【课件】2022年全国新高考I卷英语试卷讲评 课件

2022年新高考Ⅰ卷

英语试卷讲评第一部分

听力1.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Checkthemap. B.Leavetherestaurant.C.Parkthecar.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atabusstop. B.Athome. C.Attheairport.3.Whatdidthespeakersdolastweek?A.Theyhadacelebrationdinner.B.Theywenttoseeanewbornbaby.C.Theysentamailtotheirneighbors.4.Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A.Tocancelaweekendtrip.B.Tomakeanappointment.C.Togetsomeinformation.5.Whatdoesthemanprobablywanttodo?A.Dosomeexercise. B.Getanextrakey.C.Orderroomservice.Text1

寻找停车位M:Wehavetofindaparkingspace.Let’sdrivearoundtheblockonemoretime.Didyousaytherestauranthasnooff-streetparkingatall?W:None,Icheckedit.Look,thereisaspace.

1.C推理判断题。根据男女双方的对话“Wehavetofindaparkingspace.Didyousaytherestauranthasnooff-streetparkingatall?”

“None,Icheckedit.Look,thereisaspace.”可知，他们在寻找停车位，饭店没有临街的停车位。再根据关键句“Look,thereisaspace.”可知，女士发现了一个停车位。由此可推知，他们接下来是去停车。故选C。【点拨】off-street

adj.非主干街区的；不靠街面的Text2

即将出发去乘飞机

M:

Youhavetogonow,Judy,oryou’llmissyourflight.It’sanhour’sdrivetotheairport.

W:I’mleaving.Don’tforgettowatermyflowers.Justaminute,whereismyticket,Dad?2.B推理判断题。根据双方的对话“Youhavetogonow,Judy,oryou’llmissyourflight.It’sanhour’sdrivetotheairport.”

“I’mleaving.Don’tforgettowatermyflowers.”可知，父亲催促女儿尽快出发去机场，再晚可能就赶不上飞机了。女儿回答马上就走，并且叮嘱父亲帮忙给花浇水。由此可推断出，此时他们还在家中。故选B。Text3

收到感谢信

M:Laura,what’sinthemailbox?W:It’sathank-younotefromourneighbor.Theythankusforvisitingthemlastweekwhenthebabywasborn.

TheyalsoinviteustohavedinnernextFriday.M:Aretheybackhomenow?W:Shouldbe.3.B事实细节题。根据女士的话“It’sathank-younotefromourneighbor.Theythankusforvisitingthemlastweekwhenthebabywasborn.”可知，女士收到了邻居给她寄来的感谢信，感谢他们上周去看望邻居刚出生的婴儿。故选B。Text4咨询纸博物馆开放时间

W:Goodafternoon.PaperMuseum.

M:Hello,couldyoutellmeyouropeninghoursforSaturday?

W:Yeah.Weareopenfrom10:00inthemorningto5:00intheafternoon.

M:Thanks.

4.C推理判断题。根据男士的话“Hello,couldyoutellmeyouropeninghoursforSaturday?”可知，他在咨询PaperMuseum周六的营业时间。由此可推断出，他打电话是为了咨询一些信息。故选C。

Text5询问酒店健身房信息

M:Excuseme,whereisthehotelgym,please?

W:It’sonthetopfloor.Youcantaketheliftoverthere.

M:DoIhavetopayextra?

W:No,sir.Youjustneedtotakeyourroomkeywithyou.

5.A推理判断题。根据男士的话“Excuseme,whereisthehotelgym,please?”可知，他在询问酒店健身房的相关信息。由此可推断出，他想要去锻炼身体。故选A。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthewomancometotheman?A.Toaskforpermission.B.Toextendaninvitation.C.Toexpressthanks.7.Whenarethestudentsgoingtothemuseum?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Buyinggroceries.B.Choosinggifts.C.Seeingfriends.9.WhoisClara?A.Theman’swife.B.Theman’ssister.C.Theman’sdaughter.10.Howmuchdidthemanspendonthecitypasses?A.$36.B.$50.C.$150.Text6

计划带学生去历史博物馆W:

(6)Mr.Wilson,studentsfromClassTwowanttovisitthehistorymuseum.WillitbeallrightifItakethemtherethisweekend?

M:Howabouttheirrevisiontest?Aretheythroughwithit?W:Yes,theyare.M:Inthatcase,youcangoahead.

(7)Trytofinishitwithinoneday,sothatthestudentsstillhaveawholedaytorestonSunday.

W:Allright.I’llmanage.6.A推理判断题。根据对话开头女士的话“Mr.Wilson,studentsfromClassTwowanttovisitthehistorymuseum.WillitbeallrightifItakethemtherethisweekend?”可知，二班的学生想去历史博物馆，女士问男士周末是否可以带他们去。由此可推断出，女士找男士是为征得许可。故选A。“Willitbeallrightif...”是征得许可的常用表达。【点拨】extendaninvitation“发出邀请”，此用法很有新意。较常见的是makeaninvitation。7.B推理判断题。根据对话可知，女士想周末带学生去历史博物馆，再根据男士的话“Trytofinishitwithinoneday,sothatthestudentsstillhaveawholedaytorestonSunday.”可知，男士让女士尽量在一天参观完，以便学生周日能够休息。由此可推断出，学生将在周六去博物馆。故选B。【点拨】这一题设置地很巧妙，学生并不是像往常那样经过计算就可得出答案，而是需要在充分理解句子含义的情况下，才能选出正确答案。Text7推荐生日礼物M:Hi,Linda.Fancyseeingyouhere.Howlonghaveyoubeenshopping?W:Almostanhour.Ihavealottobuy.(8)MydaughterMelissa’sbirthdayiscoming.I’mtryingtogetheragoodgift,butIdon’tknowwhattochoose.

Sheseemstohaveeverythingsheloves.M:(9)Yeah,thesameasClara.We’vealreadyhadbagsoftoysshe’snolongerplayingwith.Sothisyearwedidn’tbuyhermaterialthings.Wegaveheranexperiencegift.

W:What’sthat?M:Acitypass,withwhichshecanvisit12differentattractions,includingthenationalhistorymuseum,thesciencemuseum,thezooandmore.W:Howmuchisit?M:

(10)50dollarsperpersonforayear-longpass.Iboughtthreeforthewholefamily.

W:Soyoucanhaveadifferentoutingeverymonthfortheentireyear.Whatagreatidea!8.B主旨大意题。根据女士的话“MydaughterMelissa’sbirthdayiscoming.I’mtryingtogetheragoodgift,butIdon’tknowwhattochoose.”可知，女士想给女儿买生日礼物，但不知道挑选什么，接下来男士谈到给自己女儿的生日礼物。由此可概括出，对话双方正在谈论挑选礼物的事。故选B。9.C推理判断题。根据对话可知，女士想给女儿买生日礼物，但不知道挑选什么，男士讲道“Yeah,thesameasClara.We’vealreadyhadbagsoftoysshe’snolongerplayingwith.Sothisyearwedidn’tbuyhermaterialthings.Wegaveheranexperiencegift.”，Clara的情况也一样，男士今年没给她买物质性的东西，而是买了一种关于“阅历”的礼物。由此可推断出，Clara是男士的女儿。故选C。10.C推理判断题。女士询问城市通行证多少钱，根据男士的回答“50dollarsperpersonforayear-longpass.Iboughtthreeforthewholefamily.”可知，每个人的年度通行证是50美元，男士买了3张。经简单计算可得出，男士一共花了150美元。故选C。【点拨】pass[熟词生义]n.

通行证听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhydidTracybringdogstothechildren?A.Toteachthemtoloveanimals.B.Tohelpthemgainconfidence.C.Toprotectthemfromdangers.12.WhatisKevin’sconcernaboutthedogs?A.Theymaymisbehave.B.Theymaygethurt.C.Theymaycarrydiseases.13.WhatwillHelendotomorrowmorning?A.Giveatalk.B.Meetthechildren.C.Takesomephotos.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Attendingalecture.B.Hostingaworkshop.C.Conductinganinterview.15.WhyisEmilydoingunpaidworkinthenewseasonoftheshow?A.Tofollowthelatesttrend.B.Tohelpraisethecrew’spay.C.Tosupportthepost-production.16.WhatenablesEmilytotrydifferentthingsinherfield?A.Hercollegeeducation.B.Herteachingexperience.C.Herfamilytradition.17.WhatdoesEmilythinkofherworkattheFilmCentre?A.Boring.B.Rewarding.C.Demanding.Text8受过训练的狗狗帮助特殊教育学校的儿童M:Helen,busydoinganything?W:Oh,Kevin.I’mpreparingapresentationforthecitylibrary.It’saboutagirlnamedTracyWoods.M:What’sspecialabouther?W:Itwasanamazingstory.(11)Shebroughtspeciallytraineddogstospecialeducationschoolsandhelpedchildrentobuildconfidence.

Shebelievesthatdogscanhelpchildreninwayswecan’t.Dogsdon’tjudgeandtheydon’tcarewhoyouareorwhatyoulooklike.M:Butputtingdogsintoaschool?(12)Aren’ttheygoingtomessuptheschool?

W:Don’tworry.Allthedogsareassessedandtrainedproperly.Therearenow40dogsworkingwithchildrenagedfrom6to18.M:Ihopethechildrenlovethem.W:Ofcoursetheydo.(13)I’vegotsomepictures.I’llshowthematmypresentationtomorrowmorning.

11.B事实细节题。根据Helen的话“Shebroughtspeciallytraineddogstospecialeducationschoolsandhelpedchildrentobuildconfidence.”可知，Tracy带狗狗去学校是为了帮助孩子们建立自信。故选B。12.A事实细节题。根据Kevin的话“Aren’ttheygoingtomessuptheschool?”可知，他担心狗狗在学校里表现不好，扰乱学校秩序。故选A。选项中的misbehave在此处表达的意思对应原文中的messup。13.A事实细节题。根据Helen的话“I’vegotsomepictures.I’llshowthematmypresentationtomorrowmorning.”可知，她明天早上要做一个报告。选项中的talk对应原文中的presentation，此处都表示“演讲”。故选A。

Text9

采访演员

M:

(14)Emily,thankyoufortakingtimeoutofyourbusyscheduletoanswerafewquestions.

W:It’smypleasure.M:Peoplesayyou’redoingunpaidworkinthenewseasonofMyFairLady.Isthiswhattheshowbusinesshasbecome?W:No,notreally.

(15)Allofmyactinginthenewseasonisunpaid,butthecrewispaid.Thisistoraisemoneyforthepost-productionoftheshow.

M:Inoticeyou’vetriedmanydifferentkindsofthings:film,TV,andeventheater.

W:Yeah,(16)that’showIwastrainedatuniversity.

Iworkonanythingthatexcitesme.M:TellusaboutthesixmonthsyourecentlyspentattheworkshopoftheFilmCentre.W:(17)Itwasanunbelievableexperience,teachingyoungactorsandactressesandworkingwithsomegreatactingartists.Itwasalsogreattoworkinvariouslapssuchasdirectors,writersandsoon.It’sveryhelpfulformakingyouareallywell-roundedandactivememberofthefilmintelevisionindustry.

M:Thankyouverymuch,Emily.Welookforwardtoyournewseason.14.C推理判断题。根据对话开头男士的话“Emily,thankyoufortakingtimeoutofyourbusyscheduletoanswerafewquestions.”可知，这通常是采访的开场白。他首先感谢Emily在百忙之中回答他的几个问题，接下来整段对话主要是男士就Emily的演艺工作进行提问。由此可推断出，男士是在对Emily进行采访。故选C。15.C事实细节题。根据Emily的话“Allofmyactinginthenewseasonisunpaid,butthecrewispaid.Thisistoraisemoneyforthepost-productionoftheshow.”可知，她在新一季的所有表演都是无偿的，这是在为节目的后期制作筹集资金。由此即可得出正确答案。故选C。16.A事实细节题。男士说他注意到Emily尝试过很多不同的东西：电影、电视，甚至戏剧。根据Emily的回答“that’showIwastrainedatuniversity.”可知，是她的大学教育使她在她的领域尝试不同的东西。故选A。17.B观点态度题。根据Emily的话“Itwasanunbelievableexperience,teachingyoungactorsandactressesandworkingwithsomegreatactingartists.Itwasalsogreattoworkinvariouslapssuchasdirectors,writersandsoon.It’sveryhelpfulformakingyouareallywell-roundedandactivememberofthefilmintelevisionindustry.”可知，她认为她在电影中心的工作是一段非常棒的经历，这段经历使她获益匪浅。故选B。【点拨】post-productionn

后期制作听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Sportsclubmembers.B.Internationaltourists.C.Universitystudents.19.WheredidEmmaworkforarugbyteam?A.InManchester.B.InDublin.C.InVancouver.20.WhatcanbeachallengetoEmma’swork?A.Competitioninthehealthcareindustry.B.Discriminationagainstfemalescientists.

C.Influenceofmisinformationonthepublic.Text10

欢迎健康专家来做讲座W:(18)Hi,everyone.Thisisthemonthlymeetingofourclub.We’vebeenfortunatetohavegotgoodadvicefromsomefamousathletesonhowtoimproveourskillsandbuildupourbody.Todaywe’llhearsomethingdifferent.We’rehonoredtohaveEmmaWilsonhere.

EmmaisahealthexpertandlecturerfromUBC,theUniversityofBritishColumbia.EmmaworkedforafootballteaminManchester,

(19)thenforaverysuccessfulrugbyteaminDublin,andfinallyendedupworkinghereinVancouver.(20)Emmasaysit’schallengingtobeahealthexpertbecausepeoplecanbeeasilyinfluencedbyadvertisementsthatlackscientificsupport.Also,peoplearen’twillingtochangetheirviewsaboutfoodandnutritionasthereissomuchconfusinginformationonline.It’sreallyimportanttohearwhatexpertssay.Andthat’swhyweeveninvitedEmmahere.Sheisn’tgoingtotellusabouteverythingweshouldeat,butshewillteachustomakebetterchoices.Let’swelcomeEmmaWilson.18.A推理判断题。根据独白开篇的介绍“Hi,everyone.Thisisthemonthlymeetingofourclub.We’vebeenfortunatetohavegotgoodadvicefromsomefamousathletesonhowtoimproveourskillsandbuildupourbody.Todaywe’llhearsomethingdifferent.We’rehonoredtohaveEmmaWilsonhere.”可知，这是俱乐部的月度会议，说话者首先表示很幸运地从一些著名运动员那里得到了关于如何提高他们的技术和增强身体的很好的建议。今天，将要听一些不同的说法，很荣幸地邀请到一位健康专家。再结合下文的介绍，可推断出，说话者是在向运动俱乐部的成员介绍一位健康专家。故选A。19.B

事实细节题。根据“thenforaverysuccessfulrugbyteaminDublin”即可得知，Emma曾在都柏林一支非常成功的橄榄球队任职。材料中提到她先后三份工作及三个工作地点，听录音时需要一一对应。故选B。20.C事实细节题。根据“Emmasaysit’schallengingtobeahealthexpertbecausepeoplecanbeeasilyinfluencedbyadvertisementsthatlackscientificsupport.Also,peoplearen’twillingtochangetheirviewsaboutfoodandnutritionasthereissomuchconfusinginformationonline.”可知，Emma认为做健康专家这份工作是非常具有挑战性的。因为人们容易被缺乏具有科学报告支持的广告影响，而且，人们不愿意改变他们对食物和营养的看法，因为网络上有太多具有困惑性的信息。由此可得出，对Emma来讲，她工作上的挑战是误导性信息对公众的影响。故选C。第二部分

阅读理解AGradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays（60%）Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%GroupAssignments（30%）Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments（作业）duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework（10%）Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWork

Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.

D.Anacademicarticle.22.Howmanypartsisastudent'sfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.A本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了“文学导论”课程的评分规则，主要从该课程评分所包含的三项考核内容展开介绍。21.C文章出处题。根据文章标题GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature“文学导论课程评分规则”以及Essays(60%)下的“thegradeforthiscourse(本课程的成绩)”和GroupAssignments(30%)下的“...Blackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem(...Blackboard，在线学习和课程管理系统)”可推知，本文是对一个文学导论课程评分规则的详细介绍，应该是选自课程方案。故选C。22.B细节理解题。根据三个小标题Essays(60%)、GroupAssignments(30%)和DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)中括号内的分数所占百分比可知，这三项加起来正好是100%，因此学生的期末成绩是由这三项考核内容组成的。故选B。23.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.”可知，如果在到期日第4天还没提交论文，将会得零分，因此晚交一周只能拿零分。故选A。【长难句分析】Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.(最后一段)分析：本句主干为Anessaywilllosealettergrade。notsubmittedinclassonduedate为过去分词短语作essay的后置定语；foreachclassperioditislate为时间状语修饰整个句子，其中itislate是省略when的定语从句，修饰eachclassperiod。译文：未按期在课堂上提交的论文，每迟交一节课，分数降一等级。【语块积累】

introductionn.入门课程，初级读物assignv.分派，布置（工作、任务等）submitv.提交，呈递groupassignment小组作业duedate截止日，到期日turnin提交，上交

文学导论的评分政策

分级表

90-100，A；80-89，B；70-79，C；60-69，D；60分以下，E；

论文（60%）

您的四篇主要论文将结合起来构成本课程成绩的主要部分：论文1=10%；论文2-15%；论文3=15%；论文4=20%。

小组作业（30%）

学生将在课程期间分组完成四项作业(作业)。所有作业将在指定日期之前通过我们的在线学习和课程管理系统Blackboard提交。

日常工作/课堂写作和测试/小组工作/家庭作业(10%)

课堂活动每天都会有所不同，但学生必须准备好完成简短的课堂写作或测试，这些作品或测试直接来自前一节课的讲座/讨论的指定阅读或笔记，因此在课堂上仔细做笔记很重要。此外，我会不时分配在课堂上完成的小组作业或在家中完成的短期作业，这两项作业都将被评分。

迟交的作业

截止日期之前未在课堂上提交的论文将因每延迟一节课而降低一个字母等级。如果在到期日后的第4天之前没有上交，它将得零分。上课期间未完成的每日作业将得到零。由于借口缺席而错过的短篇文章将被接受。BLikemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula（芝麻菜）wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,"foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,"asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth'scoverstory.It'sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly"（butquiteeatable）vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,"iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld."Ifthat'shardtounderstand,let'skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it'smorelike12bonesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished（有瑕疵的）producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdon'tthink."Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon'teat,"Curtinsays.24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.25.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetext?A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.26.WhatdoesCurtin'scompanydo?A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.C.IthelpslocalfarmersgrowfruitsD.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.27.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.B.Reducefoodconsumption.C.Goshoppingonceaweek.D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.B本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章呼吁人们节约粮食，减少浪费，珍惜劳动成果，保护自然资源。24.B推理判断题。根据第一段“Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.”以及“ButIendedupworkinglate...unthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch.”可知，作者有心避免浪费食物，但却因加班、与朋友聚餐以及买得太多而使得芝麻菜腐坏，由此推断我们有时会在无意中浪费食物。B选项中的unintentionally与文中的unthinkingly意思相近。故选B。25.B细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater...anenvironmentalproblem.”可知，食物浪费会引发环境问题。故选B。26.D细节理解题。根据第四段，尤其第三句“CurtinisCEOof...recoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.”可知，Curtin所在的公司旨在将人们不想要的食品转化为健康的食物。故选D。27.A细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessary...notincludethesidedishyouwon’teat.”可知，Curtin建议人们通过仅购买所需食品，以及让餐馆不用提供自己不吃的配菜来减少食物浪费。故选A。【长难句分析】Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.(第三段)分析：本句主干为Producingfoodwastesthewater,fuel,andotherresources。Producingfood为现在分词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；thatnooneeats为that引导的定语从句，修饰food；usedtogrowit为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰thewater,fuel,andotherresources。译文：生产的食物没有人吃，会浪费生产过程中所用的水、燃料和其他资源。【语块积累】stickv.把……放（某处）

unthinkinglyadv.考虑不周地，莽撞地jaw-droppingadj.令人震惊的

producen.（尤指）农产品wayadv.[熟词僻义]非常

nearv.[熟词僻义]（时间或空间）接近，靠近bemindfulof...注意，留心……gotowaste被浪费掉，被扔掉roundout使完美，圆满结束，圆满完成endup最终成为，最后处于asdayspassed日子一天天过去downtheroad今后，将来

像我们大多数人一样，我总是留心浪费掉的食物。芝麻菜(芝麻菜)用来做一份美味的绿色沙拉，使一顿烤鸡晚餐变的圆满。但最后我工作到很晚。然后朋友们打电话来，邀请共进晚餐。我把鸡塞进了冰箱里。但随着时间的流逝，芝麻菜变质了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西。我本可以用我扔掉的东西做六份沙拉。

在一个每年有近8亿人挨饿的世界里，“食物浪费违背了道德品质”，正如伊丽莎白•罗伊特(ElizabethRovte)在本月的封面故事中所写的那样。令人瞠目结舌的是，有多少完美的食物被扔掉了-从杂货店拒绝的“丑陋”(但相当可吃)的蔬菜到扔进餐馆垃圾桶的大量未吃的菜肴。

生产无人食用的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水，养料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将成为世界第三大温室气体生产国。

如果这很难理解，咱们就把它当作冰箱后面的芝麻菜一样简单。迈克·科廷(MikeCurtin)一直在看我的芝麻菜故事-但对他来说，这更像是临近尾期的12盒捐赠的草莓。科廷是华盛顿区中央厨房的首席执行官，这个中央厨房可以恢复食物并将其转化为健康的膳食。去年，它通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵(有瑕疵的)产品回收了超过807，500磅的食物，否则这些产品会在田间腐烂。草莓呢?志愿者将清洗，切割，冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上用餐时使用。

这样的方法似乎是显而易见的，我们常常只是不这么认为。“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周购物中不购买超过必要食物，还是要求餐馆不要上你不会吃的配菜。CTheelderlyresidents（居民）incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善组织）toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople'swellbeing,Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:“IusedtokeephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool."Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseethey'vegonetobed."It'sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I'menjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful."Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:"Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere."LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:"Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities."28.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes.B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfortheaged.C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch.D.Topromotetheelderlypeople'swelfare.29.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.B.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement.C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.D.Shehasdevelopedastrongpersonality.30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"embarkon"meaninparagraph7?A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.31.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itneedstobemorecreative.C.Itishighlyprofitable.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.C本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国一家慈善机构发起了一个让养老院老人养鸡的项目，以缓解老年人的孤独感，这个项目受到老年人的欢迎。28.D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Theprojectwasdreamedup...toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople’swellbeing.”可知，这个项目的目的是为了缓解老年人的孤独感和提升他们的幸福感。D项中的promote和welfare分别对应文中的improve和wellbeing。故选D。29.B推理判断题。根据第五段“It’sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus...I’menjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.”可知，RuthXavier喜欢养鸡，做些有用的事让她感觉很好，由此可推断出她从养鸡这件事中获得了成就感。故选B。30.C词义猜测题。根据embarkon前面的“oneofthefirst”及其后面的“Residentsreallywelcometheideaof”可知，此处指WendyWilson是最早发起这个项目的人之一，embarkon与C项begin意思相近。故选C。31.A推理判断题。根据最后两段中“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheproject...Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.”可知，人们欣然接受这个项目并且乐于参与，也就是这个项目很受大家欢迎。故选A。【亮点句积累】1.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.(第二段)这个项目也用来帮助患有痴呆（一种严重的精神疾病）的病人。2.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.(倒数第二段)我们期待看到项目给那里的人们带来益处和欢乐。【语块积累】carehome养老院，护理院dreamup凭空想象出，虚构出improveone’swellbeing提升幸福感/福祉dementian.痴呆beinuse在使用中financialsupport资金支持rollout正式推出（新产品）embarkon从事，着手，开始

伦敦养老院给老人母鸡让他们去照顾，以防止他们感到孤独。

该项目由当地慈善机构构想，旨在减少孤独感，提升老年人的幸福感。它也被用来帮助患有痴呆症的患者，痴呆症是一种严重的精神疾病。养老院的工作人员报告说，在使用母鸡的养老院，药物的使用有所减少。

参与该项目的人中有80岁的RuthXavier。她说:“我年轻时养过母鸡，每天早上上学前都要准备它们的早餐。”

“我非常喜欢这个项目。早上把母鸡赶出去，我坐在轮椅上感到失落，晚上看着它们去睡觉，我也感到失落。”

“有不同的关注点是件好事。人们一直带着他们的孩子进来看母鸡，居民们来坐在外面看它们。我很喜欢这些创意活动，做一些有用的事情感觉很棒。

现在，东北20家养老院里有700名老人在照顾母鸡，并且该慈善机构已获得财政支持，在全国范围内推广。

PenfoldStreet60号的额外护理经理WendyWilson是首批开始进行该项目的人之一，她说:“居民们非常喜爱这个项目的想法和创意环节。我们期待着这个项目能给这里的人们带来的好处和乐趣。

NottingHillPathways的主任LynnLewis说:“我们很高兴参与这个项目。这将真正有助于我们的居民通过共同的兴趣和创造性的活动建立联系。DHumanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon"m"and"a"totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld'slanguages.Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas"f"and"v",weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamiánBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned（对齐）,makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure（结构）,makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn'thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn'tgrowtobesolarge.AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof"f"and"v"increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago."Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,"saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamiánBlasi'sresearchfocuson?A.Itsvariety.B.Itsdistribution.C.Itsquantity.D.Itsdevelopment.33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlower