2018-2019年江苏省南京市鼓楼区金陵汇文中学八年级上学期开学考英语试卷(含答案和解析)

2018-2019学年江苏省南京市鼓楼区金陵汇文中学八年级上学期开学考英语试卷二、单项填空(共10小题;每题1分,满分10分)请仔细阅读以下各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出岀最正确选项，并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。1.Sheisonly11-year-oldgirl,sheknowsnothingaboutworld.A.a;anB.an;aC./;theD.an;the【答案】D【解析】由于11:eleven发元音，所从前面应当用不定冠词an。World特又名词，只有一个世界，前要加the，因此本题选D。2.--sleepdoyouthinkisnecessaryforateenager?--8hoursatleast.A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowmanyD.Howmuch【答案】D【解析】依据题意，问题问--你感觉对青少年来说需要多少睡眠？--最少8小时。问的是睡眠的多少，因此在howmany、howmuch里面选择，而sleep不行数要用much，因此本题选D。3.-Excuseme,mayIuseyourbicycle?isbroken.-Certainly.Butremembertoreturnitbeforelunch.A.IB.MeC.MyselfD.Mine【答案】D【解析】空白处缺乏句子主语成分，要用名词性物主代词mine“我的”代指前文提到的bicycle，我的自行车用mine，因此本题选D。4.--isitfromyourhometothesupermarket?--Onlytenminutes'walk.A.HowmanyB.HowoftenC.howlongD.Howfar【答案】D【解析】依据回答推问题。回答说只需10分钟的行程，问题应当是问有多远，用howfar。howoften问的是频次多久一次，howlong问的是时间有多长。因此本题选D。5.--Whereisyourschoollibrary?--Ourschoollibraryisthewestoftheschool,thesouthofmyclassroom.A.to;toB.in;inC.on;toD.in;to【答案】D【解析】第一个空，在学校内的西面，是学校的一部分，在学校里的方向用inthewestof;第二个空在教室的南面，不在教室里而在外面，用to，因此本题选D。6.Themoonlightgoesthewindowandmakestheroombright.A.acrossB.throughC.overD.in【答案】B【解析】本题察看介词。月光穿过窗户照亮了房间，月光是从窗户内部穿过，要用through。而across是从物体表面穿过，因此本题选B。greatfunwehadatthepartylastnight!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa【答案】A【解析】察看惋惜句。fun是不行数名词，因此本题选A。8.Mommakesmeeatanappleadaythedoctoraway.A.keepsB.iskeptC.tokeepD.keeping【答案】C【解析】句意：妈妈让我每日吃个苹果“来”远离医生。表示目的用todo，因此本题选C。9.Samlivesinaflatwithfloorsandhelivesonthefloor.A.six;sixB.sixth;sixthC.six;sixthD.sixth;six【答案】C【解析】第一个空但是表达有几层楼，用基数词six就行。后一空说他住在第六层，要用序数词sixth，所以本题选C。10.Thereaboxandtwopencilsonthedeskyesterday.A.isB.wasC.areD.were【答案】B【解析】therebe句型的就近原则，要按照“远亲不如近邻”的原则。本题去时，因此本题选B。

"be"后的主语是由and连结的两个或两个以上的名词，那么be的形式be离abox近，用单数。此后边yesterday表示此句时态应当为一般过11.--Thefollowingwordsallhave“–ed”endings.Whichofthe“–ed”d/?endingsmakesasound/IAstartedB.lovedC.playedD.kicked【答案】A【解析】A:started/'stɑ?tId/;B:loved发音/l?vd/;C:played发音[ple?d];D:kicked发音[kikt]，因此本题选A。12.Aliceisveryhelpful.IsawhertheoldcleantheirhouseswhenIpassedbytheotherday,A.helpB.helpsC.helpedD.helping【答案】D【解析】seesb.do重申看到的事实，看到的全过程。seesb.doing表示动作的连续性，句意：“当我经过的时候我看到他”我看到他正在做什么，重申"我见他正帮助老人干活"这个动作。因此本题选D。--I’mleavingfortheexam.Bye-bye,Mum.--Well,haveagoodtime.Makesureyouget___ready.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing【答案】C【解析】句意：保证每件事都准备好了，每件事除去nothing。此句是一定句，不是疑问句也不能否认句排除anything，something，填everything正确。因此本题选C。14.Weareforwardtoyouagain.A.looking;seeingB.looking;seeC.looks;toseeingD.looking;tosee【答案】A【解析】第一个空be后动词+ing，除去C。lookforwardtodoing固定搭配，因此本题选A。15.Ionly$10forthedress,becausetheygavemespecialprice.A.costB.tookC.spentD.paid【答案】D【解析】句子有for，可搭配的payfor。句子时态为一般过去时，因此本题选D。16.--Goodnews!Johnisgoingtoteachus.Hecandraw3-Dpictureswithchalk.--Isthattrue?Maybehehasteachingskillstomakeourclassinteresting.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle【答案】B【解析】skills是可数名词的复数，用few搭配，除去CD选项。句意:真的吗？也许他有一点教课技巧可以让我们的课风趣一些。这里说的有技巧而不是一点都没有，用afew。因此本题选B。17.Don’teatfoodinyourbedroom.ThefoodsmellssoAntscansmellthingsandtheywillcomesoon.A.well;wellB.good;wellC.good;goodD.well;good【答案】B【解析】smell：形容闻起来香用smellgood，形容闻这个动作用smellwell搭配。因此本题选B。18.Anoteonthetable“I’llbebackinabout2hours.”A.writesB.speakC.talksD.says【答案】D【解析】凡是书上、卡片上、标记牌上写着什么,都用read或是say，因此本题选D。19.InanEnglishdictionary(词典),whichofthefourwordscomesfirst?A.mobileB.sunnyC.pictureD.remember【答案】A【解析】词典里词的排序按首字母A-Z的字母表排序，四个选项中m排在最前面，因此本题选A。20."Rat"rhymeswith"cat".Whichwordrhymeswith"much"?A.hideB.barkC.endD.touch【答案】D【解析】much发音much/m?t?/，A选项hide发音/ha?d/，B选项bark发音/bɑ?k/，C选项end发音/end/，D选项touch发音/t?t?/。touch与much押韵，因此本题选D。三.完形填空（共10小题：每小分，满分10分）It'snevertoooldtorun.ThisisquitetrueforanoldmannamedRay.Hejustfinished75marathons（马拉）in75daysattheageof75.It（记’录sa)record(1)______canbelieve!Raywantedtoraise5,000￡foraschoolwhichhelpschildrenwithspecial(2)______,Sohedecidedtorunthemarathons.Hebeganhischallenge(挑战)inJuly(3)______his75thbirthday.Atfirst,the(4)______manjustfinishedmostofhismarathonsinandaroundhishometown.Thenhe(5)______allovertheworldtofinishall75marathons.Raywasasportsmanwhenhewasyoung.Healsoranabigcompanybefore.Duringthemarathons,heneed(6)______tokeepfit.Buthedidn’rytneedaboutothatwor.Ray’sdaughterisgoodatcooking.Shecookeddeliciousandhealthyfoodforhimforthe(7)______challenge.WhenRayfinishedhis(8)______marathon,heseemedtobeinquitegoodcondition（状态优秀).Hewasveryhappy.Buthesaid,“Insomeway.Idon’twantittoend.1(9)______whatIamgoingtodonext“ItwasawonderfultimewhenIgavesomethingtoschools.IfIcanhelp,thattoolatetorunand(10)______.

’sallIruly,wantit.’”sneverT1.A.somebodyB.nobodyC.everybodyD.anybody2.A.needsB.petsC.talksD.studies3.A.inB.atC.onD.of4.A.75yearsoldB.75-years-oldC.75yearoldD.75-year-old5.A.walkedB.flewC.droveD.swam6.A.foodB.waterC.energyD.time7.A.wholeB.excitingC.carefulD.dangerous8.A.nextB.firstC.allD.last9.A.checkB.wonderC.designD.agree10.A.hopeB.raiseC.exerciseD.help【参照答案】BACDBCADBD【思路解析】1.据句意“这个一个没人相信的记录”，选B.2.依据句意“Ray想为有特别需要的孩子的学校召募5000英镑”，选A.3.依据句意“在他75岁的诞辰”，选C.4.依据句意“那个75岁的老人刚达成他大部分的马拉松”，选D.5.依据句意“他飞往全球各地达成所有75个马拉松”，选B.6.依据下文可知“他需要能量来保持健康”，选C.7.依据句意“在整个挑战中，她为他烹调美味健康的食品”，选A.8.依据句意“当他达成了他最后一次马拉松，他忧如状态优秀”，选D.9.依据句意“我想知道我接下来将做什么”，选B.10.依据句意“事实上，再晚跑步，帮助都不算晚”，选D.四、词汇与句型（每题1分，共20分））依据句意及汉语提示，写出所缺单词。1.Tokyoisthe_______（国都）ofJapan.2.Myfatherworksasan________(工程师）inabigcompany.3.Peopleshouldsharetheir________（技术，技巧）andhelpeachother.4.Wetookthe_______（處弱的）cattotheanimalcentre.5.Theairis________(新鲜的)here.6.Themonkeysjumparoundandmakepeople_______(笑).Mycousinoftengetsuplate,soheoften________(赶忙)toschool.8.He________(点头）withasmilewhenIaskedhimtogowithme.9.Manyofthecatstodaydon'tcatch_______（老鼠）anymore.10.Mysisterisoldenoughtolookafter_______（她自己).【参照答案】capital;engineer;skills;weak;fresh;laugh;hurries;nodded;mice;herself【思路解析】1.本题察看“国都”的拼写，填capital.2.本题察看“工程师”的拼写，填engineer.3本题察看“技术，技巧”的拼写，注意填复数，填skills.4.本题察看“衰弱的”的拼写，填weak.5.本题察看“新鲜的”的拼写，填fresh.6.本题察看“笑”的拼写，填laugh.7.本题察看“赶忙”的拼写，注意用三单，填hurries.8.本题察看“点头”的拼写，注意用过去式，填nodded.9.本题察看“老鼠”的拼写，注意需要用复数，填mice.10.本题察看“她自己”的拼写，填herself.B）用所给词的正确形式填空Atlasthedecided_______(play)withus.Iwassurprised______(know)thatitwasonlyadream.Walk______(cross)thestreet,andyouwillfindthebookshop.-Whynot______(visit)ourlocalmuseumtolearnitshistorytomorrow?-That’sagoodidea.Therearealwaysmany______(visit)inBeijing.Shelivesonthe______(twenty)floor.MilliegoestotheReadingClub______(two)amonth.There______(be)somemilk,breadandchocolatesinthefridge.Theclassroomisso______(noise).Icanthearwhattheteacherissaying.Howlongdoesittake______(get)tothecenterofBeijingbyunderground?【参照答案】toplay;toknow;across;visit;visitors;twentieth;twice;is;noisy;toget;【思路解析】1.察看固定搭配。decidetodo表示决定做某事，填toplay。2.察看固定搭配。besurprisedtodo表示做某事很吃惊，填toknow。察看固定搭配。walkacross表示走过。4.察看固定搭配。whynotdo表示为何不做某事，填原型。察看名词。依据句意吗，这边应当填visitors，注意拼写。察看序数词。这边住在第二十楼，填twentieth。察看固定搭配。一月两次，填twice。8.察看therebe句型，后边是milk不行数，填is。察看形容词，喧华的填noisy。察看句型ittakes+人+时间+todo，因此填toget。C)句型变换Mydreamhouseisbigandbeautiful.（划线发问）______yourdreamhouse______?2.Sheisn’toldenough.Shecan’ttakecare．（合of并herself为一句）Sheis_________________takecareofherself.3.Howamazingthefactis!（同义句）____________amazingfactitis!Rickycouldplaythepianowhenhewassixyearsold.（同义句）Rickywas______toplaythepianoatthe______ofsix.5.hot,rubbish,not,do,bin,anything,put,into,the(.)（连词成句）______________________________________________________【参照答案】What’slike;tooyoungto;Whatan;able,age;Donotputanythinghotintotherubbishbin.【思路解析】1.察看特别疑问句。问道某物怎么样，用what’slike发问。2.同义句变换。她不是足够的年长来照料她自己，即她太年青了而不可以照料自己，填tooyoungtodo。察看惋惜句。what+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语。察看同义短语。could=beableto，attheageof代表“···岁”。依据句意“请不要将任何热的动词放入垃圾桶”。D）依据所给中文，达成以下句子她从那此后就改变了饮食习惯。Shehaschangedthehabitofdiet________________________.Jenny足够强壮能挪动那个重箱子。Jennyisstrong__________________theheavybox.我们可以为希望工程召募款项。Wecan___________________ProjectHope.她从不担忧由于我们把她照料得好。Sheneverworriesbecausewe__________________________.我们希望着赶忙收到你们的来信。Welookforwardto_____________________soon.【参照答案】sincethen;enoughtocarry;raisemoneyfor;takegoodcareofher;hearingfromyou;【思路解析】从“那此后”是sincethen.足“够强壮做某事”是strongenoughtodosth.。3.捐“款”是raisemoneyfor。4.照“顾得好”是takegoodcareof。5.收“到来信”是hearfromsb.。注意lookforwardto后边加现在分词。五、任务型阅读（10’）Doyouknowhowtokeepfishathome?Thefishneedroom(空间).Theymustnotbecrowded（拥堵）.Fishneedoxygen(氧气).Fishgetitfromwaterinthetank.Theremustbeenoughwaterforallfishinthetank.Sothesizeofthetankisimportant.Inthetankmanypeopleputsmallplants.Theygiveoxygentothewater.Plantshelpinotherways,too.Fishcannibble(轻咬)ontheplants.Theyhideintheplantsandsleep,layeggsthere.Boththeplantsandfishneedlight.Youcanputitnearawindow.Itwillgetlightthere.Butremember:awindowmayletcoldairin.Thecoldcankill(杀死)yourfish.Toohotwatercankillyourfish,too.Thefishneedfoodandyoushouldfeedthemeveryday.Givingthemtoomuchfoodisbad.Itwillmakethewaterdirty.However,thefishshouldgetjustenoughfood.Theyshouldfinishthefoodin10minutes.Noextra(节余)isleft.Whenthishappens,theamount(数目)offoodisright.Howtokeepfishathome（1）______ReasonsFishneedenoughroombecausetheywillbe1.The(2)___ofthetankisimportantcrowdedinasmalltank.Theyneed(3)____waterbecausetheygetoxygenfromit.2.YoucanputsmallplantsinthetankPlantscangiveoxygentothewater,theyalsogivea(4)___tofishtohide,sleepandlayeggsLightis(6)____forfishandplants.Itcangetin3.Youcanputthetank(5)___awindow,butthroughthewindow.Butyoushouldn’t(7)____don’tletcoldairin.coldaircanalsogetinandcoldairwillkillyourfish.Toomuchfoodmakeswater(9)_____easily.4.Feedthefisheverydaybutnottoo(8)_____Whenfishcanfinish(10)___foodin10minutes,theamountoffoodisright.【参照答案】Wayssizeenoughplacenearimportantforgetmuchdirtyeating【思路解析】1.依据左侧表格及第一句话，可看出此处应填方法Ways,要注意首写字母大写。2.依据Sothesizeofthetankisimportant可知，填size3.依据Fishneedoxygen(氧气).Fishgetitfromwaterinthetank.Theremustbeenoughwaterforallfishinthetank.可知，填enough.4.依据Theygiveoxygentothewater.Plantshelpinotherways,too.Fishcannibble(轻咬)ontheplants.Theyhideintheplantsandsleep,layeggsthere.可知，填place。5.依据Youcanputitnearawindow.可知，填near。6.依据Boththeplantsandfishneedlight.可知，填necessary/important7.依据Butremember:awindowmayletcoldairin可知，填forget8.依据Givingthemtoomuchfoodisbad.可知9.依据Itwillmakethewaterdirty可知10.依据Theyshouldfinishthefoodin10minutes可知六、首字母填空（10）InJanuarythisyear,peoplefoundabottleonabeachinWestAustralia.Therewasamessageinthebottle（漂流瓶）.AGermansailor（水手)threwthebottleintotheseainJune1886.Thatwas132yearsa(1)___!Itistheworld’soldestknown—messageinabottle.Atthetime,Germansailorsusedmessagesinbottlestostud