高三英语知能训练(五)(原卷版)

高三英语知识与能力训练（五）一、阅读理解AOneoftheproblemsdamagingourplanetisthenumberofthingswethrowaway.Rubbishofallkindsispilingupinlandfillsandpollutingourriversandoceans.Amorerecentadditiontothelistofthingswechuckawayise-waste--electronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.Nowsolutionsarebeingfoundtogivethisstuffanewlife.Manymillionsoftonsoftelevisions,phones,andotherelectronicequipmentarediscardedeachyear,partlybecauseit'scheapertoreplacethemthanfixthem,butalsobecausewelacktheskillstorepairthem.AUNreportclaimsthe50milliontonsofe-wastegeneratedeveryyearwillmorethandoubleto110milliontonsby2050,makingitthefastestgrowingwastestreamintheworld.However,there'sagrowingtrendforrepaireventsandclubswhichcouldbepartofasolutiontothegrowingamountofelectricalandelectronicjunk.TheBBCvisitedaRestartProjectinLondon,whichisoneofmanyfoundaroundtheworld.Oneo£itsvolunteers,FrancescoCalo,said,“Thisprojectallowsyoutoreducewaste,extendthelifeofobjects,andithelpspeoplewhocannotaffordtogetridofitemsthathavedevelopedafault.”Asmanyelectricalitemscontainvaluablemetals,anotherideaise-wastemining.AnexperimentattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinvolvesextractingthesematerialsfromelectronicgadgets.It'sthoughtthatdoingthiscouldbemoreprofitablethantraditionalmining.Withphonestypicallycontainingasmanyas60elements,thiscouldbepartofthesolutiontoourappetitefornewtechnology.Atpresent,incountrieswherethereisnolegislation,muchofitjustgetsdumped.However,theEuropeanUnion,forexample,istryingtotackletheproblembyinsistingmanufacturersmakeapplianceslonger-lastingandsupplysparepartsformachinesforup10years.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheRestartProjectfoundedtogetridofe-waste.B.Thephenomenonofthesharpriseofelectronicjunk.C.Thedamagecausedbyquantitiesofthingswethrowaway.D.Possiblesolutionstothegrowingamountofelectronicwaste.2.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“discarded”inparagraph2?A.Produced.B.Promoted.C.Recycled.D.Abandoned.3.WhatdoweknowabouttheRestartProjectaccordingtothetext?A.Itaimstoreducee-wastebyprovidingrepairservice.B.Itofferspoorpeoplenewdevicestoreplaceoldones.C.Itisaprojectrecyclingelectricalandelectronicjunk.D.Itintendstomakegreatprofitsbye-wastemining.4.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Asciencetextbook.B.Anenvironmentalmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Aneconomicjournal.BInitiallySouthKoreahadbeendoingwellagainstthevirus,butinAugust,thenumberofreportedinfectionsnearlydoubled,from56to103,injusttwodays.Itreachedapeakof441casesonAugust26beforetickingbackdowntoatleast100newinfectionsgerday.Thatmonth,thehealthministrybannedlargegatheringsandshutnightclubs,churchesandbeachestoturnthetide.Undersuchaterriblesituation,manyrestaurantshavetakeneffectivemeasurestocopewithit.Forexample,NoBrandBurger,afast-foodchaininSouthKorea,isusingrobotstotakeorders,preparefoodandbringmealsouttodiners.Asaresult,customerscanavoidanyinteractionwithahumanserverduringthepandemic（疫情）.Customersorderandpayviatouchscreen,andthentheirrequestissenttothekitchenwhereacookingmachineheatsupthebunsandpatties.Whenit'sready,arobot“waiter”bringsouttheirtakeoutbag.Humanworkersaddtoppingstotheburgersandwrapthemupintakeoutbagsbeforepassingthemovertoservingrobots.Lastmonth,takeoutordersatNoBrandBurgeraccountedfor58percenttotalsales,upfrom42percentinJuly,accordingtothechain'sparentcompany,ShinsegaeFood.Afterarecentsecondwaveofcoronavirusinfections,restaurantsinSouthKoreawereonlyallowedtoprovidetakeoutanddeliveryafter9p.m.—arestrictionthatwasonlyliftedMonday.OtherrestaurantsinAsiahavestartedemployingrobotserversduringthepandemic.InSouthKorea,theItalianrestaurantchainMadforGarlicisusingservingrobotseven,forsit-downcustomers.Using3Dspacemappingandothertechnology,theelectronic“waiter”,knownasAglioKim,navigatesbetweentableswithuptofiveorders.MadforGarlicmanagerLeeYoung—hosaidkidsespeciallyliketherobots,whichcancarryupto66poundsintheirtrays.5.What'sthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Itshowshowseverethepandemicwas.B.Itprovidesbackgroundinformationofrobotservice.C.Itintroducesthemeasuresthegovernmenthastaken.D.Itarousespeople'sinterestinreadingthetext.6.Whyareservingrobotsputintouse?A.Tocuthumaninteractionduringthepandemic.B.Toimprovetheefficiencyofrestaurants.C.TopromoteRobottechnology.D.Toattractchildrencustomers.7.Whatcanrobotsatafast-foodchaininSouthKoreado?A.Addtoppingstotheburgers.B.Packfoodfordiners.C.BringmealsouttodinersD.Chatwithcustomers.8.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Therobotserviceisgenerallywelcomedbycustomers.B.Otherrestaurantshavelongputrobotsintopractice.C.Restaurantscouldonlyprovidetakeoutinthedaytime.D.Childrenlikerobotsbecausetheycanplaywiththem.二、七选五阅读Asweallknow,indailylife,manypeoplewanttogetinshape.Ifyouhappentobeoneofthem,wherewillyougetstarted?Dietcomesfirst.___1___Healthexpertshavelongnotedtheimportanceofphysicalactivities.___2___Physicalactivityburnscalories—themorecaloriesyouconsume,theeasieritistocontrolorloseyourweight.Besides,ithelpstoreducetheriskofsomediseases,includingheartdisease,strokeandevensomekindsofcancer.Physicalactivityisalsoknowntoincreasethereleaseofendorphins,whichhelppeopletoreducepainandfeelmorehappyandpeacefulaswell.___3___Someexpertsbelieveit'stheactofexercisingitself.Otherssayit'sthefeelingonegetsfromhavingmetanexercisegoal.Eitherway,thetwothingsworktogetherwhenitcomestoimprovingone'semotionalhealth.Soexactlyhowmuchexercisedoyouneedtodotogainallofthesegreathealtheffects?Differentpeople,differentideas.Expertssayitiseasierthanyouthink—oneactivityisbetterthannone.___4___Togetthemostfromyourexerciseplan,youareadvisedtochoosephysicalactivitiesthatyoufindfun.___5___Whatyoureallylike,sometimes,outweighswhatispopularamongthepublic.A.Ithelpstoguaranteethatyoucanstaywiththeprogram.B.Keepingabalanceddietcontributesalottoyourhealth.C.Youcanreleasesomebademotionsbyphysicalactivities.D.Exerciseisagoodwayforyoutomaintainphysicalhealth.E.So,ifyouarenotdoinganything,nowisthetimetogetstarted.F.Thereissomedebateaboutexactlywhatcausesthereleaseofthem.G.However,dietalonewon'tdomuchgoodwithoutanexerciseplan.三、完形填空Innature,fallingleavesareknowntobeassociatedwiththeendoftheseason,whendyingleavesfalltothegroundtowelcometheupcomingautumn.Mostpeoplecollecttheleavesanddrythem,___1___SolangeNunes,aBrazilianartistwithadegreeinFineArtsusestheleaves___2___acanvas(帆布)forembroidery(刺绣).By___3___anderror,Nunes___4___herworks,andshenow___5___herartwithover10kpeopleonInstagram(anappofFacebook).Yearsago,she___6___takewalksandbringbranches,leavesorseedshome.Onetime,shedecidedtodoatestwiththeleaves.Itwasa___7___.Therewasno___8___shecouldturntoandthe“canvas”wasextremely___9___,meaningitrequiredhandlingwithcare.Sheresearchedleavesanddidmanytests____10____shegotthedesiredeffect,andthen,since2017,shehas____11____herselfonlytoembroideryondryleaves.Itisajobthatshedoeswithalotof____12____andshecarriesthatintoherwayofthinkingand____13____theworld.Throughit,shetriestohelppeople____14____tothebeautyand____15____oflife,thebeautythatisshort-lived,andthelifethatisverybriefintheeyesofahuman.1.A.soB.butC.orD.and2.A.throughB.intoC.uponD.as3.A.trialB.experienceC.successD.doubt4.A.perfectedB.designedC.spreadD.arranged5.A.exchangesB.connectsC.satisfiesD.shares6.A.usedtoB.tendedtoC.agreedtoD.desiredto7.A.miracleB.challengeC.beginningD.mistake8.A.theoryB.indicationC.referenceD.practice9.A.firmB.solidC.fragileD.slight10.A.whileB.sinceC.unlessD.until11.A.committedB.entertainedC.relatedD.persuaded12.A.effortB.technologyC.passionD.courage13.A.rewardingB.judgingC.protectingD.seeing14.A.addB.awakenC.contributeD.refer15.A.qualityB.simplicityC.ideaD.definition四、语法填空JenniferCoates,a33-year-oldwriterinLosAngeles,___1___(accumulate)morethan110houseplantssinceshebegancollectinginJanuary.Today,they're___2___essentialpartofherdailyroutine.Everymorning,sherollsoutofbedandheadstothelivingroom___3___shebeginsa45-minutetourofallherplants,___4___(bury)fullyinplantculture.Itmightseemextreme,butCo