新视界大学英语综合教程1-第8单元

WarmingupSkimmingDiggingCriticalthinkingLanguageinuseUnfamiliarwordsInterpretingTalkingpoint

RingingthechangesWarmingup1.Lookatthewordsintheboxanddecidewhatthemainideasintheunitare.WarmingupWecandividetheproblemsintoonesaboutland,seaandair.Orbytheareastheproblemsmayaffect,forinstance,health,food,power,availabilityofresourcesandsoon.Wecanusegenerallabels:globalwarming,damagetoland,usingresourcestooquickly,pollutionforproductionandwaste,endangeringanimalandplantspeciesandsoon.2.Workinpairsanddiscusswhatarethemostimportantideaswhentalkingabouttheenvironment.Warmingup3.Tellotherpeopleintheclasswhatyouhavedonethisweektohelptheenvironment.•NotmuchIamafraidtosay,butIdotakecare

tousepaperonbothsidesandcarrymyown

bagwhenIgoshopping.•Idoswitchofflightsandotherapplianceswhen

Iseethemlefton.Ihavestoppedleavingthings

onstandby.Itisverywasteful.•IamashamedtosayIcannotthinkofanythingI

did.Iwilltryhardernextweek.WarmingupLookatthefirstsentenceofthepassageandchoosethebestanswertothequestions.Helloboysandgirlsaroundtheworld,andaHappyNewYeartoyouall!1Whodoyouthinkthewriteris?(a)Ateacherwritinginaschoolmagazine.(b)Ajournalistwritinginanewspaper.Answer:bWarmingup2Whatdoyouthinkthemessagewillbe?(a)Let’stryandmakethenewyearahappyonefor

everyone.(b)Let’sthinkabouthowwecanenjoyourselves.

Answer:aWarmingup3Whatdoyouthinkthestylewillbelike?(a)Simpleandfun.(b)Difficultandserious.Answer:aWarmingupWatchthevideoandanswersomequestions.WarmingupWatchthevideoaboutglobalwarming.Howdoyouunderstand“ifyougiveup,theygiveup”inthisvideo?Whatcanyoudotoreducetheamountofcarbonyouuse?Skimming

Browsethepassagewithin8minutestogetaroughideaaboutit.

Answerthequestions

ofActivity2and3onpage159.TaskCheck(✓)theclaimmadebyOldFatherTime.☐1Oldtraditionsarebeinglost.☐2Wildanimalsarelosingtheirhomes.☐3TherearenomorebirdsintheArctic.Skimming☐4Theearth’satmosphereisbecomingwarmer.☐5Theweatherischangingeverywhere.☐6Energyfromwindandthesunisveryexpensive.☐7Weshouldallavoidtravellingbyair.☐8Wecanalldosomethingtoreduceglobalwarming.☐9Wehaven’tgotmuchtimelefttosavetheearth.TheclaimmadebyOldFatherTimeare:

2,4,5,8and9SkimmingAnswerthequestions.1Whatisthemainaimofthepassage?Topersuadepeopletocaremoreabouttheenvironment.2WhydoesOldFatherTimerefertothereindeerandpolarbears?BecausetheyareanimalswholiveintheArctic,wheretheiceismelting.Skimming5WhatadvicedoesOldFatherTimegivetoairtravellers?Givemoneytoaschemewhichhelpscanceloutthecarbondioxidegeneratedby

yourplanejourney.6Whatwillhappenby2020ifwedon’tactnow?TheicecapattheNorthPolewillmelt;thesealevelswillriseandcoastalregions

andislandswillbeflooded;hotcountrieswillbecomedeserts;coldcountrieswill

becomeuncomfortablywarm.Skimming7WhatdoesOldFatherTimesuggestchildrendoathome?Remindpeopletoswitchofflightsandelectricalequipmentwhichareswitched

onbutnotinuse.Startapublicitycampaignandleteveryoneknowwhattheyare

doing.Ringingthechanges1Helloboysandgirlsaroundtheworld,andaHappyNewYeartoyouall!译文MP3Digging2It’sthattimeagainwhenweringouttheoldyear,andringinthenew!(Iexpectthatsomeofyoudon’tevenknowwherethatexpressioncomesfrom.AtmidnightonNewYear’sEve,weusedtoringthechurchbellstosayfarewelltothepastandwelcometothefuture.)Butthisyear,IwanttosharewithyousomeoftheworriesIhaveabouttheenvironment.MP3Digging3Yousee,I’vejustbeentalkingtomydearoldfriendFatherChristmas,whohasjustgotbackhometotheNorthPoleafterdeliveringallyourpresents.HetoldmethatoneofhisreindeerhurtalegthisyearandalmostmissedtheChristmasdeliveries.Ithappenedinthespringwhentheice,whichisalwaysverythick,turnedouttobemuchthinnerthanweexpected,andshealmostfellthroughintotheArcticOcean.译文MP3Digging4FatherChristmasalsotoldmethathisfriendsthepolarbearshavetowalkmuchfurthertofindsolidiceandsnow,andtheArcticbirdshavebeenleavingandcomingbackatunusualtimesoftheyear.Itseemsthattheproblemisclimatechange.

译文MP3Digging5Ithasbecomeapparenttoscientistsfromaroundtheworldthatthegas,oilandcoal,whichweallusetostaywarm,staycool,andtravelaround,releaselotsofcarbondioxidetotheatmosphereoftheearth.Thiscausesthesun’sheattobuildupintheearth’satmosphere,andiscalledthegreenhouseeffect.It’sleadingtoallkindsofchange...andasweknow,somechangeisfortheworst.

译文MP3Digging6Sotheweatherischanging,andinsteadofgentlerain,wenowhaveviolentstorms,whichfloodcoastsandvalleys.Evensomebigcities,suchasNewYorkandLondon,andsomecountries,liketheMaldiveIslands,areunderthreat.Inotherplaces,there’sashortageofrainforcrops,sosomepeoplearegoingtostarve.Andsomeofourfavouriteanimals,suchaselephants,tigersandlions,arelosingtheirhomes.

译文MP3Digging7Butwecanallmakesomechangeforthebetter.Yousee,thesescientiststhenwentontotellmethatwecouldcombatclimatechangebygeneratingmostofourenergyneedswithresourceswhichwecanrenew.Forexample,wecanusewindturbinestolightandheatourhomesandtoprovideelectricpowerforcars.译文MP3Digging译文MP3Digging8Notsurprisingly,FatherChristmaswasmostconcernedabouthisairmiles,whatwithallthosepresentstodelivertoallyouboysandgirls.Butwefoundoutaboutaschemetocancel

outthecarbondioxidehegeneratesonChristmasEvebygivingfundstoplantaforestinBrazil.Yousee,thenewforestwillabsorbanequivalentamountofcarbondioxide.Perhapssomehowyoucandothesamewhenyougosomewherebyplane?

9ThenattheenvironmentsummitinCopenhagen,welearntthatwehavetodecreasethecarbondioxidewegenerateinordertoincreasethestabilityofourtemperatureby1.5–2degreescentigrade.Theforecastisthatifwedon’tdothisbythedeadlineof2020,it’sinevitablethattheicecapattheNorthPolewillmelt,thesealevelwillrise,islandsandcoastalregionswillbeflooded,hotcountrieswillbecomedeserts,coldcountrieswillbecomeuncomfortablywarm.

译文MP3Digging10Sothinkabouthowmuchenergyyouconsumeinyourhomesandschools,andtrytoreducetheamountofcarbonyouuse.Remindpeopletoswitchofflightsandanyelectricalequipment,suchastelevisionsorphonechargers,whichareswitchedonbutnotinuse.Findoutifyoucanraisemoneytoinstallwindturbinesinthegardenorsolar

panelsontheroof.Trytousepublictransportasmuchaspossible.MP3Digging11Andaboveall,startapublicity

campaigninyourschooltoleteveryoneknowwhatyou’redoing–yourfamily,yourfriends,yourteachersandyourpoliticians–becausethemorepeoplewetell,themorewe’reallawarethatwe’rerunningoutoftime.MP3MP3DiggingMainideaofthetext12Andifwerunoutoftime?Well,unfortunately,onedaytherewon’tbeanyonelefttowisheachotherHappyNewYear.Yourfriend,OldFatherTime

1.Ringingthechanges(Title)Thereisawayofringingbellssothatthecombinationsofsoundschangeaccordingtoamathematicalpattern.Hence,theidiom“ringingthechanges”meansvaryingfrequently.HerethetitlemixesthismeaningwiththedifferentideaofringingintheNewYeartosuggestitistimeweallchangedourbehaviour.DifficultsentencesDifficultsentences2.AtmidnightonNewYear’sEve,weusedtoringthechurchbellstosayfarewelltothepastandwelcometothefuture.(Line4,Para2)ChurchbellsarestillrungthroughoutEuropetocelebratethearrivaloftheNewYear.Birdstimetheirmigrationsaccordingtotemperaturesandfoodsupplies.TheyhavebeenchangingtheirnormalscheduleasaresultofwarmertemperaturesintheArcticCircle.Difficultsentences3.…andtheArcticbirdshavebeenleavingandcomingbackatunusualtimesoftheyear.(Line3,Para4)Agreenhousekeepstheheatofthesuninsidejustasthegreenhousegasespreventtheheatlossandincreasetemperaturesontheearth.Icealsoreflectsheatoutintospacesothelossoftheicewilladdtoglobalwarming.Aheatcircleseemstobeoccurringwitheachfactoraddingtotheeffect.Difficultsentences4.…andiscalledthegreenhouseeffect.(Line7,Para5)Andofcourseallcoastalcitiesareunderthreattoo.Ariseinsealevelsofaroundthreemetreshasbeensuggestedwhichwouldleadtoverywidespreadflooding.TheMaldivesarealreadyjustabovethesealevelandseemdoomed.Difficultsentences5.Evensomebigcities,suchasNewYorkandLondon,andsomecountries,liketheMaldiveIslands,areunderthreat.(Line3,Para6)Thereisacommonerror:Manylanguagestalkofopeningandclosingelectricity,whichisnotpossibleinEnglish.Openthetelevisionmeanstotakeoffthebackforrepairwork.Difficultsentences6.Remindpeopletoswitchofflightsand…switchedonbutnotinuse.(Line4,Para10)eve释义n.[C](onthe～ofsth)onthedaybeforeanimportantevent,orduringtheperiodoftimejustbeforeit在……前日；在……前夕例句1Claywasnervousontheeveoftheexamination.克莱在考试前夕很紧张。翻译1Words例句2翻译2WewereontheeveofwarandthistimetheenemywouldbetheUnitedStates.我们处于战争前夕，而此次我们的敌人是美国。delivery释义n.[C,U]theprocessofbringinggoodsorletterstoaplace

送货；投递例句Iaskedthemtospeedthedeliveryup.

我让他们加快了送货速度。

翻译Words真题Aswecannolongerwaitforthedeliveryofourorder,wehavetocancelit.(Jun.

2000,CET-4,Vocabularyandstructure)apparent释义a.easytoseeorunderstand清晰可见的；显而易见的例句1Itisapparentthateveryonelovesthatlittlebaby.

很显而易见的，所有人都喜欢那个小婴儿。翻译1WordsThereasonsforhissuddendeparturesoonbecameapparent.例句2翻译2他突然离去的原因不久就变得显而易见。

释义例句1I'mgoingtoshowyouaroundthegreenhousewhichprotectsvegetablesfromcold.我来带你们参观一下这个可以保护蔬菜免受冻害的温室。翻译1Wordsn.[C]abuildingmadeofglassthatisusedforgrowing

plantsthatneedprotectionfromtheweather温室；

暖房例句2翻译2当他们谈论温室效应的时候，我茫然不知所云。I'mallatseawhentheytalkaboutthe

greenhouseeffect.greenhousethreatn.[C,U](～to)asituationoractivitythatcouldcauseharmordanger

危害；威胁Thesituationhasabigthreattoworldpeace.这局势对世界和平造成很大的威胁。Words释义例句翻译Itishumannaturetoshakeoffwhatmayseemtousathreatoffuturedisaster.(Jun.

2000,CET-4,Readingcomprehension)真题shortage释义n.[C,U](～of)alackofsomethingyouneedorwant

缺乏；短缺例句Heavyrainswereresponsiblefortheshortageofvegetables.大雨是蔬菜短缺的原因。翻译WordsWatershortagesdonothavetotroubletheworld—ifwestartvaluingwatermorethanwehaveinthepast.(Jun.

2001,CET-4,Vocabularyandstructure)真题starve释义vi.tosufferordiebecausethereisnotenoughfood

挨饿；饿死

例句1Weareproducingluxurieswhilechildrenstarve.孩子们正在挨饿时，我们却在生产奢侈品。翻译1Words例句2Manypeoplestarvedtodeathbecauseofthefamine.翻译2那次饥荒中有许多人饿死。starve释义vt.tomakesomeonesufferordiebypreventingthemfromhavingenoughfood

使挨饿；使饿死例句1翻译1Words例句2Boxerssometimesstarvethemselvesforseveraldaystocontroltheirweight.翻译2拳击手有时为了控制体重而数日不吃饭。She'sstarvingherself,tryingtoloseweight.她使自己挨饿来试着减肥。

combat释义vt.todosomethingtotrytostopsomethingbadfromhappeningorabadsituationfrombecomingworse

与……斗争；抗争

例句1Thepolicearenowusingcomputerstohelpcombatcrime.警方现在使用电脑打击犯罪活动。翻译1Words例句2Thegovernmentsactedinunisontocombatterrorism.翻译2各国政府一致行动起来与恐怖主义作斗争。generate释义vt.toproducepower发（电）例句1Usingthewindtogenerateelectricitydatesbackto1890.用风力发电可追溯到1890年。翻译1Words例句2Naturalgas,whichwasusedtogenerateelectricity,wasalreadyinshortsupply.翻译2以往用来发电的天然气，现在早已缺货。generate释义vt.tomakemoney赚（钱）；创造（财富）例句1Mybossaskedatmetogeneratemoresales.我老板要求我创造更多的销售业绩。翻译1Words例句2Heistryinghisbesttogeneratemoretosupporthisfamily.翻译2他正努力赚更多的钱来养家。renew释义vt.toreplacesomethingthatisoldordamaged

更新；更换例句1Thecompanyreneweditsincomesystem.公司更新了薪资系统。翻译1Words例句2翻译2Youneedtorenewacarpettomakethehalllookmorebeautiful.你们需要更换一块地毯来让大厅看起来更漂亮。renew释义vt.toarrangeforsomethingtocontinueforalongerperiodoftime

将……延期；续借例句1Theyaretryingtopersuadethecompanytorenewthecontract.他们正试图说服公司将合同延期。翻译1Words例句2MustIbringthebookbackwhenIrenewit?翻译2当我续借时必须把书带来吗？concerned释义a.(～about)(fml)worriedaboutsomething

担心的

例句1翻译1WordsEverybodyisconcernedaboutthefutureofthecompany.

每个人都在担心公司的前景。Millerwasconcernedaboutthe$35millionwehadalreadyinvested.例句2翻译2米勒所担心的是我们已投进去的三千五百万美元。

concerned释义a.(～with)(neverbeforenoun)givingyourattentiontosomething关注的；牵挂的例句翻译WordsThedoctorisconcernedwithherpatientsevenwhensheisathome.

即使在家的时候，那位医生也在牵挂着她的病人。Fashiondesignersarerarelyconcernedwithvitalthingslikewarmth,comfortanddurability(耐用).(Jan.1993,CET-4,Readingcomprehension)

真题concern释义vt.(neverpassive)toworrysomeone

使担心；使忧虑例句翻译WordsWhathesaidyesterdayaboutthecomingexamconcernedheralot.

他昨天说的那些关于考试的话让她很忧虑。Thedeclineinmoralstandards—whichhaslongconcernedsocialanalysts—hasatlastcapturedtheattentionofaverageAmericans.(Jan.2002,CET-4,Readingcomprehension)真题concern释义n.[U](～about/over/at)afeelingofworryaboutsomething,especiallyonethatalotofpeoplehaveaboutanimportantissue

担心；忧虑

例句1翻译1WordsJohnsondidn’texpressmuchconcernabouthisfather’sbusiness.

约翰没表现出太多对他父亲的生意的担心。Herconcernoverthesickbabykeptherawakeallnight.例句2翻译2由于担心生病的孩子，她一晚上都没睡着。

scheme释义n.(BrE)(AmEprogram)aplandevelopedbyagovernmentorlargeorganizationinordertoprovideaparticularserviceforpeople（政府或大型组织提供某种服务的）规划，计划，方案例句翻译WordsTheschemehasbeenrevisedinaccordancewiththeopinionsofthemasses.方案已经根据公众的意见做了修改。cancel释义v.tosaythatsomethingthathasbeenarrangedwillnotnowhappen

取消例句翻译WordsThesportsmeetinghasbeencanceledbecauseofthebadweather.因为天气原因，运动会被取消了。Allflightshavingbeencanceledbecauseofthesnowstorm,manypassengerscoulddonothingbuttakethetrain.(Jan.1999,CET-4,Vocabularyandstructure)真题fund释义n.[C]

anamountofmoneythatyoucollect,save,orinvest

资金；基金；专款例句1翻译1Words由于缺乏资金，这位科学家放弃了他的研究工作。

Thescientistgaveuphisresearchforlackoffund.

Hesubscribed50dollarstothefloodrelieffund.例句2翻译2他为水灾救济基金捐了50美元。

fund释义vt.toprovidethemoneyforsomethingthatcostsalot

为……提供资金；资助例句1翻译1Words那个富人资助了十个孩子，这让人们都很敬仰他。Therichmanfunded10studentswhichmadepeopleadmirehim.

Theleisurecentreisfundedcompletelybytheprivatesector.例句2翻译2该休闲中心完全由私营部门提供资金建成。

absorb释义vt.totakeinagas,liquid,orothersubstance

吸收（气体、液体或其他物质）例句1翻译1Words土壤会吸收雨水。Thesoilcanabsorbtherainwater.

Therockwallssometimessupplyheat,sometimesabsorbit.例句2翻译2岩壁有时放热，有时吸热。

equivalent释义a.(～to)ofthesamesize,value,importance,ormeaningassomethingelse

相等的；等值的；同义的例句翻译Words一米等值于39.37英寸。Ameterisequivalentto39.37inches.

Physicsisequivalenttothesciencewhichwascallednaturalphilosophyinhistory.(Jan.1999,CET-4,Vocabularyandstructure)真题summit释义n.[C](～or～meeting)ameetingorseriesofmeetingsbetweenleadersoftwoormorecountries

（政府首脑间的）最高级会议，高峰会例句翻译Words任何峰会都必须在精心的准备之后举行。Anysummitmeetingshouldcomeattheendofcarefulpreparation.

decrease释义vt.toreducesomething

减少；降低例句1翻译1Words工人们要减少工作时间，并要增加工资。Theworkmenwanttodecreasetheworkinghoursandtoincreasepay.

Gearsonacarmaybeusedeithertodecreaseorincreasespeed.例句2翻译2汽车的排挡可用来减速或加速。

decrease释义vi.tobecomeless

减少；降低例句1翻译1Words这次水灾造成产量大幅度的减少。

Thefloodresultedinaconsiderabledecreaseinproduction.

Thenumberofvisitorshasdecreasedsignificantly.例句2翻译2游客数量明显减少。

stability释义n.[U]asituationinwhichthingshappenastheyshouldandtherearenoharmfulchanges

稳固；稳定例句1翻译1Words政治稳定对经济繁荣是必要的。

Politicalstabilityisessentialtoeconomicprosperity.Thisnationisnotedforitsreform,open-up,andeconomicstability.例句2翻译2这个国家以改革、开放和经济稳定著称。

forecast释义n.[C]astatementaboutwhatislikelytohappen,basedonavailableinformationandusuallyrelatingtotheweather,business,ortheeconomy

（通常指对天气、商务、经济方面的）预测，预报例句翻译Words销售预测必须在估计价格和安排生产之前进行。

Thesalesforecasthadtobedonebeforethepricingandscheduling.

deadline释义n.[C](～for)aspecifictimeordatebywhichyouhavetodosomething

最后期限例句翻译Words我希望你能在最后期限前交上学期论文。

Ihopeyoucansubmityourtermpapersbeforethedeadline.真题Itwasessentialthattheapplicationformsbesentbackbeforethedeadline.

(Jan.1990,CET-4,Vocabularyand

structure)inevitable释义a.impossibletoavoidorprevent

必然的；不可避免的例句1翻译1Words交通堵塞在高峰时间是不可避免的。

Trafficjamsareinevitableduringtherushhour.Mypointisthatthefrequentcomplaintofonegenerationabouttheoneimmediatelyfollowingitisinevitable.(Jan.1996,CET-4,Readingcomprehension)例句2翻译2他的罪行暴露是必然的。

Itwasinevitablethathiscrimewouldbediscovered.consume释义vt.touseasupplyofsomethingsuchastime,energy,orfuel

消耗，花费（时间、能源或燃料等）

例句Iftherewerenotrade,eachcountrywouldhavetoconsumeitsownproduction.

如果没有贸易，每个国家都必须消费其本国生产的产品。翻译WordsInBritainpeopleconsumefourmilliontonsofpotatoeseveryyear.(Jan.1996,CET-4,Readingcomprehension)真题consume释义vt.(fml)toeatordrinksomething

吃；喝例句1Heconsumedalargeplatefulofcakes.他吃了一大盘蛋糕。翻译1WordsTheguestsconsumedallthespaghetti,sowemademore.例句2翻译2客人们把所有的意大利面条都吃完了，所以我们又做了一些。switch释义v.(～to/between)tochangefromonethingtoanother,

ormakesomethingdothis

（使）转变；（使）改变；

（使）转换例句1Afterafewsecond,thescreenswitchtothescreensaver.

几秒钟后，屏幕转换到屏幕保护状态。翻译1WordsAsnoneofthemwantedtoswitchhalfwaythroughagame,hehadtositatonesidewatching.例句2翻译2大家不愿中途改变，他只好在一旁坐着看。install释义vt.(oftenpassive)toputapieceofequipment

somewhereandmakeitreadyforuse

安装；设置例句1Tominimizetheriskofbeingstolen,agoodalarmsystemshouldbeinstalled.

为减低被盗的风险，应该安装一个报警系统。翻译1WordsIsthereanythingtodownloadorinstallinordertousethesystem?

例句2翻译2要使用这个系统的话，需要下载或安装什么吗？solar释义a.relatingtothesun,orcomingfromthesun

太阳

的；与太阳有关的；来自太阳的例句1Asolaryearhas365days,5hours,49minutes.

每个天文年有365天5小时49分。翻译1WordsTheexploitationofsolarenergyisgraduallymovingintohighgear.例句2翻译2太阳能的开发渐渐进入高速发展状态。panel释义n.[C]

玻璃片；金属板例句1Hereachedforthemobilephonetohisrightbelowtheinstrumentpanel.

他伸手到右边仪表板下拿手机。翻译1WordsTheunusualcontrolpanelonthewallscaughtourattention.例句2翻译2墙上不同寻常的控制板引起了我们的注意。panel释义n.agroupofpeoplewhomakedecisionsorjudgments

评判小组

例句1Apanelofexpertsgaveitsopiniononwaystosolvethetrafficproblem.专家小组就如何解决交通问题发表了意见。翻译1WordsThejurypanelfinallymadeanagreementafterthreehoursofdiscussing.例句2翻译2经过三个小时的讨论后，陪审团终于达成了一致。

publicity释义n.[U]thebusinessofmakingsurethatpeopleknowaboutanewproduct,filmetcorwhataparticularfamouspersonisdoing宣传，推广例句1TheBritishpresshasgivenconsiderablepublicitytothenovel.英国新闻界已经对这部小说作了很多宣传。翻译1WordsThecompanyhaslaunchedacampaignofpublicityforanewcar.

例句2翻译2该公司已经开始推广它的新型汽车。

publicity释义n.Theattentionthatsomeoneorsomethinggetsfromnewspapers,televisionetc（报纸、电视等对某人或某物的）关注，报道例句1Thesingerstar'smarriagegotalotofpublicity.

这位歌星的婚事引起了公众的关注。翻译1WordsThenewprojectgainedpublicitythroughpapers.例句2翻译2这项新工程得到了报纸的广泛报道。campaign释义n.[C]aseriesofactionsintendedtoachieveaparticularresultrelatingtopoliticsorbusiness,orasocialimprovement（为取得某种结果而进行的政治、商业或社会性的）运动例句1Thepresidentialcampaignwasinfullswing.总统竞选运动正全面铺开。翻译1WordsThisanti-smokingcampaignismainlyaimedatyoungteenagers.例句2翻译2这项反对吸烟活动主要是针对青少年的。

politician释义n.[C]someonewhohasajobinpolitics,especiallyamemberofparliament政治家（尤指议员）例句1Themayorisaskilledpolitician.市长是一位老练的政治家。

翻译1WordsThepoliticianwillmeetwiththemtotalkaboutmattersofcommonconcern.例句2翻译2那位政治家将同他们会见，以谈论共同关心的事宜。ringthechanges释义(BrE)tomakechangestosomething,notbecauseitneedschangingbutjustinordertomakeitmoreinteresting,moreattractiveetc推出新花样；作出不同的安排Shelikestoringthechangesonhowherofficeisarranged.

她喜欢变着花样布置自己的办公室。

Phrases例句1翻译1例句2Asmartgirlcanringthechangesonherusedclothes.

翻译2聪明的女孩会用旧衣服作不同的搭配。Text释义例句翻译教堂鸣钟辞别旧岁后，他们冲出屋子开始庆祝。Afterringingouttheoldyear,theyrushedouttocelebrate.ringouttheoldyeartocelebratetheendoftheyearbyringingchurchbells教堂鸣钟辞别旧岁

Phrases释义例句翻译鸣钟庆新年是这个国家不变的传统。ringinthenewyearRinginginthenewyearisanunchangedtraditioninthecountry.toringbellstocelebratethebeginningofanewyear

鸣钟庆新年

Phrasesturnout释义例句1翻译1我们怎样教我们的孩子，他们长大后就变成怎样的人。

Whatweteachourchildreniswhattheyturnouttobe.todevelopinaparticularwayorhaveaparticularresult

发展为；结果为Ingoodhandsshewillturnoutavaluablewoman.例句2翻译2如果有个好环境，她会变成一个大家喜爱的人。

Phrasesunderthreat释义例句1翻译1野生动物无处不受到灭绝的威胁。

Wildlifeisunderthreateverywhere.likelytobeharmedordamaged

受到威胁的；可能受到伤害的例句2翻译2Therailwayisunderthreatofclosure.那条铁路有停止运营的迹象。Phrasesachangeforthebetter释义例句1翻译1这份新的工作应该是一个好转。Thisnewjobshouldbeachangeforthebetter.Thegovernmentwillcontinueitseffortstobringaboutachangeforthebetterinbackwardminorityareas.例句2翻译2政府继续努力改变少数民族地区相对落后的面貌。

somethingnewordifferentthatwillmakeasituationbetter（形势的）好转Phraseswhatwith释义(spoken)usedwhenyouaregivinganumberofreasonsforaparticularsituationorproblem

由于；

因为例句1翻译1一半由于过度劳累一半由于饥饿，约翰病倒了。Whatwithoverworkandwhatwithhunger,Johnfellill.

Whatwiththewindandwhatwiththerain,ourtripwasruined.例句2翻译2Phrases又是刮风又是下雨，我们的旅行搞砸了。cancelout释义例句1翻译1他的缺点抵消了他的优点。Hisweaknessescancelouthisvirtues.tostopsomethingfromhavinganyeffect

抵消The$5Iowedhimandthe$5heowesmecancelout.例句2翻译2他与我各欠对方五元，正好相互抵消。

Phrasesswitchoff释义例句1翻译1请在会议期间关闭手机。

Pleaseswitchoffmobilephonesduringthemeeting.

toturnoff

关掉（电灯或机器等）；（使）停止运行Besuretoswitchoffthelightwhenyouleavetheoffice.例句2翻译2你离开办公室时务必把灯关掉。

Phrasesswitchon释义例句1翻译1只需将插头插入插座并开动机器就行了。

Justputthepluginthesocketandswitchonthemachine.toturnon

打开（电灯或机器等）；（使）开始运行Itisbeyondmyreach,soIcouldn’tswitchiton.例句2翻译2我够不着它，所以也打不开它。

PhrasesCulturepointsTheimaginarycharacterwhotakespresentstochildrenduringthenightbetweenChristmasEveandChristmasDay.FatherChristmas(圣诞老人)CulturepointsTheseainthemostnorthernpartoftheworld,aroundtheNorthPole.TheArcticOcean(北冰洋)CulturepointsItisagroupofhundredsofverysmallislandsintheIndianOceannearthecoastofsouthernIndia.Theyareaverypopulartouristdestination.

TheMaldiveIslands(马尔代夫群岛)CulturepointsTheyarepointsthatyoucollectwhenyouflywithsomeairlines,andwhichyoucanexchangeforfreeflights.

Airmiles(航空里程)CulturepointsTheClimateConferenceinCopenhagenwasheldinDecember2009.Politiciansfrommanydifferentcountriesmettodiscusstheproblemsofclimatechange.environmentsummitinCopenhagen(哥本哈根环境峰会)CulturepointsHeisanimaginarycharacterinmanytraditionswhorepresentsthepassingoftime.OldFatherTime(时间老人) 全世界的孩子们：你们好！新年快乐！Translation原文我们又该敲响钟声辞旧迎新了！（估计你们还有人不知道“辞旧迎新”这种说法是怎么来的。以前，每到除夕之夜，我们都会敲响教堂的钟，来告别过去，迎接未来。）但是今年，我想与你们说说我对环境的一些忧虑。Translation我刚刚和我亲爱的老朋友圣诞老人聊天来着，他给你们送完了礼物，刚刚回到北极的家。他告诉我，今年，他的一只驯鹿腿受伤了，差一点没能准时在圣诞节送出礼物。那是春天的事了。那时，冰层本来应该是很厚的，但事实上却比以往要薄很多，于是那只驯鹿差点掉进北冰洋。Translation原文圣诞老人还告诉我，他的北极熊朋友们不得不走到更远的地方去寻找结实的冰和雪，而北冰洋的鸟类迁徙的时间也与往常不一样了。看来问题出在气候变化上。Translation原文全世界的科学家都已经意识到，我们为了取暖、降温和出行而使用的天然气、石油和煤炭会释放大量的二氧化碳到地球的大气层，从而导致太阳的热能积聚在大气层中，这就叫做温室效应。温室效应又引起各种其他的变化，我们都知道，有的变化是糟糕透顶的。Translation原文所以，天气在变化。雨不再是细雨，而是使海水泛滥、山洪暴发的狂风暴雨。甚至一些国家（比如马尔代夫群岛）和大城市（例如纽约和伦敦）也受到了威胁。而其他地方却因降雨量不足而庄稼干旱，所以有人就会挨饿。我们最喜欢的一些动物，比如大象、老虎和狮子，也正在失去它们的家园。Translation原文不过，我们是可以做点什么让事情改观的。要知道，这些科学家还说，我们可以用可再生资源来满足大多数能源需求，以此来与气候变化作斗争。比如，我们可以使用风力涡轮来为房屋照明、取暖，为车辆提供电力。Translation原文圣诞老人很关心自己的航空里程，这不足为奇，因为他要把那么多的礼物送给你们这些孩子啊！但我们也找到了弥补的方法，他可以捐钱在巴西种一片森林以抵消他在圣诞前夜产生的二氧化碳。因为新种的森林能够吸收同等数量的二氧化碳。你要是坐飞机的话，或许也可以这样做？Translation原文我们从哥本哈根环境峰会上得知，必须要减少二氧化碳的排放量才能增强气温的稳定性，使其变化范围保持在1.5-2摄氏度之内。有人预言，如果我们到2020年还做不到这一点，那么北极的冰盖必然融化，海平面将要上升，岛屿和沿海地区将被淹没，热带国家将化为沙漠，寒冷的国家将暖和得令人难以忍受。Translation原文所以，请想想你们在家里和学校都消耗了多少能源，努力减少你们的碳使用量吧！请提醒大家随手关掉那些开着却无人使用的电灯和电器，比如电视或手机充电器。看看你们是否可以集资在花园里安装风力涡轮，或在房顶上安装太阳能。尽可能使用公共交通工具。Translation最重要的是，在你们的学校开展宣传活动，让大家都知道你们在做什么，包括你们的家人、朋友、老师和政界人士，因为知道的人越多，就有越多的人意识到我们的时间已不多了。Translation如果我们的时间不够了，怎么办呢？很不幸，到那个时候，世界上就不会再有人互祝新年快乐了。你们的朋友：时间老人TranslationMainideaofthepassageThepassagetakestheformofaletterfromOldFatherTimetochildren,explainingFatherChristmashashadsomeproblemsasaresultofthemeltingice.Theletternamesglobalwarmingasthecauseandlistsotherconsequencesofthis.Childrenaretoldtheymustdotheirbesttohelpstopthisbyusinglesspower.DiggingTextReactingtothetextInterpretingWerea