2023年全国自学考试试题语言与文化试卷

全国2023年１月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：０0838I.Ｅaｃhofthefollowｉｎｇincoｍｐletestatｅmenｔsｉsfolloｗｅdｂｙfourａlterｎatiｖeｓ．Reaｄeachstａtｅｍentaｎdthｅfouralternａｔiveｓｃarefulｌｙanｄdｅｃidewhichoｆthｅfoｕraltｅｒnativｅsbestcｏｍplｅｔesthｅstａtement.(２０％)１．Ｌanｇuageis_＿___＿___.(）A.tｈeｐｒoｄuctｏfｔhehuｍanbraiｎ B.ruleｇovernedＣ．iｎdepenｄenｔoｆcｕｌｔuｒe D.ｔherｅsｕlｔｏfsocialｉnsｔｉｔutions2.Cultureｉｓasｏcialpheｎomeｎｏnbecａuｓｅｉtisa___＿＿＿___ｐrｏdｕcｔofｈumanｓｏｃｉeｔieｓ．（)A.tecｈｎｉcaｌ B．cooperａtiveC.nｅw D．language3.A＿_______＿isａsｍalloｐenspaｃesｙmbｏｌicaｌlyenclｏsedwｉｔｈｖerｙｌoｗｗallｓandadjｏiniｎgabｕｉldiｎg．（)A.seｍihouse B.baｌｃonyC.ｐloｔ Ｄ.yard4.Eｎglishｉsofteｎrｅfeｒｒedtoａｓa_＿＿＿_＿___languａgeｂecaｕseitｕsesfreqｕｅntlｙconnｅcｔｉｖeｓtoinｄiｃatetherelａtionｂｅtwｅeｎlinguistiｃｅlements.()A.ｐaratａctic Ｂ.hypotacｔiｃC．brａnｃｈing Ｄ．linｅar５.Deciｄeｗhichｏftｈｅfｏllｏwinｇｗoｒｄsistｈeｗoｒdwｉtｈaninflｅctioｎａlmorｐｈｅｍｅ.（)A．coｍplｅｔe B．behａviｏｒC.pｌayeｄ Ｄ.mｅmberｓhiｐ６.Whｅnｒeceivinｇａｇｉft，theEｎglｉshspeakerｓnoｒｍalｌysay_＿＿＿___＿＿.（）A.“Tｈanｋyouｖeryｍuch.Howｍｕcｈisｉt?”B．“Wheｒeｄidyoｕｇetiｔ?ThｉsiｓreallywｈaｔIwant.”C.“Ｉtmusｔhavecoｓｔyoｕalot.Ｔｈaｎkyｏuverｙmucｈ.”Ｄ.“It’sveｒynice．”7．WｈichｅxpresｓioｎisNOＴappropｒｉaｔefｏryoｕtousｅaftｅryoｕreceiｖｅａnaｐoloｇy?（）A.It’sO．K．ﻩB.It’ｓallrｉgｈt.Ｃ.Noｔaｔａlｌ. D.Nevermind.８.A:ＩsＪｅnnｙco．ruingｔoｔｈeparｔy?B:Yeｓ，sheｉｓ.Theseｎtenceｓiｎｔheabovedialoｇueareconnｅctedｂyｂｏthgraｍｍaticalaｎdlexｉｃalmeaｎs,sowesaｙthａttheyeｘｈibit___＿__＿__.()A．coｈesｉｏn B.cohｅrｅｎceC．ｃoexistencｅ Ｄ.ｃｏopeｒation９.MosｔｏfｔｈｅcultｕrａlinterpｒetａtionsｏfthedifferenceｂｅｔweenEnglｉshａndCｈｉnｅseａｔｔheｔextuallevelarｅ___＿_＿＿__．()Ａ.coｎclusioｎｓratherｔhanｔｅntａtivｅassｕｍptionsＢ,.tｅnｔativｅａssumpｔionｓratｈertｈａｎcｏｎclusionsＣ.eiｔｈerteｎｔatｉvｅａsｓumptionsorｃｏｎclusionsＤ.neitｈｅrtentativeａsｓumｐtｉｏnsnｏrcoｎclｕsiｏns10.ＩnＡmｅｒｉcａｎEnglｉsh,tｈeequivalentwｏrｄｆｏｒ“公寓”is___＿__＿__.（）A.deｐartment B.flatC.apaｒtｍentﻩD．baｓemeｎｔ1１．7dayｓwithout7-upｍakeoneweak.Ｉnthｉsadvertisemｅnt,onecａnｆinｄthetactfuｌuseoｆ＿_＿_＿____．(）Ａ.homoｐｈｏnesﻩＢ.figureofｓpeechC．ｒeｐetｉtｉonﻩD.sevｅraｌadjeｃｔｉves12.Noddｉnｇｍeaｎｓ“aｇrｅemenｔ”ｔoChｉneseanｄｍoｓtＥuropeanｓ.ButiｎｔheＥsｋｉmｏｇesｔurａlｓysｔｅm,heａdnｏddingｍeanｓ“＿__＿_____”.（)A.yｅs B.aｎgｅrC.ｐleasurｅ D.no13.__＿___＿_＿iｓacｏnstｒｕctｉon,expｒession，etc.,haｖｉnｇameaniｎgdiｆferentfromtheｌiterａloneｏｒnｏtａｃcｏrdingｔotheusualpａtterｎsofthｅlanｇｕａgｅ.（）A.“Ｔｏpullｏｎe’sleg”ﻩB．“Tokeepastｒaiｇhｔｆacｅ”C.“Tomakｅacaｔlaugh”ﻩD.“Tｏriｄeone’shighhorse”14.Theproverb“Homersｏｍetimesnｏds”iｓｒelateｄto_______＿_．（）A.Christianiｔy Ｂ．Gｒeco－RomanｃｉｖilizatioｎC.individualｉsｍ D.ｉnsularｃｕltｕrｅ15．InEngliｓｈcｕlturｅ_＿＿______connotewisｄｏｍ.A.miceﻩB.chickensC．owｌsﻩD.mules1６．＿________isｔhｅsｙｍbｏlofｆｅar,cowａrdiceｏrｔiｍiｄｉtｙ.（）A．Aｗｈｉtesｌaｖe B.AｗhiteeｌeｐｈaｎtＣ.Aｗhiｔｅhope D．Awhｉtefeａthｅｒ17.＿___＿＿_＿_shｏwsａbｉasedattiｔudetoｗardｓcertainethnicgroups．A.Racistlangｕage B.RｅｌigiｏｕｓｌanｇuageＣ.Sexistｌａnｇuａｇe D.Ｍetaphoricａｌｌaｎgｕaｇe１8.Ｔheｔｈｅmatｉｃｍodeleｍphaｓｉzｅstｈｒeeｃulｔureｅlements:_＿_______．（)Ａ.traits,vａlｕesａndwoｒｌdviｅwsB.personａlbeｈａviｏurｓ,thｉnkinｇpattｅrｎｓandvaluｅsC.norｍｓ，cｕstomｓaｎdcircumstancesD．tｉme,spａceaｎｄdiｍenｓioｎ19.___＿_____arepｌeasａnt,politｅorharｍｌesssouｎdingｗordsoｒｅxpreｓsioｎsuｓedtｏmaｓkharsh,ｒｕdeｏrｉnfamouｓtｒｕths.A．Hｏｎourifics B.TerｍsoｆhumiｌiｔyC.ＥｕpｈemismsﻩＤ.Ｔaｂoos２０.Foｒexａｍple，aｂoｙtoldhismothｅrinawhｉsperｉngvoicｅthatiｔwaｓnｏthewhｏbrokeｔｈevasebｕtdｉdnoｔdaretolookathｉｓmotheｒinheｒeyes.Hoｗcoｕldoneinterprｅthisveｒbalandnonveｒbalmessagｅs?(）Ａ.Cｏmpｌementing. Ｂ.Conｔradictiｎg.C.Rｅpｅａting Ｄ.Ｒegｕlatｉng.Ⅱ.Eacｈofthefollowingincoｍｐｌetestatｅｍｅｎtｓiｓfollｏｗedbyfｏuraltｅｒnatiｖｅs.Ｒeadeaｃhstａｔemeｎｔａｎdｔｈeｆoｕralｔeｒnatiｖescarefuｌlyanｄdecideｗhaｔalternaｔivescanｃompｌetetｈestａtｅmeｎt.Thｅremiｇhtbemoreｔhaｎｏｎecorrｅctansｗer.(1０%)21.Ｓomeofｔhｅiｍｐorｔａntpｒopertiesinaｌanguａgeａre___＿＿＿__＿．（)A．asｅtoｆsymboｌsﻩB.hｕmanspｅｃificC.ｖocaｌﻩD．unsｙsｔematic２２.“Handsomｅ”meａnsｎｉcelookingandcanbｅusｅdtｏgetherwithtｈefoｌlowｉnｇwoｒds___＿＿_＿_＿．（）A．villaｇe B.veｓsｅlC．typewriteｒ D.overcoａt2３．Inｄuｃtivｅarguｍｅntａｔｉonｈasbeeｎrｅlａｔedtｏ__＿＿_____.（）A.tｈｅlinｅaｒthiｎkｉnｇpaｔteｒn Ｂ.ｔheｂranchiｎgthinｋingpattｅｒnC.ｉｎdｕctivｅｒeasｏｎiｎg D.indｉrectpersonaｌiｔy24．Wheｎｐｅopｌeareiｎtroｄｕced,______＿＿＿．（）A．ｔheyaｌwaｙｓsｈaｋｅhａndsB.theynｏｒmallyｓｈakehaｎdsiｎformalorbuｓｉneｓssituａtioｎsC.tｈeyｄoｎoｔａlwａｙsshaｋｅhandsＤ．ｍenｓｈａkehaｎｄsmoｒｅoftenｔｈａｎwomen２5.Theloｇicalrｅlationshｉpsbetｗｅenａｄjoiningsｅntencescａnbeｃlasｓｉｆiedｉnto___＿___＿_.（）Ａ.aｄditiveﻩB．adｖersａtiveC.causalﻩD.teｍpｏｒal26.Theworｄ“hero”ｃanbepｒonounceｄaｓ__＿__＿___.(）A．['herｖ] B.['hi:rv]C.[＇hirv] Ｄ.['ｈirv]2７.Silenｃeｍaysenｄthenonverbalmｅssａgesof＿_＿＿＿___＿.()Ａ．displeａsure B.ｐｌeａsuｒeＣ.inｄiffeｒｅｎce D.irritａｔiｏn28.＿＿_______meaｎsｔｏbecｌumsy.（)Ａ．“Tｏpuｔone’sfootiｎoｎｅ’ｓmｏuｔｈ”Ｂ.“Tobeaｌlｔhuｍbs”C.“Tohaveａchiponoｎe’sshｏｕlder”Ｄ.“Tｏhａvetwolｅftfeｅt”２9．___＿___＿_havethemｅtaｐｈoriｃａlmｅaningoftiｍidity.(）A.Beａvers B.LamｂsC.ＭiｃeﻩD．Chicｋeｎs30.＿________ｉsaeuphｅｍisticsynｏnymｏf“ｐｏor”.A．Ｄeｐrivｅd Ｂ.NeｅｄyC.UｎdｅrpriviｌegｅdﻩＤ.DｉsadｖａnｔagｅdIII.Fillinｅachｕｎderlｉｎedspacewiｔhapｒoｐerexpresｓiｏn.(２０%)31.Ｌａngｕａgeｉｓvocａl,ｗhichmｅａnsｔhatspeechisthe_____＿___＿＿________oflaｎguage.3２.Eacｈｌaｎｇuaｇeｒepresentsａunｉqｕeｓyｓtemofmeaniｎgin＿＿___＿_＿_＿＿___＿＿___ways.3３．“2023年8月１2日３4．JohｎBｕlｌis__＿__＿＿______＿_＿＿_＿persoｎifiｅｄ.35．IthaｓbｅｅncｌａimedthatEnｇliｓｈteｘtsｄeｖｅｌｏpina＿＿_____＿_________＿＿faｓhion,whiｌeCｈineseoｎeｓdeveloｐinaspiralway．3６．Anaｔionallａnguagemaｙhavesｅveｒaｌｒegioｎal__＿＿_＿___＿________＿．37.ＴhoughChｉｎesｅｓｐeakeｒｓtendtosａy“犟牛”ｔomｅanｓtｕbborｎ,Englisｈspeakeｒsｗoulｄsay“asstuｂbｏｒnaｓa___＿＿__＿_＿__＿______”ｉnｓimｉlａrｓiｔuaｔｉｏnｓ.３８.ＴheEnglｉshexpressｉｏneｑuiｖalentｔo“敝校”ｉｓ＿__＿＿______＿_＿__＿＿_．3９.Iｆapｅrsonstｒeｔcｈesoｕthiｓforefiｎgｅranｄｔhemiddｌｅfｉnｇerapart，hemｅans_______＿__＿＿__.40TｈeEｎgliｓhidioｍeｑuｉvalｅntto“鹤立鸡群”or“羊群里的骆驼”is“_＿____＿__＿＿_＿______”.IV.Anｓｗertｈeｆoｌloｗingquｅｓｔｉｏnsbriefly.(12%）41WｈａtistheEngｌisｈeqｕivaleｎtｆoｒ“挂钟”？42.WhatａｒetｈefourtypesofcommoｎEnglishnamｅs?4３.Whaｔdoeｓawhiｔeslavereｆerto?４４．WhatiｓｔhｅtypｉcaltexｔstrｕｃｔureoflettersoｆrequesｔinＥnglish?AｎdｈowdoesitdiffeｒfｒoｍｔhaｔｏfＣhinesｅletｔers?V.Ｔraｎｓlaｔion.(1８%)45．不动声色4６．久仰大名47．Myhａnｄ