高考英语句子成分分析

Part1英语句子成分

(完整版高英语句子成分分一、词类英词分十:名、形词代词数、词、词副词介、连、叹词1名（n.)：表人事物地点或象概念的名称如boy，morning,bag,ball，class，orange.2、词（。）：主要来代替名词。如who,she,you，it3、容词(。表人或事物性质或特征。如：good,right，white，orange。4、词（num.)：表数目或事物顺序。如one，two,three,first，second，third，fourth。5、词v.）表动或状态。如：am，is,are，have，see.6副：修饰动词形容词其他副词说明时间地程度等如now,，here,often，quietly,slowly.7、词art。。)：用在词,帮助明名.如：an,the。8介（prep：表它后面的名词或代与其他句子成分的关系.如in，on，from,above，behind.9、词conj。)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and,but,before.10、叹词interj.。)表示、怒、哀、乐等感情.如：oh,well,hi,hello。二、句子成分1.主：是子说明人事物是子的体一由词、词数词不式或名等当.如:

Thecarisrunningfast./ThegirlcansingmanyEnglishsongs.（名词）Wearestudents./ThisismypenYoursisonthedesk代词OneofmyclassmatesisfromShanghai。/Twoandthreeisfive词Theblindneedmorehelp词化的形容词It’smannerstospitinpublic.（不定式Eatingtoomuchisbadyourhealth。(动名词)【注意】若不式短语作主语常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语(不定式短)放在句后.练练指下句中语中心.①Theteacherofhisiswalkingintotheclassroom。②Thereisanoldmancominghere.③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.④Todotodayhomeworkwithoutteacher'sisverydifficult。2。语：说明主语的动作或状态，也是句子的主体部,一般由词充当。动词分为实义词、连系动词

(完整版高英语句子成分分情态动词和助词实义动词单独作谓语，连系动词与表语起成谓语，情态动词与省t的定式构成合成谓语，助词与动词原形共同构谓语部分。如：

由单一动词作语：Chinese。/Hehasan—Chinesedictionary.情态动词加主动词Wecanplaythepiano。/Youdoctor.助动词加主要词构成谓语Sheistalkingwithher。/Ihaveseenthisman。【注意】谓语主语在人称与数方面相互照.练练选句谓语中词。①I’tpictureonthewall。A。don'tlikeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerlongerwhensummercomes.A.get。longerC。days。summer③Dousuallygotoschoolbybus？A。DousuallyC。goD。bus④Therebeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon。A。willbeB.meeting。thelibraryafternoon⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast？AB。twinsC。haveD.breakfast⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday。A.TomB。didn’tC。do。hishomework⑦Whatwanttotellyouisthis。A。wantB。toC.youD.is⑧Webettersendforadoctor.A。WeB.hadC.senddoctor3.表用于说明主语的身份征或感受般由名词词容词词等充当用的连系词:be，look,get,sound（听起来，feel，become,smell，taste(尝起来等.如:

Theyareworkers词）Twoandthreeisfive.(数词）Thestoryisveryinteresting。(形容词）MjobisteachingEnglish.（动名）Sheisathome词语

系动词

(完整版高英语句子成分分Ifeelterrible容词Thedishtastesdelicious容词）Heishere（词It’sgettingdark。/Hegotangry./Thehillturnedgreen.形容词）Be动词（am,is，are,was，were）表保持（keep,stay)表改变（，becometurn感官动词（feel，sound,seem/look，taste）练练挑下句中表。①Theoldmanfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim？③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit。4.宾：及物动词所涉及对象，是动作的对象或受者。一般由词、代词、不定式动名词等充当。如：

Heisdoinghishomework。Isawaplaneintheskyjustnow.(名词)Theydidnothingthismorning./Imethimonmywayhome.（代词)Iwantthree./Pleasepassmethefirst.数词）Shewantstogo不式Weenjoyplayingfootball名词)【注意①有的动词可接双宾语接语指人直接宾语指物这类动词常见的有give，buy，lend,pass，tell，leave等如Heboughtmebook。Passmetheball,will？（间宾＋直）直接宾语一般在间接宾语之后，但把直接宾语放在前面，要在间接宾语加适当的介词如to或for等。如：HanChenlentsomemoneytoTom。(直宾间宾）LucyboughtadictionaryforTom。(直＋间宾）

(完整版高英语句子成分分②有的动词常不定式作宾语而能用动名词类动词有wish,hope，decide，agree，choose，care等如:Ihopetoyouagain.③有的动词一只用动名词作宾语，不用不定式。这类动词enjoy，finish，mind，miss，suggest，keep（on)等。：Doyoumindmythewindow?④有的动词后不定式与动名词含义同。a）forgettodo表“未发生的动作”，forgetdoing表示“已成的动"。如：Don'tforgettohereearliertomorrow.（还没来）Iforgotreturningbooktohim。(书已还给他了)b)stoptodo（不式为状语）表示“停原来的事，去做另一件"，stopdoing表“停止做事”。如：Istoppedtotalkwithhim停下来与他谈话。)Thestudentsstoppedtalkingwhenthecamein.（老师进来时学生们停止谈注：语中有语的语词叫物词,带宾的不及动。及动后必跟宾语义完，及物词身意已整，面跟宾。Youmayusemypen。/Doyoulikefish?(及物Dickswimsverywell.Thesunrisesinthe。（不及物）不及物动词可介词再加宾语Wearelisteningtothemusic。Theyaretalkingeachother。既以及物词可以不物动的：Wearegrowingtomatoes。/Tomatoesgrowwellinourgarden。TheyleftShanghaiyesterday。/Theyleftyesterday.Mymotherinthisschool.SheteachesEnglishWearestudying。/WestudyEnglish。Webeganourlessonatnine./Thelecturebeganatnine.练练挑出列中的语①Mybrotherhasndonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish。③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.

(完整版高英语句子成分分④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass？⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou？5。接宾与接宾。

有些及物动词带有两个宾语，其中个指物（直接宾，另一个指（间接宾语称为双宾语。动词+间接语（人）+直接宾语(）Helentmebook./Heboughtmeapen.IhavetaughtmyselfEnglishfortenyears。

动词+直接语（物+，for）+间接宾语（人）Hegavehissonsomeadvice。=Hegavesomeadvicetohisson.Fatherboughtmeacomputer.=Fatherboughtacomputerforme.练练划出中直接语间接语①Pleasetellusastory.②Myfatherboughtnewbikemelastweek.③MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom。⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme?6.定:用修名词代，一由容词名、词、定等充。

WhatabeautifulkiteitisTheyhaveacleverson.(形容词）Sheisachemistryteacher./Itisacolorfilm.（名词）Therearetwostudentsintheclassroom.（数)Thissongisbetterthanthatone.（代词）Doyouknowyoungmanoverthere?（副）Wehavesomethingtodotomorrow。(不定)Themaninblueismybrother。(介词短语）单词定语，常放它修饰名之前说明1：当定语饰不定代词：nothing，anythingsomething等时,定在不定代词后面。如：Itellhimsomethinginteresting。（容作不定代词something的后置定语）Hehassomethingtodo.（todo为定式作后置语）说明2:短或句作定语时也放在被修饰的名词之后。

(完整版高英语句子成分分如：TheboysintheroomareinClassFour(intheroom是介词语作theboys的置定语练练挑出列中的语①TheyuseMr,Mrsfamilyname。②Whatisyourgivenname?③OnthirdlapareClassandClass3.④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor。⑤Themandownstairstryingtosleep.⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundofothershoe!7。状:用修动词形词、词全句一由副、词短、定短语从充当单副词状一般在修饰之，短或句放句或末。：

Thankyouverymuch.（副词表示程度Theoldmaniswalkingslowly.（词表示方式）Heusuallygetsupatsix.（副词表示时)Weallworkhere.（词表示地点Igetupatfiveinthemorning.(介词短语表示间）Heishardsoastocatchupwith。(不式短语）Wewerehavingbreakfastwhenthetelephonerang.(从句）【注意】enough作语只能放在被修饰词之后。如：Heisoldenoughtogoto。练练挑出列中的语①Therewasabigsmileonherface。②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven。④Themanonthemotorbikewastravelingtoofast。8.宾补语：用于补充说明宾语动作,一位宾语之后,宾语与宾语补足语一起构复宾语。需接复合宾语的动有：tell，let，teach，ask，see，have等“宾补”一般由不定式短语、分词、词、形容词等充当。：

Weelectedhimmonitor。/（名词

(完整版高英语句子成分分IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell./Thesunkeeps。/findthestoryveryinterestingh.形容词Ifoundherintheroom。(介词语）Pleaselethimin./sawhimoutwithTom.（词Thedoctortoldmetodomoreexercise定短语）Heisgoingtohavehishaircut。(过去词)Theysawabirdflyinginsky.(现分词）练练挑出列中的语足语①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthe。②Heaskedhertotaketheboyofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes。综合练习一写划线分句子分1。Lilyisdesknow2.Hergardenisthebestinourtown。3。Liuisyearsold。4.likethisbookverymuch.5.ThegirlonthebluebikeisJane’ssister.6。She’tcometomypartybecauseshewasill.7。WangPingdoeshishomeworkcarefully.8.WewillgototheChildren’sPalaceonceaweek.

(完整版高英语句子成分分9.Theyareintheclassroom。10.Itsoundsgood。11。HisisPaul12。Wealwaysgotoschoolearly.Part2英语简单句的大基本句一、简单句的五种基本句型。基本句型一+Vi（主＋谓）基本句型二：SP（主＋＋表)基本句型三：SO（主＋＋宾）基本句型四：S+Vt+IO+DO（＋谓＋间宾＋直宾)基本句型五：SC（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）二、句型实例.句型一：SV（主＋谓）

主语+不物词+语此句型的句子一个共同特点，即句的谓语动词都能表达完的意思。这动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介短语、状语从句等.Thesunwasshining.Themoonrose.

(完整版高英语句子成分分Weallbreathe,，anddrink.Whocares？

管它呢？Whathesaiddoesnotmatter。Theytalkedforhalfanhour.

他所讲的没有么关系。他们谈了半个时。Thepenwritessmoothly。这支笔书写流利。句型二：SP（主谓表）

主语+连系动表此句型的句子一个共同的特点：句谓语动词都不能表达一完整的意思，须加上一个表明主语份或状态的表语构复合谓语，才能表达整的意思。这类动词叫连系动词。系动词分两类，look,keep,seem等一类表示情况get,grow，become,turn等另一类，表示变化。ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary。这本英汉辞典.Thedinnersmellsgood.午餐的气味很好。Hefellinlove。他入了情网。Everythinglooksdifferent.一看来都不同了。Heistallandstrong.他得又高又壮。Thetroubleistheyareshortofmoney.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。Ourwellhasgonedry。我们的井干枯。Hisfaceturnedred.他的脸红了句型三:SVtO(主＋＋

主语物词语此句型句子的同特点是：谓语动词具有实,是主语产生的动作，不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受，才能使意思完整。这类词做及物动词。Whoknowstheanswer？

谁知道答案Hehasrefusedtothem.他拒绝帮他们的.Heenjoysreading.他喜欢看书。Theyateleftover。他们吃剩。Hesaid”Goodmorning。"他说"早好Iwanthaveacupof。我喝茶.Headmitshewasmistaken。他承认了错误。句型四：SIO＋谓＋间宾＋直）主+及物动+宾+宾语

(完整版高英语句子成分分此句型的句子一个共同特:谓动词必须跟有两个宾语能表达完整的思。这两个宾语一个动作的直接承受者，一个是动作的间接承者。通这间接承受者用一个介词连接，当动作间接承受者在动作的直接受者之前时，这一介往往被省略。间接宾语前需加to的常用动词有:allow，bringdeny，give,hand,leave，lend，offer，owe,pass,pay，permit,promise,refuse,restore，sell，send,show，teach,，wish，write等间接宾语前需加for的常用动词有bring,buy,cash,choose,get，leave,make，order，paint，play演奏），save，sing等。Sheorderedherselfnewdress.她给自定了一套新衣裳.Shecookedheradeliciousmeal。她给夫煮了一餐美馔。Hebroughtyouadictionary.他给你带来了一本字。Hedenieshernothing。他她什么都不拒绝。Ishowedhimpictures.我给看的照片。Igavecarawash.我了我的汽车Itoldhimthatthebuswas。我诉汽车晚点了。Heshowedmehowtorunthe他教我开机器句型五：SVOC（＋＋宾＋宾补主语物动词+语语补足此句型的句子共同特点是动虽然是及动词但是只跟一个宾还不能表达完整的意,必加上一个补充成分来足宾语才能使意思完整常用于这句型动词有appoint,call，choose，elect,findmake,name,nominate(命名。Theyappointedhimmanager。他们任他当经理。Theypaintedthedoorgreen.他们把门漆成绿色。Thissetthemthinking。这得他们要细想一想。Theyfoundthehousedeserted。他发那房子无人居住。Whatmakeshimthinkso?他么会这样想？Wesawhimout.我送他出去。Heaskedmecomebacksoon.他我早点回来。I