2022届福建省厦门市高三毕业班第二次质量检测英语试题（学生版）

厦门市2022届高三毕业班第二次质量检测英语本试卷共12页。满分150分。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Relaxed.B.Confident.C.Anxious.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Brotherandsister.C.Motherandson.3.WhosebookswillAmyprobablychoose?A.Dickens'.B.Agatha's.C.Conan's.4.Howdoesthewomanspeakerfindtheblanket?A.Lovely.B.Low-key.C.Expensive.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onafarm.B.Atachocolateshop.C.Inarestaurant.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howmuchdoesthemanspendonotherthingsmonthly?A.$300.B.$1,465.C.$2,365.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydotoreducethebudget?A.Bargainovertherent.B.Quitthegymmembership.C.Cutexpensesonshopping.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Afunrun.B.Acartoonshow.C.Free-giftdelivery.9.Whatwillthemando?A.Organizeafashiondesignshow.B.Wearacartooncharactercostume.C.Participateinmakingtoyclothes.10.Whydoesthewomanhelpthemanintheend?A.Toliveuptohisimage.B.Topushhimtoloseweight.C.Topreparehimfortheevent.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatisSimondoing?A.Exploringthecoastline.B.Takingscenicpictures.C.Sharinghisrecenttrip.12.WherewasSimonheadedafterlanding?A.Kyushu.B.BayofIslands.C.Rotorua.13.WhatmightimpressKatemost?A.Beacheswithclearwater.B.Maoricultureandhistory.C.Thebubblingmudpool.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Enjoyingabustour.B.Talkingonthephone.C.Makingatravelplan.15.Howfarisittothedestinationaccordingtotheman?A.About15minutes'ride.B.About30minutes'ride.C.About45minutes'ride.16.Wheredoesthemanlive?A.Intheheartofdowntown.B.Onthenorthsideofthepark.C.Onthesouthsideofthecity.17.WhydoesMinataketheman'ssuggestion?A.Toadjustherschedule.B.Toreachthedestinationfaster.C.Toimprovehersenseoftime.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhoisJohnRussell?A.Areporter.B.Adetective.C.Aresearcher.19.Whendotheseedsdateback?A.Over23,000years.B.21,130to22,800years.C.13,000to26,000years.20.WhichcontinentdidthepastmigrationpathlinkAlaskawith?A.Asia.B.Africa.C.America.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALetter1Yourarticle(November)mentionedadoctor'svisitfor“heatandcompression”treatment.Iboughtaninexpensivemicrowavablemoist-heateyecompressonlineanduseitforseveralminutesatbedtimetohelpopentheoilglands.Plus,thewarmthandritualhelpmerelaxandfallasleep.Nomoremessywashclothcompressesforme!—JulieEvansMinneapolis,MinnesotaLetter2TheQualityInninKodak,Tennessee,turningintoashelterduringahistoricwinterstormshowedsomuchkindnessthatIreadthestorytwice(November).ForSeanPateltoopenhishoteltolocalsinneedduringthestormandpoweroutage,atChristmastimeandforjust$25(thelowestpricethecorporateregulationswouldallow),waspriceless.ThetownisabetterplacebecauseofPatelandhisstaff.—AnnetteWolfeShelton,ConnecticutLetter3Yousuggestedusingtoothpickstoraiseapotlidandpreventthepotfromboilingover(October).Ipreventboiloversbyjustlayingawoodenspoonovertheopenpot.Thespoonwillpopmostofthebubblesoncontact—hasn'tfailedmeyet!—PamSnellgroveLaGrange,GeorgiaLetter4Thestoryaboutasnorkeler,CarterViss,wholosthisarmaftergettinghitbyaspeedboat(October)—andthenforgivingthedriver—wasamongthemostcompellingI'veeverread.Herewasastoryofhealthandloss,seaandshore,healingandthehopetoendureoutofthedarknessintothelight.Simplymarvelous!—LeanderJonesNorthport,Alabama1.WhichofthefollowinghighlightsLetter1?A.WeFoundaFix. B.DealingwithDryEye.C.RunOverbyaSpeedboat. D.SoNiceYouHavetoReadItTwice.2.Whoforgavethedriverafteranaccident?A.AnnetteWolfe. B.PamSnellgrove.C.CarterViss. D.LeanderJones.3.Whatdothesefourlettershaveincommon?A.Theyarenotesonpastissues. B.Theygiveadviceonhowtoread.C.Theyareremarksonhumanvirtues. D.Theyofferinformationabouthealth.BIliveinXizhouinYunnanProvince,onthehistoricTeaHorseRoad.IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn'timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.LastMay,ImetPaul.HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.IdecidedtoaccompanyPaulonhiswalktowardYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,wesetout.Ourdaysweresimple:walk,eat,sleep,andrepeat.Wewokeupatsunrise,setoffinhighspirits,andrestedatsunset,draggingourselvesintoexhaustedsleep.Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.Together,wewereimpressedbythebiodiversityoftheGaoligongMountains.AsIwalkedonancientpathsthroughmountains,Iseemedtoheartheantiquevoicesofpasttravelersurgingmetobecarefulontheroad.Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother'scultures.4.HowdidthewriterfirstrespondtoPaul'stravelplan?A.Scared. B.Puzzled. C.Disappointed. D.Surprised.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulSalopekfromparagraph2?A.Hewasawesternjournalist. B.HehadaknowledgeofChina.C.HecametoChinaseveraltimes. D.HewasJosephRock'sacquaintance.6.Whatdoesparagraph4tellusaboutthewriterandPaul?A.Theyhonoredtheancestors. B.Theysetoffinhighspirits.C.Theysatisfiedthelocals'curiosity. D.Theybuiltbondswithpeople.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthewriter'swritingthetext?A.Toshareandreflectonajourney. B.Tosuggestanewwayoftravel.C.Toadvocateprotectionofbiodiversity. D.TointroduceandpromoteChineseculture.CTimezoneswerecreatedbyrailroadofficialstodealwithamajorheadache.Itwasbecomingimpossibletoknowwhattimeitwas.AtthattimeeachtownorcityintheUSkeptitsownsolartime.“Fifty-sixstandardsoftimearenowemployedbythevariousrailroadsinpreparingtheirschedulesofrunningtime,”reportedTheNewYorkTimesonApril19,1883.In1883,railroadrepresentativesattendedtheGeneralRailroadTimeConvention.OnApril11,railroadofficialsagreedtocreatefivetimezonesinNorthAmerica.AndthenewstandardtookeffectonNovember18,1883.Thoughthenewtimestandardwasnotsanctionedbythefederalgovernment,theNavalObservatoryinWashingtonofferedtosend,bytelegraph,anewtimesignalsopeoplecouldsynchronize(同步)theirwatches.Mostpeoplehadnoobjectiontothenewtimestandard.AnarticleinTheNewYorkTimesonNovember16,1883noted,“ThepassengerfromChicagotoNewOrleans,canmaketheentirerunwithoutchanginghiswatch.”Asthetimechangewasinstitutedbytherailroads,andvoluntarilyacceptedbymanytownsandcities,someincidentsofconfusionappeared.AreportinThePhiladelphiaInquireronNovember21,1883,describedanincidentwhereadebtorhadbeenorderedtoreporttoaBostoncourtroombefore10:00.Heappearedat9:48,standardtime,butwasruledthatitwasafter10:00.Incidentslikethatdemonstratedtheneedforeveryonetoadoptthenewstandardtime.However,therewereobjections.AniteminTheNewYorkTimesonJune28,1884,detailedhowthecityofLouisvillehadgivenuponstandardtime.Louisvillesetallitsclocksahead18minutestoreturntosolartime.Bythe1890s,standardtimeandtimezoneswereacceptedasordinary.ThesuccessfuladoptionintheUSin1883setanexampleofhowtimezonescouldspreadacrosstheglobe.Thefollowingyear,aconferenceinPariscreatedthetimezonesworldwideandeventuallytheycameintouse.8.Whatwastheheadacheoftherailroadofficers?AVariousrailroads. B.Differentsolartimes.C.Endlessconferences. D.Frequentpresscoverage.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sanctioned”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Approved. B.Replaced.C.Tested. D.Raised.10.Evidenceofoppositiontostandardtimewasavailablein__________.A.TheNewYorkTimes(April19,1883)B.TheNewYorkTimes(November16,1883)C.ThePhiladelphiaInquirer(November21,1883)D.TheNewYorkTimes(June28,1884)11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?ATheUSsimplifiedtimezones. B.Pariscreateditstimezone.C.Timezoneswentworldwide. D.Timezonesprovedeffective.DComparedtometal,ceramics(陶瓷)canbetterresisthightemperaturesandcertainsevereenvironments,buttheyarefragile.Thispotentiallycausesproblemsforinnovatorstryingtocreatelightweightversionsofthesematerials,explainingwhyceramicmaterialsarenottypicallyusedasstructuralcomponents.Facingthechallengingtaskofdevelopinglightweight,high-strengthceramicmaterials,MechanicalEngineeringAssistantProfessorLingLihasturnedtotheknobbyseastarfromthetropicalIndo-Pacificfordesigninspiration.Seastarskeletons(骨骼)aremadeofaneasilybrokenmaterial.However,thebodyoftheseastardemonstrateshighstrengthandflexibility.Uncoveringtheprinciplesofthisstructuremayhelpsolvethechallengesofmakingstrongerceramics.Whattheteamfoundwasunexpected.Theskeletonoftheknobbystarconsistsofmanymillimeter-sizedskeletalelements.Liandhisteamdiscoveredthateachisconstructedofamicrolattice(微晶)structuresouniformthatitcanbedescribedmathematically.Evenmoreinteresting,theteamfoundtheuniformstructureofthemicrolatticeisessentiallyasinglecrystalstructureatatomiclevel.Basedonthefinding,Liandhiscollaboratorsused3Dprintingtomodelandgeneratelarge-scaleversionsofthesecomplexlatticestructures,ausefulapproachinunderstandingthecomplexityoftheseuniquegeometries.Whilethe3D-printedmodelscreatedbyLi'steamwereindeedvisuallyinspiring,thetechnologyneededtobringnew,strongerceramicmicro-architecturestomarketstilllayinthefuture.Currently,3Dprintersproducestructuresatthemicrometerlevel,butprintingceramicsstillrequiresfiringthefinalproduct,whichpossiblyintroducesmanyuncontrolledtinyholesandcracks.Thesemakethestructuresextremelyfragile.Lihopesthatcontinuedadvancesinthefieldof3Dprintingandfurtherunderstandingoftheformationmechanismsofbiologicalstructureslikeseastarskeletonseventuallyofferasolution.12.WhatdoesLi'steammainlyfocusontoimproveceramics?A.Theirstrength. B.Theirflexibility.C.Theirheat-resistance. D.Theirmaincomponent.13.Inwhichaspectdotheresearchersexploreseastarskeletons?A.Function. B.Material. C.Structure. D.Size.14.Whatisabarriertothepracticalapplicationofthefinding?A.Theinabilitytoprinttinystructures.B.Thefailuretoproducealargerseastarmodel.C.Inadequatetechnologyinheatingproducts.D.Misunderstandinginthenatureofceramics.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheSecretinFragileSkeletonsB.3DPrintingforSeaStarModelsC.CeramicsasPerfectStructuralComponentsD.AStarintheWorldofCeramicEngineering第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Researchshowsthatwespendone-thirdtoone-halfofourwakinglifenotlivinginthepresent.___16___Ourbrainstransportustopastevents,imaginedfuturescenesandotherinternalthoughts.Thisallowsforintrospection(内省)—thespacetoimagine,remember,reflectandthenusethesefantasiestosolveproblems,innovateandcreate.Butintrospectioncansometimesleadtomoreharmthangood.___17___Whenwefocusinwardtoworkthroughourproblems,wemayfindthatdoingsocausesustofeelworse.Negativethoughtcycleslikethiscanmakeourcapacityforintrospectionfeelmorelikeacursethanablessing.Thefactthatintrospectionisbothahelpfultoolanddestructiveforceisagreatcontradictionofthehumanmind.Fortunately,sciencehasbeguntoexplainwhythishappens,andhowtocontrolit.___18___Thisfiresupouremotionstothedegreeofrejectingalternativewaysofthinkingabouttheissuethatmightcoolusdown.Inotherwords,weloseinsight.Onenaturalsolutiontothisproblemistozoomout—to“stepback”fromyourproblemssoyoucanthinkaboutthemmoreobjectively.___19___However,notjustanyconversationwilldo.Thekeyistofocusontalkingtopeoplewhonotonlyallowyoutoexpressyouremotionsbutalsohelpbroadenyourhorizons.Introspectioniscentraltothemakeupofthehumanmind.Thechallengeistominimizethenegativeaspectswhileachievingitspotential.___20___A.Butitcanbewonderfultoliveinthepast.BWenaturallyseparatefromthehereandnow.C.Itmightcontributetoanxietyanddepression.D.Anotherwaytogaininsightistotalktoothers.E.Regulatingnegativeemotionsalsohelpstoreasonwisely.F.Negativethoughtcyclesoccurwhenwezoomintoocloseonourproblems.G.Beingawareofhowourmindsworkcanhelpusmakethebestofintrospection.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iloveandenjoyplayingthepiano.Sowhentherecital(音乐演奏会)was___21___,Iwasdisappointed.Ihadexpecteditforlongandalready___22___mybestsongs.However,Momturnedthis___23___intosomethingworthwhile.“Youshould___24___atCarriageHouseManor.I'msurethe___25___therewouldreallyappreciatethemusic.”Tome,thiswasawin-winsituationbecausenotonlywouldIplaymoresongs,butIhavethechanceto___26___theresidents,someofwhomtragicallydidn'thavefamilies.Themuch-anticipatedday___27___arrived.Steppingintothediningarea,Isawseveralgray-hairedpeopleseeminglyenjoyingadinnerandthe___28___.Despiteon-goingconversationsattables,___29___stillhunglikeadarkcloudintheroom.Afterintroductions,Isatdowninfrontofthepiano,butterfliesinmystomach.Butmy____30____meltedawayasIplayedon.Thedinnerhourflewby.Onewomangotupandbegantocheerfully____31____abouttheroomtothebeatofthe____32____whileotherssnappedtheirfingers(打响指).Iwas____33____toseehowmusicbroughtbigsmilestotheirfaces.Callingofftherecitalwasablessingbecauseitledtous____34____thegiftofmusicwiththosewhoneededitmost.Gospread____35____wheneverpossible.21.A.cancelled B.sponsored C.organized D.postponed22.A.recorded B.prepared C.composed D.sung23.A.burnout B.letdown C.getaway D.turnaround24.A.relax B.investigate C.perform D.wait25.A.seniors B.nurses C.guards D.musicians26.A.cheerup B.settledown C.commenton D.huntfor27.A.simply B.accidentally C.finally D.nearly28.A.freedom B.vacation C.company D.privilege29.A.silence B.horror C.confusion D.loneliness30.A.desperation B.nervousness C.frustration D.embarrassment31.A.spin B.wander C.dance D.glance32A.drums B.heart C.words D.music33.A.determined B.upset C.curious D.amazed34.A.carrying B.exchanging C.discussing D.sharing35.A.faith B.kindness C.message D.awareness第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ManyexcellentwarshipcrewshavebeentrainedonaircraftcarriertheLiaoningofthePeople'sLiberationArmyNavy.Astheonlyfemaledeckoperationofficeronit,RemilaDabulofKazakethnicity(哈萨克族),whosestory___36___(report)bythemediainJanuary,hasattractedmuchpublicattention.Beforeworkingonthedeck,Remilawasaradarandtelephone___37___(operate).ButwhenshefirstsawaJ-15fightertakingoff,theideaofworkingalongsideitcrossedhermind.___38___eagerwasshetobeacrewmemberthatsheovercamemanydifficultiesandultimatelybecame___39___(qualify).Duringherwork,Remilawearsabluehelmet,goggles,andbluesuits.AfteraJ-15lands,___40___sheneedstodoiscarrytheheavywireafter___41___(get)signalsandruntothefightertotakeaseriesofactionsforaquickinstallation.“Thehigherriskourworkis,the___42___(firm)beliefweshouldhave,”saidRemila.Shehasputherbelief___43___practiceinherdailysecurityandguaranteework.Thisyear,Remilaspenther___44___(five)SpringFestivalaboardthecarrier.Remilasaid,“ImissmyparentsinXinjiang.Ilovemycareerand____45____(be)willingtoshouldertheresponsibilitytosafeguardthehappinessandpeacefullifeofmillionsoffamiliesinthemotherland.”第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.你校英语俱乐部将举办英语演讲比赛，请以FamilyEducationShapesMe为主题，写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1.良好的家庭教育方式；2.成长的启示。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ShriekingToadandDancingAntKidsgotnicknamesatasummercamp,andmineisShriekingToad(尖叫的蛤蟆).IguessitwasmyfaultthatIcouldn'tgetacoolone.Abunchofuscamperswereonourfirstnaturewalk.Whenwebrokeforlunch,wesatdownonlogs.Iwasonmynutswhenatreefrogdroppedontomyshirtfromthebranchesabove.Ishrieked.ItwastotallyunconsciousandIdidn'tevenknowIcouldmakeasoundlikethat.MostkidsforgotaboutitexceptStan.Whenev