河南省洛阳市新安县第五高级中学2021年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析

河南省洛阳市新安县第五高级中学2021年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Whatsetshumanbeingsapartfromanimalsisnotthepursuitofhappiness,butthepursuitofmeaning,_____isuniquetohumans.A.that

B.what

C.which

D.as参考答案：C2.——Hesaidhewouldfinishitontime.

——Well，maybe_______isnotwhathesaysbutwhathedoesthatcounts．A．this

B．that

C．there

D.it参考答案：D3.Thereisnothingwrongwithusingacreditcardforpurchases.It’smore_______thancarryingloadsofcash.A.convenient

B.valuable

C.sensitive

D.innocent参考答案：A4.WemaybegoingskiingatChristmas,butit’sstillallup__________.We’llprobablymakethedecisionthedayaftertomorrow.A.inthewild

B.intheair

C.inthedistance

D.inthelongrun参考答案：B5.Withnothing_______toburn,thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.A.leaving

B.leftC.leave

D.toleave参考答案：B试题分析：句意：剩下的没有什么东西可燃烧，火越来越弱最后熄灭了。句中nothing和动词leave是被动关系，故用过去分词，故选B。6.Unlessaheartoperationiscarriedout,hischanceof________isslight,sinceitisthethirdtimethathehassufferedasevereheartattack.A．championship

B．survivalC．scholarship

D．approval参考答案：B【详解】考查名词辨析。A.championship冠军；B.survival生存；C.scholarship奖学金；D.approval批准。句意：除非做心脏手术，否则他活下来的机会很小，因为这已经是他第三次心脏病发作了。故B选项正确。7.—It’stimethatI____onnightduty.Imustbeoffnow.

—I’dratheryou____athomeonsuchafamilyreunionnight.

A.am,stay

B.was,stayed

C.willbe,tostay

D.be,willstay参考答案：B8.Being________bornandraisedNewYorker,Katespeaks________languageofEnglishfluently.A.a;/

B./;the C.a;the D.the;/参考答案：C试题解析：句意：作为一名天生的纽约人，Kate说英语很流利。第一个空中a表量词一名，第二空thelanguageofEnglish英语。故选C。9.SteveJobs’death_______quicklyandsoonbecamethetalkofthewholeworld.A.expressed

B.spread

C.performed

D.whispered参考答案：B18.Withthe_____ofthismedicaltechnology,somediseasescanbetreatedatanearlystage.A. application B.appreciation C.approach D.approval参考答案：A11.－GoingtothepartyonSaturday?－

Shallwegotogether?A．Notsure．

B．Guesswhat? C．Withpleasure． D．Youbet!参考答案：D12.

Ifyouread_____thelines,youwillknowthattheydon’treallywelcomeustoattendthemeeting.

A.within

B.in

C.between

D.at参考答案：C13.—

，butI'mgoingtoalecture．Thanksforaskingme，though．A．Allright

B．SoundsgreatC．It'sveryniceofyou

D．Sorry参考答案：B略8.Ashleystillrememberstheexcitementwhenshe______foratriptoCanada.

A.chooses

B.hasbeenchosen

C.chose

D.waschosen参考答案：D15.—WouldyoumindifIaskedyouwhereyou’refrom?

—_________.A.Ofcourse.I’mfromLondon.

B.Sure.IwasborninLondon.C.Notreally.Youcandoit.

D.Notatall.I’mfromLondon.

参考答案：D略16.Itisnecessaryforwebsitestochecktheircooperator's____toprotecttheirrightsandtherightsofthenetizens.A.administration

B.reliability

C.relationship

D.knowledge参考答案：b略二、完型填空17.Oneevening,Catherinewasathomeasusual.Asher___41___swungbetweenwhatshewasgoingtodowithherlifeandtheirdinnerplansfortheevening,shewasunexpectedly___42___byanurgentcallfromhersister“Getoverhere!TurnonNBCandchecktheseguysout.Theyarejustlikeyou…..”OneFacebookmessageandaphoneinterviewlater,Catherine___43___herselfonabuswith8strangersinthemiddleoftheswelteringdesertheatofUtah,pickinguptrashand___44___awarenessaboutzero-wasteandclimatechange.Withadeep___45___oftheenvironmentandadesiretomakea___46___,Catherine,Davey,andagroupofself___47___“environmentalpick-upartists”wentonacoasttocoastroadsidetrashpick-up.Astheywalked,sometimesonly___48___0.9milesinanentireday,they___49___andsteadilymadetheirwayacrosstheUnitedStatesforthreeyears,pickingupatotalof201,678poundsoftrash.CatherineandDavey____50____withuswonderfulstoriesofhopeandinspirationthatfueledtheir___51___tocontinuetheirjourney.Afterspendingweekssilently____52____howshewouldhaveenough____53____toflyhomefortheirtwo-weekspringbreak,Catherinefoundablank,unidentifiedenvelope____54____with$850cashinthedesert.Justenoughtogetherhomeandback.Aftertheirbus____55____outsideofDenver,theyunexpectedlygot____56____andarrivedinYosemiteNationalParkthreeweekslater,justintimeforthe“YosemiteFacelift”where___57___fromalloverthestatecametogetherwitha____58____ofcleaninguptrashalloverthepark.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimebecamealmostnormal,andtheyrealizedthatmuchofwhatthey___59___wasmorethanjustacoincidence.Together,theirteamlearnedtosimply

____60____themselvestotheirtask,andsurrendertothejourney.41.A.hands B.balance C.thoughts D.position42.A.blamed B.interrupted C.moved D.frightened43.A.dropped B.cheered C.found D.taught44.A.abandoning B.shaking C.raising D.hiding45.A.pride B.trust C.fear D.love46.A.difference B.promise C.mistake D.plan47.A.corrected B.described C.repeated D.discovered48.A.driving B.fixing C.riding D.covering49.A.slowly B.secretly C.helplessly D.frequently50.A.heard B.shared C.wrote D.read51.A.efforts B.costs C.problems D.choices52.A.worryingabout B.replyingto C.dependingon D.meetingwith53.A.time B.food C.money D.room54.A.equipped B.supplied C.decorated D.filled55.A.setoff B.brokedown C.headedfor D.heldon56.A.rest B.practice C.understanding D.help57.A.members B.volunteers C.tourists D.reporters58.A.purpose B.question C.decision D.lesson59.A.introduced B.expected C.experienced D.examined60.A.turn B.limit C.compare D.devote参考答案：41.C

42.B

43.C

44.C

45.D

46.A

47.B

48.D

49.A

50.B

51.A

52.A

53.C

54.D

55.B

56.D

57.B

58.A

59.C

60.D【分析】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了带着对环境的热爱和想要有所作为的愿望，凯瑟琳、戴维和一群自命为“环保拾荒艺术家”的人沿着海岸公路边的垃圾拾荒的故事。她们的故事也激励了更多的志愿者加入了这样的行动中来。【41题详解】考查名词辨析。A.hands手；B.balance平衡；C.thoughts想法；D.position位置。句意：正当她的思绪在她的生活和晚餐计划之间摇摆不定时。故C选项正确。【42题详解】考查动词辨析。A.blamed责备；B.interrupted打断；C.moved移动；D.frightened使害怕。句意：她的思绪被她姐姐的紧急电话打断了。故B选项正确。【43题详解】考查动词辨析。A.dropped滴落；B.cheered欢呼，愉快；C.found发现；D.taught教。句意：一条Facebook信息和一次电话采访之后，凯瑟琳发现自己和8个陌生人坐在一辆公交车上，置身于犹他州酷热的沙漠之中。故C选项正确。【44题详解】考查动词辨析。A.abandoning抛弃，遗弃；B.shaking摇动；C.raising提高；D.hiding藏。raiseawareness“提高意识”。故C选项正确。【45题详解】考查名词辨析。A.pride骄傲；B.trust信任；C.fear害怕；D.love爱。这里表示“对环境深深的爱”。故D选项正确。【46题详解】考查名词辨析。A.difference不同；B.promise承诺；C.mistake错误；D.plan计划。句意：带着对环境的热爱和想要有所作为的愿望。makeadifference“有影响，有作用”。故A选项正确。【47题详解】考查动词辨析。A.corrected改正；B.described描述；C.repeated重复；D.discovered发现。他们把自己描述为“环保拾荒艺术家”。故B选项正确。【48题详解】考查动词辨析。A.driving开车；B.fixing安装；C.riding骑车；D.covering覆盖，采访，占地，走了……路。此题表示“走了0.9里路”。故D选项正确。【49题详解】考查副词辨析。A.slowly慢地；B.secretly秘密地；C.helplessly无助地；D.frequently频繁地。有时他们一整天就走了0.9里路，所以比较缓慢。故A选项正确。【50题详解】考查动词辨析。A.heard听到；B.shared分享；C.wrote写；D.read读。句意：凯瑟琳和戴维与我们分享了关于希望和灵感的精彩故事。故B选项正确。【51题详解】考查名词辨析。A.efforts努力；B.costs花费；C.problems问题；D.choices选择。句意：这些故事激励着他们继续他们的旅程。故A选项正确。【52题详解】考查动词辨析。A.worryingabout担心；B.replyingto回答，答复；C.dependingon依靠；D.meetingwith遇见，碰到。句意：几个星期以来，凯瑟琳一直在默默地担心自己是否有足够……乘飞机回家过两个星期的春假。故A选项正确。【53题详解】考查名词辨析。A.time时间；B.food食物；C.money钱；D.room房间。根据下文with$850cashinthedesert.Justenoughtogetherhomeandback.可知，凯瑟琳一直在默默地担心自己是否有足够钱乘飞机回家过两个星期的春假。故C选项正确。【54题详解】考查动词辨析。A.equipped装备；B.supplied提供；C.decorated装饰；D.filled装。befilledwith“装满”。句意：她在沙漠里发现了一个空白的、身份不明的信封，里面装着850美元现金。故D选项正确。【55题详解】考查动词辨析。A.setoff出发；B.brokedown坏掉；C.headedfor朝……出发；D.heldon坚持，继续。这里表示“他们的车坏掉了”。故B选项正确。【56题详解】考查名词辨析。A.rest休息；B.practice实践；C.understanding理解；D.help帮助。车坏掉之后他们得到了意想不到的帮助。故D选项正确。【57题详解】考查名词辨析。A.members成员；B.volunteers志愿者；C.tourists游客；D.reporters记者。根据语境，此处指“来自全国各地的志愿者们聚集到一起参加活动”。故B选项正确。【58题详解】考查名词辨析。A.purpose目的；B.question问题；C.decision决定；D.lesson课程。withapurposeof“带着……目的”。故A选项正确。【59题详解】考查动词辨析。A.introduced介绍；B.expected期望，预料；C.experienced经历；D.examined检查。句意：他们所经历的很多事情都不仅仅是个巧合。故C选项正确。【60题详解】考查动词辨析。A.turn转向；B.limit限制；C.compare相比；D.devote奉献。devote…to…“把……奉献给……；致力于……”。他们的团队在一起学会了只献身于任务，屈服于旅途。故D选项正确。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第5小题要求判断出凯瑟琳带着对环境有深深的什么。该题可根据下文Catherine,Davey,andagroupofself____7____“environmentalpick-upartists”wentonacoasttocoastroadsidetrashpick-up.（凯瑟琳、戴维和一群自己……为“环保拾荒艺术家”的人，沿着海岸公路边的垃圾拾荒）可知，凯瑟琳对环境有着深深的爱。故B选项正确。三、阅读理解18.Supercomputerswhichcananalysebloodsamplesandpredictwhichpatientsarelikelytobecomeseriouslyillcouldsavetensofthousandsoflivesayear,itwasrevealedlastnight,accordingtoTheDailyExpress.Theartificialintelligence(AI)system,developedatUniversityCollegeLondonandsettobepilotedinNHShospitalslaterthisyear,willscreen“atrisk”patientssodoctorscantakeearlyactiontopreventdeathorseriousillness.ProfYoung,aconsultantsurgeonatSouthendUniversityHospital,said:“Iamsoexcitedaboutthisformoftechnology.”Insteadofpeoplegettingsickordyingbecausetheyarenotpickedupintime,thiswillallowustostepinearlierwhichwillsavelivesandanenormousamountofmoney.“IthinkthepotentialofAIinhealthcarelikethisisasbigastheIndustrialRevolutionwas—andsignalsacompletelynewexampleinthewaywemanagehealthcare.”ThetechnologyisthebrainchildofDrVishalNangalia,aconsultantattheRoyalFreeHospitalinLondon.HeusedAItoanalyseabillionstoredbloodsamplesfrom20differentUKhospitaltrustsdatingbackupto12years.Computersassessbloodtestresultsbypickingupsubtlechangesinredandwhitebloodcells,suggestingapatientisgoingdownhill.Hefoundthetechniqueforecastoutcomesofpatientswithkidneyproblemswithupto95percentaccuracy.Traditionalmethodshighlightingseriouspatientconcernspickedupasfewas16percentofpatientswhowentontodie.“Thisgivesustheopportunitynotonlytosavelivesbuttopreventseriousillness,makingthehealthservicenotonlysaferbutmoreefficient.”ProfYoungsaid,“Insteadofwaitingforpeopletogetworse,wewillbeabletotreatthemearlier.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“screen”inParagraph2mean?A.comfort. B.treat.C.spot. D.nurse.13.Howdosupercomputershelpsavelives?A.Bystoringbloodsamples.B.Byanalyzingpatients’cases.C.Byobservingchangesinbloodcells.D.Byassistingdoctorswiththeiroperations.14.WhydidProfessorYoungmentiontheIndustrialRevolution?A.ToshowtheinfluenceofAI.B.Tostresstheimportanceofhealthcare.C.Tointroducethetopicofsupercomputers.D.Topresenttheachievementhehasaccomplished.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewtechnology?A.Ithelpspatientsrecoverearlier.B.Ithashelpedsavethousandsoflives.C.Itwillpromotethehealthservicegreatly.D.Itisintendedforpatientswithkidneydiseases.参考答案：12.C

13.C

14.A

15.C【分析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍超级计算机能够分析血样并预测哪些病人可能会患上重病，每年可以挽救数万人的生命。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段sodoctorscantakeearlyactiontopreventdeathorseriousillness.以便医生能够及早采取行动，预防死亡或严重疾病，可以猜测出，人工智能将用于对高危病人进行“筛查”。此处screen意为“筛查”。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段Computersassessbloodtestresultsbypickingupsubtlechangesinredandwhitebloodcells,suggestingapatientisgoingdownhill.可知，计算机通过检测红细胞和白细胞的细微变化来评估血液检测结果。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“IthinkthepotentialofAIinhealthcarelikethisisasbigastheIndustrialRevolutionwas—andsignalsacompletelynewexampleinthewaywemanagehealthcare.”杨教授认为，人工智能在医疗保健领域的潜力与工业革命一样大，以此类比，说明人工智能在医疗领域的影响力。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Insteadofwaitingforpeopletogetworse,wewillbeabletotreatthemearlier.”可知，这项技术将能够更早地治疗患者，而不是坐等病情恶化，从而推断，人工智能这一科技帮助医生对疾病诊疗早预判，早介入，从而帮助挽救大量生命，将大大促进卫生服务。故选C。【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题1要求猜测出screen的含义，就是根据文章第二段sodoctorscantakeearlyactiontopreventdeathorseriousillness.以便医生能够及早采取行动，预防死亡或严重疾病，可以猜测出，人工智能将用于对高危病人进行“筛查”。从而推测出screen为“筛查”之意。19.Certainlydustmenprefertobeknownas“RefuseCollectionandDisposalOfficers”.Youmaythinkthatthisisrathersilly,andthatitisbettertocallaspade.Butdustmencanbejustassensitiveaspeopleofanyotheroccupations,thoughwemustadmitthattheirjobisnotthemostromanticoneintheworld.Weoftentakedustmenforgranted.Perhapsbecausetheyusuallycomeveryearlyinthemorning,beforemostpeopleareup,weareinclinedtoforgetthattheyexist.Ourdustbinsareemptiedregularly,butwerarelystoptothinkaboutthemenwhodothis.However,itisoneofthemostimportantjobsintheworld,andwhentherearenodustmen

,thegeneralpublicsoonbecomesawarethatsomethingiswrong.Recently,thedustmenofEnglandwentonstrikeforhigherwages.Duringthefirstfewdaysitwasregardedasajoke.Forsomereason,jokeshavealwaysbeenmadeaboutdustmen,andsomepeoplethoughtthisstrikewasveryamusing.Butwhenthefirsttwoweekshadpassed,andthedustbinswereoverflowinginnearlyeverybackyardinthecountry,thejokedidnotseemsofunnyanymore.Asthestrikecontinued,peoplecouldnotbeartheaccumulationofrubbisharoundtheirdustbins,andtheylookedforotherplacesinwhichtogetridofit.Evenwhenthestrikewasover,andthewagesdisputehadbeensettled,ittookseveralweeksforth