中考英语使役动词讲与练外研版

08/807/8/2019中考英语：使役动词(一)have使，让，不用于被动语态eq\o\ac(○,1).have+宾语+done(1)叫、让、请，致使别人做某事，动作的执行者不是主语也不是宾语而是别人。（强调主观的意志，即主语的意志致使某事发生或被做到）I’llhavemybikerepairedthisafternoon.今天下午我要请人修自行车。Ihavemyhaircuteverymonth.我每个月都理发。表示主观意志的have也可以用get代替，例如：WherecanIget（have）thisprinted？我在哪里能（找人）把这份东西打印出来呢？(2)遭遇不幸事件（与主观意志完全无关）Hehadhiswalletstolenatthestation.他的钱包在火车站不幸遭窃。Hehashislegbrokeninafall．他的腿摔断了。2．have+宾语+do让……做某事，动作执行者为宾语Hehadhergothere.他让她去那儿。Ihavemychildrencleanthehousebeforeyouarrive．在你们来之前，我让孩子们把屋子打扫干净了。这个结构中have有时也可以用get代替，但这时后面的动词不定式需带to，例如：—Igothimtowritealettertomyboss．我要他写一封信给我的雇主。3.have+宾语+adj.（形容词）/adv.（副词）/prep.（介词）促使某一动作发生，或使役动作产生的变化结果或状态。?????—Pleasehaveyourmoneyready.请准备好钱。4.have+宾语+doing让……持续做某事，或处于某种状态。动作执行者为句子宾语，但动词必须为持续性动词，后面常接时间段。Hehadherstandingintherainfortwohours.他让她在雨中站了两个小时。或表示动作执行者打算做的事或预期的目标。We’llsoonhaveyourcargoingagain.很快我们就会让你的车从新启动起来的。还可以表示不愿引起某种后果—Don'tshout！you'llhavetheneighbourscomplaining.别大声嚷！你会遭四邻抱怨的。注意：用于否定句时，表示“允许”—Iwon’thaveyousmokinginthesittingroom.我不允许你在起居室抽烟。(二)make使……（有轻微强迫之意）1.make+宾语+do迫使某人做某事，被动语态为bemadetodoTheboymadethegirlcry.男孩把女孩惹哭了。Thegirlwasmadetocrybytheboy.女孩被男孩惹哭了。（被动）2.make+宾语adj./adv./prep.adj./adv./prep.使……处于某种状态，使变得……Hisillnessmadehimveryweak.他的病使他很虚弱。Thisboringsoapoperamademesleepy.这无聊的肥皂剧让我想睡觉。3.make+宾语+doing使……处于某种状态，强调动作的主动性Thestorymadehimfeelingsad.这个故事使他很难受。Thebadweathermademestayingathomeyesterday.昨天,坏天气是我一天都呆在家里。4.make+宾语+done使……处于某种状态，强调动作的被动性—Pleasespeakloudertomakeyourselfheard.请讲大声一点以便让别人听到你。????—Theheavybagmadethechairbroken.这个重重的包把椅子压坏了。5.make+宾语+n.使……成为……Wemadehimtheleaderoftheteam.我们让他当我们的队长。Shemadeherdiaryherbestfriend.她把日记当做她最好的朋友。(三)leave让，使，带走??既可用于主动语态也可用于被动语态1.leave+宾语+todosth.让某人做某事，强调未来动作?????—Leavehimtodoithimself.让他自个儿去做这件事吧。2.leave+宾语+doing让某人做某事，或继续处于某种状态，强调当时正在发生的动作Whathesaidleftmethinkingdeeply.他的话使我陷入了沉思。Don’tleaveherwaitingoutsideintherain.外面下雨，别让她在外面等了。3.leave+宾语+done使……处于某种被动状态，强调动作的被动性??????—Wecan’tleavesuchanimportantmatterunfinished.我们不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。4.leave宾语+adj./adv./prep.使……处于某一特定状态????—?Wholeftthedooropen？谁让门开着？—Don’tleavethedoorunlocked.别忘了锁门。(四)get使，让1.get+宾语+todo让……做某事，强调未来性动作?????—Hegothisbrothertohelphim.他让他的兄弟帮助他。2.get+宾语+done让……被做，强调被动性动作??????—Hegotthecarstarted.他发动了小汽车。3.get+宾语+doing让……做某事，强调正在进行的动作，或表示动作执行者打算做的事或预期的目标。???????????—Shegotherbikerunningveryfast.??她把自行车骑得飞快。表示动作执行者打算做的事或预期的目标—Ifyoucangethimtalking，yourproblemissolved.如果你能让他开口，你的问题就解决了。4.get+宾语+adj./adv./prep.使……发生??????—Pleasegetyourticketsready.请准备好票。(五)let使，让1.let+宾语+do让……做，较少用于被动语态??????—Let’sgothere,shallwe?让我们去那里，好吗？2.let+宾语+adv./prep.让……，多表示方向?????—Don’tletthedogoutoftheroom.他把狗放出了房间。?????—Pleaseletmein.请让我进去。?(六)keep使，让，保持1.keep+宾语+doing使某人处于做某事的状态中，强调动作延续一段时间????????????—I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.对不起，让您久等了。2.keep+宾语+adj./adv./prep.使……处于特定状态??????—Pleasekeeptheclassroomclean.请保持教室干净。3.keep+宾语+done使……处于被动状态??????—Ican’tkeepmyeyesshuttoallthis.对于这一切我不能熟视无睹。情态动词与使役动词一、单项选择（共40小题；共40分）1. TheyplayfootballlastFridaybecauseSimonforgottobringhisfootballhere. A.could B.couldn't C.can't D.can2. MayIsmokehere,please? Iamafraidyou?.Thisisanon-smokingarea. A.can B.can't C.may D.maynot3. Mom,mustIgoshoppingwithyou? No,you?.YoucanwatchthefilmBigHero6withyourfriends. A.needn't B.can't C.shouldn't D.mustn't4. Nowadays,allpassengers?gothroughsafetycheckbeforetakeatrain. A.can B.may C.must D.will5. Thisisjustbetweenyouandme.You?tellanyoneaboutthis. A.mustn't B.can C.should D.havenotto6. Everyone?gothroughthesecuritycheck(安检)whenenteringtheWorldExpoPark. A.can B.may C.must D.ought7. Whatdoyouwanttoeatforlunch?Iwillprepareearliertoday. Honey,you?.Let'sgoouttohavesomethingdifferent. A.mustn't B.can't C.shouldn't D.don'thaveto8. MayIplaycomputergames,Mom? No,you?. A.don't B.can't C.wouldn't D.won't9. Yesterdayitrainedheavilywhenschoolwasover.We?stayinourclassroom. A.should B.must C.hadto D.could10. Dad,mustIpractisethepianotoday? No,you?.Youmaydoittomorrow. A.needn't B.mustn't C.shouldn't D.can't11. CanIgotothepark,Mum? Certainly.Butyou?bebackbysixo'clock. A.can B.may C.might D.must12. Isthatyourteacher? That?beMr.Wang.HehasgonetoJapanwithhiswife. A.can't B.mustn't C.maynot13. Tony,theiceisthin.You?skateonit. A.may B.must C.mustn't D.needn't14. We?usemobilephoneswhentheplanetakesoff. A.maynot B.shouldn't C.needn't D.mustn't15. MayIgooutforawhile,Mom? No,you?.Youhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst. A.shouldn't B.needn't C.mustn't D.won't16. MayIwatchTVforawhile? No,you?.Youhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst. A.shouldn't B.needn't C.mustn't D.won't17. FromMarch23rd,2013,anyoneundertheageof14?gointoDisney'sU.S.parksalone. A.couldn't B.mustn't C.needn't D.mightn't18. You?washyourhandsbeforemeals.Itisgoodforyourhealth. A.may B.can C.haveto D.must19. Shallwegoskateboardingafterschool? Sorry,myparentssaidthatI?beathomeearly. A.need B.must C.may20. You?returnthebooknow.Youcankeepituntilnextweekifyoulike. A.haveto B.can't C.mustn't D.needn't21. Let's?theschoolrules. A.don'tbreak B.nottobreak C.notbreaking D.notbreak22. Wewillhaveafieldtripthisafternoon.Thenewsmakeseveryone?. A.excited B.frightened C.happily D.luckily23. Youcan'tsneezeandkeepyoureyes?atthesametime. A.open B.opens C.opened D.opening24. Theassistantwon'tletyou?thecinemaifyouhaven'taticket. A.enter B.toenter C.entering25. Howdoyoufeelwhenyouwatchthenationalflaggoup? Itmakesme?veryproud. A.felt B.tofeel C.feeling D.feel26. Colorscanchangeourmoods(情绪)andmakeus?happyorsad,energeticorsleepy. A.feel B.tofeel C.felt D.feeling27. Doingsportscankeepyou?. A.health B.healthy C.goodhealth D.withhealth28. Youshouldkeepthewindow?becausetheroomistoohot. A.open B.opening C.opened29. Canyouclimbupthetalltreeoverthere,David? Yes,letme?. A.tohaveatry B.nothaveatry C.haveatry30. DoyoulikeZhouLibo'stalkshow? Yes.Histalkshowisveryfunny.Italwaysmakespeople?. A.laugh B.laughed C.laughing D.tolaugh31. Manystudentssaidthattheywerewillingtoworkhardtomaketheirdreams?true. A.come B.came C.comes32. Lotsoffastfoodrestaurantsusethecolorred?makecustomers?. A.to;eatingfaster B.wantto;eatfast C.to;eatfaster D.to;toeatfast33. IampoorinEnglish.Icanhardlymakemyself?. A.understood B.understand C.understanding34. Thephotooftenmakeshim?ofhischildhood. A.thinks B.thought C.tothink D.think35. Whenareyougoingtohaveyourhair?? Thisafternoon. A.cut B.tocut C.cutting36. IthinkWechatmakesus?closer. A.feel B.felt C.feeling D.tofeel37. Themathproblemistoodifficultforme. Don'tworry.Letme?you. A.help B.tohelp C.helping38. Don'tjumptoaconclusion!Let's?theproblemfirst. A.todiscuss B.discuss C.discussed D.discussing39. Withthehelpofcomputers,peoplewillfinditeasiertokeepthetraffic?smoothly. A.torun B.run C.running40. Mymotheralwaysmakesme?aneggeverymorning. A.toeat B.eat C.eating D.ate二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)（共10小题；共20分）41.我还需要再说一遍我的电话号码吗？?mytelephonenumberagain?42.迈克，你千万不要玩火。Mike,you??playwithfire.43.You????(最好吃更多的)fruitsandvegetables.44.我可以问你一个问题吗？?I?youaquestion?45.最后一班车已经开走了，所以我只好步行回家。Thelastbushadgone,soI?backhome.46.你上课不要接电话。You?answerthetelephoneinclass.47.她必须为她的自行车找个适当的地方.She???arightplace?herbike.48.你不许在这里吸烟。You?here.49.我必须去新学校上学，但是我不想去。(词数不限)I?gotoanewschoolbutIdon'twantto.50.你最好别吃太多糖。You?toomuchcandy.三、翻译(全句翻译(汉译英))（共10小题；共20分）51.晴天使我心情愉快。52.她的新眼镜使她看起来不一样。53.妈妈让我每天自己整理房间。54.植物和森林有助于保持(make)空气新鲜和干净。________________________________________________?55.长长的直发使得照片里的女孩看上去很漂亮。56.轻音乐使我放松。57.什么使你对音乐那么感兴