精品解析：湖北省武汉市华师一附中2018-2019学年高一下学期期末英语试题(解析版)

华中师大一附中2018-2019学年度下学期高一期末检测英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30分）第一节（共 5小题；每小题1.5分，满分第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30分）第一节（共 5小题；每小题1.5分，满分听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout？A.Havingabirthdayparty.B.Doingsomeexercise.Whatisthewomangoingtodo？A.Helptheman. B.Takeabus.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando？A.TellKatetostop. B.CallKate'sfriends.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace？A.Inawineshop. B.Inasupermarket.Whatdoesthewomanmean？A.Keepthewindowclosed.B.Gooutforfreshair.7.5分）从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一C.GettingLydiaagift.C.Getacamera.C.StayawayfromKate.C.Inarestaurant.C.Turnonthefan.第二节（共 15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，答第6、7题。6：Whatisthemangoingtodothissummer？A.Teachacourse. B.Repairhishouse. C.Workatahotel.Howwillthemanusethemoney？A.Tohireagardener. B.Tobuybooks. C.Topayforaboattrip.听第7段材料，回答第 8、9题。Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A.Schoolmates.B.Colleagues. C.Roommates.WhatdoesFrankplantodorightaftergraduation？

A.Workasaprogrammer.B.Travelaroundtheworld.C.Starthisownbusiness.8段材料，回答第10至12题Whydoesthewomanmakethecall？A.Tobookahotelrooish1.B.Toaskabouttheroomservice.C.TomakechangestoareservationWhenwillthewomenarriveatthehotel？OnSeptember15.OnSeptember16.OnSeptember23.Howmuchwillthewomanpayherroompernight?A.$179.B.$199.C.$219.A.A.9段材料，回答第13至16题。Whatisthewoman'splanforSaturday?Goingshopping.B.Goingcamping.C.Goingboating.WherewillthewomanstayinKeswick?Inacountryinn.B.Inafive-starhotel.C.Inheraunt'shome.WhatwillGordondoovertheweekend？A.Visithisfriends.B.WatchDVDs.C.JointhewomanWhatdoesthewomanthinkofGordon'scomingweekendA.Workasaprogrammer.B.Travelaroundtheworld.C.Starthisownbusiness.8段材料，回答第10至12题Whydoesthewomanmakethecall？A.Tobookahotelrooish1.B.Toaskabouttheroomservice.C.TomakechangestoareservationWhenwillthewomenarriveatthehotel？OnSeptember15.OnSeptember16.OnSeptember23.Howmuchwillthewomanpayherroompernight?A.$179.B.$199.C.$219.A.A.9段材料，回答第13至16题。Whatisthewoman'splanforSaturday?Goingshopping.B.Goingcamping.C.Goingboating.WherewillthewomanstayinKeswick?Inacountryinn.B.Inafive-starhotel.C.Inheraunt'shome.WhatwillGordondoovertheweekend？A.Visithisfriends.B.WatchDVDs.C.JointhewomanWhatdoesthewomanthinkofGordon'scomingweekend？A.Relaxed.B.Boring.C.Busy.10段材料，回答第 17至20题WhoisWangMing？A.Astudent.B.Anemployer.C.Anengineer.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthecollegejobmarketthisyear？A.It'sunpredictable.B.It'squitestable.C.It'snotoptimistic.Whatpercentageofstudentjobseekershavefoundajobbynow？A.20%.B.22%.C.50%.20.Whyareengineeringgraduatesmorelikelytoacceptajob？A.Theyneedmoreworkexperience.B.Thesalaryisusuallygood.C.Theirchoiceislimited.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 35分）第一节（共 10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AVisitorstoBritainmayfindthebestplacetosamplelocalcultureisinatraditionalpub.Butthesefriendlypubscanbedangerousplacesofpotentialgaffes（失礼）forthenewcomers.AteamofresearchershavediscoveredsomeoftheunknowncustomsofBritishpub-startingwiththedifficultyofgettingadrink.Mostpubshavenowaiters-youhavetogotothebartobuydrinks.AgroupofItalianyouthswaiting45minutesbeforetheyrealizedtheywouldhavetofetchtheirown.Thismaysoundinconvenient,butthereisahiddenpurpose.Pubcultureisdesignedtopromotesociabilityinasocietyknownforitsreserve.Standingatthebarforserviceallowsyoutochatwithotherswaitingtobeserved.Thebarcounterispossiblytheonly'siteintheBritishIslesinwhichfriendlyconversationwithstrangersisconsideredentirelysuitableandreallyquitenormalbehavior."Ifyouhaven'tbentoapub,youhaven'tbentoBritain."Thistipcanbefoundinabooklet,PassporttothePub:TheTourists'GuidetoPubEtiquette,acustomers'ruleofconductforthosewantingtosampleacentralpartofBritishlifeandculture"。Thetroubleisthatifyoudonotfollowthelocalrules,theexperiencemayfallflat.Forexample,ifyouareinabiggroup,itisbestifonlyoneortwopeoplegotobuythedrinks.Nothingannoystheregularcustomersandbarstaffmorethanagroupofstrangersblockingallaccesstothebarwhiletheychatandhesitateaboutwhattoorder.Theunderlinedword"sample"inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans" A.defend B.experienceC.test D.recordThecultureofpubinBritainissodevelopedto .encouragepeopletocommunicatewitheachotherencouragemorepeopletoconsumedrinksattractmoretouriststothepubsformitsowncharacterofcultureWhatdoestheauthormeanbygivingtheexampleofagroupofItalianyouthsinParagraph2?Britishpubsdon'talwayshavewaitersorwaitresses.ThereisalwaysahiddenpurposeinmostBritishpubs.ItisquiteconvenientforpeopletogetadrinkinBritishpubs.NotknowingthecustomofBritishpubsmaycauseinconvenience.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。在英国，酒吧是体验当地文化的最佳去处，并介绍在酒吧里你需要遵守的一些规则。【1题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段 VisitorstoBritainmayfindthebestplacetosamplelocalcultureisinatraditionalpub.到英国的游客也许会发现，在传统酒吧里是品尝当地文化的最佳场所，可知划线部分含义是经历含义，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 Pubcultureisdesignedtopromotesociabilityinasocietyknownforitsreserve.在一个以保守著称的社会里，酒吧文化旨在促进社交。可知酒吧目的是鼓励人们交际，故选A.【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段：问题是，如果你不遵守当地的规则，你的经验就会落空。例如，如果你是一个大集团的成员，最好是只有一两个人去买酒，而且酒吧的工作人员比一群陌生人更能在聊天和犹豫点什么的时候阻止所有人进入酒吧，可知不知道英国酒吧的习俗会造成不便，故选D。【点睛】考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择。在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的椎理判断。BAtfirstglance,thebusinessworldisnoplaceforyoungwomen.asmycofoundersandIhavebeentoldonmanyoccasions.Inspiteofthispessimisticviewofwomen'sopportunityinbusiness,Wethreecollege-agegirlwithzeroexperienceinbusinessstartedoffwithahighlyambitiousgoal:tostartaseaweedfarminNorthCarolina,andgrowasmuchseaweedaspossibletohelpreducecarbonemissions（排放）andnutrientpollutionfromagriculturalsources.Inthebeginning,ourideaswereeitherignoredorscoffedbytheresearchersfromwhomwesoughthelpand

advice.Butwecarriedonwithourresearch-ifotherswouldn'tprovideusanswers,weweren'tafraidtotrytoworkthemoutourselves.Wediscoveredwhichspeciescouldgrowinwarmerwaters,andwe'didentifiedpotentialmarketsintowhichweplannedtoselltheproduct.We'vespentthelasttwoyearssettingupthefirstseaweedfarminNC,applyingforapatent（专利）andcompetingwithfivefinalteamsinfrontoftheUnitedNationsfor$1million.Despiteallofourefforts,manyindustryexpertsremainedunwillingtotakeusseriously.Butasoftenhappensinbusiness,thesamecharacteristicswewereignoredforwere,inreality,ourbiggestcompetitiveadvantage.Ouragegaveusthestrengthtobouncebackfromfailure,andourbackgroundasenvironmentalscientists,ratherthanbusinesswomen,helpedusfindnewmarketingopportunities.Forevery10farmerswhoclaimednobodywouldeverwanttofeedtheircowsseaweed,wefoundonewhowasinterested.Forevery15cosmeticsproducerswhorefusedtoanswerourcoldcalls,westucktotheonewithaninterestingideaforaseaweedlotion.Overthecourseofourearlybusinessdevelopmentefforts,wehavehadaccesstoawealthofresources,programs,andindividualswhoworkconstantlytohelpussucceed.Bystayingfocusedonbringingourideastolight,ourteamhasdemonstratedthatentrepreneurship（创业）isexactlytherightplaceforthehopeful.Whatwasthemajorcausefortheirdifficultlyinstartingbusiness?A.Theywerewomen. B.Theywereyoung.C.Theylackedexperience. D.Theysufferedprejudice.Whatdidtheydotomaketheirbusinesssuccessfulaccordingtothepassage?Theyexpandedtheirseaweedfarms.Theyexperimentedonseaweedspecies.Theygottheirproductofficiallyrecognized.TheyconsultedtheUnitedNations.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?Howtheybenefitedfromtheirweaknesses.Howtheygotothersinterestedinseaweed.Howtheymadethemselvesmorecompetitive.Howtheyapproachedpotentialcustomers.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethethreewomen?A.Naiveandsimple-minded. B.Ambitiousandself-centered.C.Adventurousandpersistent. D.Stubbornandcourageous.DBACDBAC【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙作者和其他两个同学在大学毕业后坚持种植海草创业的过程，虽然遇到很多困难，但是对点燃梦想的希望使她们坚持并取得成功。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 Atfirstglance,thebusinessworldisnoplaceforyoungwomen.asmycofoundersandIhavebeentoldonmanyoccasions.可知她们被告知商界不适合年轻女性，这是一种偏见，故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题根据第二段 weweren'tafraidtotrytoworkthemoutourselves.可知她们自己试着做出试验，故选B。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段 Butasoftenhappensinbusiness,thesamecharacteristicswewereignoredforwere,in可知她们从中知道被忽视的那些特征，实际上是她们最大的竞争优reality,ourbiggestcompetitiveadvantage.可知她们从中知道被忽视的那些特征，实际上是她们最大的竞争优势，故选A。7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 Bystayingfocusedonbringingourideastolight,ourteamhasdemonstratedthatentrepreneurship（创业）isexactlytherightplaceforthehopeful.可知她们对点亮梦想有恒心，敢于创业，故选C。Givenachoice,wouldThreeLittleRobotsbeingchasedbyabigbadwolfA）buildsuccessivelymorewolf-resistanthousesorB）killthewolfwiththeirnailgun?IfyouchoseB）,you'reprobablyarobotwhohasn'tyetmetQuixote,alearningsystemthatteachesrobotshownottokillbyusingfairytales.WhileStephenHawking,ElonMuskandBillGatestrytoscareuswithtalesofrobotskillinghumans,ateamofresearchersatGeorgiaInstituteof'Technologyisscaringrobotsbyusingfairytalestoteachthemhowtomakeproperdecisionswhenfacedwithreal-worlddilemmaswhilelackingamoral（道德的）compass.Theysuggestrobotscanbetaughtmoralbehaviorusingbooks.Readingfairytalesorstorybookscanhelpthemlearnwhatisgoodandbadandhowtobehavewellinasociety."Fables寓言）fromillllllHIIIIII|kcanprovideartificialintelligencewithsocialskillsandrolemodelsessentialtothepeacefulcoexistenceofmenandrobots,"scientistsatGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyclaiminanewstudy.Accordingtoresearchers,tomakearobotunderstandtheactionsofahumanitmustfirstturnedthemorallessonscontainedinfables-intoaspecificallydesignedarchitectureofreasoning,compatiblewithartificialintelligence.Anearlyexampleofthisreasoningisasystemcalled"Quixote."namedfortheleadingcharacterofMigueldeCervantes'classicnovel.Quixoteusesfableplotstogivemachineintelligenceguidanceformoralproblem-solvingand,dependingonwhatdeedscharactersengagein,thesystemsendseitherrewardorpunishmentsignals,causingrobotstoactmorehumanely,researcherssuggest.ThefunctionofQuixoteisdependentuponanothersystemcalled"Scheherazade",apreviousprojectstartedbythesameteam.ScheherazadecollectsdifferentstoryplotsfromInternetanddevelopsinteractivestories.Thosestoriesarethenturnedintodecisionflow-charts,providinga"hugenumberofbranchingpaths"followingeverysteptaken.Quixoteisintheearlydevelopmentstage,accordingtoresearchers,notingthatitworkscurrentlywithrobotsthatinteractwithhumansinonlyaverysmallrangeoffunction.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?ARobotsareafraidofwolves. B.Robotsarefondoffairytales.C.Robotsareadvancing. D.Robotsareconstantlygivenchoices.Whatwouldprobablyhappenifatestedrobotchosetocutinlineinpublicplaces?A. ItwouldbepunishedbyScheherazade. B. Itwould apologize.C. Itwouldreasonwithhumanbeings. D. Itwould berebuilt.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefunctionofQuixote?A. QuixotemakesfablesmeaningfultoA.I. B. Quixote givesrobotsintelligence.C. QuixotecollectsstoriesfromInternet. D. Quixote isanindependentsystem.【答案】8.C9.A10.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。乔治亚理工学院的一组研究人员通过童话故事来教机器人在面对现实困境而缺乏道德 （道德的 ）指南针如何做出正确的决策。他们建议机器人可以通过书本来学习道德行为。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段 alearningsystemthatteachesrobotshownottokillbyusingfairytales.可知现在机器人的系统是先进的，故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段Quixoteusesfableplotstogivemachineintelligenceguidanceformoralproblem-solvingand,dependingonwhatdeedscharactersengagein,thesystemsendseitherrewardorpunishmentsignals,causingrobotstoactmorehumanely,researcherssuggest.研究人员表示，堂吉诃德利用寓言情节提供道德问题解决的机器智能指导，根据角色的行为，系统会发出奖励或惩罚信号，让机器人表现得更人性化。可知插队会被处罚，故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段可知 Quixote的功能依赖于另一个叫做 Scheherazade的系统，Scheherazade从互联网上收集不同的故事情节，并开发互动故事。然后，这些故事被转换成了决策流程图，故选 A。第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。DonateYourUsedBooksWhenitcomestodonatingusedbooks,lookbeyondyourlocallibraryorthriftstore;thereareplentyofincredibleorganizationsmakingadifferenceintheworldthroughthepowerofbooks.Herearesomeofthebest.SendusedbookstodeployedsoldiersAgreatwaytohonorandsupportourtroopsistodonatebookstoBooksforSoldiers.Thisnon-profitallowsuserstosignintoadatabaseandreceivebookrequestsfromindividualsoldiers.Mail-calldaysaresomeofthemosthighlyexpectedeventsforthem.11Givethemtothenation'spoorestcommunitiesReadertoReader'simpacthasbeenincrediblywide-reachingandimpressive.12 .Theprogramspecificallybenefitsthenation'spoorestcommunities,frominner-cityschoolsandNa?veAmericanReservationstoimpoverished,ruraltowns.ReadertoReaderhasdonatedover2millionbookstorebuildschoollibrariesdestroyedbyHurricaneSandyandothernaturaldisasterslikefiresandtornadoes.Bydonatingyourbookshere,you'llmakeahugeimpactinAmerica'sstrugglingcities.HelpprisonersgetaneducationBooksforPrisonersisanon-profitstudentorganizationbasedattheUniversityofCalifornia.SanDiego.Thisincredibleprogramdonatesbooksandresourcestoinmatesfromalloverthecountry.Individualinmateswritetotheorganization,oftenrequestingspecificbooks,dictionaries,andtextbooksfortheirstudies.BooksforPrisoners,inturn,sendstherequestedmaterialsinthehopesoffurtheringtheireducationandhelpingtoturntheirlivesaround.13 .Soyoucanhelpmaketheirgoalsarealitybydonatingyourusedbooks.1414【【题详解】timerealizedthatthebasketwas34 .Ithadbeenchangedfromadirtyoldcoalbasketandwasnowclean,insideandout!Son,that'swhathappenswhenyoureadthebook.Youmightnotunderstandor-remembereverything,butwhenyoureadit,youwillbechanged,insideand35 !16.A.wisdomB.strengthsC.shortcomingsD.disadvantages17.A.toolB.weaponC.equipmentD.instrument18.A.asB.beforeC.whileD.because19.A.fastB.sharpC.smoothD.important20.A.fewB.muchC.littleD.many21.A.itB.oneC.thatD.those22.A.atB.downC.alongD.besides23.A.confirmB.believeC.understandD.convince24.A.quicklyB.finallyC.immediatelyD.frequently25.A.turnedupB.turnedoutC.turnedawayD.turnedaround26.A.fishB.coalC.earthD.water27.A.wentoutB.flewoutC.droppedoutD.leakedout28.A.sentB.askedC.orderedD.required29.A.breathB.controlC.curiosityD.consideration30.A.evenB.thoughC.insteadD.however31.A.hopefulB.necessaryC.impossibleD.important32.A.heardB.arrivedC.glancedD.approached33.A.uselessB.hopelessC.helplessD.worthless34.A.sameB.equalC.strangeD.different35.A.outB.aroundC.anywhereD.everywhere【答案】16.B17.B18.A 19.B20.B21.B 22.A23.C 24.C 25.D26.D27.D28.B29.A 30.C31.C32.D 33.A34.D 35.A【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者在文章借用提利昂 兰尼斯特的话引出读书重要性，再用篮子打水的故事教育人们读书有很多好处，你可能不理解或不记得书上的每件事，但当你读书时，你从内到外都会发生改变!考查名词词义辨析。A.wisdom智慧；B.strengths强项；C.shortcomings缺点D.disadvantages不利条件。我对自己的长处和弱点有着现实性的了解。故选B。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.tool工具；B.weapon武器；C.equipment装备；D.instrument器材。我的头脑就是我的武器。故选B。【18题详解】考查介词词义辨析。A.as如同；B.before在...之前； C.while直到；D.because因为。思想需要书本来充实就如同剑需要磨石变锋利一样，故选A。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。 A.fast快速的；B.sharp尖锐的；C.smooth光滑的；D.important重要的。来保持它的锋利，故选B。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.few很少的；B.much多的；C.little小的；D.many许多的。这就是为什么我阅读那么多的原因。somuch“太多”，故选B。【21题详解】考查代词词义辨析。A.it它；B.one一个；C.that那个；D.those那些。一个读者在死前活着一千条生命，从不读书的人只是活着的一个生命。故选B。【22题详解】考查介词词义辨析。 A.at在…方面；B.down在…下面；C.along沿着；D.besides在…旁边。每天早上爷爷坐在厨房里的餐桌上，故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。 A.confirm确认；B.believe认为；C.understand理解；D.convince说服。爷爷，我试着像你一样读这本书，但我不理解，故选C。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A.quickly快速地；B.finally最终；C.immediately立刻地；D.frequently频繁地。我能理解但一合上书本我立刻就忘记了。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义。A.turnedup出现，发生；B.turnedout结果是；C.turnedaway避开，走开；D.turnedaround转身。爷爷悄悄地转过身，故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。 A.fish鱼；B.coal煤块；C.earth土地；D.water水。到河边带回来一篮水，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义。A.wentout外出；B.flewout飞出；C.droppedout退出，脱离；D.leakedout泄露，漏出。但在他回到家之前，所有的水都漏了，故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。 A.sent送；B.asked叫，问；C.ordered预定，命令；D.required要求。爷爷叫他带着篮子回到河边再试一次，故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.breath气息，呼吸；B.control管理；C.curiosity好奇心；D.consideration考虑。outofbreath上气不接下气。他上气不接下气地回来告诉祖父，用篮子装水是不可能的，故选A。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。 A.even甚至，即使；B.though尽管；C.instead代替；D.however然而。用篮子装水是不可能的，于是他去拿了一个桶来代替，故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.hopeful有希望的；B.necessary有必要的；C.impossible不可能的；D.important重要的。男孩知道这是不可能的，故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.heard听到；B.arrived到达；C.glanced瞥；D.approached靠近。当他靠近他祖父的时候，篮子又空了，故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.useless无用的；B.hopeless无望的； C.helpless无助的；D.worthless不值得的。他说：“祖父你看，都是无用功哎。”故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.same同样的；B.equal相等的；C.strange奇怪的；D.different不同的。男孩第一次意识到篮子是不同的，它是从一个肮脏的旧煤筐里改造出来的，现在已经干净了。故选D。次意识到篮子是不同的，它是从一个肮脏的旧煤筐里改造出来的，现在已经干净了。故选【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A.out在外面；B.around在周围；C.anywhere无论哪里；D.everywhere到处。你可能不理解或不记得书中的每件事，但当你读到它时，你就会改变，从内到外！故选 Ao第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)BecautiousofFridaythe13th!Manypeoplethinkthedayisunlucky.36 (fortune),there'sonlyoneFridaythe13ththisyear.Asthelegendgoe§youshouldtrynot37 (break)anymirrors,walkunderaladder,orevenspillanysalt.Why?Researcherssay38istoughtofindouthowthetraditioncameintobeing.Manybelieveithas39 (religion)origins.IntheChristianfaith,therewere13guestsattablefortheLastSupper;whichwasheldthedaybeforetheFriday40Jesusdied.Now,Fridaythe13hhasbecomeaculturalwonder.ManyAmericansavoidthenumber13alltogether, 41 (include)hotelroomsandairplaneseatassignments.Itevencostscoupleslesstogetmarriedontheday.Therearemanyother42 (explain)behindthelucklessday.SimonBronner,aprofessorofAmericanstudiesatPennsylvaniaState.University, 43 (believe)Fridaythe13hisawayforpeopletopintheirbadlucktoacertaincause:.Thefactshouldbe44there'snothingspecialaboutthenumberitself.Afterall,thenumber13 45 (consider)tobeluckyinsomecountries,likeItaly【答案】36.Fortunatelytobreakit39.religious40.when41.includingexplanationsbelievesthat45.isconsidered【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。在美国人们觉得星期五和数字 13是不好的运气，在住酒店结婚等场合都避免使用它们。但是宾夕法尼亚大学教授 SimonBronner认为只是人们把坏运气归因于星期五和数字 13。【36题详解】考查副词。根据句子结构可知，空格处的单词是作状语的，应该用副词。故填 Fortunatelyo【37题详解】考查固定搭配。trytodosth.表示尽力做某事"，trynottodosth.尽力不做某事。故填tobreak。38题详解】考查it作形式主语。分析句子结构可知，say后面是宾语从句，缺主语，分析句意可知，搞清楚这个传统是怎样产生的很难。不定式短语 tofindouthowthetraditioncameintobeing是真正的主语。为了保持句子平衡，应该用it作形式主语，而把不定式短语放到后面。故填it。39题详解】考查形容词。名词origins应该用形容词来修饰。故填religious。40题详解】考查定语从句引导词。theFriday为定语从句的先行词，在后面从句中作时间状语，星期前面用 on,所以定语从句的引导词是 when或onwhich。故填 when。41题详解】考查介词+doing用法。include是动词，分析句子结构可知，整个句子是单句，include在这里不作谓语，需要用它的介词形式，后面跟介词宾语。故填 including。42题详解】考查名词。由前面的are和many可知，此处应用可数名词的复数形式。故填explanations。43题详解】考查时态。分析上下文可知，此篇文章主要时态是一般现在时，本句主语是单数，所以要用believe的单三形式。故填 believes。44题详解】that。考查表语从句引导词。本句中shouldbethat。45题详解】thenumber13thenumber13和consider是被动关系，又分析上文知be动词用is。道，这里应该用一般现在时，be动词用is。故填isconsidered。第四部分写作（共两节，满分 40分）。第一节应用文写作（满分 15分）46.假定你是高一的李华，得知第七届世界军人运动会（the7thCISMWorldGames）将于2019年10月18日volunteer），内容包括：至27volunteer），内容包括：1、写信的目的；2、个人优势；3、能做的事。注意：1、词数100左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3、申请信的开头已给出，不计入字数。DearSir/Madam,IamLiHua，astudentstudyinginakeymiddleschool.【答案】DearSir/Madam,IamLiHua，astudentstudyinginakeymiddleschool.Knowingthatthe7thCISMWorldGameswillbeheldinourcity,IamsoexcitedthatIcan'twaittowritetoyoutoapplytobeavolunteer.Asasports-lovermyself,Ihaveageneralideaoftherulesofdifferentevents.Inaddition,Iamalsogoodatcommunicatingwithothersandeagertolendahandtopeopleinneed.Withthespiritofvoluntaryworkrootedinmyheart,IamsurethatIcanbeasuitablevolunteeryouneed.IfIamhonoredenoughtobeacceptedasavolunteer,Iwillservetheplayersheartandsoul,usingmypatienceandcarefulnesstomakethemfeelathome.IbelieveIcandoagoodjobfortheGames.Pleaseconsidermyrequest,andI'mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yoursfaithfully,LiHua【解析】【分析】本文为应用文中的申请信。时态是一般现在时。【详解】第一步： 注意写申请信要求：①说明优势。②不要过分渲染自我。切忌过分夸大自己的能力或表现出过分的自信，尤其不要说出与事实不符的能力或特长来。③表明自己很感兴趣，说明自己的愿望，语气自信而坚定。④请求答复联系。第二步：遣词造句词组：can'twaitto；applyto；lendahandtosb.；heartandsoul；makesb.feelathome等造句：Knowingthatthe7thCISMWorldGameswillbeheldinourcity,IamsoexcitedthatIcan'twaittowritetoyoutoapplytobeavolunteer.Iamalsogoodatcommunicatingwithothersandeagertolendahandtopeopleinneed.Iwillservetheplayersheartandsoul,usingmypatienceandcarefulnesstomakethemfeelathome.【点睛】本篇习作开篇直接点明写信的目的，使人一目了然。在写作中，以常用句为主，说明自己的实际情况和优点优势，如：非谓语及表语从句 Knowingthatthe7thCISMWorldGameswillbeheldinourcity,IamsoexcitedthatIcan'twaittowritetoyoutoapplytobeavolunteer.；条件句和斗£谓语用法 IfIamhonoredenoughtobeacceptedasavolunteer,Iwillservetheplayersheartandsoul,usingmypatienceandcarefulnesstomakethemfeelathome.等。在词汇选择方面，则恰当地使用了多种高级词汇及短语。第二节读后续写（满分25分）47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。WhenRyanfirstturnedupforMs.Rose 'sclass,hewaskindofnervousbecausMheRbseacouldbearealmonstersometimes.ButasMs.Rosestartedwithanoverviewofwhatthey'dbedoingduringtheyearinapleasantvoice,shelookedniceenough.Thenwithamoreserioustone,shewarnedthestudentsthatshe'dbegivingthemhomeworkassignments,whichwerenottobehandedinlate,andtheyweretobecompletedfully."Noexcuses!Noextensions!”Thatdaysheassignedtheclassitsfirsthomework.Theyhadtodoasheetofmathproblemsandreadashortstory.Itwasndue'urttilThursday,butshesuggestedtheydoitimmediatelythatnight."Homeworkhasawayofpilingup,"shesaid,hereyesnarrowingslightly.ButtodaywasonlyMonday!Therewasplentyoftime,Ryanthought.Sowhenschoolwasover,Ryanandhisfriendsranofftoplaybaseball.Exhaustedafterthegame,heentertainedhimselfwithhisfavoriteTVshow,leavinghishomeworkasideonhisdesk.Dayspassedquickly.Ryanwasfreeofworriesmostofthetime,whileMs.Rosejustoccasionallyremindedthemofthedeadline,andthatshewouldn'ttolerateanyonenothavingdoneit.Wednesday,afterdinner,hesuddenlyrealizedthathishomeworkwasduenextday.Heracedtohisdeskandwasgreetedwiththemostcuriousthing.Thepileofhomeworkreallyhadgrown