人教版选择性必修第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection Assessing your progress课时练习（原卷版附解析）

Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionAssessingyourProgress课时练习(原卷版)一、语法填空。Switzerlandisworld-famousforitsqualitychocolate,withitshigh-endchocolatebrandsachievinginternational1.(recognize).However,peopleintheSwisstownofOlten,nearZurich,gotthesurpriseoftheirlivesearlierthisweek,2.chocolatesnowcoveredthewholetown.Somelocalswonderedifthebrown"snow"was3.unusualconsequenceofclimatechange.However,allbecameclearafterthelocalchocolatemakerLindtexplainedthebrownshowerresulted4.afaultinitscoolingsystematitsfactory.Thisfaultwassurelyspecial,5.(allow)blowingwindstomoveupchocolatedustandspreaditoverthetown.Manypartsofthetown6.(cover)inalayeroflightbrown,milkchocolate-flavoureddust.ArepresentativefromLindtofferedtopayforanycleaningservices7.(require)asaresultoftheevent.Todate,noonehasaskedforhelp.Thespokeswomansetpeople'smindatrestwiththeclaimthatthecocoabeanpowderis8.(harm)tohumanhealthandtheenvironment.Sheaddedthatfactoryengineersareworking9.(constant)onrepairingthetechnicalproblem.Thechocolatedustincidentledtoalotofjokesonsocialmedia.Oneuserpostedacomment,saying,“Chocolatesnowflakes(雪花)fallfromthesky,andit10.(look)likeadreamcometrue.”二、阅读理解。AAlexElmanrunsabigbusiness-somethinghardtoimagineaftershelosthersightinhertwenties.ButElmansaysthatlosinghersighthelpedherfocusonfindingsuccess.Elman,sfatherplantedahillsidevineyardinwesternMassachusettsin1981.It'swhereElmanfledduringthedarkestperiodofherlife.WhenshewasAtfirst,Elmanresistedtheideaofaseeing-eyedog.Nowit，shardtoimagineherlife,orherbusiness,withouthim.Shesaid,uWhensomeonetellsmesomethingisorganicandIdon'treallybelieveitbecauseItastesomethingfunnyonit,I'11putitinfrontofhisfaceandifhelikesthewine,he'11actuallygoinandsniffit.Ifit，snotright,he'11turnhisheadaway...Hegetsinthedirtwithme.Hescratchesaround.Hemakessurethatweseeearthwormsandbutterflies.That,showweknowthatthesoilisactuallyorganicandtherearenochemicals.,,ElmantoldCBSNewsshebelievesthelossofhervisionwasagift.Shesaid,“ItallowedmetopayattentiontowhatIthoughtwasimportantandalsotobeabletoteachpeoplethatthebrokenhangnailisnotabigdeal,youknowwhatImean?Don'tsweatthesmallstuff.Don'tsweatthebigstuffeither.n1.WhatcanweknowaboutElmanfromParagraph2?A.Shesufferedfromjuvenilediabetesfrom27yearsold.B.Shelikedplayinghide-and-seekduringherchildhood.Shelosthersightwhilehelpingwithfarmworkin1981.Shegotthroughherharddaysinthevineyard.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句”...It'swhereElmanfledduringthedarkestperiodofherlife."和"...Ihidintheplace,tome,thatwasthesafestplaceintheworld.”可知，埃尔曼在葡萄园度过了艰难的日子。故选D项。WhatwouldElmandowhenshecouldn'tjudgethewineexactly?ShewouldmakeHanleygoinandsniffit.ShewouldorderHanleytodrinkit.ShewouldturntoHanleyforadvice.Shewouldhaveanothertasteherself.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段关键句”...Filputitinfrontofhisfaceandifhelikesthewine,he'llactuallygoinandsniffit.Ifit'snotright,he'llturnhisheadaway...”可知，如果埃尔曼不能准确判断葡萄酒，她会向汉利寻求建议。故选C项。Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“thebrokenhangnailninthelastparagraphreferto?Anailwhichisofnouse.AtaskthatitJshardtoaccomplish.Adisadvantageyouhaveinyourlife.Apersonwhoishardtodealwith.【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段关键句"ElmantoldCBSNewsshebelievesthelossofhervisionwasagift."和"ItallowedmetopayattentiontowhatIthoughtwasimportant”可知，在埃尔曼看来，人生中的缺陷是一份礼物，因为它让人们能够关注自己认为重要的事情，故画线词表示“劣势，缺陷”。故选C项。Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwillElmanmostprobablyagreewith?Whenlifegivesyoulemons,makelemonade.Theeyeisblindifthemindisabsent.Asingletreedoesnotmakeaforest.Thereisnoroyalroadtosuccess.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句"ElmantoldCBSNewsshebelievesthelossofhervisionwasagift.“可知，在埃尔曼看来，人生中的缺陷是一份礼物。“Whenlifegivesyoulemons,makelemonade."寓意为“遇到困境不退缩，逆流而上，苦中作乐，看到生活中阳光的一面“，符合埃尔曼的人生观，故选A项。BResearchersatOregonStateUniversityhavemadeakeyadvanceinseekingforthegreenchemistryofchangingthegreenhousegascarbondioxideintoreusableformsofcarbonbyelectrochemicalreduction.PublishedinNatureEnergyfthestudyledbyZhenxingFengoftheOSUCollegeofEngineeringandcolleaguesatSouthernUniversityofScienceandTechnologyinChinaandStanfordUniversitydescribesanewtypeofelectrocatalyst（电催化剂）.“Thereductionofcarbondioxideisbeneficialforacleanenvironmentandsustainabledevelopment,“saidFeng,assistantprofessorofchemicalengineering."IncontrasttotraditionalCO2reductionthatuseschemicalmethodsathightemperatureswithahighdemandofextraenergy,electrochemicalCO2reductionreactionscanbeperformedatroomtemperatureusingliquidsolution.AndtheelectricityrequiredforelectrochemicalCO2reductioncanbeobtainedfromrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarpower,thusenablingcompletelygreenprocesses.v“Tounderstandthereactionmechanismofourcatalyst,mygroupatOSUusedX-rayabsorptionspectroscopy（光谱学）tomonitorthecatalyst?schangeduringthereactionprocesses,confirmingtheroleofthecatalystinthereaction,Fengsaid."Thiscollaborativeworkdemonstratesahigh-performancecatalystforgreenprocessesofelectrochemicalCO?reductionreactions.ltalsoshowsthereactionmechanismofourcatalyst,whichcanguidethefuturedevelopmentofenergychangedevicesasweworktowardanegative-carboneconomy.”TheNationalScienceFoundation,theDepartmentofEnergy,theGuangdongProvincialKeyLaboratoryofCatalysis,OregonStateUniversity,theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChinaandtheGuangdong-HongKong-MacaoJointLaboratoryforPhotonic-Thermal-ElectricalEnergyMaterialsandDevicessupportedthisresearch.MaoyuWangandMarcosLuceroofOSUwereamongthecollaborators,whoalsoincludedscientistsfromYaleUniversity,NorthwesternUniversityandtheArgonneNationalLaboratory.Whatachievementhavetheresearchersmade?TheyhavefoundawaytoretainCO2.TheyhavelearnedthebenefitsofCO2.TheyhavediscoveredhowtoreuseCO2.TheyhaveinventedanewformofCO2.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，研究人员在寻找通过电化学还原法将温室气体二氧化碳转化为可重复利用的碳的绿色化学方面取得了关键性的进展。由此可知，研究人员取得的成就是发现了如何重复利用二氧化碳。故选C。WhatdoesZhenxingFengexpressaboutthereductionofCO2inParagraph3?A.Theirmethodhasmanyadvantages.Theirmethodonlyneedssolarenergy.Theirmethodisbadfortheenvironment.Thetraditionalmethodisoutofdate.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，和传统的二氧化碳减排相比，电化学二氧化碳减排可以在室温下使用液体溶液进行，并且所需要的电力可以从太阳能等可再生能源中获取，因此可以使该过程完全环保。由此可推知，ZhenxingFeng认为他们的方法有更多的优势。故选A。Whymanyresearchcentersareintroduced?Toshowtheirpopularity.Totellustheirlocations.Toinvitemorepeopletojoinintheresearch.Toprovethecorrectnessofthefinding.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。第五段提及的这些研究中心都支持这项研究。由此可推知，介绍这些研究中心是为了证明他们的发现是正确的。故选D。Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Education.B.Science.C.Life.D.Health.【答案】B【解析】文章出处题。本文介绍了俄勒冈州立大学的研究人员发现通过电化学还原法能够将温室气体二氧化碳转化为可重复使用的碳，所以该文章应属于科学范畴。故选B。七、应用文写作。假如你是李华，你所居住的城市就耍开始实行垃圾分类了。你们社区准备进行一次关于垃圾分类的公益活动，请你写一则英文通知，希望外国友人也能参与其中。内容包括：.活动的时间和地点；.参加人员需要做的工作；.报名地点和截止时间。注意：词数8()左右(格式已给出)。参考词汇：垃圾分类garbageclassification【参考范文】NoticeTherewillbeanon-profitcampaignfocusingongarbageclassificationlaunchedinthegardenofourcommunityfrom9:0()to110()thisSundaymorning.Nowsomeforeignvolunteersareterriblywanted.Onthatdaywhatvolunteersneedtodoishandouttheleaflets.WhatTsmore,volunteersareexpectedtoexplaintothose,especiallyforeigners,whohavepuzzlesonhowtoclassifydifferentwasteinourlife.Andsomeinterestinggamesmaymaketheatmospheremorelively.AnyforeignfriendwhohasinterestinthismeaningfulactivityiswelcometosignupintheofficeofourcommunitybeforeThursday.Lookingforwardtoyourtakingpart!YingzeCommunityOffice八、读后续写。阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Deepintheforest,myhusbandandIhadclimbingoverandcrawlingunderthedownedtreesthatblockedthedirtpathbeforeus.ItwasMay,yetwewalkedupasnow-coveredhill.Whenwenoticedourjeanswerewetuptoourknees,itdidnotdampenourspirits.Notoncedidwcsay,"let'sturnaround."Thiswasourvacation,andwewereonanadventure.Littledidweknowthiswasthebeginningofmanymoresurprises.Thetrailwasmarkedasaneasyone-kilometerhike,yetwewerealreadywalkingalongdistance.Ourlightheartednessstoppedwhenwecameoutintoaclearingandsawaparkinglotwithoutourrentalcarinit.Asmyeyesscannedthesurroundings,nothinglookedfamiliar.Myheartraced.Irealizedwewerelostinanotionalparkthatdidnotofficiallyopenforanotherweek.Usually,Iamthecalmoneintherelationship,butmyhusbandsurprisedmewithhiscalmness.Thisdidnotcomfortme;Infact,itheightenedmyfear.Aswewalked,Iaskedmyhusbandtocallforhelp,buttherewasnocell-phonesignalinthisisolated（偏僻的）area.Itwasawfullyquietexceptforourfootstepshittingtheroad,andmyheavybreathing.Myhusbandsuggestedweconserveenergyandwalkslower.Witheachstepontheroad,myfeetandthighshurtwhilemymindracedwiththoughtsaboutpeoplewhogotlostintheCanadianwoodsfordays.Myvisionsharpened.Inoticedeverythingaroundme:thetrees,rocksandsnow.1thoughtwecouldeatthesnowonthegroundincaseweneededwater.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iwasreadyandwillingtogetaride,butwedidnotmeetwithasinglecarontheroad.Silently,Iprayedmultipletimes.Wefocusedoneachother,madejointdecisionsandconnectedthroughgratitude.Wemanagedtostayonthemainroadandwalkedstraighton.注意：1.所续写短文词数为150左右；2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你使用的关键词语。Paragraph1：Myhusbandsuddenlyspottedasmallbuildingonahillinthedistance.Paragraph2：Justthen,afriendlywomanappeared,saying,"Hello.”【参考范文】Myhusbandsuddenlyspottedasmallbuildingonahillinthedistance.Innotimedidwefindourselvesheadingforit.Wewerefilledwithhopeandexcitementtofindsuchabuildinginthemiddleofnowhere.Weclimbedupthehillataswingingpaceasifallthepainsweregone.Asweapproached,asigncameintosight,whichread:AdministrationOffice.However,itwasnotopenforbusiness.Theemptyhallmadeusnervousallatonce.Westoodtherehopelesslywonderingwhattodonext.Justthen,afriendlywomanappeared,saying,Icouldbarelyholdbackmyenthusiasmandblurtedout,"We'relost!”Shecomfortedusandopenedaroomforustotakeabreak.Seeingwewerecoldandhungry,shetreateduswithhotchocolate.Afterstudyingthemap,wefiguredoutthatourcarwasparkedoverthreekilometersaway.Sheofferedusaridebacktoourcarandweacceptedgladly.Ifeltrelievedtoseeourrentalcaragain.Whatablessingtohavesuchanunforgettableexperience!27yearsold,shewentblindduetocomplicationsfromjuvenilediabetes（青少年糖尿病）17yearsago.Sherecalled,“Ihidinmyhome.Ihidintheplace,tome,thatwasthesafestplaceintheworld.”ElmanisnowthefounderofAlexElmanWines,agrowingcollectionoforganicwinesfromallaroundtheworld：ChiantifromItaly,TorrontesfromArgentina.Elmandoesn'tworkalone.Herassistant,aguidedognamedHanley,issomethingofawinetaster,andquiteabeggar.HanleytravelstoallofthewineriesthatElmandoes,fromSouthAmericatoEurope.Atfirst,Elmanresistedtheideaofaseeing-eyedog.Nowit'shardtoimagineherlife,orherbusiness,withouthim.Shesaid,uWhensomeonetellsmesomethingisorganicandIdon'treallybelieveitbecause1tastesomethingfunnyonit,I'11putitinfrontofhisfaceandifhelikesthewine,he'Hactuallygoinandsniffit.Ifit，snotright,he,11turnhisheadaway...Hegetsinthedirtwithme.Hescratchesaround.Hemakessurethatweseeearthwormsandbutterflies.That,showweknowthatthesoilisactuallyorganicandtherearenochemicals.,,ElmantoldCBSNewsshebelievesthelossofhervisionwasagift.Shesaid,“ItallowedmetopayattentiontowhatIthoughtwasimportantandalsotobeabletoteachpeoplethatthebrokenhangnailisnotabigdeal,youknowwhatImean?Don'tsweatthesmallstuff.Don'tsweatthebigstuffeither.nWhatcanweknowaboutElmanfromParagraph2?Shesufferedfromjuvenilediabetesfrom27yearsold.Shelikedplayinghide-and-seekduringherchildhood.Shelosthersightwhilehelpingwithfarmworkin1981.Shegotthroughherharddaysinthevineyard.WhatwouldElmandowhenshecouldn'tjudgethewineexactly?ShewouldmakeHanleygoinandsniffit.ShewouldorderHanleytodrinkit.ShewouldturntoHanleyforadvice.Shewouldhaveanothertasteherself.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsuthebrokenhangnail"inthelastparagraphreferto?Anailwhichisofnouse.Ataskthatit'shardtoaccomplish.Adisadvantageyouhaveinyourlife.Apersonwhoishardtodealwith.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwillElmanmostprobablyagreewith?Whenlifegivesyoulemons,makelemonade.Theeyeisblindifthemindisabsent.Asingletreedoesnotmakeaforest.Thereisnoroyalroadtosuccess.BResearchersatOregonStateUniversityhavemadeakeyadvanceinseekingforthegreenchemistryofchangingthegreenhousegascarbondioxideintoreusableformsofcarbonbyelectrochemicalreduction.PublishedinNatureEnergy,thestudyledbyZhenxingFengoftheOSUCollegeofEngineeringandcolleaguesatSouthernUniversityofScienceandTechnologyinChinaandStanfordUniversitydescribesanewtypeofelectrocatalyst（电催化剂）.“Thereductionofcarbondioxideisbeneficialforacleanenvironmentandsustainabledevelopment,“saidFeng,assistantprofessorofchemicalengineering."IncontrasttotraditionalCO2reductionthatuseschemicalmethodsathightemperatureswithahighdemandofextraenergy,electrochemicalCO?reductionreactionscanbeperformedatroomtemperatureusingliquidsolution.AndtheelectricityrequiredforelectrochemicalCO2reductioncanbeobtainedfromrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarpower,thusenablingcompletelygreenprocesses.v“Tounderstandthereactionmechanismofourcatalyst,mygroupatOSUusedX-rayabsorptionspectroscopy（光谱学）tomonitorthecatalyst*schangeduringthereactionprocesses,confirmingtheroleofthecatalystinthereaction,Fengsaid."Thiscollaborativeworkdemonstratesahigh-performancecatalystforgreenprocessesofelectrochemicalCO?reductionreactions.ltalsoshowsthereactionmechanismofourcatalyst,whichcanguidethefuturedevelopmentofenergychangedevicesasweworktowardanegative-carboneconomy.”TheNationalScienceFoundation,theDepartmentofEnergy,theGuangdongProvincialKeyLaboratoryofCatalysis,OregonStateUniversity,theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChinaandtheGuangdong-HongKong-MacaoJointLaboratoryforPhotonic-Thermal-ElectricalEnergyMaterialsandDevicessupportedthisresearch.MaoyuWangandMarcosLuceroofOSUwereamongthecollaborators,whoalsoincludedscientistsfromYaleUniversity,NorthwesternUniversityandtheArgonneNationalLaboratory.Whatachievementhavetheresearchersmade?TheyhavefoundawaytoretainCO2.TheyhavelearnedthebenefitsofCO2.TheyhavediscoveredhowtoreuseCO2.TheyhaveinventedanewformofCO2.WhatdoesZhenxingFengexpressaboutthereductionofCO2inParagraph3?A.Theirmethodhasmanyadvantages.Theirmethodonlyneedssolarenergy.Theirmethodisbadfortheenvironment.Thetraditionalmethodisoutofdate.Whymanyresearchcentersareintroduced?Toshowtheirpopularity.Totellustheirlocations.Toinvitemorepeopletojoinintheresearch.Toprovethecorrectnessofthefinding.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Education.B.Science.C.Life.D.Health.三、应用文写作。假如你是李华，你所居住的城市就要开始实行垃圾分类了。你们社区准备进行一次关于垃圾分类的公益活动，请你写一则英文通知，希望外国友人也能参与其中。内容包括：.活动的时间和地点；.参加人员需要做的工作；.报名地点和截止时间。注意：词数8()左右(格式已给出)。参考词汇：垃圾分类garbageclassification四、读后续写。阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Deepintheforest,myhusbandandIhadclimbingoverandcrawlingunderthedownedtreesthatblockedthedirtpathbeforeus.ItwasMay,yetwewalkedupasnow-coveredhill.Whenwenoticedourjeanswerewetuptoourknees,itdidnotdampenourspirits.Notoncedidwesay,"let'sturnaround/'Thiswasourvacation,andwewereonanadventure.Littledidweknowthiswasthebeginningofmanymoresurprises.Thetrailwasmarkedasaneasyone-kilometerhike,yetwewerealreadywalkingalongdistance.Ourlightheartednessstoppedwhenwecameoutintoaclearingandsawaparkinglotwithoutourrentalcarinit.Asmyeyesscannedthesurroundings,nothinglookedfamiliar.Myheartraced.Irealizedwewerelostinanotionalparkthatdidnotofficiallyopenforanotherweek.Usually,Iamthecalmoneintherelationship,butmyhusbandsurprisedmewithhiscalmness.Thisdidnotcomfortme;Infact,itheightenedmyfear.Aswewalked,Iaskedmyhusbandtocallforhelp,buttherewasnocell-phonesignalinthisisolated（偏僻的）area.Itwasawfullyquietexceptforourfootstepshittingtheroad,andmyheavybreathing.Myhusbandsuggestedweconserveenergyandwalkslower.Witheachstepontheroad,myfeetandthighshurtwhilemymindracedwiththoughtsaboutpeoplewhogotlostintheCanadianwoodsfordays.Myvisionsharpened.Inoticedeverythingaroundme:thetrees,rocksandsnow.Ithoughtwecouldeatthesnowonthegroundincaseweneededwater.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iwasreadyandwillingtogetaride,butwedidnotmeetwithasinglecarontheroad.Silently,Iprayedmultipletimes.Wefocusedoneachother,madejointdecisionsandconnectedthroughgratitude.Wemanagedtostayonthemainroadandwalkedstraighton.注意：1.所续写短文词数为150左右；2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你使用的关键词语。ParagraphI：Myhusbandsuddenlyspottedasmallbuildingonahillinthedistance.Paragraph2：Justthen,afriendlywomanappeared,saying,"Hello.”Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionAssessingyourProgress课时练习(解析版)五、语法填空。Switzerlandisworld-famousforitsqualitychocolate,withitshigh-endchocolatebrandsachievinginternational1.(recognize).However,peopleintheSwisstownofOlten,nearZurich,gotthesurpriseoftheirlivesearlierthisweek,2.chocolatesnowcoveredthewholetown.Somelocalswonderedifthebrown"snow"was3.unusualconsequenceofclimatechange.However,allbecameclearafterthelocalchocolatemakerLindtexplainedthebrownshowerresulted4.afaultinitscoolingsystematitsfactory.Thisfaultwassurelyspecial,5.(allow)blowingwindstomoveupchocolatedustandspreaditover(hetown.Manypartsofthetown6.(cover)inalayeroflightbrown,milkchocolate-flavoureddust.ArepresentativefromLindtofferedtopayforanycleaningservices7.(require)asaresultoftheevent.Todate,noonehasaskedforhelp.Thespokeswomansetpeople'smindatrestwiththeclaimthatthecocoabeanp