语法填空和短文改错20条抢分细节

语法填空和短文改错20条抢分细节1.a/an的区别

anhour,anhonestboy,anhonor(hour,honest,honor中的h不发音)

auniversity,auniqueperson,anumbrella(university/unique中字母u发/ju/，umbrella中u发元音/ʌ/)2.连系动词归类：以下连系动词之后都可以接形容词作表语1)状态连系动词：am,is,are2)持续连系动词：keep,remain,stay,lie,stand3)表像连系动词：seem,appear,look4)感官连系动词：feel,smell,sound,taste5)变化连系动词：become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.6)终止连系动词：prove,turnout3.以下表示心理感受的动词，都是及物动词，大都含有“使...”的意思，它们的现在分词和过去分词都形容词化，用法不相同，短文改错经常考查：v+ing可作定语和表语，描述的对象多为物；v+ed多用作表语，主语为人，如果作定语，名词也是跟人有关的。Thestorymustbevery

interesting.

His

interested

expressionshowsthatheisinterestedinthe

interesting

story.amaze使惊奇,

amuse使快乐,

astonish使震惊,

annoy使烦恼,

bore使麻烦,

confuse使迷惑,

delight使高兴,

depress使沮丧，

disappoint使失望,

discourage使沮丧,

encourage使鼓舞,

excite使兴奋,

fascinate使着迷,

frighten使害怕,

inspire使受鼓舞,

interest使感兴趣,

move使感动,

puzzle使着迷,

relax使放松,

satisfy使满足,

surprise使惊讶,

tire使疲劳,

worry使担4.以下名词不可数advice建议

baggage=luggage行李

equipment设备

fun乐趣

furniture家具,

homework作业

housework家务

information信息

news消息

progress进步5.大部分的形容词+ly变为相对应的副词，但以下形容词“去e加y”变副词：

大概真正舒适的温柔可能简单得可怕probable--probably

true-truly

comfortable--comfortably

gentle--gently

possible--possibly

simple--simply

terrible--terribly

6.词形变化要去e的单词：9.5.12在争论有价值的可信的真相nine--ninth

five--fifth

twelve—twelfth

arguev.-argument

n.

争论

trueadj.--truthn.真相

valuen/v.--valuableadj.

有价值的

believev--believableadj.可信的7.以下动词去e加al变名词arrive---arrival到达

approve--approval赞成,批准

bury--burial

埋葬

dispose-disposal清除,去掉

propose--proposal建议

refuse-refusal拒绝

remove--removal去除,移动

survive--survival幸存8.常见的动词变名词的特殊变化explain--explanation解释

describe--description描述

absorb--absorption吸收

subscribe--subscription订阅

breathe/briːð/--breath/breθ/呼吸

bathe/beɪð/--bath/bɑːθ/洗澡complain--complaint抱怨

restrain---restraint抑制

persue--persuit追求9.形容词变名词的一些特殊变化wide---width深度

long---length长度

deep--depth宽度

warm---warmth温暖

strong--strength强度

young--youth青年人

grow--growth生长10.by这个介词很特别，by+ving表示方式

，(be)+V过去分词+byEncouraged

byhisheadteacher,hedecidedtostudyharder.过去分词作状语Ashe

wasencouraged

byhisheadteacher,hedecidedtostudyharder.被动语态作从句的谓语Theheadteacherencouragedhisstudentsby

tellingthemlotsofexamples.11.有方向的词常互改:

here这儿--there那儿

bring带来--take带走

come来--go去

borrow主语借进来--lend主语借出去

常用于以下固定短语:borrowsth.fromsb.

borrowsb’ssth.

lendsth.tosb.

lendsb.sth.Helentmehisbike.Helenthisbiketome.

Iborrowedthebikefromhim.Iborrowedhisbike.12.以元音字母+r结尾的动词，现在分词和过去分词,有的要双写r,有的不要双写(适用于重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词这一规则)occur---occurring--occurred--occurrencen.发生

prefer---preferring--preferred---preferencen.偏爱,喜欢

refer---referring--referred--referencen.提及

stir---stirring--stirred搅拌

star---starring--starred

主演offer---offering--offered

提供

enter---entering--entered

进入

13.以下动词只能用动名词作宾语：承认建议避免允许欣赏：admit

advise

avoid

allow

appreciate开始忍不住否认考虑继续延迟：begin

can'thelp

deny

consider

continue

delay喜欢享受借口逃避完成：fancy

enjoy

excuse

escape

finish介意提到禁止错过保持想象：mind

mention

forbid

miss

keep

imagine

冒险建议停止允许练习原谅：risk

suggest

stop

permit

practice

pardon14.以下短语中的to都是介词，其后接动词需用动名词作宾语lookforwardto期待

getdownto着手做

objectto反对

stickto坚持

cometo提及

referto提到

leadto导致

adaptto适应

beaccustomedto习惯做

devoteoneselfto献身于

payattentionto注意

contributeto有助于

beusedto习惯15.感官动词see,hear,watch,notice,observe,spot等词之后用现在分词作宾补表示片断的、正在进行的动作。此外还有catch,discover,find,get,have,keep,set等动词之后也用现在分词作宾补。Listen.Canyouhearhim

playing

thepiano?Don’tletmecatchyou

stepping

onthegrassagain.16.感官动词see,hear,watch,observe,notice,spot等词之后接不定式作宾补，必须省略不定式符号to，表示经常的、过去的、整个过程的动作，宾补常为非延续性动词。Iobservedakidslipintoasupermarket.

Heheardhissonbangintohisownroom.17.使役动词make,let,have及help(可带也可不带to)之后，也要用不带to的动词不定式作宾补。Myparentshavemestudyalldaylong.

Don'tmakeyoursonworksolate.Mysonoftenhelpsme(to)dothehousework.

Let'sstoptohavearest(目的状语).

Hemadehissonstudyalldaylong(改被动)18.接不定式作宾语的动词顺口溜同意选择申请问负担:

agree

choose

apply

ask

afford

决定需要期待失败:

decide/determine

demand/desire

expect

fail

碰巧希望打算学会经营:happen

hope

mean/intend

learn

manage

假装准备提供计划:pretend

prepare

offer

plan

拒绝承诺选择希望:refuse

promise

select

wish

Ican’tafford

tobuy

ahouseonmyown,soIdecide

torent

oneinstead.19.It代替不定式作形式主语的两个句型用法区别：注意介词用错Itis＋adj.＋for

sb.＋todosth.

形容词用来描述不定式的动作Itis＋adj.＋of

sb.＋todosth.

形容词用来描述人的品德、特征等kind,nice,wise,silly,polite,impolite,friendly,foolish,cleverIt’sverykind

of

youtohelpmewithmyEnglish.It’sveryimportant

for

youtostudyhard.20.with的复合宾语1)Withsomanygooddoctorsandnursesaway,you'dbettertrytokeephealthy.2)Withhisclotheson,hefellsoundasleep.3)Withmuchhomeworktodo,Ican'tgotothemoviewithyoutonight.4)Withnothingtodoathome,somanypeoplefeelboredthesedays.

5)Withmyparentshelpingmewiththehouse-work,Ifeelquiterelaxedthesedays.6)Withhomeworkdone,thelittleboyranhome,singingalltheway.7)Withhandstiedbehind,thethiefwasbroughtin.8)Withtreessurroundingthehouse,Icanalwayshaveanicesummerinmyhometown.

高考将至，坚持到底就是胜利，继续往前冲吧！一、单词拼写

1．容易错写词尾的单词

(1)

是ar不是er

:

grammar,

vinegar,

regular,

popular,

dollar,

beggar,

sugar,

particular

(2)是

or

不是er:

professor,

visitor,

translator,

director,

editor,

educator,

actor,

inventor,

competitor

2．容易颠倒字母顺序的单词（括号中为错词）

destroy

(destory)

,

first

(frist)

,

Friday

(Firday)

friend

(firend)

,receive

(recieve)

,

true

(ture),amateur

(amature)

3．容易丢掉一个字母的单词

(1)容易丢掉字母n：government，environment，environmental

(2)容易丢掉不发音的字母：Christmas，Wednesday(3)拼写比较特别的单词：committee，guarantee，dilemma，opportunity，bridegroom，spokesman，succeed，competition，February

4．容易多一个字母的单词（括号中为错词）

develop

(develope)

,

habit

(habbit)

,

proud

(pround)

,modern

(mordern)

,

until

(untill)

,

souvenir

(souvenire)

,similar

(similiar)

5．词形相近，词义、词性容易混淆的单词

quiet一quite,

aboard一abroad,

broad一board,

adopt一adapt,

alone一along,

horse一house,

except一expect

,through一thorough,

price一prize一praise,

quality一quantity,

it一it's,

everyday一

every

day,

beside-besides,

affect一

effect

,

typewriter-typist,

cook-cooker,

physicist一

physician,

late一later,

latter一lately,

seize一size

,

sweet一sweat,

till一until

,

sigh一sign,

weather一whether,

rise一raise,

piece一peace,

rough一tough,

steel一steal一still,

sometime一sometimes一some

time一sometimes,

past一passed,

wander一wonder,

father一farther一feather,

diary一dairy,

form一from,

hard一hardly,

metal一medal一mental,

than一then,

principle一principal

,enable一unable,

overcome一come

over,

altitude一attitude

6．该双写却没有双写的单词

unforgettable,

beginning,

written

,

inferred,

referred

,

occurred

7．不该双写却双写的单词（括号中为错词）

writing

(writting)

,

eaten

(eatten)

,

suffer

(sufferred)

8．必须去掉字母e的单词

unbelievable,

valuable,

argument,

truly

9．不能去掉字母e的单词

(un)

changeable,

(re)

chargeable,

hopeful,

envelope，moveable

10．两个变化非常特别的单词

panic-panicked-panickingpicnic-picnicked-picnicking

二、词性转化容易出错词1．动词变名词比较特殊的单词describe

一

description,

explain一

explanation,pronounce一

pronunciation,permit一permission,conclude一conclusion,admit一admission,prepare一preparation,decide—decision,conclude一conclusion，arrive一arrival,survive一survival-survivor2．名词变形容词比较特殊的单词nature一natural,benefit一

beneficial3．形容词变名词比较特殊的单词curious-curiosity,able-ability,dangerous一danger,anxious-anxiety,broad-breadth,long-length,wide/width,deep-depth,responsible-responsibility4．形容词变副词不去e的单词(un)fortunate

一（un)fortunately,immediate一immediately,absolute一absolutely,rude一rudely,approximate一approximately,desperate一desperately,large一largely,accurate一accurately

但true-truly!5．形容词与副词同形的单词straight，fast，late，hard6．形容词变副词，去e加y的单词（以-ble，pIe结尾的单词，去e加y就好）simple一simply,（im）possible一（im）possibly，probable一probably，（un）comfortable一（un）comfortably7．基数词转化为序数词比较特殊的单词one一

first,two一second,three一third,five一fifth,eight一eighth,nine一ninth,twelve一twelfth整数位的一ty要改为一tieth，如twenty一twentieth,sixty一sixtieth另外，注意这些数词的变化：four一fourteen一forty,five一fifteen一fifty三、常见常考的否定词1.un一：unusual,unhappy,unnecessary,unexpected2.im一：impossible,impolite,imm