广东省广州市从化第二中学（从化二中）2021-2022学年高三英语期末试题含解析

广东省广州市从化第二中学（从化二中）2021-2022学年高三英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Someverycommonthingssuchas

tothesunforalongtimewilldoharmtopeople'sskinandevencauseskincancer． A．exposing

B．beingexposed C．havingexposed

D．exposed参考答案：B2.Therewas________time________Ihatedtogotoschool.A.a;that

B.a;when

C.the;that

D.the;when参考答案：B3.Onlyinthisway

tomakeimprovementintheoperatingsystem.A.youcanhope B.youdidhope

C.canyouhope

D.didyouhope参考答案：C4.About____oftheworkersinthatsteelworks____youngpeople.

A.thirdfifths,are

B.threefifths,are

C.threefifths,is

D.threefifth,are参考答案：B5.______isknowntousallisthattheoldscientist,for______lifewashardinthepast,stillworksveryhardinhiseighties．A.As;whom

B.What;whom

C.It;whose

D.What;whose参考答案：B6.MysisterandIhadaquarrelover________should

washdishes.

A.whoitwas

thatB.itwaswhothatC.whomitwasthatD.itwaswhomthat参考答案：A7.-Thewindowisdirty.

-Iknow.It___________forweeks.A.hasn’tcleaned B.didn’tclean C.wasn’tcleaned D.hasn’tbeencleaned参考答案：D8.Notdrinkingenoughwater______leadtoheadacheandpoorphysicalperformance.A.can B.must

C.should

D.need参考答案：A试题解析：句意：不喝足够的水会导致头痛，身体状况也会变差。can表“能，能够”。故选A。9.BecauseBobhadstoppedreadingthetechnicaljournals,hewas

ofnewdevelopment.A.unknown

B.similar

C.unfamiliar

D.ignorant参考答案：D10.It

beagoodmovie—itsreviewswereverygood．

A．can

B．should

C．might

D．need参考答案：B

11.--Ourholidaycostalotofmoney.--Didit?Well,thatdoesn'tmatter__youenjoyedyourselves.A.evenif

B.incase

C.asfaras

D.aslongas参考答案：D12.Allthedishesinthismenu,_____otherwisestated,willservetwotothreepeople.A.as

B.if C.though

D.unless参考答案：D解析：考查连词的用法。本题的难点就在于中间部分的翻译。全句意思是：在这份菜单上的所有菜，除非另外说明，会给二到三个人食用。Unless除非。13.Richardsaveduphismoney______hemightgoabroadforhissummerholiday. A.incase

B.nowthat C.asif D.sothat参考答案：D14.Thecaveis_____tothepublic,highupthefaceofacliffwhichnoonecanclimb.

A.inadequate

B.inconvenient

C.impossible

D.inaccessible参考答案：D略15.Anntalkedaboutthepeopleandthings_______movedhergreatlyduringherstaythere.A.who

B.that

C.which

D.what参考答案：B16._____moreeffectivelywithothers,moreandmorepeopleequipthemselveswitha

highereducation.

A.Compete

B.Beingcompeted

C.Tocompete

D.Competing参考答案：C二、填空17.Inworkplacesandfamiliesacrosstheworld,peopletendtocommunicateontheInternet.Wesendendlessemails;wevideochatratherthantravelacrossthetowntomeet.Actually,sittingdownandinteractingwithsomeoneinpersoncanseemlikearareluxurynowadays.Butastechnologydevelops,arewelosingourabilitytoconnectandempathize(移情)withothers?Empathyistheabilitytofeelanotherperson’semotionsandunderstandhis/herviews.Inthepastfewdecades,researchershaveemphasizedourabilitytoliterallyreadothers.Thewayweusuallytrytodetectotherpeople’semotionsisthroughtheirfacialexpressions—theireyesinparticular.Wearetoldthat“theeyesarethewindowsofthesoul,andeyecontactiscertaincriticalinempathy.”However,empathyreliesonmorethanreadingfacialexpressions.Newresearchsuggestsourvoicecangreatlyhelpusconnect.AnewstudybyMichaelKrausfromYaleUniversityhasfoundthatoursenseofhearingmaybeevenstrongerthanoursightwhenitcomestoaccuratelydetectingpeople’semotions.Inotherwords,youmaybeabletosensesomeone’semotionalstateevenbetteroverthephonethaninperson.Krausconductedthreeexperimentstoarriveattheconclusion.Inalltheseexperiments,theparticipantsgavethebestperformancewhentheyonlyheardpeoplesvoices(comparedtowhentheylookedatfacialexpressionsalone,orlookedatfacialexpressionsandheardvoices).Inseveralfollow-upstudies,Krausdirectedhisattentiontowhythevoiceissuchapowerfulmodeofempathy.Heaskedtheparticipantstodiscussadifficultworksituationoveravideoconferencingplatformusingeitherjustthemicrophoneorthemicrophoneandthevideo.Onceagain,theparticipantsweremoreaccurateatdetectingpeople’semotionsinvoice-onlycalls.Whenweonlylistentothevoice,hefound,wesimplyfocusmoreonthenuances(细微差别)asthespeakersexpressthemselves.Howcanwegetbetteratinterpretingemotionsinthevoicesofourcoworkersandlovedones?Thereisn’tmuchresearchsofarexploringthisquestionspecifically.Onestudyonbabies,criessuggestedthatparentswithmoremusicaltrainingwerebetteratdistinguishingcriesofdistressfromothertypesofcries.But,really,wemightnotneedmuchtraining.Krausfoundthat,onceyouremoveotherinputs(likefacialexpressions),yourattentionnaturallysharpenswhenitcomestovoicemessages.Besides,thehumanabilitytocatchnuancesinvoicesmayhaveofferedastrongevolutionaryadvantagetoourancestors,whichhelpedensuresurvival.You’remoreemotionallyonthephoneAquestiontoanswer●Nowadays____51____communicationhasgainedgreatpopularity,whichdramatically____52____real-lifeinteractions.Insuchasituation,canwestillconnectandempathizewithothers?A____53____beliefaboutempathy●Humanstendtounderstandwhatotherpeopleare____54____bydetectingtheirfacialexpressions,especiallyfromtheireyes.Anewstudyaboutempathy●Thenewstudywas____55____onthreeexperiments,whichsuggestedthattheparticipantsweremost____56____indetectingpeople'semotionswhentheyonlyheardtheirvoices.A(n)____57____ofthenewstudy●Thevoiceisapowerfulmodeofempathy,becauseitmakespeoplestay____58____onthevoicemessages.Otherdiscoveries●Accordingtoastudyonbabies'cries,musicaltrainingisa____59____tobetterabilitytolistenforempathy.●Theabilitytolistenwasanimportantreasonwhyourancestorswereableto_____60_____

参考答案：51.online/Internet

52.reduces/decreases

53.traditional/conventional/previous

54.feeling

55.based/dependent

56.accurate/precise

57.explanation/result

58.focused/concentrated

59.contributor

60.survive这是一篇说明文。研究表明人的声音在人与人之间的沟通交流中起着重要的作用。【51题详解】由第一段“Inworkplacesandfamiliesacrosstheworld,peopletendtocommunicateontheInternet”(在世界各地的工作场所和家庭中，人们倾向于通过互联网进行交流。)可知，通过互联网交流受到很多人的欢迎。故填online/Internet。【52题详解】由第一段“Actually,sittingdownandinteractingwithsomeoneinpersoncanseemlikearareluxurynowadays”(事实上，坐下来和别人面对面交流似乎是一种难得的奢侈。)可知，互联网交流减少了人们现实生活的沟通。故填reduces/decreases。【53题详解】由第二段“Inthepastfewdecades,researchershaveemphasizedourabilitytoliterallyreadothers”(在过去的几十年里，研究人员强调了我们阅读他人的能力。)可知，这是先前对于移情的看法。故填traditional/conventional/previous。【54题详解】由第二段“Thewayweusuallytrytodetectotherpeople’semotionsisthroughtheirfacialexpressions—theireyesinparticular.”(我们通常是通过别人的面部表情——尤其是他们的眼睛——来发现他们的情绪。)可知，人类往往通过观察他人的面部表情来理解他人的感受，特别是从他们的眼睛。故填feeling。【55题详解】由第三段“Krausconductedthreeexperimentstoarriveattheconclusion.”(克劳斯进行了三次实验得出结论。)可知，新研究以三个实验为基础。故填based/dependent。【56题详解】由第五段“Inalltheseexperiments,theparticipantsgavethebestperformancewhentheyonlyheardpeoplesvoices”(在所有这些实验中，参与者在只听到人们的声音时表现得最好。)可知，参与者只听到他们的声音时，他们最能准确地检测到人们的情绪。故填accurate/precise。【57题详解】由第四段“Inseveralfollow-upstudies,Krausdirectedhisattentiontowhythevoiceissuchapowerfulmodeofempathy”(一些后续的研究中，克劳斯把他的注意力引向为什么声音有如此强大的移情方式。)可知，克劳斯对为什么声音有如此强大的移情方式进行了解释。故填explanation/result。【58题详解】由第四段“Whenweonlylistentothevoice,hefound,wesimplyfocusmoreonthenuances(细微差别)asthespeakersexpressthemselves.”(他发现，当我们只听声音的时候，我们只是把注意力放在说话者表达自己时的细微差别上。)可知，说话的人把注意力集中于声音信息。故填focused/concentrated。【59题详解】由第五段“Onestudyonbabies,criessuggestedthatparentswithmoremusicaltrainingwerebetteratdistinguishingcriesofdistressfromothertypesofcries.”(一项关于婴儿、哭声的研究表明，受过更多音乐训练的父母更善于区分悲伤的哭声和其他类型的哭声。)可知，音乐训练有助于提高倾听他人感受的能力。故填contributor。【60题详解】由第五段“Besides,thehumanabilitytocatchnuancesinvoicesmayhaveofferedastrongevolutionaryadvantagetoourancestors,whichhelpedensuresurvival.(此外，人类捕捉声音细微差别的能力可能为我们的祖先提供了强大的进化优势，这有助于确保生存。)可知，倾听的能力是我们祖先得以生存的一个重要原因。故填survive。18.ItispredictedthattheChinesespacestationwillbebuiltmostlybymachine.Chinahopestohavethespacestation___9___(complete)by2022anditisexpectedtooperateforatleast10years.Chinaalsoplanstolandaprobe（探测器）onMarsby2020.Untilnow,Chinahascompleteda

totaloffivemannedspacemissions.And,

in2003,it

___10___(successful)landedaprobeonthemoon.参考答案：9.completed

10.successfully本段讲述中国未来的空间站计划，中国希望到2022年建成空间站，预计至少运行10年。【9题详解】考查动词时态。句意：中国希望该空间站在2022年前完工。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故complete只能做非谓语，与逻辑主语构成被动关系，故用过去分词completed。【10题详解】考查副词。句意：它成功地在月球上发现了一个探测器。landed为动词，需要副词形式修饰，故填successfully。三、阅读理解19.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Acrosstheplanettherearemillionsofpeoplewhoengageinsometypeofmeditation,thepracticeofconcentratingandclearingthemindtobringthebodyintoastateofpeace,atleastasemi-regularbasis.Forsome,particularlyamongpractitionersofEasternreligionssuchasBuddhismandHinduism,thisispartandparceloftheirreligiouspractice.Forothers,particularlyinWesterncultures,meditationtendstobearesponsetostress.Withtheworldeconomyapproachingmeltdownandpeopleworriedabouttheirjobortheirabilitytokeeptheirhome,it’sawayforpeopletoattainastateofpeaceofmindandwell-being.Forthoseinterestedintakingupthepractice,instructioninmeditationforbeginnerscanbefoundinliterallythousandsofsources.OneofthemostpopularstylesofmediationintheWest,withclassesofferedinmostmajorcities,iscalledTranscendentalMeditation.TM,asitisknownamongitspractitioners,firstcametoworldwideattentionwhentheBeatlesbeganpracticingitin1967.Fordirect,guided,personalinstructioninmeditationforthebeginner,TMmaybethehallmark.Partoftheconfusionabouthowtopracticemeditationeffectivelyisduetothefactthatthereareliterallyhundredsoftechniqueschampionedbyvariousgroupsandindividuals.Asageneralprinciple,itmightbesaidthatallmeditationtechniquesseektohavethepractitionerattainastateofconsciousnessthatisdifferenttoourordinarystateofawareness.Theyattempttotrainpeopletocleartheirmindsandachieveasenseofinnerpeace.Itsoundssimpleenough,butofthehugenumberofpeopleexperimentwithmeditation,veryfewareabletomaintainitspracticeoverthelonghaul.Inmostcases,thisisduetofrustrationovertheinabilitytoexperienceanydramatic,instantlyrecognizableeffects.Thisisquiteasadstateofaffairs,thatsofewthesedaysarewillingorequippedtopersistinsomethingthatdoesn’tprovideimmediatelife-changingresults.Itreflectsacultureinwhichdemandsfordisciplineandsustainedeffortareconsideredunnecessaryorevenunfair.Itisnosurprisethereforethatmanypeopleabandontheireffortsatmeditationbeforetheyhaveachancetobearfruit.Butforanyonewhodoesdecidetotakeupthisworthwhilepractice,pleasere