现代大学英语精读第一册4

MidnightVisitorRobertArthurR

einforcementTextAnalysisTheMidnightVisitorB

ackgroundWarmingupUnit4Questions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewObjectivesWBTRUnit4WarmingupTheMidnightVisitorWarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesHaveyoueverseenaspymovie,orreadaspystory?Whatisit?Doyoulikeit?Why?Whatisaspylike?Whatisyourgeneralimpressionofaspy?Lookattheprompts(提示)andpicturesonthenextslideandtrytothinkofasmanywordsaspossibletodescribepeoplewhoworkasasecretagent.WBTRAge,appearancePersonalityTasks,responsibilitiesReasonsWarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesYoungorold?Handsomeorordinary-looking?AdventurousCourageousIntelligentShrewd(精明的)PresenceofmindCollectandpassonsignificantinformationRecruitnewagentsFormoney?Forambition?Forpatriotism?Theyliveinasecretworldofdeception,fraud(欺骗),andsometimesviolence.EspionageQuestions/ActivitiesWarmingupEspionage[Fr.]spying

Espionage(谍报)：thesecretcollectionofinformation,orintelligence,thesourceofsuchinformationwishestoprotectfromdisclosure.Intelligence(情报)：evaluatedandprocessedinformationneededtomakedecisions.Intelligencegenerallyhasanationalsecurityconnotationandthereforeexistsinanaura(光环)ofsecrecy.WarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesAnExampleBritishintelligenceagentssecretlyintercepted(截获)

conversationsofU.N.Secretary-GeneralKofiAnnaninhisNewYorkoffice

lastyear.Questions/ActivitiesWarmingupCIA中央情报局CentralIntelligenceAgencyMainlyforgatheringsecretinformationthatmaybearonnationalsecurityCreatedin1947TheCIAalsocoordinatestheactivitiesoftheUnitedStatesintelligencecommunity,whichincludesagenciessuchastheDefenseIntelligenceAgency(DIA)andtheNationalSecurityAgency(NSA).Inaddition,theCIAtakesoverallresponsibilityforgatheringinformationfromotherU.S.intelligenceagencies,analyzingtheseparatepiecesofinformationfromeachsource,andprovidingarecommendationtothepresidentoftheUnitedStatesandthepresident’sadvisers.WarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesFBI美国联邦调查局FederalBureauofInvestigation

ChiefinvestigativeagencyoftheUnitedStatesfederalgovernmentandadivisionoftheU.S.DepartmentofJusticeTheprimaryresponsibilityforcounterespionageactivitieswithintheUS.,coordinatingitsworkwiththeCIA,whichisresponsibleforsuchoperationsoutsidetheUS.Questions/ActivitiesWarmingupFBIItalsoprovidesservicestootherlawenforcementagencies,includingfingerprintidentification,laboratoryanalysisofcriminalevidence,policetraining,andaccesstoacentralizedcrimeinformationdatabase.Becauseofitsbroadmandate(授权),theFBIisoneofthemostpowerfulandcontroversialagenciesinthegovernment.Thebureautracesitsoriginsto1908,whentheattorneygeneralappointedasmallgroupofinvestigatorswithintheDepartmentofJustice.WarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesKGB苏联国家安全委员会(克格勃)Komitetgosudarstvennoybezopasnosti(StateSecurityCommittee)thegovernmentagencyoftheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics(USSR)inchargeoftheSovietpoliticalpolicefrom1954to1991.TheKGB,thelastinaseriesofSovietsecurityagenciesdatingfrom1917,wasofficiallydisbanded（解散）whentheUSSRcollapsed.Duringitsyearsofoperationtheagency’smaindirectivewastoprotecttheSovietregimefrominternalandexternalthreatsbymeansofavastpoliceandspynetwork.Duringthecoldwar,boththeFBIandtheCIAconcentratedtheirattentionprimarilyonKGBoftheUSSR.Questions/ActivitiesWarmingup

1.elligenceagency10.counterintelligenceagency11.spymovies12.detectivestories13.undercoveragentorundercoveroperation

1.间谍

2.侦察、谍报

3.国际间谍

4.双重间谍

5.秘密特工

6.特工处

7.特工

8.情报

9.间谍机构10.反间谍机构11.间谍片12.侦探故事13.秘密的地下工作者/活动Doyouknowtheseterms?WarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewDoyoulikethestory?Why/Whynot?Readaloudthesentences/paragraphsyoulikebestandsaywhy.Whatisthestoryabout?Howdoyouunderstandthehistoricalbackgroundagainstwhichthestorywasset?Whathaveyoufoundaboutthesourceofthisarticle?Givethemeaning/thedefinitionofthefollowingwordsandexpressions(p.270):officialhands,course,drama,astart,management,totakeachanceWBTRWarmingupObjectivesBytheendoftheUnit,studentsareexpectedtobeabletoretellhowAusabledefeatedhisadversary(敌手,对手)Max.beabletomakecharacteranalysisofAusable,MaxandFowler.beabletousethekeywords,phrases,expressions,andgrammaritemscorrectlyandappropriately.knowmoreabouttheauthor,detectivestoriesandrelatedinformationaboutsecretagents.WBTRWarmingupBackgroundGenreAuthorBWTRUnit4TheMidnightVisitorBackgroundBWTRBornonNov.10,1909inthePhilippinesGothisB.A.in1930attheUniversityofMichiganGothisM.A.injournalismin19321930-1940,hisstorieswaspublishedinWonderStories,DetectiveFictionWeekly,Mystery,TheIllustratedDetectiveMagazine,Street&Smith’sDetectiveStoryMagazine,AmazingStories,TheShadow,Street&SmithMysteryReader,DetectiveTales,ThrillingDetective,DoubleDetective,StartlingStories,Collier’s,ThePhantomDetective,ArgosyWeekly,UnknownWorlds,andBlackMask.

AuthorBackgroundBWTR

1940sto1960s:HealsowroteradioscriptsandTVseries.HiscareerasawriterforradiocametoanendduringtheMcCarthyera.In1959,heworkedintelevisionandwrotescriptsforTheTwilightZone.1960s:Hewasinvolvedineditingaseriesofanthologiesforyoungerreaders.HediedonMay2,1969inPhiladelphiaattheageof59.AuthorElementsofaShortStorySettingCharacters:protagonistvs.antagonistConflictsClimaxThemeSuspenseIronyGenreBackgroundHowisaspystorysimilartoordifferentfromadetectivestory?GenreBackgroundAspystoryvs.adetectivestoryBothhavecomplicatedplotssothatthereaderremainsaspuzzledasthecharacterswithinthestory.Botharelikeapuzzleandtheclimaxofthestoryisthesolutionofthepuzzle.Thebulk(大部分内容)ofthenarrativeconcernsthelogicalprocessbywhichtheinvestigatorfollowsaseriesofcluestothissolution.Suspenseisusedalot.Aspystoryismainlyconcernedwithinternationalintrigue(阴谋)andpolitics;whileadetectivestoryisusuallyconcernedwithlocalcrimes.BackgroundGenreDetailedAnalysisStructureThemeUnit4TextAnalysisTWBRTheMidnightVisitorWisdomismorepowerfulthananyweapon.Neverjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.Firstimpressionscouldbemisleading.Hewholaughslast,

laughslongest.TextAnalysisThemeTextAnalysisStructure1Paras.1-5WhoAusablewasandwhytheyoungwriterFowlerwasdisappointedwithhim23Paras.6-23HowAusabledevelopedaplantodealwithhisadversaryMaxandwhathedidtothrowMaxoffguardParas.24-28HowAusablefinallyoutwittedMaxandmadehimjumpontotheso-calledbalconyandkillhimselfTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisMainIdeaSentenceParaphraseWords&ExpressionsExercisePartIPartIIPartIIITWBRTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisWhenandwheredidthestoryhappen?WhowasFowler?WhydidhefollowAusabletohisroom?WhatwashisfirstimpressionofAusable?WhydidFowlerfeeldisappointedwithAusable?WhowasAusable?DidhefitinwithFowler’spictureofagoodspy?Whyorwhynot?PartI:MainIdeaTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:SentenceParaphraseAusabledidnotfitthedescriptionofanysecretagentFowlerhadeverreadabout.(para.1)Paraphrasing:Ausablewasnotatallwhatasecretagentshouldlooklike.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysis

Somedaysoonthatpapermaywellaffectthecourseofhistory.(para.5)Paraphrasing:Inthenearfuture,thisdocumentmightprobablyhaveaneffectonthedevelopmentofhistory.PartI:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisWordsPhrasesSentencePatternGrammarPartI:Words&Expressionsfitfigurewheezilyespionagecracksloppyforonething(foranother)dealinslipintomay/mightwellriskone’slifedoingsth.riskone’slifetodosth.asusedintimeclausesasusedinreasonclausestoriskone’slifedoingsth./todosth.Don’triskyourlife(in)tryingtoclimbthatmountain.Heriskedhislifetosavehisfriend.Idon’twanttoriskbeinglate.

riskn.Thereisahighriskofaccidentshappeningontheicyroad.Heartattackcanbeavoidedifpeopleatrisktakemedicaladvice.Thehousesatthefootofthemountainwereattheriskofmud-rockflow.Shearguedwithhimattheriskofbeingfired.

riskyadj.Verbscollocatedwith:be,look,prove,seem,sound,considersth.DetailedAnalysisTextAnalysisTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:Exercise1.Itwasasmallroomonthesixthfloor,andhardlyasettingforaromanticfigure.A.characterB.storyC.picture2.Ausablewas,foronething,fat.A.justalittleB.foronereasonC.generally3.Thereisdramainthatthought,don’tyouthink?A.performanceB.sometrickC.somethingoutoftheordinary

Chooseoneoptionthatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpartineachsentence.Key:1.A,2.B,3.CWhathappenedwhenAusableopenedthedoorofhisroom?DidAusableknowtheman?WhowasMax?Whatdidhewant?HowdidAusablereacttothesuddenappearanceofMaxinhisroom?HowdidAusablereacttoMax’sthreat?WhydidAusablestarttalkingaboutthebalcony?HowdidFowlerfeel?Washefrightened?Whyorwhynot?DidMaxbelievethestory?HowcomeheneverdoubtedAusable?PartII:MainIdeaDetailedAnalysisTextAnalysisDiscussthefollowingquestionsinpairs.1.Whatismeantby“Itwillbesaferinmyhandsthaninyours.”(para.10)?2.WhydidAusablesay“Theappointmentwasfortwelve-thirty.Iwishtoknowhowyoulearnedaboutthereport,Max.”(para.15)?3.DescribeMax’sfeelingswhenhesaid“Andwewishweknewhowyourpeoplegotthereport.”?4.WhatdoyouthinkhelpedtomakeAusable’splanworkout?DetailedAnalysisTextAnalysisTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:SentenceParaphrase…yougavemequiteastart.(para.8)Paraphrasing:Yousurprisedme.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Words&ExpressionsPhrasesSentencePatternGrammarstartpressglanceunlockcoverexceptforsavethetroubleofdoingsthraisethedevilwithblockofflearnaboutcheckontakeone’schance(s)makesureunrealconditionpassivevoiceraiseCainalludestothesonofAdamandEvewhokilledhisbrother,Abel“WhyhaveweeveryreasontobelievethatAdamandEvewerebothrowdies?Because…theybothraisedCain.”(pun)raiseCain/hell/thedevil:tobehaveinarowdyordisruptiveway闹事;大吵大闹;提出强烈反抗e.g.1.Hesaidhe’draiseCainiftheywouldn’tgivehimarefund.他说如果他们不给他退款，他就大吵大闹。2.Thegangwasouttoraisehellthatnight.那天晚上，黑社会出来闹事。3.Thewindraisedthedevilwithourpicnic.风把我们的野餐搅乱了。CainandAbelDetailedAnalysisTextAnalysistakechances:

tobehaveriskilyDon’t

takeyourchanceswhendrivingacar.takeachance(onsth.):totakeariskHelefthomeanddecidedto

takeachanceonpursuingacareerinacting.takeone’schance:

tobenefitasmuchaspossiblefromone’sopportunitiesIfyouwanttoworkinacreativefield,youshouldlearnto

takeyourchance.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Exercise1.Somedaysoonthatpapermaywellaffectthecourseofhistory.A.willquiteprobablyB.willtoagreatextentC.willpositively2.Andasthelightcameon,Fowlerhadhisfirstrealthrilloftheday.A.fearB.excitementC.headache3.“Max,”hewheezed,“yougavemequiteastart.”A.frightenedshockB.goodbeginningC.terriblepain4.Maxwasslender,nottall,andwithafacethatsuggestedthelookofafox.A.evokedB.proposedC.demanded5.I’mgoingtoraisethedevilwiththemanagementthistime.A.raiseCainwithB.curseC.fire6.IwishIknewhowyoulearnedaboutthereport,Max.A.studiedB.readthroughC.becameawareof7.SendthemawayorI’llshootandtakemychances.A.killB.trymyluckC.haveanopportunity答案见备注栏

Chooseoneoptionthatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpartineachsentence.HowdidMaxfeelwhenheheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor?DidAusableknowwhoitwas?WhatdidhesaytoMax?DidMaxbelievehim?WhatdidMaxdecidetodounderthecircumstances?WhathappenedtoMax?WhydidAusablesigh?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:MainIdeaTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisWordsuncorkshrillysighstarestammerPartIII:Words&Expressions

Sigh:tobreatheoutslowlyandnoisily,expressingtiredness,sadness,pleasure,etc.Shesigheddeeplyandsatdown."Iwishhewashere,"shesighed(=shesaidwithasigh).DetailedAnalysisTextAnalysis

Stare:tolookforalongtimewiththeeyeswideopen,especiallywhensurprised,frightenedorthinking

Don'tstareatpeoplelikethat.

It'srude.Henrysatquietlyforhoursstaringintothedistance,thinkingofwhatmighthavebeen.

DetailedAnalysisTextAnalysis

Stammer:

tospeakorsaysomethingwithunusualpausesorrepeatedsounds,eitherbecauseofspeechproblemsorbecauseoffearandanxiety

"Wh-whencanweg-go?"shestammered.

Hedialled999andstammered(out)hisnameandaddress.DetailedAnalysisTextAnalysisTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:ExerciseTrue/FalseStatements.Fowlerwasayou