定语从句复习总结

定语从句复习１．限定性定语从句２．非限定性定语从句1YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2Thisisthepenwhichheboughtyesterday.3Thenumberofthepeoplethatcometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.4ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.Canyoumakeoutthreeessentialelementsofarelativeclause?—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————定语从句三要素先行词必须为名词或者代词关系代词或关系副词1引导定语从句2代替先行词3在定语从句中担当一个成分（此为关系代词和关系副词选择的根据）定语从句其他成分1.限定性定语从句起限定作用，是主句中先行词不可或缺的定语，关系十分密切，不用逗号分开，译成汉语时通常译在先行词前，“……的”Theman_____spoketomejustnowisourteacher.Thehospital_____isbeingbuilttherewillbethelargestoneinourcity.Whoisthegirl_________youjustshookhandswith?Isthisthenewbook_____youboughtyesterday?Tomisthestudent_______pronunciationisthebestinourclass.Iliveintheroom____windowsfacesouth.Who/thatWhich/thatWho/whom/thatWhich/thatwhosewhose主格宾格所有格指代人指代物Who/thatWhom/who/that/-whoseWhich/thatWhich/that/-Whose/ofwhich当whom在从句中作介词宾语，且接在该介词之后时，只能用whom不能用who.Themanwho/whomyouweretalkingabouthascometoinspectourschool.=Themanaboutwhomyouaretalkinghascometoinspectourschool.但有些含有介词的短语动词不能与其介词分开，介词必须放在相应动词后．如lookafter,lookfor,putoff,giveup,takecareof,payattentionto等Thisistheproblem(that/which)thegovernmentshouldpayattentionto.注意分析关系代词在从句中究竟是

作宾语还是主语ThisisprofessorLi,______Ithinkhassomethinginterestingtotellus.Ithink/Ibelieve/Iknow/everybodybelieves/thinks/knowswhoWhose&ofwhichThepathwhosesidesarecoveredwithtreesextendstotheforests.Thepaththesidesofwhicharecoveredwithtreesextendstotheforests.Thepathofwhichthesidesarecoveredwithtreesextendstotheforests.关系代词只能用that的情况1.被修饰的先行词既是人又是物．

Theytalkedaboutthefactoriesandworkers

thattheyhadvisited.2.被修饰的先行词是all,much,little,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等代词时

I’minterestedinallthatyouhavetoldme.3.先行词前面有形容词最高级

ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.4.先行词前有only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,very,every,some等修饰时．

Theonlythingthatwecandoistoaskourteacher’shelp.5.先行词前面有序数词或先行词本身是序数词时．

ThefirstEnglishfilmthatIsawwas‘OliverTwist’.WhenforeignerstalkaboutChina,thefirst

thatcomestomindistheGreatWall.6.在there/herebe结构中，只用that，不用whichThereisatablethatstandsinthecorner.7.避免关联词在一个句中重复，用that

Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeechtothestudents?8.先行词在从句中充当表语，用thatHeisnolongertheboythatheusedtobe.定语从句的关系代词指人不用that宜用who的情况先行词为one,ones,anyone时

Anyone

whowantstogotocollegemuststudyhard.先行词为those时

Those

whowanttogotocollegemuststudyhard.Thereisnothing_____canbeusedtoreplacetheworkofhumanbeings.Thisisthecoolestcellphone___Ihaveeverseen.Thefirstthing___youhavetodoisfindoutthetruth.Thisistheverylaptop____Iamdyingfor.Theonlystep___wecantakeatthemomentistoworkoutthedetailsoftheplan.Thebikeknockedoveragirlandherpet___werewalkinginthefront.Thisisnotthenaughtyboy____youthoughthimtobe.Who___hasbeenhelpedbyhimcanforgethisheroicaction?Godhelpsthose____helpthemselves.Hereisthepaper____youleftbehindtheotherday.关系代词可省略的情况１．在定语从句中作宾语．２．充当介词宾语，介词在相应动词之后．Fortunately,Igotthejob(which/that)Iappliedfor.Fortunately,IgotthejobforwhichIapplied.3.在从句中作表语．Themoderncomputerisnotthemachine(that)itwaswhenfirstinvented.4.way后可省略inwhich,that.Oneof&theonlyoneofTomisoneofthestudentswho_____goodatEnglish.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____goodatEnglish.areis关系副词关系副词可以用来引导定语从句，这些副词实际上代表介词＋关系代词，在从句中作状语．Theoffice____________heworksisonthesecondfloor.Iwanttoknowthereason__________youwereabsent.Thisisthereason___________hegaveus.Istillremembertheday______________Ifirstcamehere.Theyworkinafactory____________makesradioparts._____________radiopartsaremade.Idon’tliketheway_________________youtalk.Theywereinadifficultsituation___________alleffortswereinvain.Weareinaposition____________wemaylosealargesumofmoney.Where/inwhichWhy/forwhichWhich/thatWhen/onwhichWhich/thatWhere/inwhichInwhich/that/-Where/inwhichWhere/inwhich注意Isthisthemuseum_________theancientChinesepaintingsareondisplay?Isthisthemuseum_______youvisitedtheotherday?Isthismuseum________(that)youvisitedtheotherday?theone为先行词Where/inwhichWhich/thattheone关系代词和关系副词选择难题解析1Iwillrememberthedays_________wespenttogether.2Iwillrememberthedays_________weworkedhere.1Thisistheplace__________wevisitedlastyear.2Thisistheplace__________westudiedlastyear.1Thereason_________hegavemethismorningisnottrue.2Thereason_________hewaslateforschoolisnottrue.1Isthisfactory___________youworkedlastyear?2Isthisthefactory________youworkedlastyear?1Heistheonlyoneofthestudents__________abletoworkouttheproblem.2Heisoneofthestudents___________abletoworkouttheproblem.Beingwithmyformerclassmatestogetherisahappymoment,________lwilltreasureforever.AoneBthatCitDthis２．非限定性定语从句只对主句中的先行词作附加说明，关系不密切，如果省去从句，主句表达的概念依然明确，完整．非限定性定语从句要用逗号与主句分开，不能用that连接，也不能用why连接．Shehastwosons,___arebothscientists.ThismorningImetMrLi,_____bookjustbeenpublished,Icameherebybus,_____wasverycrowded.Beijing,_______helivedforalongtime,isthecapitalofChina.Thesungivestheearthheat,_____makesitpossibleforplantstogrow.Iaskedthemtohavedinnerwithme,_______theydid.whosewhowhichwhichwhichwhereThestudents,someof_____hadalreadystartedtoleavetheclassroomwerecalledbackbytheteacher.Thesearetwodifferentwords,thespellingof_____areeasilyconfused.Hehastwosons,bothof_____aredoctors.Hehastwosons,andbothof_____aredoctors.Thegirl,____bagwasstolen,isanAmerican.whomwhichwhomthemwhoseas作关系代词的运用as在定语从句中作主语，宾语和表语，通常用于such…as…,so…as…,thesame…asHeisnotsuchafoolashelooks.thesame…as…和thesame…that…的区别：as引导的定语从句，表示它的内容与主句内容“相似”，指同一类．而that引导的定语从句表示它的内容与主句“相同”，指同一物．as可采取省略形式，that不可以比较1.Such+n.…as…,so+adj.…as…,（定从）

Itissuchaprettyhouseaseveryonewantstovisit.Itissoprettyahouseaseveryonewantstovisit.2.Such….that,so…..that(状语从句）Itissuchaprettyhousethateveryonewantstovisitit.3.Thesame…as,thesame….that(像…一类）（同一个东西或人）SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary’swedding.Sheworethesamedressasheryoungsisterwore.Iamofthesameopinionasyouare.(同一类）Heisthesameboythatcametoknockatthedooryesterday.（同一物）Hereissoheavyacaseasnoonecanmove.（定语从句，作宾语）Hereissoheavyacasethatnoonecanmoveit.（状语从句，不作成分）as引导非限定性定语从句，常用来说明整个主句，作为“正如”“像…那样”,asyouknow,asyousee,asismentionedabove,asisknowntoall,asyoumayremember…多为肯定句，固定搭配．Asisknowntoall,TaiwanisapartofChina.ItisknowntoallthatTaiwanisapartofChina.Asisexpected,thenewsistrue.Todaythelazymanarrivedontime,whichwasunexpected.“as+is/was+过去分词”中，is/was可省略．Which引导的不可以．Lincolnwasshotinatheater,as(was)describedinthisfilm.Accordingtothefollowingsentencces,canyoutellmethedifferencebetween“as”and“which”?1He