北京市密云区2023高考英语阅读理解系列训练（11）及答案

第页密云区2023高考英语阅读理解系列训练〔11〕及答案TheQueen’sEnglishisnowsoundinglessupper-class,ascientificstudyoftheQueen’sChristmasbroadcastshadfound.ResearchershavestudiedeachofhermessagestotheCommonwealthcountriessince1952tofindoutthechangeinherpronunciationfromthenobleUpperReceivedtotheStandardReceived.JonathanHarrington,aprofessoratGermany’sUniversityofMunich,wantedtodiscoverwhetheraccent(口音)changersrecordedoverthepasthalfcenturywouldtakeplacewithinoneperson.“AsfarasIknow,therejustisnobodyelseforwhomthereisthissortofbroadcastrecords,〞hesaid.Hesaidthenoblewayofpronouncingvowels(元音)hadgraduallylostgroundasthenobleupper-classaccentoverthepastyears.“Heraccentsoundsslightlylessnoblethanitdid50yearsago.Butthesearevery,verysmallandslowchangesthatwedon’tnoticefromyeartoyear.〞“Wemaybeabletorelateittochangesinthesocialclasses,〞hetoldTheDailyTelegraph,aBritishnewspaper.“In1952shewouldhavebeenheardsaying‘thetmeninthebleckhet’.Nowitwouldbe‘thatmanintheblackhat’.And‘hame’ratherthan‘home’.Inthe1950sshewouldhavebeen‘lorst’,butbythe1970s‘lost’.〞TheQueen’sbroadcastisapersonalmessagetotheCommonwealthcountries.EachChristmas,the10-minutebroadcastisputonTVat3pminBritainasmanyfamiliesarerecoveringfromtheirtraditionalturkeylunch.(传统火鸡午餐).Theresultswerepublished(发表)intheJournalofPhonetics.46.TheQueen’sbroadcastswerechosenforthestudymainlybecause______.

A.shehasbeenQueenformanyyears

B.shehasalessupper-classaccentnow

C.herspeechesarefamiliartomanypeople

D.herspeecheshavebeenrecordedfor50years47.WhichofthefollowingisanexampleofalessnobleaccentinEnglish?

A.“duaty〞

B.“citee〞

C.“hame〞

D.“lorst〞48.WemayinferfromthetextthattheJournalofPhoneticsisamagazineon_________.

A.speechsounds

B.Christmascustoms

C.TVbroadcasting

D.personalmessages49.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Therelationshipbetweenaccentsandsocialclasses.B.TheQueen’sChristmasspeechesonTV.C.Thechangesinaperson’saccent.D.TherecentdevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.参考答案46-5—49、DBAC*******************************************************结束〔201*·广东卷〕Inaworldwithlimitedland,waterandothernaturalresources(资源),theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherise.Actually,thepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisppearingandtheglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunheathysituationmustbechanged,andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable(可持续的)ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwords,weshouldkeepthehealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Today,sustainabledevelopmentisapopulartrendinmanycountries.Accordingtoarecentstudy,theglobalmarketforlow-carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecade.China,forexample,hassetitsmindonleadingthatmarket,hopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyresolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomadefulluseofwindandsolarenergy,andisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.Inaddition,wearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil(棕榈油),whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluaberainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownmorethan50%.Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.First,theycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions(排放)andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besides,strongerarrangementofpublicresouceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.Finally,governmentscanavoidthehugepublicexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirection,andredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanaccerlaratethechangefromthetraditionalmodeltoasustainableone.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltask,butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.41.ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat____.A.itmakestheworldwarmerB.itconsumesnaturalresoucesC.itbringsseveredamagetofutureD.itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue42.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.ChinalackswindandsolarenergyB.Chinaistheleaderofthelow-carbonmarketC.High-speedtrainsarealow-carbondevelopmentD.Palmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests43.Tofullydevelopthelow-carbonmarketsgovernmentscan______.A.cutpublicexpensesB.forbidcarbonemissionC.developpublicresouscesD.encourageenergyconservation44.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesshavemanychancesto_______.A.developsustainableproductsB.explorenewnaturalresouscesC.makefulluseofnaturalresouscesD.dealwiththemajorchallenge45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TointroduceanewbusinessmodelB.TocomparetwobusinessmodelsC.TopredictachangeoftheglobalmarketsD.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了传统经济开展模式给地球带来了许多危害。这种开展模式破坏了毁坏了森林、使全球气候变暖等。现在低碳、可持续的经济开展模式成为许多国家的开展主流方向。中国政府正在充分发挥潜能大力开发新的低耗能、低排放的新能源市场。41.B考查细节理解。根据第一段可知：传统经济开展模式的危害是使全球气候变暖、不能持续开展、给未来开展造成损失。所以B正确。42.B考查推理判断。综合第二段的China,forexample,hassetitsmindonleadingthatmarket,hopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyresolution及段意可知：中国在绿色环保、低能减排的市场上成为领军国家。应选B。43.D考查推理判断。根据First,theycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions(排放)andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy可知选D。44.A考查推理判断。根据最后一段Thatisnosmalltask,butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.可知选A。45.D考查作者的写作意图。文章由传统经济开展模式的弊端引出可持续经济开展的模式，作者通篇阐释了可持续经济开展的模式的好处及开展方向。所以作者提倡可持续开展。********************************************************结束Mostofusspendourlivesseekingthenaturalworld.Tothisend,wewalkthedog,playgolf,gofishing,sitinthegarden,drinkoutsideratherthaninsidethepub,haveapicnic,liveinthesuburbs,gototheseaside,buyaweekendplaceinthecountry.ThemostpopularfreetimeactivityinBritainisgoingforawalk.Andwhenjoggers(慢跑者)jog,theydon’trunthestreets.Everyoneofthemautomaticallyheadstotheparkortheriver.Itismyfirmbeliefthatnotonlydoweallneednature,butweallseeknature,whetherweknowwearedoingsoornot.Butdespitethis,ourchildrenaregrowingupnature-deprived(丧失).Ispentmyboyhoodclimbingtrees.Thesedays,childrenarerobbedoftheseancientfreedoms,duetoproblemslikecrime,traffic,thelossoftheopenspacesandstrangenewideasaboutwhatisbestforchildren,thatistosay,thingsthatcanbebought,ratherthanthingsthatcanbefound.Thetruthistobefoundelsewhere.AstudyintheUS:familieshadmovedtobetterhousingandthechildrenwereassessedforADHD(多动症).Thosewhosehousinghadmorenaturalviewsshowedanimprovementof19%;thosewhohadthesameimprovementinmaterialsurroundingsbutnoniceviewimprovedjust4%.AstudyinSwedenindicatedthatkindergartenchildrenwhocouldplayinanaturalenvironmenthadlessillnessandgreaterphysicalabilitythanchildrenusedonlytoanormalplayground.AUSstudysuggestedthatwhenaschoolgavechildrenaccesstoanaturalenvironment,theentireschoolwoulddobetterinstudies.Anotherstudyfoundthatchildrenplaydifferentlyinanaturalenvironment.Inplaygrounds,childrencreateahierarchy(等级)basedonphysicalabilities,withthetoughonestakingthelead.Butwhenagrassyareawasplantedwithbushes,thechildrengotmuchmoreintofantasyplay,andthesocialhierarchywasnowbasedonimaginationandcreativity.Mostbullying(恃强凌弱)isfoundinschoolswherethereisatarmac(柏油碎石)playground;theleastbullyingisinanaturalareathatthechildrenareencouragedtoexplore.ThisremindsmeunpleasantlyofSunnyhillButchildrenarefrequentlydiscouragedfrominvolvementwithnaturalspaces,forhealthandsafetyreasons,forfearthattheymightgetdirtyorthattheymightcausedamage.So,instead,thedamageisdonetothechildrenthemselves:nottotheirbodiesbuttotheirsouls.OneofthegreatproblemsofmodernchildhoodisADHD,nowincreasinglyandexpensivelytreatedwithdrugs.YetonestudyafteranotherindicatesthatcontactwithnaturegiveshugebenefitstoADHDchildren.However,wespendmoneyondrugsratherthanongreenplacesThelifeofoldpeopleismuchbetterwhentheyhaveaccesstonature.Themostimportantforthegrowingpopulationofoldpeopleisinqualityratherthanquantityofyears.Andstudyafterstudyfindsthatagardenisthesinglemostimportantthinginfindingthatquality.Inwiderandmoredifficultareasoflife,thereisevidencetoindicatethatnaturalsurroundingsimproveallkindsofthings.Evenproblemswithcrimeandaggressivebehaviourarereducedwhenthereiscontactwiththenaturalworld.DrWilliamBird,researcherfromtheRoyalSocietyfortheProtectionofBirds,statesinhisstudy,“Anaturalenvironmentcanreduceviolentbehaviourbecauseitsprocesshelpsreduceangerandbehaviorthatpeoplemightregretlater.〞Wildplacesneedencouragingforthisreason,nomatterhowsmalltheircontribution.Wetendtothinkhumanbeingsaredoingnaturesomekindoffavourwhenweareprotectingnature.Theerrorhereisfartoodeep:notonlydohumansneednatureforthemselves,buttheveryideathathumanityandthenaturalworldareseparablethingsisdamaging.Humanbeingsareaspeciesofanimals.Forsevenmillionyearswelivedontheplanetaspartofnature.Sowemissthenaturalworldandlongforcontactwithnon-humanlife.Anyonewhohaspattedadog,strokedacat,satunderatreewithaglassofbeer,givenorreceivedabunchofflowersorchosentowalkthroughtheparkonaniceday,understandsthat.Weneedthewildworld.Itisnecessarytoourwell-being,ourhealth,ourhappiness.Withoutotherlivingthingsarounduswearelessthanhuman.15.Whatistheauthor’sfirmbelief?A.Peopleseeknatureindifferentways.B.Peopleshouldspendmostoftheirlivesinthewild.C.Peoplehavequitedifferentideasofnature.D.Peoplemustmakemoreeffortstostudynature.16.Whatdoestheauthorsaypeoplepreferfortheirchildrennowadays?

A.Personalfreedom.

B.Thingsthatarenatural.

C.Urbansurroundings.

D.Thingsthatarepurchased.17.WhatdoesastudyinSwedenshow?

A.Thenaturalenvironmentcanhelpchildrenlearnbetter.

B.Moreaccesstonaturemakeschildrenlesslikelytofallill.

C.Agoodplaygroundhelpskidsdeveloptheirphysicalabilities.

D.NaturalviewscanpreventchildrenfromdevelopingADHD.

18.Childrenwhohavechancestoexplorenaturalareas________.

A.tendtodevelopastrongloveforscience

B.aremorelikelytodreamaboutwildlife

C.tendtobephysicallytougherinadulthood

D.arelesslikelytobeinvolvedinbullying

19.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestwedotohelpchildrenwithADHD?

A.Findmoreeffectivedrugsforthem.

B.Providemoregreenspacesforthem.

C.Placethemundermorepersonalcare.

D.Engagetheminmoremeaningfulactivities.

20.Inwhatwaydoelderlypeoplebenefitfromtheircontactwithnature?

A.Theylookonlifeoptimistically.B.Theyenjoyalifeofbetterquality.C.Theyareabletolivelonger.D.Theybecomegood-humoured.15.A。从第一段最后一句〞Itismyfirmbeliefthatnotonlydoweallneednature,butweallseeknature,whetherweknowwearedoingsoornot.〞可知人们以各种形式追寻大自然，亲近大自然。16.D。从第二段最后一句中“thingsthatcanbebought,ratherthanthingsthatcanbefound〞可知父母现在更愿意给孩子买东西.17.B。从第四段第一句中“kindergartenchildrenwhocouldplayinanaturalenvironmenthadlessillnessandgreaterphysicalability〞可以得出B结论。18.D。从第六段第一句中的“theleastbullyingisin

anaturalarea

thatthechildrenareencouragedto

explore.〞可以得出D结论。19.B。第八段第二句“YetonestudyafteranotherindicatesthatcontactwithnaturegiveshugebenefitstoADHDchildren.〞可知对多动症儿童来说，把他们置于自然环境中是最有益的。20.B。第九段第二句“Themostimportantforthegrowingpopulationofoldpeopleisinqualityratherthanquantityofyears.〞可以得出B结论。********************************************************结束VincentVanGoghwasnotalwaysanartist.Infact,hewantedtobeachurchministerbutwassenttotheBelgianminingcommunityofBorinagein1879.Hediscoveredthattheminerstherelivedwithterribleworkingconditionsandreceivedpoverty-levelwages.Theirfamilieswerenotwellfedandstruggledsimplytosurvive.Hefeltconcernedthatthesmallsalaryhereceivedfromthechurchallowedhimtoliveanormallife,which,incontrasttothepoor,seemedunfair.Arichfamilyinthecommunityofferedhimfreeroomandboard.ButVanGoghturneddowntheoffer,statingthatitwasthefinaltemptationhemustrejectifhewastofaithfullyservehiscommunityofpoorminers.Hebelievedthatifhewantedthemtotrusthim,hemustbecomeoneofthem.AndiftheyweretolearnoftheloveofGodthroughhim,hemustlovethemenoughtosharewiththem.Hewasfullyawareofawidechasmwhichcanseparatewordsandactions.Heknewthatpeople’slivesoftenspeaklouderandclearerthantheirwords.MaybeitwasthatsameknowledgethatledFrancisofAssisitofreq