第二讲摘要写作

InstituteofAgro-Bioengineering,GuizhouUniversity

XiaopengWenxpwensc@Tel13809499419Chapter2:TitleandAbstract科技论文的结构一般来说，科技论文应具备3个特点：准确、客观、逻辑性强。论述时应做到概念准确、结论明确、推理合乎逻辑，同时应保证科学的严密性。1.Title标题不宜太长，应点名主题、提纲洁领、简明扼要、严谨规范，使人一目了然。论文的标题多为名词短语，或为一句话，要尽量避免使用从句、不定式短语、介词短语。尽量不要用“Study”。1.TitleRegulationofglutaminesynthetaseisoformsintwodifferentiallydrought-tolerantrice(OryzasativaL.)cultivarsunderwaterdeficitconditionsTransformationofminiaturepottedrose(Rosahybrida

cv.Linda)withPSAG12-iptgenedelaysleafsenescenceandenhancesresistancetoexogenousethyleneHemeoxygenaseisinvolvedinH2O2-inducedlateralrootformationinapocynin-treatedrice1.TitleIdentificationofdifferentiallyexpressedgenespreferablyrelatedtodroughtresponseinpigeonpea(Cajanuscajan)inoculatedbyarbuscularmycorrhizaefungi(AMF)Identificationofdifferentially-expressedgenespotentiallyrelatedtostresstoleranceinatransgeniclineofEuropeanpearover-expressinganapplespermidinesynthasegene(MdSPDS1)1.TitleAntisenseinhibitionofaspermidinesynthasegenehighlightstheroleofpolyaminesforstressalleviationinpearshootssubjectedtosalinityandcadmium.Theenhancementofdroughttoleranceforpigeonpeainoculatedbyarbuscularmycorrhizaefungi.Highspermidinelevelsareimplicatedinenhancedheavymetaltoleranceinaspermidinesynthase-overexpressingtransgenicEuropeanpearby

exertingantioxidantactivities.Aluminumtoleranceinaspermidinesynthase-overexpressingtransgenicEuropeanpeariscorrelatedwiththeenhancedlevelofspermidineviaalleviatingoxidativestatus.1.Title1.TitleOverexpressionoftheapplespermidinesynthasegeneinpearconfersmultipleabioticstresstolerancebyalteringpolyaminetiters.

Genomicorganization,rapidevolutionandmeioticinstabilityofNBS-encodinggenesinanewfruitcrop“chestnutrose”.1.TitleMolecularcloningandexpressionanalysisofanargininedecarboxylasegenefrompeach(Prunuspersica).CloningoftwoclassesofPRgenesandthedevelopmentofSNAPmarkersforpowderymildewresistancelociinchestnutrose(RosaroxburghiiTratt)1.TitlePhylogeneticandevolutionaryanalysisofNBS-encodinggenesinRosaceaefruitcrops.Chestnutrose(RosaroxburghiiTratt):apromisinggeneticresourceforfruitandornamentexploitationinChina.1.TitleGeneticdiversityofPoncirusaccessionsasrevealedbyamplifiedfragmentlengthpolymorphism(AFLP).Polyaminebiosynthesisofapplecallusundersaltstress:importanceofargininedecarboxylasepathwayinstressresponse.1.TitleEfficientplantregenerationandgeneticfidelityassessementofinvitro-derivedplantsofDendrobiumnobile–anendangeredmedicinalandornamentalherb.Promisinggeneticresourcesforresistancetopowderymildewinchestnutrose(RosaroxburghiiTratt)anditsrelativesinChina.1.TitleMicropropagationofchestnutrose(RosaroxburghiiTratt)andgeneticstabilityassessmentoftheinvitroplantsusingRAPDandAFLPmarkers.Plantregenerationfromimmaturezygoticembryosofchestnutrose(RosaroxburghiiTratt)throughorganogenesis.1.TitleIsolationofTIRandnonTIRNBS-LRRresistancegeneanaloguesandidentificationofmolecularmarkerslinkedtoapowderymildewresistancelocusinchestnutrose(RosaroxburghiiTratt).CharacterizationofgeneticrelationshipsofRosaroxburghiiTrattanditsrelativesusingmorphologicaltraits,RAPDandAFLPmarkers2.Abstract一般只有一段，要求简明扼要；要兼顾完整性、连贯性和逻辑性，同时还应突出重点。应包括以下内容：1）立题的依据；2）主要工作；3）主要结果及意义。摘要：本文以64份贵州地方樱桃种质及红灯和黑珍珠两个栽培品种为试材，采用ISSR标记进行遗传多样性分析，为贵州樱桃资源的开发和利用提供参考。结果表明，从90条ISSR引物中筛选出21条稳定性强、谱带清晰及多态性丰富的引物进行PCR扩增，共获得228个标记，其中多态性标记为199个，多态性比例为87.28%；1.贵州樱桃种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析采用NTSYS2.01软件计算，相似系数为0.49~0.90，表明贵州地方樱桃资源的遗传多样性丰富；UPGMA聚类分析显示，毕节、遵义及黔南等地资源具有最丰富的遗传多样性，尤其毕节地区拥有大量品质优良的资源，可作为品质育种的亲本。1.贵州樱桃种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析贵州樱桃种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析GeneticDiversityofCherryGermplasmsfromGuizhouProvinceasRevealedbyISSRMakersInthecurrentwork,geneticdiversityof64cherry（Prunuspseudocerasu）accessionsfromGuizhouProvince,aswellascultivarsHongdengandBlackPearl,wasinvestigated/revealed/unraveled/elucidatedusingISSRmarkers.Tosatisfythedemandoffurtherexploitationandutility,geneticdiversityof64cherry（Prunuspseudocerasu）accessionsfromGuizhouProvince,aswellascultivarsHongdengandBlackPearl,wasinvestigatedusingISSRmarkersinthecurrentwork.本文以64份贵州地方樱桃种质资源及红灯和黑珍珠两个栽培品种为试材，采用ISSR标记技术对其进行遗传多样性分析，为贵州樱桃资源的开发和利用提供参考。Atotalof228markerswerescored/obtained/gainedfromthe21primers,whichwerescreenedoutfrom90primersanddemonstratedhighlyreproducible,clearandpolymorphicbands.Amongtheobtainedmarkers,199werepolymorphic,accountingfor87.28%ofthetotal.结果表明，从90条ISSR引物中筛选出21条稳定性强、条带清晰及多态性丰富的引物进行PCR扩增，共获得228个标记，其中多态性标记为199个，多态性比例为87.28%；Asanalyzed/computedbyNTSYS2.01,thegeneticsimilarityamongtheaccessionsrangedfrom0.49to0.90,reflecting/indicating/mirroring/suggestingthehighgeneticdiversityofcherrygermplasmsinGuizhouProvince.采用NTSYS2.01软件计算，相似系数为0.49~0.90，表明贵州地方樱桃资源的遗传多样性丰富；TheUPGMAdendrogramdemonstrated/indicatedthattheaccessionsfromBijie,ZunyiandQiannanareasweremoregeneticallydiversified.InparticulartheaccessionsfromBijieexhibitedthehighestdegreeofdiversityinfruitquality,whichmaybeusedaselitematerialsforfurthergeneticimprovementinthisspecies.UPGMA聚类分析显示，毕节、遵义及黔南等地资源具有最丰富的遗传多样性，尤其毕节地区拥有大量品质优良的资源，可作为品质育种的亲本。2.半夏的缓慢生长法保存及体细胞遗传变异的ISSR检测

本文以半夏试管苗为材料，探讨了不同浓度的甘露醇、PP333和ABA对半夏延缓生长的保存效应，并采用ISSR标记对保存材料再生植株的体细胞遗传变异进行了检测。结果表明，三种物质均能有效抑制半夏试管苗的生长，保存10M而不继代，存活率高；与正常继代试管苗相比，再生植株的形态、增殖倍数和生根能力没有显著差异，最佳浓度分别为甘露醇2%-4%，PP3332.0mg·L-1，ABA2.0-4.0mg·L-1。在添加了2%-4%甘露醇或2.0mg•L-1PP333的培养基上，保存植株经ISSR分子检测，未检测到变异；而保存在添加了2.0-4.0mg•L-1ABA培养基上的植株，出现了1条新增标记，1条缺失标记，位点变异率为1.6%，个体变异率为30%。因此，ABA不宜用于半夏试管苗的缓慢生长法保存，但有助于新突变体的产生，在半夏种质创新上具有特殊意义。2.半夏的缓慢生长法保存及体细胞遗传变异的ISSR检测

半夏的缓慢生长法保存及体细胞遗传变异的ISSR检测SlowGrowthConservationofPinelliaternateanditsSomaclonalVariationasDetectedbyISSRMarkersEffectsofthevarious/diverse/differentconcentrationsofeithermannitol,PP333,orABAonslowgrowthofinvitro

Pinelliaternatewereinvestigated,andthesomaclonalvariationwasfurtherassessed/detectedusingISSRmarkerinthecurrentwork.本文以半夏试管苗为材料，探讨了不同浓度的甘露醇、PP333和ABA对半夏延缓生长的保存效应，并采用ISSR标记对保存材料后代再生植株的体细胞遗传变异进行了检测。结果表明，三种物质均能有效抑制半夏试管苗的生长，保存10M而不继代，存活率高；TheresultsshowedthatthetestedchemicalscouldeffectivelyinhibitthegrowthofinvitroPinelliaternate,andtheculturesmightbeconservedfor10monthswithouttransferwithahighsurvivalrate.Comparedwiththenormalsubculturingplantlet/control,themorphologicaltraits,aswellasproliferationandrootingabilityofregenerationplantwerenotsignificantlydifferent.Theoptimalconcentrationofmannitol,PP333andABAwere2%-4%,2.0mg.L-1and2.0-4.0mg.L-1,respectively,forlong-timepreservationofPinelliaternate.与正常继代试管苗相比，再生植株的形态、增殖倍数和生根能力没有显著差异，最佳浓度分别为甘露醇2%-4%，2.0mg·L-1PP333

，2.0-4.0mg·L-1ABA。AsdetectedbyISSRmolecular,nopolymorphic/aberrantmarkerwasscored/observed/investigated/obtainedfromtheregeneratedplantletsconservedonmediumwiththeadditionof2%mannitoland2.0mg.L-1PP333.在添加了2%-4%甘露醇或2.0mg•L-1PP333的培养基上，保存植株经ISSR分子检测，未检测到变异；However/Conversely,anewmarkerandaabsentmarkwereobservedfromthatconservedonmediumsupplementedwith2.0mg.L-1ABA,andthelocusorindividualvariationratewas1.6%or30%,respectively.而保存在添加了2.0-4.0mg•L-1ABA培养基上的植株，共出现了1条新增标记，1条缺失标记，位点变异率为1.6%，个体变异率为30%。

Therefore,ABAwasnotsuitableforinvitroconservationofPinelliagermplasm.Rather,itmightbeusedtogeneratenewmutant,whichdemonstratedhighlyapromisingroleinthecreationofnewPinelliaternategermplasm.因此，ABA不宜用于半夏试管苗的缓慢生长法保存，但有助于新突变体的产生，在半夏种质创新上具有特殊意义。Theenhancementofdroughttoleranceforpigeonpeainoculatedbyarbuscularmycorrhizaefungi

Pigeonpea(Cajanuscajan)hasbeenrapidlygrowninthedrought-strikenkarsticregionsofsouthwestChina.Presentworkaimedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofarbuscularmycorrhizae(AM)onthedroughttoleranceofpigeonpea,aswellastoelucidatethephysiologicalresponsesofAM-colonizedseedlingstothewaterdeficit.AbstractAssubjectedtodroughtstress,AMsymbiosis(AMD)highlyledtothepositiveeffectsonrootsystem,plantheightandstemdiameter.AMDdemonstratedaremarkablyhigherchlorophyllcontent,photosyntheticrateandstomatalconductance.ThesolublesugarinAMDwassignificantlyhigherthanthatofthenon-AMseedlings(NAMD),indicatingtheenhancedtoleranceatleastpartiallycorrelatedwithosmoticsolute.Conversely,theproline(Pro)ofAMDwaslower,revealingtheexcessiveProwasnotimperativefordroughttolerance.After30daysdroughtstress,AMDgavearoundathirdlesslipidperoxidesthanthatofNAMD.Rather,therootactivitiesofAMDweresignificantlyhigherthanthatofthelatterafter10daysdroughtstress.AbstractThereby,AMfungimightsubstantiallyelevatethetolerancetodroughtofpigeonpea,andthecumulativeeffectscontributedtotheenhancedtolerance.Todate,thishasbeenthefirstreportconcerningtheenhancementofdroughttoleranceviaAMcolonizationinthislegumespecies.AbstractTitle:

Aluminumtoleranceinaspermidinesynthase-overexpressingtransgenicEuropeanpear

iscorrelatedwiththeenhancedlevelofspermidineviaalleviatingoxidativestatusAbstract:

Aluminum(Al)stressisamajorcauseofpoorcropyields,particularlyinthosecountrieswhereacidsoilpredominate.

ToverifywhetherpolyaminecanconferAltolerance,invitroshootsofa

transgenicEuropeanpear(PyruscommunisL.‘Ballad’)line#32overexpressingapplespermidinesynthase(MdSPDS1)andthewildtype(WT)weresubjectedtolong-termstressfor30µMAlCl3.Basedonnetincrement

ofshootheight(SHI)orfreshweight(FWI)andmorphologicalchangesuponthestress,wefoundthattheperformanceofline#32wasmuchbetterthanthatofWT.

AlthoughSPDSexpressionlevelsandspermidine(Spd)titers

inline#32werehigherthanthoseinWT,firmlyduetothetransgene(MdSPDS1)expression,nofurtherinductionofSPDSexpressionwasobservedfromthelong-termAlstresstrialinbothlines.AbstractWhile,Spdtiterswere

considerablyincreasedinbothlinesafterthestress.Theactivitiesofsuperoxidedismutase(SOD)orglutathionereductase(GR)andtheaccumulationofproline

ormalondialdehyde(MDA)

altereduponthisstresstowardamorefavorablestatusforsurvivalinthetransgenicline#32thaninWT.TheseantioxidantparameterswerecloselyrelatedtoSpdtiter.AbstractConcentrationsofcalcium(Ca)

andsomeco-factormetalsofSODinline#32werediverselyhigherthanthatinWTafterthestress.Theseevidencesindicate

thatSpdisimplicatedinelevatingofAlstresstoleranceofthetransgenicline#32chieflyviaamelioratingoxidativestatusaswellasbyaffectingmineralelementbalance.

AbstractTitle:

SpermidinelevelsareimplicatedinheavymetaltoleranceinaspermidinesynthaseoverexpressingtransgenicEuropeanpearbyexertingantioxidantactivitiesAbstractToverifywhetherspermidinesynthase(SPDS)canconferlong-termmulti-heavymetaltolerance,invitroshootsofatransgenicEuropeanpear(PyruscommunisL.‘Ballad’)line#32overexpressingappleSPDS(MdSPDS1),aswellasawildtype(WT)line,weresubjectedtostressusing