavespreadsacrosstheseainalldirections;itcantravelgreatdistancesfromthesourceattremendousspeeds.

(27)

A.Theyaretidalwaves.

B.Theycanbecausedbythefallofanasteroidintothewater.

C.Theycannotbedetectedbeforetheyhitland.

D.Theyareharborwaves.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

UnderwhatconditionscantheEPAputoffitsaction?

A.Nonewregulations.

B.NonewpresidentandCongress.

C.Noappropriatetechnology.

D.Noswiftproceeding.

42.

By2030thegovernmentsindevelopedcountriesmayputanendtofixedretirementages______.

A.tosavethecurrentpensionsystem

B.toensurethebenefitsforhealthypensioners

C.torealizefullretirementbenefitssubstantially

D.torelievethepensionsburdenontheworkingpopulation

43.

AccordingtoSears;thenumberoffemale-runbusinessis______.

44.

Factoriessetupbymultinationalsonlybrought______tolocaleconomy.

45.Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingsciencefortheconstructionofwhatwecallmodemcivilization.Everydispensableitemofcontemporarytechnology,fromcanallockstodialtelephonestopenicillin,waspiecedtogetherfromtheanalysisofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientificexperiments.Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninterliving,longenoughtosettlebackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument.

Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthenineteenthcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgentcrowdsintothestreetsanydaythesedaysontheissueofnuclearenergy.Giveitback,saysomeofthevoices,itdoesn'treallywork,we'vetrieditanditdoesn'twork,gobackthreehundredyearsandstartagainonsomethingelselesschancyfortheraceofman.

Theprinciplediscoveriesinthiscentury,takingallinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofourignoranceaboutnature.Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,mattersofabsolutecertainty-Newtonianmechanics,forexample—haveslippedthroughourfingers,andweareleftwithanewsetofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,ambiguities;someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears,somearecanceledoutright,someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.

JustthirtyyearsagewecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.Forawhile,thingsseemedsimpleandclear,thecellwasaneatlittlemachine,amechanicaldevicereadyfortakingtopiecesandreassembling,likeatinywatch.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday'simagining.

Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo,thereiseverythingtodo.Whatliesahead,orwhatcanlieaheadiftheeffortsinresearcharecontinued,ismuchmorethantheconquestofhumandiseaseortheimprovementofagriculturaltechnologyorthecultivationofnutrientsinthesea.Aswelearnmoreaboutfundamentalprocessesoflivingthingsingeneralwewilllearnmoreaboutourselves.

Whatcan'tbeinferredfromthe1stparagraph?

A.Scientificexperimentsinthepastthreehundredyearshaveproducedmanyvaluableitems.

B.Forthreehundredyearstherehavebeenpeopleholdinghostileattitudetowardscience.

C.Moderncivilizationdependsonsciencesomansupportsscientificprogressunanimously.

D.Threehundredyearsisnotlongenoughtosettlebackcriticalappraisalofscientificmethod.

46.

Withanup-to-dateresumereadyasanoption,youmayfeelbetteratyourjobbecause______.

A.youaretodowondersinyourwork

B.itseemstobetheonlypositiveattitude

C.youhavemadeadecisiononyourown

D.itisuptoyoutochoosebetweentwoalternatives

47.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Newfashionsinclothingarecreatedforthecommercialexploitationofwomen.

B.Theconstantchangesinwomensclothingreflecttheirstrengthofcharacter.

C.Thefashionindustrymakesanimportantcontributiontosociety.

D.Fashiondesignsshouldnotbeencouragedsincetheyareonlywelcomedbywomen.

48.

AfterJerrywas