2023版高考英语一轮复习第1部分Module3TheViolenceofNature课时作业外研版必修3

PAGEPAGE6Module3TheViolenceofNatureⅠ.完形填空eq\x(导学号58082273)(2022·郑州市质测)Ialwayswalktomyhusband'sofficeafterwork，waitforhimandthenwedrivehometogethereveryday.Oneday，whileIwaswaitingforhim，abeautifulCadillac(凯迪拉克轿车)_1.B__nearme.Iwasbusy_2.D__thecarwhenInoticedthedriver._3.A__，shewasprobablythemost_4.C__womanIhadeverseenoutsideofamoviescree.Hereyeswereasblueasthesea，andshehadteethlikepearls.Minuteslater，amanwalkedoverandtheydroveoff.Sittingthere，dressedinjeansandaT－shirt，Iwantedto_5.A__.“Whyisitso_6.C__thatsomepeoplehaveitall？〞Ithought.ThenextweekIsawheragain，andafterthatitalmostbecamemy_7.D__toseeher.Iwould_8.B__ifsheandherhusbandateoutalotandwheretheywent.IwantedhertogetoutofthecarsothatIcouldseeherin_9.C__length.Afewweekslater，thisquestionwas_10.B__forme.Iwaswaitingatmyusualspotandthelady'shusbandcameovertotheircar.Heopenedthedoor.Theprettywoman_11.A__walkedaroundtothepassengerside—leaningonawalkingcane.She_12.D__onelegwithherhandsandthentheother.Shehadanartificiallimb(假肢)onherleftlegandabraceonherrightone.Astheydroveaway，Ibegantocry.Whenmyhusbandarrived，Itoldhimaboutwhathad_13.B__.Hesaidthatheknewherhusbandandthat，whentheladywastwelveyearsold，shehadbeen_14.D__inacarthatgotstuckontherailroadtracks.Unfortunately，bothherparentswerekilled.Therailcompanymadealarge_15.A__withherbecausethecrossinghadno_16.C__.That's_17.A__sheownssuchanicecarnow.ForweeksIhave_18.D__thiswomanandherwayoflife，butnowIrealizehow_19.C__Iam.Whenyoumeetapersonwhoseemstobemuchbetteroffthanyou，don'tbefooledby_20.B__.1．A.drovein B．pulledupC．spedby D．turnedaway[解析]根据该句中的“abeautifulCadillac(凯迪拉克轿车)__1__nearme〞可以判断，一辆凯迪拉克轿车停在“我〞身旁。B项意为“停车〞，符合语境。A项意为“驶进〞，C项意为“迅速驶过〞，D项意为“拒绝〞，都与语境不符。2．A.cleaning B．takingC．expecting D．admiring[解析]根据上句中的“abeautifulCadillac(凯迪拉克轿车)〞可知，“我〞对此车很羡慕。D项意为“羡慕〞，符合语境。A项意为“清理〞，B项意为“拿〞，C项意为“预期〞，都与语境不符。3．A.Honestly B．SincerelyC．Surprisingly D．Obviously[解析]根据下句“Hereyeswereasblueasthesea，andshehadteethlikepearls〞可知，这位女驾驶员明眸皓齿；据此可以判断，确实她可能是“我〞看到的电影银幕外最美的女子。A项意为“真的，确实〞，符合语境。B项意为“真诚地〞，C项意为“惊人的〞，D项意为“显然〞，都与语境不符。4．A.peaceful B．typicalC．beautiful D．patient[解析]参见上题解析。C项意为“漂亮的〞，符合语境。A项意为“和平的〞，B项意为“典型的〞，D项意为“有耐心的〞，都与语境不符。5．A.cry B．argueC．escape D．ask[解析]根据下句中的“Whyisitso__6__thatsomepeoplehaveitall〞可知，“我〞羡慕这位驾驶凯迪拉克轿车的女士；结合该句中的“dressedinjeansandaT－shirt〞可以判断，“我〞衣着平常，“我〞想哭。A项意为“哭泣〞，符合语境。B项意为“争论〞，C项意为“逃离〞，D项意为“询问〞，都与语境不符。6．A.unbearable B．unusualC．unfair D．unbelievable[解析]根据语境可知，“我〞衣着平常，而那位驾驶凯迪拉克轿车的女士明眸皓齿。据此可以判断，“我〞感到不公平。C项意为“不公平的〞，符合语境。A项意为“无法忍受的〞，B项意为“不平常的〞，D项意为“难以相信的〞，都与语境不符。7．A.chance B．wonderC．regret D．routine[解析]根据该句中的“ThenextweekIsawheragain〞可知，第二周“我〞又见到了她；据此可以判断，“我〞时常见到她，D项意为“常规〞，符合语境。A项意为“时机〞，B项意为“奇迹〞，C项意为“遗憾〞，都与语境不符合。8．A.imagine B．wonderC．guess D．doubt[解析]根据该句的if从句可以判断，“我〞想知道她和她的丈夫是否经常在外面吃饭并且去哪里吃。B项意为“想知道〞，符合语境。A项意为“想像〞，C项意为“猜想〞，D项意为“疑心〞，都与语境不符。9．A.great B．equalC．full D．standard[解析]根据该句中的“length〞表达的语境可以判断，“我〞想要她走出轿车，看看她的整个身高。C项意为“完全的〞，符合语境。A项意为“伟大的〞，B项意为“等同的〞，D项意为“标准的〞，都与语境不符合。10．A.raised B．answeredC．presented D．checked[解析]根据该句中的“question〞可知，“我〞有了这一问题的答案。B项意为“答复〞，符合语境。A项意为“举起〞，C项意为“展现〞，D项意为“检查〞，都与语境不符。11．A.slowly B．firmlyC．quickly D．hurriedly[解析]根据该段最后一句“Shehadanartificiallimb(假肢)onherleftlegandabraceonherrightone〞可知，她装着假肢；据此可以判断，她行走缓慢。A项意为“缓慢地〞，符合语境。B项意为“坚决地〞，C项意为“快速地〞，D项意为“匆忙地〞，都与语境不符。12．A.bent B．spreadC．crossed D．lifted[解析]根据下句“Shehadanartificiallimb(假肢)onherleftlegandabraceonherrightone〞可知，她装着假肢；据此可以判断，她双手抬起腿。D项意为“抬起〞，符合语境。A项意为“弯曲〞，B项意为“传播〞，C项意为“经过〞，都与语境不符。13．A.changed B．happenedC．passed D．hidden[解析]根据前文对“我〞所看到的事实的描述可以判断，当“我〞的丈夫到来时，“我〞将所发生的事情告诉了他。B项意为“发生〞，符合语境。A项意为“改变〞，C项意为“穿过〞，D项意为“掩藏〞，都与语境不符。14．A.discovered B．protectedC．left D．trapped[解析]根据该句中的“inacarthatgotstuckontherailroadtracks〞可以判断，在这位女士十二岁的那一年，她被困在一辆陷入铁轨的轿车里。D项意为“困住〞，符合语境。A项意为“发现〞，B项意为“保护〞，C项意为“离开〞，都与语境不符。15．A.settlement B．exchangeC．promise D．arrangement[解析]根据上句的“bothherparentswerekilled〞可知，在事故中，她的父母双亡；据此可以判断，铁路公司给她一笔安置费。A项意为“(解决纷争的)协议〞，符合语境。B项意为“交换〞，C项意为“承诺〞，D项意为“安排〞，都与语境不符。16．A.stops B．noticesC．signals D．lights[解析]根据语境可知，由于铁道交叉处没有信号灯，导致了事故的发生。C项意为“指示灯，信号灯〞，符合语境。A项意为“车站〞，B项意为“布告〞，D项意为“灯〞，都与语境不符合。17．A.why B．whenC．because D．where[解析]根据上文可知，由于铁路公司赔偿了一大笔安置费给这位女士，那就是她拥有这辆豪车的原因。A项意为“……的原因〞，符合语境，故A项正确。18．A.respected B．observedC．accepted D．envied[解析]根据第二段可知，“我〞所见到的这位女士开着豪车并且长得漂亮，而“我〞却衣着平平，据此可以判断，“我〞忌妒她。D项意为“忌妒〞，符合语境。A项意为“尊敬〞，B项意为“观察〞，C项意为“接受〞，都与语境不符。19．A.boring B．matureC．lucky D．confident[解析]根据前文可知，这位女士在事故中失去双亲，也因此残疾；据此可以判断，“我〞意识到自己是多么幸运。C项意为“幸运的〞，符合语境。A项意为“厌烦的〞，B项意为“成熟的〞，D项意为“自信的〞，都与语境不符。20．A.collections B．appearancesC．backgrounds D．descriptions[解析]根据语境可知，当你遇到一位看起来比你好得多的人时，不要被其外表欺骗。B项意为“外表〞，符合语境。A项意为“收集物〞，C项意为“背景〞，D项意为“描述〞，都与语境不符。Ⅱ.阅读理解Aeq\x(导学号58082274)Basedonnewanalysis,wearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequitesevere.Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyears,currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.Polarregionswillgetcolderwhiletropicalregionswillgetevenhotter,forcinganimalstomigrate(迁徙)north.Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.Tropicalstormsandhurricaneswillnotonlyincreasebutmayalsobecomemoreintense.Ifthechangescometooquickly,animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.AccordingtoScienceDaily,anewstudypredictsthatbytheyear2100,manyoftoday'sfamiliarclimateswillbereplacedbyclimatesunknownintoday'sworld.Itisurgentthatwereducetherisksofthesefar－reachingconsequencesforthewholeworld.Theplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange.In2022,aserioustsunamicreatedbyamajorearthquakekilledthousandsinSumatraandin2022,thousandsdiedinChinabecauseofanothersevereearthquake.Egyptwashitin2022withamajorearthquakeandHaitiwasdevastatedin2022byyetanothermassiveearthquake.Withinjustthelastfewmonths,newreportsfromaroundtheworldhavebeencominginandmostagreethatourclimatesituationismuchworsethanpreviouslythought.Atthispoint,itdoesn'tmatterwhatiscausingit,butrather,whatcanbedoneaboutit.What'smore,ourworldisgettingmoreandmoreunstableeveryyear.Thereiswarandthreatofwareverywhere.Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.However,otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.Nooneknowsanythingforsureatthispointbecausethereissimplynotenoughdata.文章大意：本文表达了气候的变化将离我们越来越近了及其导致的严重后果。由于气候的变化会导致动物迁徙，一些物种灭绝，疾病的蔓延。今天熟悉的气候类型会被我们不知道的气候代替。近几年我们的星球已经有了气候变化的迹象，像各地的地震和海啸。现在导致气候变化的原因不重要了，重要的是我们应该采取措施，应对气候的变化。1．WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthePassage?_D__A.Waystoprotectourplanet.B.Solutionstoclimatechange.C.Bepreparedforclimatechange.D.Climatechangeanditseffects.[解析]标题归纳题。全文内容主要介绍气候的变化及其后果。应选D。2．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinusingtheexamplesofearthquakes?_C__A．Toshowthedamageearthquakescaused.B．Toremindpeopletopreventfutureearthquakes.C．Toshowmajorchangesaretakingplaceontheplanet.D．Totellusmoreearthquakeswillhappeninthefuture.[解析]作者意图题。根据第三段的“earthquakeinSumatra,Egypt,Haiti〞可以看出作者解释“Theplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange〞，我们的星球已经表现出变化的迹象。应选C。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastated〞inParagraph3mean?_B__A.Separated. B.Destroyed.C.Removed. D.Affected.[解析]词义猜想题。根据第三段的“Egyptwashitin2022withamajorearthquakeandHaitiwasdevastatedin2022byyetanothermassiveearthquake.〞埃及2022年发生了大地震，2022年海地遭受了大地震，被地震破坏，摧毁。应选B。4．WhatcanbeinferredfromthePassage?_D__A．Animalsandplantswon'tdieoutaslongasclimatechangesslowly.B．There'senoughdataforustopredictthefutureofclimatechange.C．Theworldisgettingmoreunstablebecauseofanimalmigration.D．Theearthisnottheonlyplanetthatisexperiencingclimatechange.[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段的“However,otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourown.〞不仅我们的星球而且其他星球都在经历着全球变暖。应选D。B(2022·长春质量检查)eq\x(导学号58082275)OneofthebiggestsocialissuesinJapanistheincreasinglylowmarriageratesamongyoungpeopleandthelowbirthrates，whichleadtoanagingandeventuallyshrinking(萎缩)population.MostyoungJapanesewomensimplydon'tseeminterestedinhavingmanychildren.NowwhatbeganinJapanishappeningglobally.AsDavidBrookswrote，birthratesarebecominglowerinmuchoftheworld，fromIran—1.7birthsperwoman—toRussia，wherelowbirthratesconnectedwithhighdeathratesmeanthepopulationisalreadyshrinking.AndthisincludestheUS，whichhaslonghadhigherbirthratesthanmostdevelopednations.Agingcountrieswillfacetheburdenofcaringforlargeelderlypopulationswithoutalargerresourceofyoungworkers.It'struethatglobalagingisgoingtopresentsomemajorchallenges.Whowilltakecareoftheelderly？Willanolderworldbelessactiveandslowertochangeandadapt？It'salltrue.SometimesIworryaboutacominggenerationalwaroverresources，justasIworryabouthowIwilltakecareofmyownparentsintheiroldage，justasIworryaboutwhomighttakecareofme.Buthere'sthething：anolderworldmayhavelesspressureontheenvironment.Asweallknow，theenvironmentistherealvictimofoverpopulation.Somaybeaworldthatgrowsslowerandgrowsolderwillputlesspressureontheenvironment，andbuyusafewmoreyearstoensureourenergyuse，alongwithourbirthrates，reachesasustainable(可持续的)level.Afterall，we'resupposedtogetsmarteraswegetolder.Hopefullythatholdstruefortheplanetaswell.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球老龄化带来的挑战，也指出了老龄化社会有利的方面。5．ThepopulationissueinJapanismentionedto_B__.A．showyoungpeople'spreferenceformarriageB．introducethetopicofglobalbirthrates'becominglowerC．indicatethedeepercauseofJapan'sdepressionD．emphasizetherevolutionofJapanesewomen[解析]细节理解题。文章开头提及日本人口出生率低是为了引出全球人口出生率低、老龄化问题。第二段的第一句“NowwhatbeganinJapanishappeningglobally〞也是提示。应选B。6．Whichwillbecausedbylowbirthratesaccordingtothepassage?_A__A．Agingsociety. B．Environmentalproblems.C．Highdeathrates. D．Lowemploymentrates.[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“OneofthebiggestsocialissuesinJapanis...andthelowbirthrates，whichleadtoanagingandeventuallyshrinking(萎缩)population〞可知，人口出生率低会导致老龄化社会。应选A。7．What'stheauthor'sattitudetotheworldwidebirthrates'becominglower?_C__A．Anxious. B．Disappointed.C．Hopeful. D．Doubtful.[解析]观点态度题。根据文章的最后两段可知，老龄化社会也有有利的方面，如减少环境压力、保障能源供给等。应选C。8．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoDavidBrook?_D__A．Thebirthratesallovertheworldarebecominglower.B．Themostdevelopedcountrieshavehigherdeathrates.C．Americaistheonlydevelopedcountrywithhigherbirthrates.D．Birthrates'becominglowermeansagreatrisktoagingcountries.[解析]细节理解题。根据前三段可知，低出生率会导致社会老龄化，而老龄化国家会面临许多老人需要被照顾、年轻劳动力缺乏的巨大挑战。应选D。Ⅲ.短文改错eq\x(导学号58082276)(2022·浙江卷)下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。WhenIwasaveryyoungchildren，myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberwellyearslate.Everytimehearrivedhomeatendoftheday，we'dgreetheratthedoor.Hewouldaskwhowewasandpretendnottoknowingus.Thenheandmymotherwouldhavehadadrinkwhilesheprepareddinnerandtheywouldtalkabouthisdayandhers.Whiletheychat，myfatherwouldliftmysisterandmeuptositinthetopofthefridge.Itwasbothexcitedandfrighteningtobeupthere！MysisterandIthoughthe