2020近五年高考英语语法填空非谓语动词总结

2020近五年高考英语语法填空非谓语动词总结2019年全国卷IModernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.Scientistshaverespondedby67(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.参考答案：64.toperform该句为“be+形容词+不定式”结构，主语methods与谓语动词perform为被动关系，但需用不定式的主动式作状语。67.noting介词后用note的动词-ing形式noting作宾语。全国卷IIA90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for61(be)Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans65(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Whenwegotacall68(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.参考答案:61.being介词后用动词-ing形式作宾语。65.toretire名词plan后接不定式作后置定语。68.saying名词call与say之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。全国卷IIIOnourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake62(get)there.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,70(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.参考答案:toget分析句子结构可知，ittakes+时间+todosth中，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。70.listening主语we与listen之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。浙江卷Butsomestudentsdidn'twant63(wear)theuniform.参考答案:towearwant后通常接不定式todosth。2018年全国卷IYoudon'thavetorunfastorforlong62(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunning.参考答案：tosee根据句意“要见到效果，你不必快跑或长时间地跑”，tosee作目的状语。dying介词后用die的动名词形式dying。全国卷IIAnotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve)waterquality.China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,"saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.参考答案：toimprove根据语境“改善水质”是“政府鼓励农民种玉米而不种水稻”的目的，动词不定式作目的状语。feedingwhen/while+现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于when/while引导的时间状语从句。全国卷IIIIquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid64(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel65(challenge).Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme70(stay)andwatch.参考答案：lookingavoid后接动名词作宾语。avoiddoingsth意为“避免做某事”。challenged主语he与challenge(对……挑战)之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。70.tostayallowsbtodosth是固定结构，意为“允许某人做某事”，因此应填tostay。浙江卷Istillremember59(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshockedwhenIlearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.参考答案:59.visitingrememberdoingsth意为“记得做过某事”。2017年全国卷IFatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.参考答案:63.toprocess根据语境“需要它们(脂肪和盐)来处理食物”和关键词required可知，此处应填toprocess。68.eating“by+动名词”作方式状语。此处意为“吃大量的快餐，人们将摄入超过他们饮食所需的盐和油脂”。全国卷IIThisincludeddigginguptheroad,63(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.参考答案：63.laying63(lay)thetrack和上文的digginguptheroad及下文的buildingastrongroof...是并列结构，因此用laying。全国卷IIIButunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term61(rest).ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants65(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.参考答案：61.restingspend+一段时间+doingsth是固定结构,故填resting。65.toprovewant后通常接不定式todosth。浙江卷Sixteenyearsearlier,Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondring61(cook)ameal.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot63(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbish.参考答案：61.tocook由语境“Pahlsson摘掉戒指去做饭”可知，不定式短语作状语，表目的。63.swept句子主语ring与sweep之间为被动关系，因此用过去分词形式。2016年全国卷IButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,whenIwasthefirstWesternTVreporter66(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude67(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.参考答案：permitted被修饰的名词和permit之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。introducinginclude后面跟动词-ing形式作宾语，故填introducing。全国卷IIIfyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you’llbelesslikely69(bring)yourworkhome.参考答案:69.tobringbelikelytodosth是固定结构，意为“可能做某事"，故填tobring。全国卷IIISkilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal63(create)specialdesigns.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,64(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.参考答案：tocreate根据句意可知，这里用不定式表目的，故填tocreate。using根据语境可知，use的逻辑主语是people，两者是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，故填using。2015年全国卷IAstudyoftravelers68(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysitregularlyarrangesquickgatewayshereforpeople70(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.参考答案：68.conducted主语astudy与conduct之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。70.living被修饰的名词与live之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。全国卷IITheadobedwellings(土坯房)61(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeventhemostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout64(use)electricequipment.Whenanewdaybrea