共享居住模式下养老院建筑内部空间设计研究

共享居住模式下养老院建筑内部空间设计研究共享居住模式下养老院建筑内部空间设计研究

摘要：随着我国老龄人口的迅速增长，养老事业日趋重要。而共享居住模式则作为一种新兴的养老方式正在逐渐被人们所接受。本论文以共享居住模式下的养老院空间设计为研究对象，旨在分析该模式下养老院建筑内部空间的规划与设计理念，为推进养老事业提供借鉴。

本文首先概述了共享居住模式及其发展背景，然后着重分析了共享居住模式下养老院内部空间的规划与设计。通过对现有养老院建筑空间设计案例的对比分析，我们得出了以下几个结论：一是在共享居住模式下，养老院应充分考虑老年人日常生活的需求，打造一个舒适、安全、温馨的生活空间。二是在空间规划上应注重社交交流与私人独立之间的平衡，实现老年人在社交、自我保健等方面的需求。三是在空间设计上应尽量简单自然、舒适安全，塑造贴近自然、积极向上的生活氛围。四是在外观与内部设计上应注重对老年人群体的文化、氛围与审美要求的充分体现。

关键词：共享居住模式；养老院；建筑内部空间设计；养老事业。

Abstract:WiththerapidincreaseofChina'sagingpopulation,elderlycarehasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Thesharedlivingmode,asanewwayofelderlycare,isgraduallybeingacceptedbypeople.Thispapertakesthespacedesignofthenursinghomeunderthesharedlivingmodeastheresearchobject,aimingtoanalyzetheplanninganddesignconceptoftheinternalspaceofthenursinghomeunderthismode,andtoprovidereferenceforpromotingtheelderlycareindustry.

Thisarticlefirstoutlinesthesharedlivingmodeanditsdevelopmentbackground,andthenfocusesontheanalysisoftheplanninganddesignoftheinternalspaceofthenursinghomeunderthesharedlivingmode.Bycomparingandanalyzingtheexistingnursinghomespacedesigncases,wedrawthefollowingconclusions:Firstly,underthesharedlivingmode,thenursinghomeshouldfullyconsiderthedailyneedsoftheelderly,andcreateacomfortable,safe,andwarmlivingspace.Secondly,thespaceplanningshouldfocusonthebalancebetweensocialcommunicationandpersonalindependence,andmeettheneedsoftheelderlyinsocialcommunicationandself-care.Thirdly,thespacedesignshouldbeassimple,natural,comfortable,andsafeaspossible,creatinganatural,positiveandupwardlivingatmosphere.Fourthly,theexteriorandinteriordesignshouldpayattentiontothefullembodimentofthecultural,aesthetic,andatmosphericrequirementsoftheelderlygroup.

Keywords:sharedlivingmode;nursinghome;internalspacedesignofthebuilding;elderlycare。Inrecentyears,thesharedlivingmodehasbecomeincreasinglypopularinelderlycare,asitpromotessocialinteractionandenhancesthequalityoflifeoftheelderly.However,thenursinghomespacedesignplaysacriticalroleinthesuccessofthismode.Theinternalspacedesignofthebuildingshouldbedividedintoseveralareasbasedonthefunctionalrequirementsoftheelderly,suchasliving,dining,leisure,andmedicalcare.

Thelivingareashouldbedesignedtomeetthepsychologicalandphysicalneedsoftheelderly,suchasprovidingsufficientdaylighting,ventilation,andsoundinsulation.Theroomsizesshouldbeappropriateandconsiderate,ensuringthattheelderlyhaveasenseofsecurityandcomfort,especiallythosewhoneedhigherdegreesofcare.Thediningareashouldprovideavarietyofhealthyanddeliciousfoodoptions,accommodatingbothgroupandindividualdiningneeds.

Theleisureareashouldbedesignedtomeetthesocialneedsoftheelderly,suchasprovidingreadingareas,entertainmentrooms,andfitnessfacilities.Theseareasshouldbeintegratedwithnaturalelementsanddesignedwithanecologicalconcept,creatingapeacefulandrelaxingatmospherethatenhancesthewell-beingoftheelderly.Additionally,themedicalcareareashouldbedesignedtomeetthepracticalneedsoftheelderly,suchasprovidingnursingstations,rehabilitationfacilities,andmedicalexaminationrooms.

Insummary,thenursinghomespacedesignshouldbetailoredtothespecificneedsandpreferencesoftheelderly,consideringthebalancebetweenfunctionandaesthetics.Thedesignshouldbesimple,natural,comfortable,andsafe,creatingapositiveandupwardlivingatmosphere.Thefullembodimentofcultural,aesthetic,andatmosphericrequirementsisalsocrucialtoensurethesatisfactionandhappinessoftheelderly。Inadditiontothephysicalenvironment,itisimportantfornursinghomestoconsiderthesocialandemotionalneedsoftheirresidents.Thefacilityshouldprovideopportunitiesforsocialinteraction,suchascommonareasforrecreationandcommunaldiningrooms.Thesespacesshouldbedesignedtoencourageresidentstoengageingroupactivities,fosterfriendships,andpromoteasenseofcommunity.

Privacyisalsoacrucialelementofnursinghomedesign.Whilecommunalspacesareimportantforsocialinteractions,eachresidentshouldalsohavetheirownprivatelivingspace.Thedesignofprivateroomsshouldtakeintoaccountthespecificneedsofeachresident,suchasmobilityandaccessibility.Itisimportantthatthesespacesaredesignedtomakeresidentsfeelcomfortableandsecure.

Additionally,nursinghomesshouldalsoconsiderincorporatingoutdoorspacesintotheirdesign.Beinginnaturehasnumerousbenefitsforphysicalandmentalhealth,andcanhelpresidentsfeelmoreconnectedtotheirenvironment.Outdoorspacesshouldbedesignedtobeaccessibleforresidentswithlimitedmobilityandshouldincludefeaturessuchasbenches,pathways,andgardens.

Finally,nursinghomesshouldincorporatetechnologyintotheirdesigntoimprovethequalityofcareforresidents.Thismayincludeprovidingremotehealthcareservices,usingelectronicmedicalrecords,andincorporatingvirtualrealityintotherapyprograms.Technologycanhelpnursinghomesprovidemorecomprehensiveandefficientcare,andcanmaketheexperienceoflivinginanursinghomemoreenjoyableforresidents.

Inconclusion,designinganursinghomethatmeetsthespecificneedsandpreferencesofelderlyresidentsrequiresacarefulbalancebetweenfunctionandaesthetics.Whilethephysicalenvironmentisimportant,nursinghomesmustalsoconsiderthesocialandemotionalneedsoftheirresidents,aswellasincorporatetechnologytoimprovethequalityofcare.Byfocusingonthesekeydesignelements,nursinghomescancreateapositiveandsupportivelivingenvironmentthatpromoteshappiness,health,andwell-beingfortheirresidents。Oneimportantdesignelementthatnursinghomesshouldconsideriscreatingahomelikeatmosphere.Elderlyresidentsoftenfeelanxiousoruncomfortablelivinginaclinicalorsterileenvironment.Therefore,nursinghomesshouldaimtocreateacomfortableandwelcomingatmospherethatmimicsadomesticsetting.Thiscanbeachievedthroughtheincorporationofnaturallighting,softfurnishings,personaltouches,andrecreationalspacesthatfosterresidentengagementandsocialinteraction.

Effectivespaceplanningisalsoessentialwhendesigningnursinghomes.Awell-designedspaceplanensuresthateveryresident'sroomreceivesamplelighting,ventilation,andprivacy.Nursinghomesmayalsoneedtoconsideraccessibility,flexibility,andadaptabilitywhendesigningtheirspaces.Forexample,roomsshouldbedesignedtocatertothedifferentcareneedsofresidents,suchasthosewithmobilityimpairmentsorcognitivedisorders.

Intheageofadvancedtechnology,nursinghomesmustembracenewtechnologiesthatcanimprovetheirresidents'livingconditions.Technologycanbeleveragedtoimprovecommunicationandcollaborationamonghealthcareworkers,automatemedicaldocumentation,andprovidepersonalizedcareforeachresident.Forinstance,electronichealthrecords(EHRs)canhelphealthcareworkersdeliveraccurateandholisticcaretoeachresident.Technology-assistedcaregivingsolutionscanalsoensurethatresidentsarecomfortableandsafe,enhancingtheirqualityoflife.

Lastly,nursinghomesshouldfocusonprovidingasupportiveandnurturingenvironmentforresidents.Theyshouldstrivetocreateanenvironmentthatpromotesresidentautonomyandmaximizestheirqualityoflife.Thiscanbeachievedthroughtheprovisionoftailoredcareplansthataccountforresidents'individualpreferences,routines,andneeds.Furthermore,nursinghomesmustincluderecreationalspacesandsocialactivitiesthatpromoteengagementandsocialinteraction.

Inconclusion,nursinghomesmuststrivetocreateenvironmentsthatbalancefunctionalityandaestheticswhilecateringtothephysical,social,andemotionalneedsoftheirresidents.Whilephysicaldesignisvital,assistedlivingfacilitiesmustalsoincorporateadvancedtechnologiesthatcanenhancetheoverallqualityofcare.Moreover,nursinghomesmustprovidepersonalizedcareplansthataccountforresidents'individualneedsandpreferences.Byprioritizingtheseessentialdesignelements,nursinghomescanfosterasupportiveandnurturingenvironmentthatpromoteshappiness,health,andwellbeingforalltheirresidents。Inadditiontophysicalandtechnologicaldesignelements,staffingalsoplaysacrucialroleinthequalityofcareprovidedinnursinghomes.Skilledandcompassionatestaffmembersareessentialtoensuringthatresidentsreceivetheindividualizedcareandattentionthattheyneedtothrive.Moreover,nursinghomesmustprioritizestafftrainingandongoingprofessionaldevelopmenttoensurethatstaffmembersareequippedwiththeknowledgeandskillsneededtoprovidehigh-qualitycare.Thisincludesongoingtraininginareassuchascommunication,dementiacare,andend-of-lifecare.

Importantly,nursinghomesmustalsoprioritizeresident-centeredcarethatemphasizesresidents'personalpreferencesandvalues.Thismeansthatnursinghomesmustactivelylistentoresidentsandengagethemindecision-makingandcareplanning.Byprioritizingresident-centeredcare,nursinghomescanhelppromoteasenseofautonomyanddignityamongtheirresidents,whichisessentialformaintainingtheirphysicalandmentalwellbeing.

Lastly,nursinghomesmustalsoprioritizetransparencyandaccountabilitywhenitcomestoqualityofcare.Thismeansregularlycommunicatingwithresidentsandtheirfamiliesaboutcareplans,healthupdates,andanyconcernsorissuesthatarise.Moreover,nursinghomesmustbeopentofeedbackandregularlyseektoimprovetheiroperationsbasedonresidentandfamilyfeedback.

Inconclusion,nursinghomesplayanessentialroleinprovidingcareandsupporttovulnerablepopulations,includingolderadultsandindividualswithdisabilities.However,toensurethatnursinghomesareprovidinghigh-qualitycare,theymustprioritizephysicaldesignelements,incorporateadvancedtechnologies,prioritizeresident-centeredcareandstafftraining,andfostertransparencyandaccountability.Byprioritizingtheseessentialelements,nursinghomescanhelppromotethehealth,wellbeing,anddignityoftheirresidents。Furthermore,nursinghomesmustalsoprioritizeinfectionpreventionandcontrol,especiallyinlightofrecenteventssuchastheCOVID-19pandemic.Thisincludesimplementingstricthygieneprotocols,regularlytestingresidentsandstaffforinfections,andensuringadequatepersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE)isavailableforstaff.

Additionally,anothercrucialaspectofprovidinghigh-qualitycareinnursinghomesisthestaff-to-residentratio.Withadequatestaffinglevels,nursinghomescanensurethatresidentsreceivethepersonalizedattention,care,andsupporttheyneedtothrive.However,nursinghomesacrosstheUnitedStateshavebeenstrugglingwithstaffingshortagesforyears,whichhasresultedinreducedqualityofcareandanincreaseinadverseevents.

Toaddressthesestaffingshortages,nursinghomesmustprioritizerecruitmentandretentionefforts.Thismayincludeofferingcompetitivesalariesandbenefitspackages,providingopportunitiesforprofessionaldevelopmentandadvancement,andcreatingapositiveworkculturethatvaluesandsupportsstaff.

Inconclusion,providinghigh-qualitycareinnursinghomesrequiresamultifacetedapproachthatencompassesphysicaldesign,technology,resident-centeredcare,stafftraining,transparencyandaccountability,infectionpreventionandcontrol,andstaffinglevels.Byprioritizingtheseessentialelements,nursinghomescanensurethattheirresidentsreceivethebestpossiblecareandsupport,helpingtopromotetheirhealth,wellbeing,anddignity。Anotherimportantfactorinprovidinghigh-qualitycareinnursinghomesistheroleoffamilymembersandcaregivers.Familymembersandcaregiverscanplayacriticalroleinadvocatingfortheirlovedonesandensuringthattheyreceivethecareandsupporttheyneed.Theycanalsohelptobridgethecommunicationgapbetweenresidentsandstaff,providingvaluableinsightsintotheirlovedone'spreferences,needs,andconcerns.

Moreover,engagingfamilymembersandcaregiversinthecareprocesscanhelptoeasesomeofthechallengesandlimitationsthatnursinghomesfacewhenitcomestostaffingandresources.Familymembersandcaregiverscanassistwithactivitiesofdailyliving,provideemotionalsupport,andhelptomonitortheirlovedone'shealthandwellbeing.

Anotherimportantaspectofprovidinghigh-qualitycareinnursinghomesisensuringthatresidentshaveaccesstoarangeofservicesandactivitiesthatpromotetheirhealth,wellbeing,andsocialconnectedness.Thisincludesaccesstophysicaltherapyandrehabilitationservices,recreationalactivities,andsocialevents,aswellasopportunitiesforspiritualandculturalengagement.

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