2021年山东省淄博市高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷

2021年山东省淄博市高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷学校: 姓名： 班级： 考号： 一、阅读选择DearXiaoxu,eWeare looking forwardto meetingyouin afewweeks!Training forall studentsis compulsoryand startsonMondayall 6thFebdeaaysincludingwhattoexpectarebelow.TrainingMonday,6FebruarytoFriday,24February9:00a.m-3:00p.mBuilding41,Room104Keypointstohighlight:OnMonday,6February,you will begivena workbookand timetablefor the nextweeks.OnTuesday,7February,you will beinthe Nursing Clinical Laboratoryand will ntowearthecorrect footwear.Please clickhere to seewhatis appropriatefootwear.Yoalsoneedtobebarebelow肘)eusowas(youwouldif working inaclinicalsettingwithomfortable clothes—ashort sleevetop is recommended.Thereisnofacetofacelearningon8,17, 23 or24February. Thesedays areasideforself-directedlearningin yourworkbook.Itiscompulsorythatyouattendallsessions and passtheOSCE (clinicalexaminationinweek 3)inorderto complete the curriculum.Youcanbringfoodorpurchaseitfromone of themanyshops oncampus. Therseveralmicrowavesandstudentfacilitieslocatedoncampus.DepartmentofScience,Medicine&HealthTrainingThursday,23February9:30a.m—12.00p.mBuilding67,McKinnonFoyerThistrainingisforallstudentsstudyingintheDepartmentofScience,Medicine&Health.Itisanopportunitytomeetotherstudentsstudyingaswellasstaffandeachstudentwillreceiveawelcomepackandtherewillbeactivitiesandlotsoffun.We’reheretohelp!IfyouhaveanyquestionspleasecontacttheProgramCoordinatorMsJo-AnneGrayon(02)42215124orjgray@.auWe’relookingforwardtomeetingyouon6February!Kindregards,FacultyofScience,Medicine&Health1．Whenwillstudentsstudybythemselves?A．On6February.B．On6February.C．On8February.D．On18February.2．WhatarestudentssupposedtodointheNursingClinicalLaboratory?A．Putonhats B．WearsuitableshoesC．Wearlongshirts D．Rollupsleeves3．Whichofthefollowingistrueofthekeypoints?A．Youshouldbringfoodtoschool.B．You had better attendall sessions.C．Youwillgetyournotebookin3weeks.D．You must pass the OSCE examto finished thecourse.4．Whatcanweknowabouttrainingof23February?A．You must take part inmanyactivities.B．You can betrained how tobea good nurse.C．You may haveachanceto meet some teachers.D．You may receiveawelcome pack from otherstudents.HeJiang,whowasthefirstpersonfromChinatodeliveraHarvardUniversitycommencement学(位授予典礼)address,hasmadethe2017Forbes30Under30List.Forbes’30Under30isasetoflistsissFuoerdbesannmuaagllayzinbe.yOnTuesday,themagazinepublishedthesixthannual30Under30,featuring600younginventorsandleaderswhochallengeconventionalwisdomandrewritetherulesforthenextgeneration.Thelistrecognizes30game-changersineachof20industries.Allunder30yearsold,thecadnadtieswereexaminedbyagroupofjudgesintheirfields.“Thewinnersarethepeoplethatwillruneveryfieldforthenext50years,”saidRandallLane,editorForbes.He,a29-year-oldpostdoctoralfellowattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,waschosenforthehealthcarecategory.HewasrecommendedbyhisprofessorsatHarvard.AtHarvard,Heusedanewtechnologytounderstandmoreabouthowfluinfectscells,anddiscoveredhumangeneswithstronganti-viraleffects.Heisnowapplyingthesametechniquestowhitebloodcells.Hehopesthelabresearchhedidcouldbeputpracticaluseinhealthcare.Hegrewup in asmallvillage withlimitededucationalopportunities. By studyinghard,hegraduatedfromtheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChinawithabachelor’sdegree in 2009,andwas acceptedintoHarvard’sPhDprogram on afullscholarshipthesameyear.InMay,thebiochemistryPhDdeliveredaspeechrepresentingtheuniversity’s13graduateandprofessionalschoolsattheceremony.Inhethtealkesdpeecahb,outtheunbalanceddistributionofscienceandmedicineintoplacestheyaren’treaching,likehisownvillage,wherehismotheroncetreatedhisspiderbitewithfire.5．WhycanHeJiangbeonFothrbees20u1n7der30?listA．HewasrecommendedbyRandallLane.B．Hehasmadeoutstandingcontributionsinhealthcare.C．HemadeaspeechattheHarvardcommencement.D．Hechangedtheregulationsforthenextgeneration.6．WhatwillHeJiangintendtodointhefuture?A．Knowmoreabouttheinfectionofflu.B．Applythesametechnologytobloodcells.C．Puthisresearchintopracticeinmedicalcare.D．Discoverhumangene’sstrong-viranltieffects.7．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Hismotheris adoctor. B．Hewantsto help backwardareas.C．Hegotafull PhDscholarship. D．Hisuniversity has only13graduates.Deliberatelymakingaroadicysoundslikeamethodfordisaster,butin16th-centuryChinaithelpedthingsrunsmoothly.RepairstotheForbiddenCityinBeijingin1557calledforhugestonesfr采石场)qmrry(than70kmaway.Thebiggestwastheton300“L-argeStoneCarving.”Suchstonesweretooheavyforany

cart,andtoofragileforrollers.Thebuildersadoptedawisealternativeapproachtocarrytheheavystone.Theydugaseriesofwells,spacedafewhundredmetresapart,alongtheroutethequarry.Then,inthedepthofwinter,whentemperatures℃rea,chedaround-4bucketsofwaterwerepouredontothedirttrack,transformingitintoaniceroad.ThestoneblockswerepushedalongtheroadonWIOThestoneblockswerepushedalongtheroadonWIO橇知MSOedgengineershavecalculatedthatitwouldtake1,500workerstodragasledgeonthedroad,butloyn300onice.Ancienttestssuggestedtheicewasmadeslipperywithmorewater;thisreducedthefrictionfurtherandjust50amesnledcgoeu.ldThpisulltechniqueonlyworkswhenthetemperatureisalsoclosetozero,otherwisethefilmowaterfreezestooquickly.TheresearchersatPrincetonUniversityestimatedthattheblockscouldbemovedatsixmetresaminute,andthejourneycouldbecompletedin28days.Thiswouldwellbeforethespringwhentheicewouldmelt.Itwasoncesuggestedthatsimilarice-sledgestransportedStonehengestones,butthegroundthathadalotofholesandcomparativelymildconditionsprobablyrulethout.8．Why didpeople digsome wells along theroad tothequarry?A．Theywantedtobuildfrozenroads.B．They wantedto breakup large stones.C．They wantedto makethe dirty track clean.D．Theywantedtogetalotofholesontheroad.9．Whatdidpeopledotoreducethefriction?A．Theymadestoneblocksmuchsmaller.B．Theypouredmorewaterontheiceroad.C．Theywaiteduntilthetemperaturewasverylow.D．They askedmorethan1,500 workerstocleanthedirty road.10．How didtheresearchersat PrincetonUniversitythinkof Stonehenge stones?A．They werenotlikelytobe carriedontheicyroad.B．TheyhadalongerhistorythanstonesinBeijing.C．They were carried for overtwenty-eight days.D．They were broken up inthedepthof winter.11．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthetext?A．Makingaroadslipperyonpurposemaybebadidea.B．ThemildweatherhelpedtocarryStonehengestones.C．Stonehengestonesweretooheavytocarry.D．AncientChinesetransportedhugestoneswisely.WhenColumbus‘sailedtheoceanbluein1492’hewasn'tlookingforAmerica,hewassearchingforaroutefromSpaintoChina;Americajustgotintheway.TheSpanishwereaftertherichesofAsia:silk,dates,spices.UntillateradventurersdiscoveredhowtosailtotheFarEast,tradewithChinadependedontheSilkRoad.ThetradebetweenChinaandEuropebroughthugewealth,sotheSpanishhadastrongdesiretofindanewwaytotheEast.Eventuallyawayappeared;asseatrafficdevelopedfromthe17thCenturyonwards,theoverlandroutediminished.NowChinaisseekingtorevive（复兴）theSilkRoadandispreparingtoinvest4trillionpoundsinnewroads,raillinks,oilpipelinesandotherbasicfacilities.Itishopedthatgoodscanbeshippedwestwardsbylandfarmorequicklyandeconomicallythanbysea.Buttheplanisalsotoattractmoretourists.Actually,Chinadoesprettywellfortouristsalready;it'stheworld'sfourthmostvisitedcountry.Twocities—BeijingandShanghai—possessthetourismbusiness,withsignificantinterestindestinationssuchasXi'anandChengdu.WhileBeijingismodern,citiessuchasLanzhouandDunhuanghaveonefootplantedfirmlyinoldChina.OtherplacesfeaturedincludeXi'an,theformercapitalofChina,whereyoucancomefacetofacewiththeTerracottaArmybuilttoprotectChina'sfirstemperorintheafterlife.FromLanzhoutourmemberstakethetraintoJiayuguan,China'swesterngatewayandakeylocationontheSilkRoad.Thereisalsoafour-daycoachjourneyalongtheoriginalSilkRoutethroughtheXinjiangregiontoKashgar.Alongtheway,atKurla,youcanvisittheruinsoftheIronFortress.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminished”inParagraph2mean?A．Discovered. B．Disappeared.C．Disturbed. D．Displayed.13．WhatisthepurposeofrevivingtheSilkRoad?A．TorebuildtheruinsoftheIronFortress.B．Toconstructnewroadsandotherbasicstructures.C．Tomaketransportationwestwardsfasterandcheaper.D．Todrawmoreinlandtourists'attentiontothewesterngateway.14．WhatcanwelearnabouttheSilkRoad?A．Itisnothingbutatraderoute.B．Itmaydestroysomecities'ancientstyle.C.Itattractsforeigninvestmentof£4trillion.D．ItpromotesthetourismindustryofChina.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ThecharmingoftheSilkRoadB.ThefunctionoftheSilkRoadC.TheoriginoftheSilkRoadD.ThefutureoftheSilkRoad二、七选五Mostteensneed8to10hoursofsleepeachnight.Butmanyteenshavetroublesleeping.Lackofsleepcanaffectsportsperformance,increaseourchancesofgettingsick,andmaybelinkedtoweightgaininsomepeople.Howcanwegetthesleepweneed?”Herearesomeideas:16.You'veprobablynoticedhowmuchrunningaroundlittlekidsdo-andhowsoundlytheysleep.Takeatipfromalittlechildandgetatleast60minutesofexerciseaday.Physicalactivitycandecreasestressandhelppeoplefeelmorerelaxed.Justdon'tworkouttooclosetobedtimebecauseexercisecanwakeyouup.Avoidalcoholanddrugs.Lotsofpeoplethinkthatalcoholordrugswillmakethemrelaxed,butthat'snotthecase.Drugsandalcoholdisturbsleep.17.Saygoodnighttoelectronics.18.You'dbettermakeyourbedroomatech-freezone,atleastshuteverythingdownanhourormorebeforelightsout.Keepasleeproutine.Goingtobedatthesametimeeverynighthelpssleep.19.Soyoucanrelaxbyreading,listeningtomusicorspendingtimewithapet.Expectagoodnight'ssleep.20.Say,“Tonight,Iwillsleepwell”severaltimesduringtheday.Itcanalsohelptopracticebreathingexercisesorgentleyogaposesbeforebed.A.Beactiveduringtheday.B．Dosomeextremesports.C．Eitherofthemwillmakeapersonwakeupatnight.D．Expertsrecommendusingthebedroomforsleeponly.E.Creatingasetbedtimeprocedurecanimprovethisrelaxationeffect.F.Insteadofworryingthatyouwon'tsleep,remindyourselfthatyoucan.G.Youcanconsultadoctorwhowillgiveyousuggestionsonhowtosleepwell.三、完形填空MyhusbandBill'sGrandmawasinanursinghomewhenwemovedbacktoMichigan.Grandmahadbeenunabletowalkforquitesometime;nowhereyesightwasalmostgone.OvertheyearsGrandmaandIhad21manycardsandletters.Iknewhowsheenjoyed22intouchwithpeople.Grandmawouldhavemewriteletterstogointhecardsshewouldsend.Andshewouldalwayshaveme 23 whatIhadwrittenbacktoher.Grandmadidn'thaveaproblemwithhearingthen 24 shewasalwaystellingme,“Thatisnot25howIsaidthat!”IwouldthenrewritewhateverIwroteinherexactwords.SinceIhadsome26timebeforeChristmas,IaskedGrandmaifshewouldliketosend27someChristmascards.Grandmareadily28 .Iroundedupseveraldifferentkindsofcards.Iknewshehadfriendsandfamilywhoallhaddifferent29 .Iwouldtakeeachcardand30indetailthefrontofthecard,thenIwouldreadthewordsinside.After31itoverGrandmawouldtellmewhoshethoughtwouldlike32card.AfterawhileI33andInoticedthatwehadseveralnursinghome34standinginthedoorway.IstartedtonoticeasIreadeachcard,the35ontheirfacesandGrandma'sface,too.Eachonehada36smileandafar-awaylookintheireyes,astheywereseeingthescenesintheirminds'eye.IthoughtwhenIwentovertodotheChristmas37IwouldbedoingGrandmaafavor,butit38thatshedidmeabigfavor.I'llalways39thisspecialmemoryofbringingsomeChristmasjoyandpleasant40toGrandmaandherfellowresidents（居民）.21．A．exchangedB．changedC．tradedD．switched22．A．settlingB．losingC．keepingD．getting23．A．write B．discover C．translateD．read24．A．when B．because C．while D．though25．A．carefullyB．truthfully C．specially D．exactly26．A．freeB．flyingC．essentialD．valuable27．A．forB．upC．outD．away28．A．acknowledgedB．agreed C．admittedD．rejected29．A．addressesB．advantagesC．occupationsD．interests30．A．describeB．join C．look D．ignore31．A．talkingB．turningC．takingD．thinking32．A．anotherB．eachC．oneD．other33．A．lookeddownB．lookedover C．lookedupD．lookedthrough34．A．graduatesB．visitorsC．patientsD．residents35．A．attentionB．lookC．glanceD．sight36．A．gentleB．looseC．upset D．devoted37．A．treesB．jobs C．decorationsD．cards38．A．turnedtoB．turnedoutC．cameoverD．leftout39．A．treasureB．admireC．encourageD．recognize40．A．stories B．faces C．memoriesD．letters四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。TayebisstudyingliteratureatBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversity."41.(celebrate)theSpringFestivalinChinamakesmeloveChinaevenmore，”shesaid.OnThursday,Tayeb'suniversityorganizedanevent42.foreignstudentscouldtrytheirhandsatmakingdumplings,atraditionalfood43.(eat)duringthefestival.Tayebsaidshelikedthisaspectofthefestivalmost.dumplings,ChineseNewYearisalsoatimefortemplefairs,redlanterns,paper-cuts,blessingsofgoodfortuneandancestorworship.Bayomy,45.Egyptianstudentatthesameuniversity,saidshe46.(plan)tovisitatemplefairinChaoyangParkonSunday.Shewas47.(deep)impressedwiththeSpringFestivalin2014.Sherememberedhowherclassmate'sfatherleftoutplatesoffoodfortheirfamilies'ancestors.LikeChinese,manyforeignersputcouplets(对联)，Chinesecharacterswishingforgoodfortuneontheirfrontdoors.Marie,aBritish48.(translate)inBeijing,49.(send)acoupletbyherChinesefriendonThursday.Shestuckthemonthedoorofherapartment，tookaphotoofherselfstandinginfrontofit,andshareditwithherparentsinBritain.“Thesecoupletsarean50.(express)ofhopeforthefutureandcontaintheChinesespiritof‘harmony’,”saidMarie.五、短文改错51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(八)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。MynewfriendTomisgoodatEnglishwriting.Oneday,IaskedhimhowhedidsuchwellinwrittenEnglish.Hetoldmethathehasahabitofkeepadiaryeveryday.“Youcantrythem,too.I'msureyouwillimproveyourwrittenEnglishquicklyinthisway,”hesaid.IthoughtTomwasright,butIdecidedtofollowhisadvices.Istartedtowritedownsomethinginterestedeveryday.SometimeswhenIdidn'tknowhowtospellaword,Iwouldlookitupinadictionary.WhenIdidn’tknowhowtowriteasentencecorrect,Iwouldaskmyteacherforthehelp.MywrittenEnglishhasreallyimprovedalotbecausethat.六、提纲类作文52.假定你是李华，你的语文老师Mr.Li受邀于三月初去英国一所学校进行交流。他将做关于中国传统文化的报告，并与英国学生互动(interact)。他请你用英语给对方负责人Ms.Jenkins写一封邮件，希望提前安排好。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。DearMs.Jenkins. Yoursfaithfully,LiHua参考答案1．C2．B3．D4．C【分析】这是一篇书信。作者在信中向收信人介绍了两项培训课程，说明培训时间和地点、培训要求和内容以及培训需要注意的事项等。.细节理解题。由Training部分第三段内容可知，在2月8日、17日、23日或24日学生没有面对面学习，时间被留给学生自主学习。故C选项正确。.细节理解题。由Training部分第二段第一句“OnTuesday,7February,youwillbeintheNursingClinicalLaboratoryandwillneedtowearthecorreCtl,在护理临i床实验室需要穿合适的鞋子，correctfootwear与suitableshoes意思相近。故B选项正确。.细节理解题。由Training部分最后一段第一句“Youcanbringfoodorpurchaseitfromoneofthemanyshopson飞可知的你可以带食物来学校，也可以从校园的商店里购买，并不是应该带食物上学，故A选项错误；由Training部分倒数第二段ItiscompulsorythatyouattendallsessionsandpasstheOSCE(clinicalexaminationinweek3)inordertocompletethecurriculum®,为了完成整个课程你必须上完整个学期，通过OSCE,而不是最好上完整个学期，故A选项错误，D选项正确；C选项文章中没有提到。故D选项正确。.细节理解题。根据DepartmentofScience,Medicine&Health部分提到的“止isanopportunitytomeetotherstudentsstudyingaswellasstaffandeachstudentwillreceiwelcomepackandtherewillbeactivitiesand可知ts参加这un培训你可以有机会见到许多老师。故C选项正确。5．B6．C7．B【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述何江，中国第一位在哈佛毕业典礼上发表演讲的人，入选2021年《福布斯》30位30岁以下俊杰榜的事情。.推理判断题。根据第五段第一句"AtHarvardheusedanewtechnologytounderstandmoreabouthowfluinfectscells,anddiscoveredhumangeneswithstro”nganti-viraleffe可知，在哈佛大学，何江使用一种新技术来帮助人们更好地理解流感病毒如何感染细胞，并发现人类基因中具有强烈的抗病毒效应。因此推断，何江入选《福布斯》俊杰榜是因为他在医疗卫生方面做出了杰出贡献。故B选项正确。.细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句"Hehopesthelabresearchhedidcouldbeputtopracticaluseinhealthcare知口，何江希望自己的实验室研究成果能被用于医疗实践中。故C选项正确。.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句"Inthespeech,talkedabouttheunbalanceddistributionofscienceandcinmeedintoplacestheyaren’treaching,likehisownvillage,wherehismotheroncetreatedhisspiderb”it可知源出可江在&演讲中谈起了科技在全球分布的不平等，表达了他要把科学和医学带到其未能抵达的地方的信念。因此推断他想帮助落后地区。故B选项正确。【名师点睛】推理判断主要的解题策略有：（1）根据不同文体，推断目的意图。不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的，通常作者的写作目的有以下三种：1）toentertainreaders（娱乐读者，让人发笑），常见于故事类的文章。2）topersuadereaders（说服读者接受某种观点）常见于广告类的文章。3）toinformreaders（告知读者某些信息）多见于科普类、新闻报道类、文化类或社会类的文章。高考阅读试题涉及到各类文章，而以议论文为主，文章的主题句、核心句往往会直接或间接地表明作者的态度立场；阅读理解中也有说明文、描述文。前者因为其体裁的客观性，所以作者的态度也往往采取中立。而后者因为其文章观点往往不直接提出，而且作者写作时也常带有某种倾向性，所以，阅读时要善于根据文章的文体来学会推断作者的情感态度和目的。（2）根据用词风格，推断情感态度。一篇好的文章，其用词风格常常直接流露或蕴含作者的内心世界和情感态度。所以阅读时要善于捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词句或短语，捕捉那些烘托气氛、渲染情感的词句，进而很好地洞察作者的思想倾向，是支持、反对抑或中立？对于选项而言，要分清选项中的褒义词、中性词和贬义词，以此对照全文。如：1）表示褒义的词语：positive赞成的，supporting支持的，praising赞扬的，optimistic乐观的，admiring羡慕的，enthusiastic热情的等；2）表示中性的词语：uninterested无兴趣的，不感兴趣的；neutral中立的；impersonal不带个人感情的；subjective主观的；objective客观的等；3）表示贬义的词语：disgusted感到恶心的，厌恶的；critical批评的；negative否定的，反对的；suspicious怀疑的；tolerant容忍的，忍让的；worried担忧的等。（3）根据写作思路，推断段落发展。不同的文体，写作思路和写作手法也不尽相同。做题时，要善于体会作者的写作思路，揣摩作者的谋篇布局，从宏观上左右文章的结构框架；同时，还要把握作者行文时所运用的修辞手段，如对比、举例、下定义等。通过梳理写作思路，明晰写作手法，即可对文章的发展作出比较科学合理的推断和预测。（4）根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可能是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据，推论有理，忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。例如本文的第3小题：B【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断题中的（4）根据事实细节，推断合理信息。题干要求根据最后一段的内容InMay,thebiochemistryPhDdeliveredaspeechrepresentingtheuniversity’s13graduateandprofessionalschoolsattheceremony.heIntaltkheedspeech,abouttheunbalanceddistributionofscienceandmedicineinto’platcerseactheinyg,arenlikehisownvillage,wherehismotheroncetreatedhis$魂断，不不能脱离i这fire.一段的内容。【答案定位】根据最后一段最后一句“Inthespeech,talkedabouttheunbalanceddistributionofscienceandmedicineintoplacestheyaren’treaching,likehisownvillage,wherehismotheroncetreatedhisspider1”让可知4出可江在&演讲中谈起了科技在全球分布的不平等，表达了他要把科学和医学带到其未能抵达的地方的信念。因此推断他想帮助落后地区。【推理关系】题干Whatcanwe inferfrom thelast叼文璜内容h?n thespeech, Hetalkedabouttheunbalanceddistributionofscienceandmedicineinto’ptlacestheyarenreaching,likehisownvillage, wherehis motheroncetreated hisspider bitewithfire.theunbalanceddistributionof scienceand medicineintopl’actes retahcehyinga,relnikehisownvillagB选项Hewants tohelpbackwardareas.8．A9．B10．A11．D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍古代人如何聪明地利用结冰的路面运输巨石到目的地。.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Then,inthedepthofwinter,whentemperaturesreachedaround-4C,bucketsofwaterwerepouredontothedirttrack,transformingitanicerda（可知，人们挖井是为了获得水源，这样在深冬季节，把水倾倒在路上，让路变成一条结冰的路。故A选项正确。.推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Ancienttestssuggestedtheicewasmadeslipperywithmorewater;thisreducedthefrictionfurtherandjust50men”可知ld用pillsledge.多的水可以使冰更滑，这样可以减少摩擦力，因此推断人们在结冰的道路上倒更多的水减少摩擦力。故B选项正确。.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，人们认为巨石阵也是用类似的冰橇运输的，但是因地面上有许多坑的和相对温和的天气使得这种做法的可能性被排除了。因此推断研究者认为巨石阵不太可能是在结冰的道路上运输过来的。故A选项正确。.推理判断题。纵观全文可知，第一段最后一句"Thebuildersadoptedawisealternativeapproachtocarrytheheavy”是文章的主题句，接下来的段落主要介绍古代人如何利用结冰的路面运输巨石。因此推断本文的写作目的是告诉我们古代中国人如何聪明地运输巨石。故D选项正确。.B.C.D.A【分析】随着“一带一路”的进行，曾经辉煌的丝绸之路逐渐再次绽放光彩。对于很多人而言，沿线已经成为了解中国和旅行的目的地。人们能够踏上丝绸之路寻觅现代奇迹和已被遗忘的辉煌。.词义猜测题。由第三段第一句"NowChinaisseekingto复r兴vivetheSilkRoO现在中国正在寻求复兴丝绸之路），因此推断画线句句意是：最终一条路出现了；由于17世纪之后海上交通的发展，陆路消失了。所以画线词词义是“消失”，与disappear意义相近。故B选项正确。.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Itishopedthatcgnodbeshippedwestwardsbylandfarmorequicklyandeconomicallythan可知by中国复兴丝绸之路是希望能够通过陆地比海洋更快更经济地将商品输送至远方。故C选项正确。.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句"Buttheplanisalsotoattractrrfor可知ourists.复兴丝绸之路吸引了更多的游客，促进了中国的旅游业。故D选项正确。.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述中国正在寻求复兴丝绸之路，希望能够通过陆地比海洋更快更经济地将商品输送至远方。这也极大地促进了中国的旅游业的发展，人们可以踏上丝绸之路寻觅现代奇迹和已被遗忘的辉煌。因此推断选项A”迷人的丝绸之路”为最佳标题。故选A。.A.C.D.E.F【分析】良好的睡眠对于集中精力学习、保持身体健康，减少犯困等很重要。但是许多青少年有睡眠问题，对此，作者提了一些好的建议：白天积极锻炼、避开酒精和毒品；睡前关闭电子设备、养成好的睡眠习惯、对好的睡眠充满期待等等。.空格处是段落小标题。本段主要讲述锻炼有利于睡眠，锻炼有助于减压和放松。因此推断A项“白天积极锻炼”是本段标题。故A选项正确。.由上文“Drugsandalcoholdisturb”s可知，药物和酒精扰乱睡眠，因此推断它们都不能有助于睡眠，故C项“它们会让人整夜醒着”符合语境。故C选项正确。.由下文“You'dbettermakeyourbedroom-freeteohe,atleastshuteverythingdownanhourormorebeforelfghts知ou在卧室里不要使用电子产品，至少在熄灯之前一个小时关掉。因此推断D项“专家建议卧室仅用来睡眠”符合语境。故D选项正确。19．本段建议养成好的睡眠习惯，由空格上下文可知，每天同一时间上床有助于睡眠，睡前读书、听音乐等可以使人放松，因此推断E项“创建一个固定的就寝程序可以提高这种放松效果。”符合上下文语境。故E选项正确。20．本段讲述要对好的睡眠充满期待，每天说几次“我今晚会睡得好”，因此推断空格处选F项“不要担心睡不好，提醒自己你可以睡得好”符合语境。故F项正确。TOC\o"1-5"\h\zACDBDACBDADBCDBADBAC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与丈夫的祖母一起度过的一段值得珍惜的美好回忆。作者经常帮助祖母为亲朋好友发送圣诞卡，虽然是作者帮祖母的忙，实际上在帮助祖母的同时自己也受益匪浅。.考查动词词义辨析。A.0*由2曲交换；B.由2邛0改变；C.trade交易；D.switched转换。由下文作者帮助祖母选择圣诞卡可知，多年来，祖母和我交换了许多贺卡和书信，故选A项。.考查动词短语辨析。A.56出山解决；B.侬山失去；C.$12丫山保持；D.86壮山得到。由下文“Grandmawouldhavemewriteletterstogointhecards可she渔ouldsend.母喜欢与人们保持联系，总是让我写一些文字放进她要发送的圣诞卡里。stayintouchwith…“与……保持联系”。故选C项。.考查动词词义辨析。A.writH；B.discove发现；C.translat翻译；D.rea读。她总是让我读我回信写给她的东西。故选D项。.考查连词词义辨析。A.when^……时候；B.becaus因为；C.whilK管；当……时候；D.也电且尽管。祖母的听力没有问题，因为她总是告诉我“那并不完全是我说话的方式”。上下文是因果关系。故选B项。.考查副词词义辨析。A.carefull仔细地;B.truthful诚实地;C.speciall^^别地；D.exactly完全地。由下文“IwouldthenrewritewhateverIwroteinher谡0后，words.用她的更精确的话重写我写的），因此推断祖母总是告诉我“那并不完全是我说话的方式”。故选D项。.考查形容词词义辨析。A.extr额外的；B.flyin飞行的；C.essentia基本的；D.valuable珍贵的。由下文“IaskedGrandmaifshewouldlike7toseuiheChristmascards.可知，圣诞节前因为我有些额外的时间，我问祖母是否她想发送一些贺卡。故选A项。.考查动词短语辨析。A.sendfor派人去请；B.sendup发射；C.sendout发送；D.sendaway开除；解雇。根据上文可知，我经常给祖母写贺卡，因此圣诞节前因为我有些额外的时间，我问祖母是否她想发送一些贺卡。故选C项。.考查动词词义辨析。A.acknowledge承认；B.28「00同意；C.admitte承认；D.rejected拒绝。由下文“Iroundedupseveraldifferentkinds”可f知ca祖母欣然同意了。故选B项。.考查名词词义辨析。A.addressestk址；B.advantage优点；C.occupation职业；D.interests兴趣。由上文可知，我收集了几种卡片，因此推断我知道祖母有许多不同兴趣的朋友和家人。故选D项。.考查动词词义辨析。A.describ描述;B.communicat交流;C.distinguis区别；D.ignore忽视。由上文可知，祖母听力没问题，因此我拿出每一张卡片，详细地描述了卡的正面，然后读了里面的话。故选A项。.考查动词短语辨析。A.talkin即er讨论；B.turnin即er翻转；C.takingver接管；D.thinkingover仔细考虑。由下文“Grandmawouldtellmewhoshethoughtwouldlike12card可知，祖母在仔细考虑以后，告诉我她认为每一张卡片是谁想要的。故选D项。32.考查代词词义辨析。A.anothe另一个（三者中的另一个）；B.eac每一；C.on一；D.othe另一个（两者中的另一个）。解析同上。祖母在仔细考虑以后，告诉我她认为每一张贺卡是谁想要的。故选B项。.考查动词短语辨析。A.lookeddown视；B.lookedo仔i细检查；C.looked抬头看；D.lookedrough浏览。由上文可知，我一直低头和祖母一起选择贺卡，因此推断我抬起头注意到门口站着几个养老院的居民。故选C项。.考查名词词义辨析。A.immigrant移民；B.visitor访问者；C.patients!人；D.residents居民。由上文“MyhusbandBill’sdmanwasinanursing可知Bae祖母住在养老院里，因此我抬起头注意到门口站着几个养老院的居民。故选D项。.考查动词词义辨析。A.attentio注意力；B.心。表情；C.glanc一瞥；D.sigh视觉。由下文“Eachonehada6smileandafar-awaylookin”1可知，我注意到他们和祖母脸上的表情。故选B项。.考查副词词义辨析。A.gentl温柔的；B.roug艰苦的；C.^^被迫的；D.whispered低声的。由下文“astheywereseeingthescenesintheir可知出他们e每e一个人脸上都带着温柔的笑容，因为他们在用心看风景。故选A项。.考查名词词义辨析。A.tree树；B.jobsC作；C.decoration装饰品；D.card贺卡。由上文可知，作者过来帮助祖母选择圣诞卡。故选D项。.考查动词短语辨析。A.turnedo翻转；B.turned结果是；C.came出现；D.leftout省去。作者认为虽然是她过来帮助祖母选择圣诞贺卡，但是结果是祖母帮助了她。故选B项。.考查名词词义辨析。A.treasunf珍惜；B.admir钦佩；C.encourag鼓励；D.recognize认出。根据语境可知，作者一直珍惜这段带来圣诞快乐的特殊回忆。故选A项。.考查名词词义辨析。A.stories^事；B.face脸；C.memorie记忆；回忆；D.letters信。由上文“Eachonehada6smileandafar-awaylookin”tl可知I,e这对于祖母和她的同伴是一段愉快的回忆。故选C。【名师点睛】学生解答完形填空试题关键在于能否准确理解上下文中的“照应关系”迅速排除干扰选项，学生要想做到这一点，一些做题技巧也是非常必要的。例如：代入法。如果不能很有把握地直接选出某一道题的答案，可以将各选项代入空白处，排除明显不符合题意的选项，从而缩小选择的范围。例如：Iwillalways19thisspecialmemoryofbringingsomeChristmasjoyandpleasa01t toGrandmaandherfellow1residei个选项分别代入句中，“珍惜回忆”符合语境，其它三个选项分别是“钦佩、鼓励和认出”，与文章完全不符，故选A。所以解答完形填空，掌握一定的技巧而是必不可少的。41．Celebrating42．where43．eaten44．Besides45．an46．planned47．deeply48．translator49．wassent50．expression【分析】本文主要讲述了外国留学生在中国过春节的经历以及他们对中国春节的印象和看法。.考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国庆祝春节让我更喜欢中国。“celebratingtheSpringFestivalin0”口是动名词做主语，做主语用动名词形式，表示泛指的抽象的动作。故填celebrating。.考查定语从句。 2foreignstudentscouldtrytheirhandsatmakingsdumplings定语从句，修饰anevent，分析从句成分可知，关系词在从句中作抽象地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。.考查非谓语动词。eat作定语修饰food，与food是被动关系，过去分词作定语表示被动关系。故填eaten。44．考查连词。句意：除了饺子，中国的春节也是一个赶庙会、挂红灯、贴剪纸，送祝福和祭拜祖先的时候。besides”除……之外(还有)”，置句首首字母大写。故填Besides。.考查冠词。 5Egyptianstudentatthesame曲BVeysity的同位语，此处泛指“一个埃及学生"，Egyptian以元音因素开头。故填an。.考查动词的时态。句意：她计划星期天去朝阳公园赶庙会。由said可知，主句是一般过去时，根据主从句时态一致原则，从句也使用一般过去时。故填planned。.考查副词。deeply修饰动词depressed,修饰动词用副词作状语。故填deeply。.考查名词。aBritish8(translate)InBe是inarie的同位语，解释说明Marie是一个在北京的英国翻译家。故填translator。.考查动词的被动语态。句意：Marie,一个在北京的英国翻译家，星期二时她的中国朋友寄给她一副对联。send与主语Marie是被动关系，由时间状语onThursday可知，句子描述过发生的事情用一般过去时，且主语是第三人称单数。故填wassent。50．考查名词。句意：这些对联表达了对未来的希望,包含着中国精神“和谐”。冠词修饰名词。故填expressions。【名师点睛】学生做语法填空试题,当设空给出动词原形时,一般会考查动词的时态,动词的被动语态形式或考查非谓语动词用法。本文中分别考查了一般过去时planned；一般过去时的被动语态wassent。对于动词的考查，学生在平时的学生中，应该学会积累做题经验,这样的试题可以分三步完成：第一步：分析句子结构,确定句子是否缺乏谓语动词。第二步：看主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系,确定用主动还是被动语态,同时注意根据语境考虑时态；第三步：要注意主谓一致。51．MynewfriendTomisgcnxiatEnglishwritin