高中英语语法名词性从句

高中英语语法名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句4.同位语从句1.主语从句(1)连接词whether\ifthat(2)连接代词Who/whoeverWhom/whomeverwhoseWhat/whateverWhich/whichever(3)连接副词whenwhywherehow名词性从句的引导词：Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.

{

{名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语表语3.主语从句：（subjectclause)在一个完整的句子里,主语部分还含有主谓两大部分结构的句子叫主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词不能省略。例:谁去这不重要。Whowillgoisnotimportant.主语例:我们需要的是更多的时间。Whatweneedismoretime.主语例:他住在哪里我们都不知道。Wherehelivesisunknowntous.主语例:不太清楚她为什么迟到。Whyshewaslateisunclear.主语例:这本书怎么销售取决于它的作者。Howthebookwillbesolddependsonitswriter.1Thathewillsucceediscertain.2Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3Whathesaidisnottrue.4Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5Whoevercomesiswelcome.6Howwecanhelpthetwins

willbediscussedatthemeeting.7

Whenthey’llstarttheproject

hasnotbeendecidedyet.SubjectClause主语从句Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.

{Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowthatheisateacher.

{宾语宾语4.宾语从句：(objectclause)用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。一般放在及物动词，介词后。例:我希望一切都好。Ihope(that)everythingwillbeallright.动宾例:你知道他在哪里吗？Doyouknowwhereheis?动宾例:对于他说的话，我感到很惊讶。Iwassurprisedatwhathesaid.介宾例:我认为他们知道怎样做这个练习。Ithoughtthattheyknewhowtodothisexercise.动宾*宾语从句从句中,连词that只起连接作用,没有实际作用,可以省略,而其他的关连词却不能省略。宾语从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、）Theyknowthat

thehabitwillkillthem.Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.Ifinditnecessarythat

weshoulddothehomework.Tellthefunctionofthefollowingclauses在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.

由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略.Hetoldme（that）hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.2.that在宾语从句中的省略与保留5.表语从句：表语从句:在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.对主语进行解释说明。例:问题是谁能去那里。Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere.表语例:那是他为什么迟到的原因。Thatiswhyhewaslate.表语例:问题是我们什么时候得到答案。Thequestioniswhenwe’llgettheanswer.表语例:问题不是谁去，而是谁留下来。Theproblemisnotwhowillgobutwhowillstay.表语4.同位语从句：同位语从句通常放在要求有具体内容的名词（如：fact,truth,doubt,suggestion,idea,question,problem,hope,thought,fear等。）后面，用来解释或说明前面名词的具体内容。Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.同位语从句例:我们明天放假的消息不是真的.Thenewsthatwearehavingaholidaytomorrowisnottrue.同位语从句1)Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2)WordcamethatNapoleonwascomingtoinspectthem.3)SydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight._____________________________________________________

Thefact

that

twothirdsofallgirlsareonadiet

worriestheirparentsandteachersalot._____________________________________________________________Weheardthenewslastnightthat

theQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina.4.Timetravelispossible./Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea.5.Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime./Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.3.Teenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyBritishparentsholdtheview._______ManyBritishparentsholdtheview

that

teenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.____________________________Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea

that

timetravelispossible.______________________________________________________Thesuggestion

that

Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.

1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If2.Iwonder____youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what3.Thisis_____hewasoftenlateforschool.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether4.Weallknowthetruth____theearth____aroundthesun.A.if;movedB.that;movesC.why;moveD.whether;move主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句PracticeAtlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.Whatsurprisedmemostwasthattheoldmancouldn’tseeanything.ThefactthatPollydidn’taskfortheman’snameisapity.PredictiveClause(表语从句)ObjectClause(宾语从句)SubjectClause(主语从句)AppositiveClause同位语从句Findclausesfromthefollowingsentencesandtellthefunctionsofthem“It”isusedasemptysubject形式主语为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.1.Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.2.Itisnotknownwhetherhewillgothere.3.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhenthey’llstarttheproject.4.Itworriesherabitthatherhairwasturninggrey.It’slikely/possible/important/necessary/clear

that…很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…

It’ssaid/reportedthat…据说/据报道…

Itseems/appears/happensthat…显然、明显、碰巧..It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布…It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…

It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(众所周知）/acommonsaying（俗话说）that…在下列句型中常使用that引导主语从句分析下列宾语从句中的连词Idon’tdoubt（that）youwillsucceed.Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcometonight.Idoubtif/whetheryouwillkeepyourpromise.3个句子中的连词that,whether,if（是否）在名词性从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分,被称为连接词注意：A.that本身无意义，在宾语从句中可以省略，但在别的三种名词性从句中不可以省略。B.whether和if有是否的意义，在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换。但whether可以用于所有的四种名词性从句，而if仅可以用于宾语从句。引导名词从句的关联词。连接词一、名词性从句的语序（1）名词性从句构成有两种a.That+陈述句Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.

Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.名词性从句考点归纳b.疑问词+句子的剩余成分(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句

语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()

Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？

FTTF他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。

Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()

Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?()二、名词性从句连接词的选用（1）that和what的选用that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。

但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名

词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主

语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从

句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。that/what1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.

4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.

5.Is_____hetoldustrue?

6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.

7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.

8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.

WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat

a.主语从句

b.表语从句

c.同位语从句

e.介词后的宾语从句

f.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo.

gwhetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.动词discuss后if和whether的选用不能使用if的情况：

1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenair

tomorrowdependsontheweather.

3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.

4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.

5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.

7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion

______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

8.Idon’tknow_______togo.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherif/whether其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、

how

等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。

我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。

________weshallholdoursportsmeetingis

notdecided.

我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。

Idon’tknow_________broketheglassyesterday.

我不知道他长的什么样子。

Ihavenoidea_________helookslike.

这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。

Thisis_________Ileftmyglasses.

Whenwhowhatwherethat可省略的情况：

that不可省略的情况：

主语从句

表语从句

同位语从句

用it做形式宾语的宾语从句

并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的

引导词that不能省略引导词that的省略单个宾语从句中的that可省略1.Idon’tthink________sheiscoming.

2.Itisapity________hehasmadesuchamistake.

3.Thereasonis_________heiscareless.

4.Thenews________ourteamwonthematch

inspiredus.

5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary_________youshould

readEnglishaloud.

6.Hetoldme__________hisfatherhaddied

and__________hehadtomakealivingalone.

(that)thatthatthatthat(that)thatthat/(that)1.同位语从句的格式：2.能接同位语从句的名词有：that,也可根据含义选用

三、同位语从句的引导和辨别n.+连接词+从句

order,belief,suggestion,advice,information等

whether,what,when,where等来引导同位语从句。fact、idea,1.Ihavenoidea_________hecomesfrom.

2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion________he

gotthemoney.

3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions________we

shouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.

4.Ihavenodoubt________hewillwin.

5.Ihavesomedoubt________hewillwin.wherehowthatthatwhetherthat/whether/where/how1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.同位语从句和定语从句的区别1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.

2.Weexpressedthehopethattheywouldcome

toChinaagain.1.Theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity.

2.Theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue.定从同从同从定从AttributiveorAppositive1.Thereason______wedidn'ttrusthimwas______heoftenlied．reason____hegaveforhisabsentwas______hewasill.whythatthatthatPracticetime1.Theyexpressedthehope___theywouldcomeovertoChina.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.when2.Thefact___hedidn’tseeTomyesterdayistrue.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what3.Ihavenoidea____hewillcomeback.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.thatChoosethebestanswer4.Thenews___surprisedeverybodyyesterdaynowprovesto

befalse.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how5.Oneofthemenheldtheview___thebooksaidwasright.A.whatthatB.thatwhichC.thatwhatD.whichthat6.Wordhascome___someAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourcollegenextweek.A.whatB.whetherc.thatD.which7.Thequestionis____thefilmisworthseeing.A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.how8.Theyreceivedorders_____theworkbedoneatonce.A.whichB.whenC./D.that9.Thereason____Ihavetogois____mymotherisillinbed.A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because10.___Ican’tunderstandis___shewantstochangehermind.A.What;whyB.Which;howC.That;whyD.What;because11.____hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Evenif12.Itisknowntous___wherethereispollution,thereisharm.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that13.Ihavetheinformation____.A.ofwhathe’llcomesoonB.thathe’llcomesoonC.ofthathe’llcomesoonD.hiscomingsoon14.---Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.---____itmademenearlymad.A.ThathebrokeB.WhathebrokeC.HebrokeD.Hisbreak15.Itremainsaquestion____wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.A.howB.thatC.whenD.what16.---CanIhelpyou?---Yes,doyouknow____?A.whencomesthebusB.whenwillcomethebusC.whendoesthebuscomeD.whenthebuscomes17.Hemadeapromise___anyonesethimfreehewouldmakehimveryrich.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.thatif18.Theylosttheirwayintheforestand____mademattersworsewas___nightbegantofall.A.what;thatB.it;thatC.what;whenD.which;what1.Itnowappears______theyareinneedofhelp.A.that B.which C.whatD.how2.Itisgoodnews______theywillarriveinafewdays.A.whichB.what C.thatD.how3.It______Joedrivesbadly.A.thoughtthat B.thinksthatC.isthoughtthat D.isthoughtthat4.It______heislateforclass.A.maythat B.mightthatC.maybethat D.mightbewhat5.Thisis______shewasborn.A.whereB.which C.thatD.what6.Thequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday.A.thatB.what C.whichD.when7.Thequestionis______itisworthdoing.A.ifB.whether C.whichD.what8.Thereasonwhyhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_______hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.why C.thatD.what9.Mysuggestionis______weshouldturnthelandintoricefields.A.whatB.that C.whichD.where10.Hisproposalisthatthedam______atthefootofthemountain.A.buildB.willbuild C.bebuiltD.willbebuilt11.Myadviceisthathe______regularhouse.A.keepB.wouldkeep C.keepsD.kept12.______knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.A.WhothatB.Whoever C.WhomthatD.Thatwho13.Weallknowthetruth_____theearthgoesroundthesun.A.thatB.which C.whatD.whether14.Weheardthenews______ourteamhadwon.A.w