2023年大学英语四级真题试卷含答案

202３年6月四级试题PaｒtIＩ

ﻩﻩ ﻩﻩReａｄinｇComprehension

ﻩ (３5minuteｓ)PassagｅＯneＱuestiｏｎs21to25areｂasedonthefolｌoｗｉngpassａｇe：

Onaｖerage,Americankidsageｓ3to12spenｔ２9hoursaweekｉｎschooｌ,eｉghthourｓmorethantheydidin1981.Theｙａlsodidｍorehouｓeholdworｋａndparticipatediｎmoｒeofｓｕchorｇａｎizｅdａcｔiｖｉtiesａｓsoccｅrandbaｌlet（芭蕾舞）.Inｖolveｍentinsporｔｓ,inpａrticular，rosealｍoｓt50%from1981to１９９7:ｂoysnowspeｎｄａnａverageoffouｒhoｕｒｓaｗeekｐｌaｙingsｐorts;girｌsloghalｆthaｔtime.Ａｌlｉnall,howｅver,childreｎ’sleisuretｉmedrｏppedfrｏm40％ｏｆtｈedａyin19８1ｔo25%.

“Chｉlｄreｎareaffectedbythesａmetiｍecrunch(危机)thａtａｆfectstheｉrparents,”ｓａysSａｎdraHｏffｅrth,whoheａdedthｅｒeｃentstudyofｃhｉldrｅｎ’sｔimetabｌｅ.Acｈiefreａｓon，shesayｓ,ｉsｔhatmorｅmothｅrｓarｅworkiｎgoutｓidethehome.(Nevertheless，ｃhiｌｄreｎiｎboｔhdｏuｂle-incｏmeand“malｅbreａｄwinnｅr”houｓehｏlｄｓspeｎtcｏmparableｍountsofｔimeｉｎteractｉngｗitｈtheirparentｓ,1９hoｕrsanｄ22hｏursreｓpectｉveｌy．Ｉnｃｏntｒast,chｉｌｄｒenspｅntonly9hourswiｔhtheirｓiｎglemothｅrｓ．)

Ａｌlworkaｎdnｏpｌayｃoｕldmakｅｆorsomｅveｒymｅsｓｅd-uｐｋiｄs.“Pｌａｙiｓｔｈeｍostpowerfulｗayａchiｌdｅｘｐｌoｒestheｗorｌdandlearnｓabouｔhｉmself，”sayｓＴ.BerryBｒａzeｌtｏn,prｏfessoratHarｖａｒdＭedicaｌ

Thechiｌdrenｓampｌｅdsｐｅｎｔaquａrteｒoｆthｅirrapidlｙdeｃreasｉｎｇ“fｒeetｉmｅ”wａtcｈｉngｔelevｉsiｏn.Butｔｈat,beｌieｖｅitornｏt,wａsｏneoｆtｈｅfｉndingsparｅnｔsmightregardaｓｇoodｎews．Ifｔhｅｙ’reｓpenｄinｇlesstimｅiｎfrontｏftheＴＶｓet,howevｅr,kiｄsaren’trｅｐｌａcinｇｉtwitｈreadｉnｇ.Despiteefｆortstogetkidsmoreｉnterｅstediｎbｏｏks,ｔhｅｃｈildｒｅnspｅnｔjｕstoveranhoｕｒaweekrｅａdｉng．Let’ｓfaceit,who’sgotthetimｅ？２１.

Ｂｙmentioning“thesａmeｔimecｒuｎch”(Ｌiｎe1，Ｐａrａ.2)ＳａndrａHｏfｆeｒthｍｅaｎs＿____＿_＿.

A)ｃhｉldrｅｎｈavｅｌittleｔimetｏplａywithｔhｅirpａｒents

B）chilｄｒenarenottakeｎgｏodcareofbythｅｉｒworｋiｎgparenｔs

C)bothｐａｒeｎｔsａndcｈiｌdrenｓuｆferｆromlackofｌeiｓuretimｅ

D）bothpaｒeｎtsandchildrｅnhavetrｏuｂlｅｍanagingtheirtime2２.

Acｃordｉngｔｏｔheauthor，ｔherｅaｓongivenｂｙSandraHoffertｈｆorthetimecｒunchis＿_____.

Ａ）quiteconvincing

B)parｔｉallytrue

C)totaｌlygｒoｕndlｅss

D)raｔhｅrcoｎｆusinｇ２3.

Acｃoｒdｉｎgtｏtheauｔhorachiｌｄdeｖeｌopsｂetteｒｉf______.

A）hehasｐlenｔyoftｉmerｅａｄiｎgaｎdstｕdｙinｇ

B)heiｓleｆttｏplayｗiｔhhisｐeerｓinhｉsｏwnwaｙ

C)hehａsmｏreｔｉｍepａrtｉｃipatiｎgｉｎschoolaｃｔｉvitieｓ

Ｄ)ｈｅisfreetoｉnteractwｉtｈhisworｋingparenｔs２4.

TheauｔhｏrisconｃernｅdaboｕtthｅfacｔthaｔAmericankids＿____＿．

A)areengａgeｄinmoｒeａｎdmorestructｕredａctiｖitieｓ

B)ａｒeｉnｃreasinglyneglｅctedbyｔｈeirworｋingmｏtｈｅrs

Ｃ)ａｒespeｎdiｎｇmoreaｎdmorｅtｉｍeｗatchiｎgＴV

D）areiｎvｏlvedlessandlesｓiｎhousehoｌdwｏrkﻫ2５.

Wecａniｎferｆrｏmthｅpassagｅthａt____＿_.

A)ｅxtrａcurriｃulaｒactｉvitｉmoｔechildren’sintellｉgenｃe

Ｂ）mostcｈiｌdreｎｗｉｌｌtｕrnｔｏreadingｗiｔhＴVsetsswｉtchedoｆf

C）effortsｔogeｔkｉｄsｉnterestedｉnreａdｉnghaｖebeenｆruitful

D）mｏstpareｎtｓbelievｅreadｉngtobｅbenｅficｉalｔoｃhildrenPassageＴｗｏQｕestions2６ｔo30arebasedonｔheｆolｌowiｎｇpasｓage:

ＨenryForｄ，theｆaｍｏusU．Ｓ．inveｎtｏｒandcarmaｎufａｃtｕrｅr,oncesaid,‘ＴｈebusineｓsofAmericａisbusiness.”ByｔｈisｈｅmｅanttｈattheＵ.S.ｗayｏflifeisｂasedonｔheｖaｌueｓofｔｈebusinesswｏｒｌd．

FｅｗwouｌdarguewiｔhFｏrｄ’sｓｔatement．AbrieｆglimpｓeａｔadａilynewspapeｒvivｉｄlｙsｈowshowmucｈpeｏpleｉntｈeＵniｔｅdＳtａteｓtｈinkａboutbusｉnｅss.Ｆoｒexample,nearlｙeverynewspaperhaｓabusinesssectioｎ,inwｈｉchthｅdｅalsaｎdpｒｏｊects,finａncesａnｄmａnａgemｅｎｔ，stoｃkpricｅsａndlaborｐrobｌemsｏfｃorpｏratｉｏｎsａrereportｅｄdailｙ．Inadｄitｉon,buｓinｅｓｓｎewscanａpｐｅarinevｅryoｔｈerseｃｔion.Mｏｓtnatioｎａlnewshaｓａnimpoｒtaｎtfｉnanciaｌaspectｔｏit.Weｌfａｒｅ,foｒeｉgnaid,ｔｈefｅderalbｕdget,ａnｄthepolicｉesofthｅＦｅdeｒａlReseｒvｅBａnkaｒeａｌlhｅavilｙaffectedbybｕsinｅss．Ｍoreoｖer,businｅssnｅｗｓappeaｒsｉｎsoｍeoｆtheunlikeｌiestplaces.Ｔｈｅｗoｒｌｄofartsandeｎｔerｔainmｅntｉsofｔenreｆｅｒrｅdtｏａs“ｔheenｔerｔａｉnmｅntiｎdustｒy”or“sｈｏwbｕｓiness.”

ThｅpositｉｖesiｄeofＨenrｙFord’sstａtｅmenｔcａnｂesｅｅnｉnｔheprospｅrｉtyｔhaｔbｕsinesshasｂrougｈttｏＵ.Ｓ.life.OneofthemoｓtimpｏrtanｔrｅaｓｏnssomanｙｐeoｐleｆromalloverｔhｅworldcｏｍetｏlｉveintheＵnｉtedStａｔesiｓtｈedreaｍｏfａｂeｔterjob.Jobｓareｐroducedinaｂｕndaｎce（大量地)becausｅtheU.S．economiｃsystemisdrivenbycompetｉtion．Ｐeoplebeｌieveｔhatthiｓｓysteｍcreaｔeｓmorｅwｅaltｈ,ｍoreｊobｓ，ａnｄamateriallｙbeｔｔeｒwayｏｆliｆe．

ThenegatｉvesｉdeofＨenｒyFｏrd’ｓstａteｍent，ｈｏweveｒ,canbeseenwhentheｗｏｒｄbusinｅssiｓtakentomeanbigbusinesｓ.Ａndｔheterｍbｉgｂusｉness—reｆｅrrinｇｔothebiｇｇestcｏmpaniｅs,isｓｅeｎinｏppoｓiｔiｏｎtoｌａｂor．ThｒouｇｈoutU.Ｓ．historyworkｉngpeoplehａvehadtofigｈｔhaｒdｆorhigｈerｗaｇes，bｅttｅrworｋｉｎｇcoｎdｉtｉｏｎs，andtｈerｉghttｏformｕniｏns．Today，ｍanyoftｈｅoldｌａbordisｐutesａｒｅoveｒ,bｕｔthereisstillsomeemployeeanxieｔy．Dｏｗnsizing—ｔhelayiｎgoffofｔhousａndsoｆwｏrkeｒstoｋeeｐexpensｅｓｌowaｎdprofiｔｓhｉgh--cｒeaｔｅｓfｅelingsofｉnseｃuｒｉｔyfｏｒmany.２６.

TheunitedStates

A)whiｃｈenｃouraｇesｆreｅtradeａｔhｏmesaｎdabroad

B)wherepeopｌe’sｃhiefconcernishowtomakeｍｏnｅｙ

C)whereａllbｕｓｉneｓｓesａｒｅmanaｇedscｉｅnｔｉfically

ﻩD)whichｎorｍaｌｌyworksaｃcｏｒdiｎｇtoｔhefederalｂudｇet27.

ＴheinｆｌuenｃｅofbｕsineｓsinｔhｅU．S．isevｉdｅncｅdｂythefａctthaｔ＿__＿__.

ﻩＡ)moｓtnｅｗspaperｓａrerunbybigbuｓinｅsses

ﻩＢ）eveｎpｕblｉcorganizatｉｏnscｏncentｒateonｗorkinｇforｐrｏfits

C)Americaｎsofallｐrofessioｎｓknowhowtodoｂuｓinｅsｓ

D)eｖenaｒｔsａndenterｔainｍenｔareregaｒｄedaｓbusｉness2８.

Accｏrdingtothepassａｇe,ｉmmigrａntscｈoosetoseｔtleiｎtｈeU.S.,drｅａmingthat______.

A)ｔhｅyｃanstartprｏｆiｔａblｅbusｉnｅssesthereﻩB)thｅycａｎbemorｅｃｏmpｅtiｔiveinbusiｎesｓ

ﻩC)ｔheywｉllmaｋeafoｒtｕneovernighｔthere

ﻩD）ｔｈeywiｌlｆindbｅｔterｃhancesｏfemployment２９.

HenryFｏrｄ’ssｔateｍｅntscanbetａkｅnnegａtｉｖeｌybecauｓｅ＿＿____.

A)ｗorｋinｇｐｅｏpｌearedｉｓcouragedtｏfighｔｆortheｉrｒiｇhts

B)theｒearemａnyiｎdustriesｃonｔrｏｌledbyafewbigｃapiｔalｉｓts

ﻩC)tｈeｒｅisaconfｌiｃtingrｅｌaｔiｏnｓhｉpｂetweenbigcorpoｒatｉｏnsaｎｄlabor

Ｄ）pｕbｌicseｒvicesarenoｔｒｕｎbyｔｈefedｅralｇovernmenｔ30．

Aｃｏｍｐａny’sｅfforｔstokeepexpenseｓlowandprｏfitｓhigｈmａｙrｅsultin_＿____.ﻫA)reductioniｎthenｕmbeｒｏｆemployｅｅsＢ）iｍproveｍentofwoｒkingcoｎditｉoｎｓC)fｅwerdispｕｔｅsbｅtweenlabｏｒaｎdｍaｎagementﻩD）ａrisｅinwｏrkers’waｇeｓPａssagｅTｈｒeeＱuestｉons３1to3５arebaseｄontheｆollｏwｉｎgpassagｅ:

ProfｅssorSmｉthrecentlypersuａｄeｄ３5people,2３ofthemｗoｍeｎ,tokｅepadiaryofalｌtheｉrabsenｔ-mindｅｄactiｏnsｆorafｏrtnight.Ｗheｎhecａmetoanaｌysetｈｅｉｒembarraｓsinglapｓeｓ(差错)inascieｎtificreport,heｗａssurpriseｄtoｆiｎｄｔhａtｎeａrｌｙａllofthemｆellｉntoafｅwgrouｐｉｎｇｓ.Ｎordidtｈeｌapｓesaｐpeaｒtobeｅntiｒelyrandoｍ(随机的)．ﻫ

Oneｏfthewｏmｅn，fｏrinstａnce,onｌeavingherｈouｓeｆorｗoｒkoｎemorningｔhrewｈerdｏｇｈerearringsandtriｅdｔofｉｘadogbiscuitoｎhｅrear.“Tｈeexplanaｔionｆortｈisｉsthatｔｈeｂｒａinｉslｉkeacoｍpｕtｅｒ,”eｘｐlaiｎsthepｒofesｓor．“Pｅoｐlepｒogｒammetｈｅmsｅｌvesｔodocertａinaｃtｉvitiesregｕlarly.Ｉtwastｈewｏman’scusｔomeverymorningtothｒoｗherｄogtｗｏbiscuｉtｓandtｈｅnputｏｎhｅrearrinｇs.Bｕtｓｏｍｅhｏwtheacｔｉoｎｇotreｖeｒsedintheprogrａｍme.”Ａｂoutｏnｅｉntweｎtyoftheincidｅｎtsthｅｖolｕnteｅrsreｐortedｗerethese“ｐrogｒaｍmeassemblyｆａilures.”

Altoｇeｔhｅｒthevolunteerslogged４33uniｎteｎtiｏnａlaｃtｉonsｔhaｔtheyfｏundtheｍseｌｖｅｓdｏing–aｎａverageoftwelveeach.Thｅreappｅartｏｂeｐeakperiodsinthedａｙｗhｅnwｅareatouｒzaniest(荒唐可笑的).Theseaｒetwohourssｏmetｉmeｂｅtweeneighta.m．ａnｄnｏoｎ,betwｅenｆouraｎdｓiｘｐ.ｍ．wiｔhasmalleｒpｅakbｅtweｅneightaｎdtｅnp．m．“Amongmenthｅpeakseｅmｓtobewhenaｃhangｅoverｉｎbraｉn‘pｒogｒammｅs’ｏccurs,asforｉnｓtancebｅtwｅｅngoingtoａndfｒomworｋ．”Woｍｅnonaveｒageｒepoｒtedsｌightlymoｒeｌapses–1２.5ｃoｍparｅdｗｉtｈ10.９formen–probaｂlybｅcａｕseｔhｅyweremorereliａｂlerｅpｏrｔeｒs.

Ａstartｌinｇfiｎdinｇoftheresｅarchisthatｔheabｓeｎｔ－mｉndeｄactｉｖｉｔyｉsａhazardofdoingthingsｉnｗhｉchweaｒeｓｋiｌleｄ.Noｒmalｌｙ,youwｏuｌdｅｘpecｔｔhatskiｌlreｄucesthenumbｅｒoｆerrorsｗemａke.Ｂutｔrｙingｔｏａvoｉdsｉlｌysｌipsbyconcｅntratingmoｒecouldmakethiｎｇｓａlotworｓe–eveｎdangerous.３1.

IｎhisstuｄyＰｒｏfeｓsorSmithaskedｔhesuｂjeｃtｓ_＿____.

Ａ)tokeｅｐtrackofpeoplewhotendtoｆｏrgetthｉnｇs

Ｂ)ｔoｒepoｒtｔheｉｒemｂarraｓsｉngｌａpsesatraｎdｏm

C)tｏaｎaｌysｅｔheiｒaｗkwａｒdexｐeｒiｅｎcesｓcieｎtifｉcａlly

Ｄ）ｔokeepareｃｏrdｏfwhattheｙｄiｄuninteｎtionａlly３2.

ProｆessoｒSmithdiscｏvｅrｅｄtｈａt__＿_＿_.

A)certａiｎpatｔｅrnscanｂeｉdenｔifiediｎtｈeｒｅcordｅｄinciｄents

B)maｎypｅoｐlｅwereｔｏｏeｍbarrａsｓeｄtoadｍｉｔｔheｉrａbsent-miｎdeｄneｓs

C)mｅｎｔendｔobemｏreabｓent-mindedthaｎwomen

D)ａｂseｎt-ｍinｄednessisanｅxcusableｈumaｎweakｎｅss33.

“Pｒｏgrammeａｓsemblyfａilureｓ”(Line6,Para.2)referstoｔhepｈｅnomenｏntｈaｔpeople＿__＿＿_．

A)ｏftenfailtoproｇｒaｍmetheirrouｔiｎｅsｂｅｆｏｒehanｄ

B)tendtｏｍakeｍistakeswhentheyarｅinａhurrｙ

C)ｕnｃonｓciouslyｃhangeｔhｅsｅquｅｎceoｆｄoingthings

D）arｅlikｅlytomessthiｎｇsupiftheyarｅtｏｏtiｒed34.

Welearnfromthethirdｐaｒagrapｈtｈat＿＿_＿＿＿.

Ａ)aｂsenｔ－ｍinｄednｅssteｎｄstooｃcurduｒiｎgcertａinｈouｒsofｔheｄay

B）wｏmeｎarｅveryｃarefultｏpeｒfｏｒmａcｔｉｏnｓduｒiｎgpeａkperｉoｄs

C)womｅnexｐｅriencｅmoｒｅpｅaｋpeｒｉodsofabｓeｎt-mindｅdnesｓ

D)men’saｂsent-miｎdedneｓｓoｆｔenｒeｓulｔｓinfunnyｓiｔuationｓ3５．

Iｔcaｎbeｃｏnｃludedfromｔhepasｓaｇeｔhat__＿___．

A）peｏｐleｓｈｏuldａvｏiddoiｎｇｉmｐoｒtａntthｉngsdｕringpeakｐｅriodsofｌapses

B)hａｚａrdｓｃａnbeaｖｏidｅdｗｈenｐeopledothｉngｓtheyarｅgoｏdat

C)peoｐleshouldbecarｅfulwhenpｒoｇraｍｍiｎｇtheiractions

D)ｌapsｅscａnｎoｔalｗaysbeattriｂuteｄtoｌａckofconcentｒatiｏｎPａssａｇeFｏｕrQuestions36to4０arｅbasedonthefoｌｌowingpassaｇe:

Iｔ’snｏｓｅcrettｈatmａnyｃhiｌｄreｎwoｕｌdbeｈeａlthiｅraｎdｈappierwithaｄoptiveｐarentsthaｎwithtｈepaｒenｔsthatnaｔurｅdealtthｅm.Thａt’sesｐecialｌytｒueｏfchiｌdｒｅnwhoremainiｎａbｕsｉvehomｅsbemusethｅlawbｌindlyfaｖorsbｉologicaｌpaｒenｔｓ．Ｉt’salsotruｅoｆchｉｌdｒenwhosufferforyearｓinｆosterhｏmes(收养孩子的家庭)beｃａuｓeｏｆparｅｎｔswｈｏcaｎ’ｔorｗｏn’tcａｒｅfortｈembutrefusetoｇivｅupcustodｙ（监护)rightｓ．

Fourteｅn-yeａr－ｏldＫｉmｂerlyMａysｆｉｔsneithｅｒｄeｓcripｔion,buｔheｒrｅcentcoｕrｔviｃtoｒycouｌdｅｖentｕallyheｌpｃｈildrenｗhｏdｏ．Kｉmberlyhａsbｅenｔheｏbjectofananｇｒｙcustｏdyｂaｔtlｅbetweeｎthemanwｈoｒaiｓedherａndhｅrｂｉologicalparents,ｗithwhｏmshehasneveｒliveｄ.AＦｌoｒidajudgｅruledthattheｔeeｎagｅrｃａnremaｉnwｉtｈthｅｏｎｌyfaｔhershe’seｖｅｒｋnownandthathｅrbｉｏlogicalpaｒentshaｖe“ｎoｌｅｇaｌclaim”ｏｎher.

Theruｌing,thoｕghｉtｍayyetbeｒｅveｒsed,ｓｅtsasidetheｐｒｉncipｌethａtbｉolｏｇyｉstｈeprimaryｄeｔｅrｍinantofparentaｇe．Thａt’sanｉmporｔaｎｔdeｖｅloｐment，ｏnethat’slongｏveｒdue.

ShoｒtlyaｆｔeｒbirthｉnDeceｍｂｅｒ１97８,KiｍberlyMaysandanotｈerｉnfaｎtｗｅremｉstakeｎｌyswｉtchｅdandｓenthomeｗiｔｈtｈeｗｒongpａrents.Ｋimberly’sbiologicaｌpareｎts，ErnｅstandReｇiｎａTwｉgg,receivedachildwhｏdiｅdofａheａrtdiseasｅｉn１9８8．Mediｃalｔeｓｔsｓhｏwedｔhatthecｈildwaｓｎ’ttheＴwiggs’ownｄaｕghｔeｒ,butKimbeｒlywas,thｕssparkｉｎgacｕstoｄyｂatｔleｗiｔhRｏberｔＭays.Ｉn1989,theｔwofamilｉesagrｅedthatMｒ.MaｙsｗｏuldmaintaincuｓtodywiｔｈｔhｅTwiｇgsgetｔingvisｉtｉngrights.TｈoseｒigｈtｓweｒeｅndｅdwhｅnMr.ＭaysdｅｃｉdｅdthａtKｉmberlywａｓbeinghａrｍｅd.

ThedecisiｏntoleavｅＫimbｅｒlyｗｉtｈＭr.Maｙsrenderedhersuitdebatｅd.ＢutｔhejudgｅmａdｅｃｌearｔhａtKｉmｂｅｒlydiｄhａveｓtandｉnｇｔosue(起诉)onherｏｗnbｅhａｌｆ．Tｈushemadｅclearｔhaｔsｈewasmorｅtｈａnjusｔpropｅrtｙtobｅｈandｌedasａｄulｔsｓaｗfｉt．

Certainly,ｔhebioloｇiｃaｌlｉｎkbｅtweenｐaｒentａndｃhｉldisfuｎdameｎｔal.Butbｉoloｇicalparentsaren’tａlwayspｒefeｒaｂletｏaｄoｐtｉvｅoｎeｓ,andbiologicａlparentageｄｏeｓnoｔｃonｖｅyanabsoluteoｗnershｉpｔｈatｃanｃelｓalltｈerｉｇhtsofcｈildrｅn．36．

WｈａtwａｓtheprｉmａryconｓideratiｏnintｈeＦlｏridajudge’srｕling?

Ａ)Thebiｏｌogｉcａｌｌink.

Ｂ)Tｈｅcｈild’sbenｅｆits.

Ｃ)Thetraditｉoｎalprａcticｅ．

D)Theｐarentｓ’feeｌinｇs.37.

WecanlearnfromthｅKimberlycasｅtｈat______.

A)chiｌdrenaremoｒethaｎjuｓｔpersonalpoｓseｓsiｏnsoftheiｒpａreｎts

B)ｔheｂiolｏｇiｃａｌlｉnkbetｗｅｅnpareｎｔsandcｈiｌdshouｌdbeemphasiｚeｄ

Ｃ)fostｅrｈomeｓbringchｉldrenmorepａiｎandsuｆfeｒｉngthanｃare

D)biologicalｐarｅｎtsshouldn’tcｌaimcuｓtoｄｙｒightsａftｅｒtheirｃhildisadopteｄ38.

ThｅTｗiggscｌａimｅｄcｕstodｙrｉｇhtsｔoKimｂerｌybecauｓｅ_＿＿＿__．

A）theyfoundhｅrｕｎhａppyｉnMr.Mays’custodｙ

Ｂ)ｔheyregaｒdedherasｔhｅｐertｙ

C)theyweｒeherbioｌoｇｉcalparenｔs

D)tｈeyfｅltguilｔyaｂouttheirpａｓtｍistaｋe3９.

KimbeｒlyhａdbeeｎgivenｔoMr．Mａys__＿_＿___．

A)ｂｙsheeｒaccｉdｅnt

B)ouｔｏfcｈarity

C)aｔhiｓrｅqｕest

D)forbetｔeｒｃare40.

Theauthoｒ’saｔtitudetowardsｔhejudge’sｒｕｌｉnｇcoulｄbｅｄeｓcribeｄas＿＿__＿_．

A)ｄouｂtful

B)ｃrｉtical

Ｃ）ｃａutiouｓ

D)ｓｕpportiｖePaｒｔIII

ﻩVocａbulａryandStrｕcture

ﻩﻩﻩ(20mｉｎutes)Diｒections:

Ｔｈｅrｅarｅ３.0.inｃompｌｅtｅｓeｎtencesinthisｐart.FｏrｅａchsenｔeｎceｔherearefourchoiceｓmａrkeｄA）,B)，C)ａndD）．ChｏｏsetｈeONEthatbesｔcompｌeｔeｓtｈeｓeｎtencｅ.ThenmarktｈeｃorｒｅｓｐｏndｉnｇｌetterｏntheAnswerShｅeｔwiｔhaｓｉnｇｌelｉnethrouｇｈｔhecenter．４1．

She＿_____heｒtripｔｏNｅwＹｏrkbecaｕseshewａsill.

Ａ）calｌｅdｏfｆ

ﻩﻩ Ｂ)clｏseddｏwn

ﻩC)putup

ﻩ Ｄ)weｎtoｆf

４2.

___＿__thestorm，ｔhｅshipｗｏuldhavereacｈeditsdeｓｔiｎａtionontｉme.

A)Bｕｔfor

ﻩﻩ B)Incａseof

ﻩ Ｃ）Ｉnsｐiteof

ﻩﻩD)Beｃａuｓeｏf43．

Ｗeｓhｏuldconｃentratｅonsharplyreducinｇinterｅsｔraｔｅｓｔopulltheｅｃｏｎoｍyouｔof__＿___.

A)rejectiｏn

ﻩﻩ B）resｔrｉctioｎ

ﻩＣ)reｔreat

ﻩ D)recessiｏｎ44.

Tｈe_____＿offindinggoldinCaliｆｏrniaaｔtractedaｌotｏfpeoｐletｏｓeｔｔｌedowntｈｅre.

A)pｒｏspeｃtｓ

ﻩ ﻩB)spｅculatｉons

ﻩC)stakｅｓ

ﻩD)provisiｏns４5

Isｕfferedfrｏｍmenｔaｌ__＿___becauseofstressｆrｏｍmyjoｂ．

A)damage

ﻩﻩB)reｌeａse

ﻩﻩＣ)rｅｌiｅf

ﻩ ﻩD）ｆaｔｉgue４6．

Therestｏfｔｈeｄaｙwasentiｒelyathｉs＿___＿_forreａdiｎgｏrrecreation.

A)dismisｓal

ﻩﻩ B)suｒvival

ﻩ C)ｄisposaｌ

ﻩD)arriｖalﻫ47.

Youwｉllｎotｂe__＿___aｂoutｙourfoodintimeofgｒｅａthunger.

A)specｉaｌ

ﻩﻩB）parｔicｕlａr

ﻩC)peculｉaｒ

ﻩD)specifiｃ48.

Crimｅｉsincreasiｎgｗｏｒldｗｉｄｅ，anｄtherｅisｅverｙreasontobeliｅveｔｈｅ___＿_＿willconｔinｕe iｎｔothｅｎexｔdｅcａde．ﻩ

A）eｍeｒｇeｎｃｙ

ﻩ B)trｅnｄ

ﻩ C)pａｃe

ﻩ ﻩD）scｈｅdulｅ49.

Yｏushouldn’thａvewritｔeninthe__＿___sｉncｅthｅｂooｋbelongｓtｏｔhｅlibraｒy.ﻩＡ)iｎｔervａl

ﻩ ﻩB）bordｅｒﻩ Ｃ）maｒgin

ﻩ D)edge

50.

Ｔｈe＿____＿ofairplaneeｎｇiｎｅsanｎouｎcｅｄacominｇaｉrraｉｄ．ﻩA)rｏar

ﻩ ﻩ B)exｃlａmatiｏn

ﻩC)whistｌe

ﻩﻩＤ)sｃｒｅaｍ５1.

Ｔhiｓtickeｔ__＿___yoｕtｏaｆｒeeboatｔouronthelaｋe．

Ａ)entitles

ﻩ B)apｐｏints

ﻩﻩＣ）ｇraｎts

ﻩﻩＤ)credｉts５2.

Ｔhisisthｅnｕrseｗhｏ＿＿____tomewhenＩwａsiｌｌｉnhospｉｔal．

A)accompaniｅd

B)atteｎdeｄ

ﻩ C)eｎterｔａined

D）shｉeｌｄed53.

Iwasabｏutto＿_____amaｔｃhwｈenＩrｅmemberedTom’sｗaｒning. A)rub

ﻩB）hit

ﻩ ﻩＣ)ｓcｒape

ﻩ Ｄ)strike5４.

Theａｄvertisementsaysthismaterialdoesn’ｔ＿__＿__ｉｎtheｗash,butithａs. A)cｏntrａｃt

ﻩﻩ Ｂ)ｓｈrｉnｋ

ﻩC）sliｍ

ﻩﻩD）ｄiｓｓolve55.

Heｗaｓpｒｏｕｄofbeiｎgchosｅｎtopａrticｉpａteinthｅgameandｈe__＿＿_＿ｕsｔhathｅｗoｕldtrｙasﻩhaｒdａｓposｓiｂle.

A）iｎsurｅd

ﻩﻩﻩB)guａranteｅd Ｃ)assumｅd

ﻩﻩD)assured56.

Ｎotonｌythepｒofｅssｉonａlsbuｔalsoｔheamateurswilｌ____＿＿fromtheneｗtｒainiｎｇfaciliｔiｅｓ.

Ａ)ｄeriｖe

ﻩﻩB）acquirｅﻩﻩﻩC)benefｉt

Ｄ)rｅward57.

Thewｏrkwａｓalmostcoｍpletewheｎwerecｅivedoｒdeｒstｏ______nofuｒthｅrwiｔhit．

A)ｐrｏgreｓs

ﻩ ﻩB）pｒocｅedﻩ C)mａrch

ﻩﻩﻩD)proｍote58.

Iｗaiｔedforhｉmｈalｆａnhoｕｒ,ｂutｈｅnevｅr___＿_＿.

A)tuｒnedｉn

B）ｔｕrnｅｄdown

ﻩﻩC)tｕrｎeｄoff

ﻩﻩD)turneｄup５9.

Ａhｏuｓeｗitｈadangeroｕsgａs_＿__＿_canbｅｂroｋenintoｉmmediａｔｅｌy.

A）leaｋ

ﻩﻩﻩB）splｉt ﻩ C)ｍess

ﻩﻩ Ｄ)craｃk６0.

Aｄarksuｉtiｓ＿＿____tｏalightoneforevｅniｎgwｅａr.

ﻩA)favouｒable

ﻩﻩﻩB）ｓuｉtａble

ﻩﻩC)preferable

ﻩ D）pｒｏper6１．

ItwasinthｅUniｔｅdStａtｅｓｔhａｔImadｅthｅ____＿_ofproｆｅssｏｒJｏnｅs．ﻩ

A）aｃkｎｏwlｅｄgement

ﻩB）aｃｑｕaiｎtaｎcｅ C)recognition

D)ａsｓociation６２.

Ｃoｕldyｏutａkea______shｅetofpaperandｗｒｉｔeｙoｕｒｎamｅａtｔhetop？ﻩA）bare

ﻩ B）vａcantﻩ ﻩC）hｏｌloｗ

Ｄ)blａnk63.

Aculｔｕrｅinwhichtheciｔｉzeｎsｓhareｓimilａｒrｅligioｕsbeｌieｆｓandvaluｅsiｓmorｅｌｉｋelｙtohａve lawsthatｒｅpｒeｓentthewisｈesoｆitsｐeoplｅtｈaｎｉsaculturewherecｉtizenscｏmefrｏm _＿_＿＿_ｂacｋgrounds.

ﻩＡ)exｔenｓｉve

ﻩ ﻩB)iｎfluentｉal

ﻩﻩ C)diverｓe

Ｄ)iｄeｎtｉcａl6４.

Areaｓwhｅrestuｄentｓhavepartｉｃulａrｄifｆiｃuｌｔyhaveｂeentreaｔed______particulａｒｃarｅ．

Ａ)by

ﻩﻩﻩ B)inﻩ ﻩＣ）undeｒ

ﻩD)witｈ６5.

Hegａvea______tohandletheaffaiｒsinafriｅndｌymannｅr．

A)pleｄge

ﻩ B)ｍｉssion

ﻩ ﻩC)pｌungｅ

ﻩ Ｄ)ｍotiｏｎ66.

Doｎ’ｔlettheｃｈｉldplayｗｉｔhscissors____＿_ﻩhｅcutshimｓelｆ．

A)incase

ﻩ B)sｏｔｈat

ﻩﻩ Ｃ)ｎowthａｔ

ﻩ D)onlyif6７.

_＿___＿tｈｅdａngeｒfrｏmeｎemyaction,peopｌehadtocoｐewiｔhaｓevｅreshortａｇeofｆood, cloｔhing,fueｌ,andａlmoｓｔeｖerythiｎg.

Ａ)Ａsfａｒas

ﻩﻩ B)Asｌｏｎgas

ﻩC）Asｗellaｓ

D）Aｓsoonaｓ６8.

Manｙpｅopleｌｏｓttheirjoｂsduｒｉngtheｂusineｓs＿_____． A)deｓperatiｏn

ﻩﻩB)decrｅase ﻩＣ)deｓpａir

ﻩﻩD）deprｅssion6９.

Whｅｎevｅrabigcoｍpａny_＿＿__＿aｓmallone,theprｏｄucｔaｌｍostalwａysgeｔsworse.

A)getsonwiｔh

Ｂ)cutsdｏｗｎ

ﻩﻩ C)ｔakesover

ﻩＤ）putsupwiｔh70.

Ｍr.Ｓmithwastｈeｏnｌｙwitnessｗhosａidtｈａtthｅfirewaｓ_＿___＿.

A）mａture

ﻩ ﻩB）deliberａｔe

ﻩC)ｍeaningfuｌ

ﻩＤ)innoceｎtPａrtIV

ﻩShorｔＡｎｓｗerQｕｅsｔiｏns

ﻩ (15ｍinuteｓ)Dｉrｅcｔｉｏｎｓ:

Intｈisｐarttｈｅｒｅisaｓｈortpaｓsagewｉｔh8ｑuestionｓorｉncomｐletｅstａtｅments．Reaｄthｅｐasｓａgecａrefully.Thenａnｓwerｔheｑuestｉonsorcoｍpletｅthestatemeｎtsinthｅfeweｓtｐoｓsiｂlewords．Wriｔｅｙｏurａｎｓwｅrsｉnthespａceｓprｏvidｅdonthｅｒightoｆthepaｇe.

Whａtpeｒｓonａlqualitｉeｓａｒedeｓirabｌeinateａcｈeｒ?Ithｉnｋthefollowiｎｇwouｌdｂegeneralｌyaccepted.ﻫ

First,thｅｔｅａcｈer’spersonalitysｈouldbeｌivelyａｎdattｒaｃｔiｖｅ.Ｔhisdoesnotｒuleoutpeｏplewｈoareｐlａin-looｋing,ｏｒevenugｌy,ｂeｃaｕｓｅmａnysuｃhｐｅoｐlehaｖｅgreatｐersonalchａrm.Buｔiｔdoesｒuleoutsｕchtｙpesａstheｏver-ｅxcｉtablｅ,saｄ,cｏld,aｎdｆrｕsｔraｔed.ﻫ

Secｏnｄly,itisnotｍeｒelｙdeｓirａblｅbuｔessentiａlｆoratｅａchｅrtｏhavｅagｅnuiｎecaｐaciｔｙｆｏrsymｐａthy,aｃaｐaciｔｙtounｄerstａndtheminｄsａnｄfeｅｌingsｏfotｈeｒpeｏple,eｓpeｃiａlｌｙ,sincｅｍostteachersaｒeｓchooltｅaｃheｒs,themindsａnｄｆeeliｎｇsｏfcｈildｒｅn.Closelｙrelａtedｗiｔｈthisｉsthecapａcitｙtobｅtoｌeraｎｔ–not,indeed，ofwhａｔiswroｎｇ,butofthewｅaknｅssesandimmaturitｙofｈumannaturｅｗｈichinduｃe(诱导)ｐｅople,ａndagaｉnespｅciallｙcｈｉlｄren,tomakeｍiｓｔakes.ﻫ

Ｔｈirdly,Ihｏldｉteｓsｅntiａlforateａcｈerｔｏbeｂothinｔｅllｅctuａllyandｍorallyhonest.Ｔhismeaｎsｔhathewｉllbeaｗareofｈisinｔeｌｌectｕａlstrｅnｇｔhsandｌimitatiｏｎs,andwilｌhavethoｕgｈｔabouｔanddecｉｄeduponthemoraｌprincipｌeｓｂｙwhiｃhhisｌifeshallbｅｇuided.Therｅｉsnocｏnｔradｉｃtｉoｎinmyｇoｉnｇontosaｙｔｈaｔateａｃhershouldｂeabitofａｎacｔｏｒ．Thatisｐartoｆthetecｈｎiqｕeofteaｃhｉng,whiｃhdemaｎｄstｈateveｒynｏwandthenateａｃheｒshouldｂｅabletoｐutonanacｔ–toeｎliｖen(使生动）aｌｅsｓon,corｒectａｆauｌt,orawardｐraise.Cｈiｌdren，especｉallyyｏuｎgcｈildren,liｖeinaｗorldthatisｒatｈerlａrｇerthanｌiｆe.ﻫ

Ateａｃhｅｒmusｔbｅｃapableｏfinfinｉtepａｔiencｅ.Thiｓ,Imaｙsａy,ｉslａrgeｌyaｍatterofsｅlf－dｉｓcipｌinｅandseｌf-tｒaｉniｎg,fｏｒweａrenoneoｆusbｏrnｌｉkeｔｈat.ﻫ

Fiｎally，Ithinｋateａｃhersｈouldhａｖetｈｅkindofｍｉndwｈichａlwayswantstogooｎleaｒniｎg.Teacｈｉｎgｉsajｏbatｗhichoｎewillnｅvｅrbepｅrfeｃt；tｈerｅiｓaｌwayｓsｏmｅtｈingmoretoｌｅarｎaboutit.Thｅrearetｈｒeeprinciｐaloｂjectsofｓtuｄy:thｅsuｂjecｔsｗｈichtheteａcｈeｒisteaｃｈing;tｈeｍethodsbywｈiｃhｔhesubｊectｓcanｂｅｓtｂetaｕghttｏthｅparticｕlａrpｕｐilｓinthｅcｌasｓesｈeisteaｃhｉng;andgbyｆartheｍｏstimpoｒｔaｎt－－thechiｌdｒｅｎ,yoｕnｇｐｅople,ｏradultstowhomｔhesubjeｃtsareｔobeｔaught．TｈetｗofunｄamenｔalprincipleｓofBｒitisheduｃationtodaｙareｔhateduｃaｔionisedｕcａtioｎoftheｗhoｌeperson,andtｈatitｉsbｅstacquiredtｈroughfullandａctｉveｃo-ｏpｅraｔionｂetweeｎｔwｏpeｒsoｎs,ｔheteacｈerandｔhelｅarner.S1．

Pｌain-loｏkinｇtｅacherscaｎalsobeaｄmｉreｄｂytheiｒｓtudentsiftｈｅyhave____＿＿__＿.

_＿__________＿___＿__________＿__＿___＿__________＿___________＿＿___＿___S2.

Theauthoｒsaysiｔis__＿＿＿__＿_tｈatteacherｓbesyｍpathｅtｉcwｉthｔｈeｉrstｕdｅnｔｓ. __＿___________＿____＿___＿＿__＿＿____＿___＿________＿＿＿___＿__＿_____＿＿___S3.

AtｅａchｅｒsｈoulｄｂetoｌerａnｔbeｃausｅhuｍａnstendtｏｈａveS３(１)_______＿_ａnｄｔobeS3(２)_____＿__＿.

(1）________＿___＿＿_＿____＿＿___＿___＿_______＿___＿__＿__＿____＿___________

(2)_＿______＿＿_____＿___＿___＿＿____＿___＿__＿__＿______＿＿＿___＿__＿____＿__＿S4.

Ａteaｃhｅrwhois_______＿_ｗillｂeabletoｍakeｈislessonsmorelivｅly．

_____＿＿___＿_____＿__＿＿__＿__＿___＿__＿____＿________＿__＿_＿__＿＿_____＿_＿＿Ｓ5．

Hoｗcanａｔeachｅｒacquireinｆｉnitepaｔience？

_＿＿＿___＿__＿____________＿____＿＿__＿＿＿_____＿_＿＿__＿___＿_____＿＿___＿____S6.

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ﻩﻩﻩ ﻩﻩWrｉｔing

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假设你在某日某时目击一起车祸,就此写一份见证书。见证书须涉及以下几点：

1.车祸发生的时间及地点

２．你所见到的车祸情况ﻫ

3.你对车祸因素的分析AnEye-WiｔｎessＡccountｏｆaTrａfｆiｃAcciden20２3年6月四级试题详解（10）2023年6月四级试题译文PassａgｅOｎe译文ﻩ美国3~12岁的孩子平均每星期的在校时间为29小时，比1981年多了８小时。同时,他们做家务活多了，并且参与更多的像足球、芭蕾舞等有组织的活动。特别是参与体育活动的时间,从1981年到1９97年增长了5０%:现在男孩子平均每周花4小时运动,女孩的运动时间是男孩的一半。但是，总的说来,孩子们的空闲时间从1981年的40％降到２5%。 “影响父母的时间危机同样也影响着孩子们,”最近对儿童作息时间表做调研的项目负责人SaｎdrａＨoｆｆertｈ如是说。她说一个最重要的因素是更多的母亲外出工作。当然,生活在双收家庭或“父亲挣钱养家型”的家庭的孩子有较多的时间与他们的父母沟通。分别是每周１9或22个小时。相反,生活在单身母亲家庭的孩子每周与母亲在一起的时间只有9小时。ﻩ假如一味地学习,而没有玩耍会使孩子们的生活变得一团糟。哈佛学院的专家T·ＢerryＢｒａzelton说:“玩耍是孩子们探索世界和结识自我的最有效的途径”。自由的玩耍促使孩子们独立地思考,并使他们与同伴协调地相处，然而，3～1２岁的孩子花在玩耍的时间每周只有12个小时。ﻩ抽样的调查显示，孩子们把已经快速减少的“自由时间”的四分之一用于看电视。但是，不管你相信不相信,家用长们对这样的结果还是庆幸的。即使孩子们不花更多的时间看电视,他们也不会把时间用在读书上。尽管家长们费尽心思让孩子们对书本感爱好，但是，他们每周花在阅读上的时间也只有一个多小时。让我们面对现实吧，谁有时间呢?`ＰassagｅTwo译文ﻩ美国最著名的发明家和汽车制造商亨利·福特曾经说:“美国的一切都是商业”。此话的意思是说，美国人的生活方式建立在商品社会的价值观上。ﻩ很少有人对福特的说法提出疑义。只在一张日报上瞥一眼,就不难发现有多少美国在关心商业。比如,几乎每家报纸都有商业版，对各种工程项目、资金和管理、股票价格和公司的劳动问题都是每日一报。此外，商业信息还在其他版面中出现。大多数国内新闻都反映重要的金融信息。福利、援外、联邦财政预算以及联邦储备银行的政策都极大地受到商业的影响。并且，商业信息还会在一些最不也许的地主出现。艺术和娱乐界经常被称为“娱乐业”或“演艺业”。ﻩ福特说法积极的一面可以从商业给美国生活带来的繁荣中看到。之所以有如此众多的人从世界各地蜂拥而至美国，其最重要的因素之一就是实现找到一份更好的工作梦想。工作的机会很多,由于美国的经济制度是由竞争驱动的。人们相信这样的制度能发明更多的财富，提供更好的工作和更好的物质生活。ﻩ但是，福特的说法中悲观的一面也显而易见,即当商业这个词用来指代大财团的时候。‘大财团’这个词——指代是与工人相对的最大的商业集团或公司。在美国的历史上，工人们曾经为争取更高的工资、更好的工作环境以及组织工会的权利而艰苦地斗争。今天,许多旧的劳资纠纷已经消失，但是，雇员们仍然存在着忧虑。裁人——解雇成千上万的工人以保证成本和高效益——