2020-2021学年新外研版选择性必修2UNIT3TIMESCHANGEPERIOD3USINGLANGUAGE语法精析课作业

课时素养检测十一Unit3Period3Ⅰ.阅读理解BuiltduringtheHellenisicperiod(希腊文化时代),sometimebetween324and246BCE,theGreatLibraryofAlexandriaissaidtobeanarchitecturalwonderofancientEgypt.Moreimportantly,thelibraryhousedavastcollectionofworksfromallacrosstheancientworldandwasamajorcenterofscholarship.Thelibrarywaschargedwithanimportanttaskofcollectingalloftheworld’sbooks,andemployedmanymethodstoacquirenewworks.Awell-fundedacquisitionsdepartmentsearchedthebookfairsofRhodesandAthens,buyingindividualtextsorevenwholelibraries.ShipsthatlandedattheharborofInaddition,theworkersandscholarsoftheGreatLibrarytranslatedtextsfromaroundtheworldintoGreek.SomeofthefirsttranslationsofBiblicaltextsintoGreekmayhavetakenplaceatthelibraryinthetimeofPtolemyI.Muchworkwasdonetoeditauthoritativeversions(权威版)oftheHomericmyths(荷马时代的神话)forwhichtheGreeksaresowellknowntoday,andthesewereonlyafewofthegreatworksoftranslationandeditingthattookplaceinAlexandriaintheHellenisticperiod.Itisironic(讽刺的)thatthefateoftheGreatLibrary—aninstitutiondevotedtothecollectionandpreservationofknowledge—iscoveredinmythandmystery.Manysourcessaythelibraryburneddown,butthedateisuncertain.Itmayhaveburneddownmorethanonce,eitherbyaccident,ordesign.Smallersisterinstitutionsmayhavesurvivedtheoriginallibrary,onlytobedestroyedlater.TheGreatLibrary,orsomeversionofit,couldhavesurvivedforanywherebetween300and1,000years.Howeveritended,therecanbelittledoubtthatthescholarshipoftheGreatLibraryhadagreatandlastingeffectonhistory,andtheworksthatwerekept,translated,orcreatedtherehavehadagreatinfluenceonourcultureeventothepresentday.【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了亚历山大大图书馆。它不仅是古埃及的建筑奇迹,同时也承担了收集世界各地图书的重担。但是人们却无从知道这个图书馆是如何消失的;不管其结局如何,它对历史甚至现在的文化都产生了巨大影响。1.WhatcanbeinferredfromthetextabouttheGreatLibraryofAlexandria?A.ItwasmainlyfinancedbyPtolemyI.B.Someworksofitsurvivetothepresentday.C.MostGreekmythswereoriginallycreatedatit.D.Itaimedtobecometheworld’sknowledgecenter.【解析】选D。推理判断题。从第一段中的Moreimportantly,thelibraryhousedavastcollectionofworks...andemployedmanymethodstoacquirenewworks.可知,亚历山大大图书馆的目标是变成世界上的知识中心。2.HowdoestheauthorexplainthetranslationandeditingworkoftheGreatLibrary?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Byfollowingspaceorder.C.Bydescribingthedifference.D.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.【解析】选A。推理判断题。作者在第二段中提到了SomeofthefirsttranslationsofBiblicaltextsintoGreekmayhavetakenplaceatthelibraryinthetimeofPtolemyI.MuchworkwasdonetoeditauthoritativeversionsoftheHomericmythsforwhichtheGreeksaresowellknowntoday,andthesewereonlyafewofthegreatworksoftranslationandeditingthattookplaceinAlexandriaintheHellenisticperiod.等具体事例来说明,大图书馆的图书的翻译和编辑工作是如何进行的。3.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheGreatLibrary?A.Itwastedtoomuchmoney.B.Itinspiredmodernlibraries.C.Itwasinfluentialandvaluable.D.Itwastoomysterioustobetrue.【解析】选C。推理判断题。从文章最后一段中的Howeveritended,therecanbelittledoubtthatthescholarshipoftheGreatLibraryhadagreatandlastingeffectonhistory,andtheworksthatwerekept,translated,orcreatedtherehavehadagreatinfluenceonourcultureeventothepresentday.可推知,作者在充分肯定亚历山大大图书馆产生的深远影响及文化价值。4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.TheGreatLibrary’sbriefhistory.B.TheGreatLibrary’sdisappearance.C.Theeffectoftwoancientcivilizations.D.Theroleoflibrariesthroughouthistory.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章以三个段落的内容介绍了亚历山大大图书馆从建立之初的图书收集工作、图书馆的编辑和翻译工作、图书馆神秘的消失以及它的历史影响。因此,该篇主要内容是简单介绍这个图书馆的历史。Ⅱ.完形填空TheAdamsfamilyhomehasbeentakenoverbyorigami(折纸)inallsizesandshapes.Nooneseemsto1though.Thosepapercreationsare2cleanwaterprojectsaroundtheworldandsavinglives.Amessyhomeisasmallpricetopay3.

In2011,IsabelleAdamsandhersisterKatherinelearnedthateveryfivesecondsachilddiedfrom4ofcleanwaterandthatgirlsoftheiragecouldn’tgotoschool5theywerefetchingwateralldayfortheirfamilies.They6todosomething.

“Sowetooksomethingthatweloveddoing—foldingorigami,withthe7goaltohelpfundawellinEthiopia,”explainsKatherine.8,theyendedupsellingoutandraisingfarmorethanthattofully9thecostofthewell.

Katherine,now13,adds,“Itjustsnowballed,10thefoundingoftheprojectPaperforWater.”Ineightyears,thisprojecthas11morethan2millionforover200waterprojectsin20differentcountries.

Now,therestoftheAdamsfamilyarealso12.Butattheheartofit,beneathcountlesspaperdecorationssittwoboldsistershopingto13othergirlsandboys.“Kidshaveanincredibleabilitytomakeareal14totheworldifthey’rejustgiventhechance,”Isabellesays,“andifpeople15themintheirefforts.”

【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。当IsabelleAdams和她的妹妹Katherine得知世界上每五秒钟就有一名儿童因缺乏清洁水死亡及同龄女孩因整天为家人取水而无法上学后,她们决定通过折纸的方式来为挖水井募集资金。在她们的带动下,其他家庭成员也加入了这一行动。Isabelle说,只要给孩子们机会和支持,他们也能影响世界。1.A.mindB.noticeC.appreciate D.remember【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。mind介意;notice注意到;appreciate感激;remember记住。由下文Adams一家帮助缺水儿童这件事可知他们对家里到处充斥着折纸这件事并不介意。2.A.decorating B.rewardingC.attracting D.funding【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。decorating装饰;rewarding奖励;attracting吸引;funding资助。由下文中的cleanwaterprojectsaroundtheworldandsavinglives可知这些纸制品将用于资助世界各地的清洁水项目,拯救生命。3.A.inexchange B.inturnC.inreturn D.inresponse【解析】选A。考查介词短语辨析。inexchange作为交换;inturn反过来;inreturn作为报答;inresponse作为回答。因为折纸而凌乱的家换来的是这些折纸将要资助的世界各地的清洁水项目,拯救的是生命。4.A.pollutionB.lossC.lackD.waste【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。pollution污染;loss损失;lack缺少;waste浪费。从下文的theywerefetchingwateralldayfortheirfamilies女孩整天为家人取水,可知是缺乏可用的清洁水。5.A.although B.because C.unless D.while【解析】选B。考查连接词辨析。句意:2011年,IsabelleAdams和她的妹妹Katherine得知,每五秒钟就有一名儿童死于缺乏清洁水,同龄的女孩无法上学,因为她们整天为家人取水。although尽管;because因为;unless除非;while当……时候。本句为原因状语从句,用because。6.A.hesitated B.decidedC.happened D.demanded【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。hesitated犹豫;decided决定;happened发生;demanded要求。从下文可知,当她们了解了缺水儿童的情况后,决定要做点事情来帮助他们。7.A.lifelong B.individual C.original D.solid【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。lifelong终身的;individual个人的;original最初的,原来的;solid坚固的。从上文可知,姐妹二人了解到缺水儿童的情况后,她们最初的目标就是为他们资助一口水井。8.A.Obviously B.UnexpectedlyC.Suddenly D.Gradually【解析】选B。考查副词辨析。obviously明显地;unexpectedly意外地;suddenly突然;gradually逐渐地。从下文的theyendedupsellingoutandraisingfarmore可知,出乎意料的是,她们最终卖完了折纸,筹集到的钱远超她们的预期。9.A.spend B.fill C.offer D.cover【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。spend花费;fill装满;offer提供;cover足以支付费用。根据上文可知,她们筹集到的资金足以完全支付水井的花费。10.A.tryingout B.dependingonC.contributingto D.appealingto【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。tryingout尝试;dependingon取决于;contributingto有助于;appealingto使感兴趣。从下文可知,Katherine和Isabelle为PaperforWater项目的建立做出了贡献。11.A.saved B.borrowed C.earned D.collected【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。saved拯救;borrowed借来;earned挣得;collected筹集。由下文可知,在8年的时间里,这个项目已经为20个不同国家的200多个水利项目筹集了200多万美元。12.A.involved B.praisedC.recognized D.employed【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。involved参与,涉及;praised称赞;recognized辨认;employed雇佣。结合上文可知,Adams家族的其他成员也参与进来。13.A.satisfy B.inspire C.inform D.comfort【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。satisfy满足;inspire激励,鼓舞;inform通知;comfort安慰。由下文可知,两姐妹希望用自己的行动来激励其他人。14.A.judgmentB.senseC.difference D.connection【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意:Isabelle说:“孩子们有一种不可思议的能力,只要他们有机会,只要人们支持他们的努力,他们就能真正影响世界。”judgment判断;sense感觉;difference差异;connection连接。此处考查短语makeadifference“有影响,有关系”。15.A.support B.persuade C.welcome D.award【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。support支持;persuade说服;welcome欢迎;award奖励。由上文ifthey’rejustgiventhechance可知,只要孩子们有机会和有人支持,他们就能影响世界。Ⅲ.语法填空Nowadays,timetravelisjustabouteverywhereyoulook,1.__________filmstoTVshowsandevenliterature.Oursocietyhasbecomeobsessedwiththeideaoftravelingthroughtime.

However,thatwasn’ttruejust150yearsago.ThegatewasopenedbyH.G.Wells’novel,TheTimeMachine,which2.__________(publish)in1895.Inthisbook,Wellsdescribesamanwhobuildsamachinethatenableshim3.__________(move)throughoutthecourseofhistoryandintothefuture.Thestoryisimportantbecauseitviewstimeassomething4.__________(flow).

Beforethisbookcameout,timewas5.__________(basic)viewedasaone-waystreet.Youcouldonlygoforward,andonlyatonespeed.Inthisway,Wells’6.__________(create)accounttransformedthewaypeopleviewedtimeandtimetravel.

Itwassosuccessfullargelybecauseitcameoutattheendof19thcenturywhentremendouschangewasintheair.Asthe7.__________(twenty)centurydawned,peoplewerebecomingincrediblyexcitedforthefuture.Itwasaperiodofhugetechnologicalaswellasscientific8.__________(grow)and,forthefirsttimeever,peoplewerelivinginawaythatwasdramaticallydifferentfrom9.__________generationbeforethem.

Inotherwords,itwasthefirsttimethatthepast,futureandpresentwouldbeentirelydifferent.Thissimplehistoricalmomentis10.__________madetimetravelsofascinating.

【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了时光旅行的相关内容。1.【解析】from。考查介词。根据语境可知,此处表示从电影到电视节目甚至文学作品,应用“from...to...”搭配,所以填介词from。2.【解析】waspublished。考查动词的时态和语态。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,此处主语which指代TheTimeMachine,为第三人称单数,与publish是动宾关系,且由句中的时间状语“in1895”可知,应用一般过去时,故填waspublished。3.【解析】tomove。考查非谓语动词。enablesb.todosth.意为“能让某人做某事”,是固定用法,所以填动词不定式作宾语补足语。4.【解析】flowing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作something的定语,且flow和something构成逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语。5.【解析】basically。考查词性转换。修饰动词一般用副词,故填副词basically修饰动词viewed,在句子中作状语。6.【解析】creative。考查词性转换。根据空前的Wells’和空后的名词account“叙述”可知,空处应用形容词creative,在句子中作定语。7.【解析】twentieth。考查序数词。根据空前的the和空后的century可知,此处指“20世纪”,应填序数词。8.【解析】growth。考查词性转换。形容词可修饰名词,作定语,且根据语境可知,此处表示科技发展,所以空处应填名词形式growth。9.【解析】the。考查冠词。根据句意可知,此处表示上一代人,表示特指,所以填定冠词the。10.【解析】what。考查连接词。分析句子结构可知,此处是一个表语从句,且空处在从句中作主语,表示“……的事物”,故应填what。阅读理解Uptillabout130yearsago,newspapersintheUnitedStatesattractedonlythemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustration(插图)andthearticleswereaboutpoliticsorbusiness.Twomenchangedthat—JosephPulitzerboughttheNewYorkWorldandWilliamRandolphHearstoftheNewYorkJournal.PulitzerboughtIn1895,HearstcametoNewYorkfromCalifornia.HewantedtheJournaltobemoreexcitingthantheWorld.Healsowantedittobecheaper,soheloweredthepricetoapenny.Hearstattractedattentionbecausehisnewspaperheadingswerebiggerthananyoneelse’s.Heoftensays,“Bigprintmakesbignews.”PulitzerandHearstdidanythingtheycouldtosellnewspapers.Forexample,HearstsentFredericRemington,thefamousillustrator,todrawpicturesoftheSpanish-AmericanWar.Whenhegotthere,hetoldHearstthatnofightingwasgoingon,Hearstanswered,“Youprovidethepictures.I’llprovidethewar.”【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了JosephPulitzer和WilliamRandolphHearst给报纸行业从内容到形式上所带来的巨大变化。1.WhatkindofnewsdidAmericannewspaperscarry130yearsago?A.Onlyseriousmatters.B.Allkindsofexcitingnews.C.Crimesandmadpeople.D.Thetreatmentofpatientsinhospital.【解析】选A。细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“Uptillabout130yearsago,newspapersintheUnitedStatesattractedonlythemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustrationandthearticleswereaboutpoliticsorbusiness.”可知,130年前,美国报纸上刊登的新闻只有严肃的内容。2.Whatcanweknowaboutthewomanreporterinthesecondparagraph?A.ShehelpedJosephPulitzerbuytheNewYorkB.Shewasforcedtobemadandwassenttoahospital.C.Shelearnedalotaboutthereallife