(讲练测)2017年高考英语一轮复习Unit4Astronmythescienceofthestars(测)(含解析)新人教版必修

Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars班级_________________姓名_____________考号_________________得分_______________________I语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)上学期开学考试】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。wwasit?”Isaidthewordsas2asIcouldtoshowmyexcitement,eventhoughIsensedtheanswerwasnotgoingtobe3.Shesighedheavily,“Nooneever4onthatbus.Theyallsittherequietlyandlooksad.Ionlyseeaboutthirteen5oldladiesandmen.”My6forhersituationgraspedmystomach.Mydadhadrecentlypassedaway,andhissuddenleavemademymother7andto8,soDaddrovehereverywhere.Now,herwheelsweregone,asonegrandchildtaketheseniorbus.However,Ifirmlybelievedthe11wouldn’tlasttoolong,forMomwassooutgoingandactivethatshecouldchatwithalmosteverybodywhomshemetinthestreet.aword.SoonemorningwhenI15,Igreetedthemandthenremarkedthatwhataandalwayshavesomegood17onthebus,”shereplied.relationshipherfriendsonthebus.1.A.orderB.instructionC.answerD.request2.A.fluentlyB.cheerfullyC.patientlyD.quietly3.A.typicalB.reasonableC.similarD.positive4.A.talksB.eatsC.drinksD.sleeps5.A.conservativeB.depressedC.surprisedD.cautious6.A.angerB.excitementC.sympathyD.forgiveness7.A.stubbornB.selfishC.acuteD.lonely8.A.driveB.cookC.danceD.paint9.A.plannedB.describedC.copiedD.handled10.A.supportB.expectationC.patienceD.ourage11.A.silenceB.friendshipC.argumentD.sion12.A.complainedB.smiledC.sobbedD.appeared13.A.situationB.hardshipC.decisionD.14.A.forB.byC.withoutD.after15.A.passedbyB.gotonC.stoodupD.set16.A.apologizeB.escapeC.botherD.respond17.A.conversationsB.suggestionsC.examplesD.analysis18.A.fortuneB.heartsC.remarksD.19.A.sensitiveofficial20.A.honestyB.responsibleB.happinessC.friendlyC.imaginationD.DD.Freedom悄悄地；根据后文表现他的激动所以此处应该是高兴地。故选B。3.D考查句意理解。句意：即使我感觉到答案是不积极的。故选D。4.A考查动词。根据后文的Theyallsittherequietlyandlooksad.可知他们在公交车5.B考查形容词。根据上文可知他们是很沮丧的。故选B。原谅；句意：我对她所处的情况的同情引起了我的好奇心。故选C。7.D考查形容词。根据前文的内容可知，爸爸离开让妈妈很孤单、难过。故选D。此处指的是作者正确的描述了她的情况。故选B。10.D考查句意理解。句意：我知道她需要很大的勇气来决定乘公交车。根据前文也可知；故withalmosteverybodywhomshemetinthestreet.可知，此处应该是安静不会持续太久。12.B考查句意理解。根据后文可知她的眼里很高兴可知此处应该是她微笑了。故选B。t反应；句意：很快，他们开始作出回应，我们愉快地聊天。故选D。17.A考查句意理解。句意：现在我们是朋友，总是在公共汽车上有一些很好的对话。故选A。考点：考查故事类文章阅读届高三八月第一周周考】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词David:Mr.Smith,sorrytodisturbyou,butIreallyhavesomethingimportant1.us.hasfoursteps.Mr.Smith:Howmanyrobotswillweneed4.________allthen?David:Four.Thefirstrobotwillmeasureandmixthematerials5.________(use)intoboxes.Mr.Smith:Andwhatwillhappenwhenoneoftherobotsbreaksdown?David:Arepairman6.________(send)herebytherobotcompanywithinanhour.robotsrollingarounddoingthework?aywithoutfeelingtiredbutsurelytoyour7.________(satisfy).Whateveryoutheserobots.Mr.Smith:Iam10.________(total)infavourofyouridea.4.in.考查5.used.考查过去分词。此处是过去分词做定语修饰Thefirstrobot，指被用于制药的机器man和动词是被动关系，此处要用将来时的被动，故填willbesent.ction故用不定式的被动tobeobeyed.tohavedesiretodo机器考点：考查工作生活类对话阅读。ABCD项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项ATristandaCunha,a38–square–mileisland,isthefarthestinhabitedislandofitsnearest,St.Helena,andI,950mileswestofAfrica.DiscoveredbythebelongstoGreatBritainandhasapopulationofafewhundred.tofitsnearestneighborPitcairnIsland,and2,300mileswestofSouthAmerica.Themountainous64–square–mileislandwassettledaroundthe5thcentury，supposedlybypeoplewhowerelostatsea.Theyhadnoconnectionwiththeoutside1,000hugestonefigures,calledmoai,forwhichtheislandismostfamous.itsname.Today,2,000peopleliveontheChileanterritory(智利领土).Theyshareonestreet,asmallairport,andafewhoursoftelevisionperday.1.ItcanbelearnedfromthetextthattheislandofTristandaCunha________.A.wasnamedafteritsdiscovererB.gotitsnamefromHollandsettlersC.wasnamedbytheBritishgovernmentD.gotitsnamefromtheGuinnessBookofRecords2.Whichofthefollowingismostfamousformoai?A.TristandaCuha.B.PitcairnIsland.C.EasterIsland.D.St.Helena.3.WhichcountrydoesEasterIslandbelongto?A.Britain.B.Holland.C.Portugal.D.Chile.【解析】TristandaCunha群岛的一些地理情况及名字的由来及隶属情况。考点：考点：考历史类短文阅读。BaboutbecauseWaltDisneyinsistedthathecouldbuildanamusementparkthatwasanamusementpark.ataparkacrossthestreetfromtheDisneystudioinBurbank.TheideaofanamusementparkgrewinWalt’smindashetraveledthroughtheparkwouldbesuccessfulintheUnitedStatesifitoffereda“goodshow”thatfamiliescouldenjoytogether,wasclean,andhadfriendlyemployees.todevelopthepark,Disneyland,Inc.In1953hegotStanfordResearchInstitutetoexaminetheeconomicfutureofDisneylandandtofindtheperfectlocation.TheybrokegroundinJuly,1954,andoneyearlater,Disneylandopened.Within7weeks,amillionvisitorshadvisitedDisneyland,makingitoneofthebiggesttouristattractionsintheUS.WaltcombinedhistalentandhissenseofwhatthepublicwouldwantwithlotssomethingthatwassuccessfulbeyondWalt’sowndreams.4.WhatdidWaltDisneywanttoshowinhisplan?A.Hiscommercialsense.B.Disneystudio.C.Disneycharacters.D.Fantasysurroundings.5.WhatwouldasuccessfulamusementparkbelikeinWalt’sopinion?A.Itsservicewasfree.B.Itcouldshowfantasticprograms.C.Itincludedattractionsofallkinds.D.Itcouldmakefamiliessatisfied.6.WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderaboutDisneyland?a.Itopened.b.Theperfectlocationwasfound.c.Theybrokeground.d.Itprovedtobeagreatsuccess.e.Itsnamewasdecided.f.Waltshareditsoutlinewithhisfriends.A.f,e,b,c,a,dB.e,b,c,a,d,fC.f,e,c,b,a,dD.a,e,b,c,f,d5.D细节clean,andhadfriendlyemployees.可知，Walt认为成功的乐园就是让家人得到满足。故6.A细节理解题。根据文章的内容介绍可知，故选A。考点：考查故事类阅读C学期开学考试】Whenyougotothedoctor,youliketocomeawaywithaprescription．Itmakeswillbewell．Insuchcasesthedoctormayprescribeaplacebo．itismedicineandbeginstogetbetter．Howdoesthishappen?saythatifthemindisfooledintothinkingitgotmedicine，thenitwillactasifitdid，andthebodywillfeelbetter．Placebosdonotalwayswork．Thesuccessofthistreatmentseemstorestalotwiththerelationshipbetweenthepatientandthedoctor．Ifthepatienthasalotofall．ealotofhowyoureacttomedicineisinyourmindratherthaninyourbody．Somedoctorsstillthinkthatiftheplacebocanhavebadeffectsitshouldneverbeused．Theythinkthereisstillnotenoughknownaboutit．thanwethinkitis．Therearepeoplewhosayyoucanhealyourbodybyusingyourmind．Andtheinterestingthingisthatevenpeoplewhoswearthisisnotpossiblehavebeenhealedbyaplacebo．7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph5referto?A.Theplacebo.B.Thebadeffect.C.Thebody.D.Themedicine.8.Whatdoweknowaboutplaceboaccordingtothepassage?A.Itcontainssomesortofmedicine.B.Itwon’tfunctionifyouarenegativeaboutmedicine.C.Peoplewhodon’tbelieveplacebocan’tbehealedbyit.D.Patientsanddoctorsknowclearlyhowithelpstohealthebody.9.Whyisthedoctorsometimesthemostpowerfulplacebo?A.Thepatientneedshelpbadly．B.Thepatientbelievesinthedoctor．C.Thedoctorknowsbetteraboutyourbody．D.Thedoctorhascarefullystudiedmedicine．10.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Placebo：WorkonYourMindB.Placebo：TheMostPowerfulMedicineC.Placebo：TheBestDoctorD.Placebo：HealYourBody断题。根据文章第二段的Aplaceboisasugarpill，aharmlessshot，orailemptycapsule．可知安慰剂不会起到医学上的作用。故选B。9.B细节理解题。根据文章的描述有时候病人是不需要使用药物的，医生给病人开出安慰剂，病人觉得安慰剂有很大的作用是因为他们很相信医生。故选B。10.A主旨大意题。本文讲述的是有时候病人的病并不是需要真正的药物来医治，而是需要医生开一些安慰的药剂，这时候就会安慰病人的心理，病人的情绪得到舒缓从而有利于病情的痊愈。这被叫做安慰剂。通常是空的甜胶囊，作用于病人的心理，帮助他们调节心情，从而考点：考查科普类阅读【名师点睛】科普类的阅读理解一般为介绍科学知识、社会知识的文章。阅读这类短文时，要以文章事实1.加强整体意识，把握文章的主要内容。给重要的句子和关键词做上记号，特别是各段中心pill，aharmlessshot，orailemptycapsule．可知安慰剂不会起到医学上的作用。故选2.审清题干，弄清楚问题的要点，从文章对应处寻找答案。要熟悉科普类文章的结构特点。科普类文章一般由标题(Headline)，导语(Introduction)，背景(Background)，主体(Mainbody)和结尾(End)五部分构成。标题是文章中心思想高度而又精辟的概括，但根据历年的高考情况来看，这类阅读理解材料一般不给标题，而要同学们选择标题。导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概括的事实进行详细叙述，这一部分命题往往最多，因此，阅读时，同学们要把这部分作为重点。比如第31题：主旨大意题。本文讲述的是有时候病人的病并不是需要真正的药物来医治，而是需要医生开一些安慰的药剂，这时候就会安慰病人的心理，病人的情绪得到舒缓从而有利于病情的痊愈。这被叫做安慰剂。通常是空的甜胶囊，作用于病人的心理，帮助他们调节心情痊愈。故选A。结尾往往也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应，命题者常在此要设计一道推理判断题。考试】根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。UrbanizationUntilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.1Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyruralvillages.foraliving.ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.In1990,fewerthan5%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.3Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties,ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedrulingelite(精英)andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.farmtocity.Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancetofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers.A.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.B.Therestliveinsmalltowns.C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecomeurbansocieties.E.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.G.Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.【答案】F【解析】试题分析：文章的主题是城市化，讲述了城市化由过去城市规模小，农民人口多，到后来现代化之后，城市规模大，农民人口少的现象，体现了产量的增加，社会的变迁。1.E根据前一句“Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago”也只有很少一部分人生活在城市中。其他几个选项没有关于以前城市的描述。故选择E2.D根据前一句的“Britain