Unit1语法形容词副词比较和最高级复习 牛津译林版英语八年级上册

8AUnit1Grammar一．形容词用形容词描述人或物时，可以放在名词前面，也可以放在系动词后面。即：形容词+名词系动词+形容词Hehasaroundface.Hisfaceisround.常用的系动词有：be,grow,smell,become,keep,sound,feel,look,taste,get,seem,turn…拓展：副词修饰行为动词（dancehappily)e.g.1)The________boyissinging_______.(happy)2)Themanislooking______athisson.Helooks________atthemoment.(angry)形容词原级、比较级、最高级的用法A.原级的用法：（没有比较时用原级）1.在very,quite,rather,so,too,enough,as…as等词后面用原级；e.g.Englishisveryuseful,soweshouldtryourbesttolearnitwell.SheisasslimasIam.Tomdoesn’twriteso/aswellasJim.B.比较级的用法适用于两者之间，常与than连用。其结构为：(1)A+be+比较级+than+Be.g.Thisboxisheavierthanthatone.(2)A+动词+比较级+than+Be.g.Herunsmoreslowlythanme.2.注意以下例子的运用：(1)Whichis_______(big),theearthorthemoon?(2)Mayisthe_______(slim)ofthetwogirls.3.比较级常与than,alittle,much,even,far等连用。e.g.(1).HisbrotherisverysmartbutIhearheismuch_______(smart).(2).Thisprinterisalittle____________(expensive)thanthatone.(3).Todayisverycold,buttomorrowiseven___(cold).4.当两个形容词/副词连用时，常用比较级(表示“越来越…”)：e.g.(1).Autumncomes.Theweatherisgetting_______and_______(cool).(2).WeknowEnglishis_____and_____(important).5.句型“The+比较级……，the+比较级……”表示“越……就越……”；e.g.Themorebooksyouread,themoreyou’llknow.你读书越多，你知道的就越多Thelazieryouare,thepooreryouwillbe.你越懒就会越穷Themore,thebetter.越多越好C.最高级的用法1.适用于三者或三者以上，常与：of…,in…等连用，其前常有the.e.g.(1)Whichis_______(big),theearth,themoonorthesun?(2)Mayis________(slim)ofthethreegirls.(3)Mumis________(busy)inmyfamily.2.注意以下情况：(1)序数词后常用最高级e.g.Huangheisthesecond_____(long)riverinChina.(2)oneof+最高级+复数名词(表示最…之一)e.g.Changzhouisoneof___(beautiful)citiesinJiangsu.三．比较级与最高级的同义转换e.g.(1).ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.=ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.(同一范围)(2).ShanghaiisbiggerthananycityinJapan.(不同范围)四：本节课听懂了吗？试试看，相信你是聪明善思的：Ourcityisgetting___________.A.moreniceB.muchbeautifulC.moremuchbeautifulD.muchnicer2.Ofthefiveboys,Maxis________.A.thinnestB.themostcheerfulC.morehandsomeD.thecarefulest3.Amyisthe_________girlofthetwo.A.slowerB.moreslowlyC.mostslowlyD.slowest4.IthinkUnitFiveismuchmore_______(难).三．熟背下列内容1.常用的双写末尾字母加-er,-est的形容词有:big,slim,thin,hot,fat,red,fit,wet(潮湿)，sad,glad等2.不规则变法good/wellbetterbestill/bad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestoldolderelderoldesteldest基础练习一．单选题()1.Thesunis______thantheearth.A.big B.verybigC.bigger D.thebiggest()2.“Myheartwillgoon”wasoneof________songsof1998.A.popularest B.morepopularC.popular D.themostpopular()3.Thisfilmis_____interestingthanthatone.A.more B.much C.very D.themost()4.Whichdoyoulike_____,teaorcoffee?A.well B.better C.best D.most()5.Thisshirtisnotgood.Thatoneiseven___.

A.better B.worse C.well D.worst()6.Thebabycried________.A.harderandharderB.hardestandhardestC.moreandmorehardD.hardandhard()7.Heis________ofthetwo.A.taller B.thetallerboyC.thetallestboy D.thetallboy()8.Thisboxis________thatone.

A.heavythanB.soheavythan C.heavierasD.asheavyas()9.Ithinkthestoryisnotas_______asthatone.

A.interestingB.interestedC.moreinterestingD.mostinteresting()10.Thesechildrenare_______thisyearthantheywerelastyear.

A.moretallB.moretallerC.verytaller D.muchtaller()11.Itwasveryhotyesterday,butitis_______today.

A.evenhotterB.morehotterC.muchmorehotD.muchhot()12.Ourclassroomis______largerthantheirs.

A.more B.quite C.very D.much()13.Mathsismorepopularthan_______.

A.anyothersubject B.allthesubjectsC.anysubjectD.othersubject()14.Tomisstrongerthan______inhisclass.

A.anyotherboy B.anyboys C.anyboyD.otherboy()15.Ilike______oneofthetwobooks.

A.theolder B.oldest C.theoldest D.older()16.Ofthetwocups,hebought_______.A.thesmallerB.thesmallestC.small D.smaller()17.Whojumped____ofall?

A.far B.farther C.farthest D.themostfar()18.Thefifthorangeis____ofall.Giveittothatsmallchild.

A.big B.bigger C.thebigger D.thebiggest()19.Englishisoneof______spokenintheworld.A.theimportantlanguagesB.themostimportantlanguagesC.mostimportantlanguageD.themostimportantlanguage()20.Beijingisoneof________inChina.

A.thelargestcityB.thelargecitiesC.thelargercitiesD.thelargestcities二．用所给词的正确形式填空1.Shanghaiis________thanBeijing.Itis___________cityinourcountry.(large)2.Billisn’tas______asMike.Tomis______thanMike.Whois__________ofthethreeboys?(old)3.Marydrawsas______asBill,andsheismuch_______thanhimatsinging.(well,good)4.Tom,JonandIboughtacomputereachlastweek.John’scomputerismuch______________thanTom’sandmine.Itis___________________ofthethree.(expensive)5.Itisalittle__________todaythanyesterday.(wet)6.Whatcityis________________(beautiful),Dalian,OingdaoorSanya?7.Intheexams,the___________(care)you’re,the______(few)mistakesyou’llmake.8.Thesetwoshoesaremuchtoo_____(big)forme.9.Itwasmuch_____(cold)thanyesterday.10.I’mdoing_____(good)thistermthanlastterm.11.Sheis_________(thin)ofthetwogirls.12.It’svery_____inOctober,butit’seven_____inDecember.(cold)13.TheHuangheRiveristhesecond______(long)riverinourcountry.14.He’squite_____(tired).Let’sleavenow.15.Mostpeopleinourcountryaregetting_________________(越来越富裕).三．翻译句子1.我想潜水是最有趣的活动之一。aIthinkdiving___________________________________________2.Jack是我们班最细心的。Jack___________________________________________________3.你英语考试中越认真，犯的错误就越少。The_________________youareintheEnglishtest,the_______________youwillmake.4.Lily的房间很整洁，而我的房间比她的房间更整洁。Lily’sroomis________________,but______is_________________.5.那两个男人中较胖的是我爸爸。____________________ofthetwomaninmyfather.Grammar复习形容词的作用以及在句中的位置做定语做表语表示一类人形容词的比较级和最高级规则变化1.+er/est2.+r/st3.以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词改y为i再加er/est：4.重读闭音节的形容词双些词尾再加er/est：5.多音节形容词在单词前加上more/most(less/least)不规则变化：good/wellbad/ill/badlymany/muchlittlefarold什么时候使用形容词的比较级两个人或事物比较，用“比较级+than”Which/whois+比较级，AorB?比较级+and+比较级（越来越。。。）:biggerandbigger;moreandmore+多音节的形容词（越来越。。。）:moreandmorebeautifulthe+比较级+ofthetwo(两者中比较….的一个)much,alittle,far,even+比较级，表示更……或……得多：好得多________________,早一点儿______________更糟糕___________________The+比较级…,the+比较级…:Themore,thebetter.Thehigheryouclimbthemountain,thethinnertheairis.类似acheaperpair,asmallerone的固定搭配比较级+than+anyother单复数数名词+范围=比较级+than+theother复数名词NanjingisbiggerthananyothercityinJiangsu.\==什么时候使用形容词的最高级三个以上的人或物相比较使用最高级，且最高级前面必须加定冠词the,关键词：in、of.in表示在什么范围内，of表示属于同一范畴。如：1.Heisthetallest_______theboys.Heisthetallest_______hisclass2.Thesunisthenearest_________spaceThesunisthenearest_________ofallthestarsoneofthe+最高级+名词复数，表示最。。。。。。之一：oneofthebiggestcitiesthe+序数词+最高级+名词单数表示第几个最。。。。。：thefirstlongestriver物主代词/名词所有格+最高级+名词：我最好的朋友同等程度的比较as….as…..,notas…as…,notso…as…（1）Myschoolbagisnotasbigasyours.==（2）BillrunsasfastasDaniel.(否定句)==（3）Myhouseisnotbeautifulasyours(同义句)==(4)Idon’tthinkswimmingisasinterestingashiking.(同义句)thesamecolourasthesamesizeas=asbigasthesameheightas=asheavyasthesameageas=asoldasthesamelengthas=aslongasthesameweightas=asheavyas名词数量多与少的比较more/fewer+可数名词+thanmore/fewer+可数名词必须放在谓语动词之后more/less+不可数名词+thanmore/less+不可数名词必须放在谓语动词之后我的苹果比你多Ihavemoreapplesthanyou.（）Myapplesaremorethanyou（）你的家庭作业比我的少。YourhomeworkislessthanI()YouhavelesshomeworkthanI（）Lucy加入的俱乐部比Lily的多。Lucy’sclubsaremorethanLily’sLucyjoinsmoreclubsthanlily.连在一起的morethan是__________.我每天睡觉超过八小时。连在一起的lessthan是____________她每天花不到两个小时的时间做作业。形容词如何变比较级和最比较级规则的变法有以下几种变法：第一种：单音节和双音节的单词加er通常形容词直接加er,est,如：smart-smarter-smartest以e结尾的单词，直接加r,st,如nice-nicer-nicest以辅音+y结尾的单词，变y为i,再加er,est,$0happy-happier-happiest以重读闭音结尾的单词，双写末尾字母，再加er,est,如fat-fatter-fattest第二种：三个音节及以上的单词加more女口beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful注：在一个炎热的大夏天,有一个大胖子想要减肥变瘦变苗条,但是他失败了,所以他很伤心。这句话囊括了常见的重读闭音节结尾的单词,有hot,big,fat,thin,slim,sad,除此之外还有一个red。其比较级分别为hotter,bigger,fatter,thinner;slimmer;sadder,redder0易混点：双音节单词如何选择加er还是more虽然把双音节归纳为直接加er的，但是在实际运用过程中，有些双音节单词是加more的。那么双音节单词如何选择加er还是more?常见的规则如下：1.双音节+er以辅音+y或ow结尾的单词，通常是加er的，如healthy-healthier,shallow-shallower以-er(-ure)结尾的，通常加er,如bitter,tender,以成音节的[I](—般拼写作・le)结尾的，通常加er,如able,gentle,simple2•双音节+more以后缀-ful,-less,-ous,-ish,-ive结尾加more,如carefubuseful>foolish»serious以两个辅音字母结尾的加more,如modest>honest由分词、名词和其它词类转化而成的双音节形容词，如bored,boring,worried,worrying,tired,tiring,wounded比较级不规则的变法有以下单词:原级比较级最高级many/muchmoremostgood/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstoldelder/oldereldest/oldestfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestlittlelessleast巩固练习一、根据句意及首字母填空:1.MrLihasagoodsenseofh______.Healwaysmakesuslaugh.2.Shedoesn’thascurly(卷曲)hair.Shehass__________hair.3.Hisdaughterhaspoore_____.Shecan’tseethewordsontheblackboard.4.MrSunlookss_________inthenewpairofsunglasses.5.Manygirlsinourclassarep_________.6.MrsSmithhasal________babygirl.Wealllikeher.7.Mybrotherlikesrunning,soheiss__________.8.Mysistereatslittlefoodeveryday,sosheisveryweakandt______.9.---Idon’tthinkLiuDehuaish________。—Ireallydon’tagreewithyou.10.Mydaughterhasa__________(圆的)facelikeanapple.11.Youshoulddoyour_______tostudyhard.(good)12.Don’tbe_________allday,it’snotgoodforyourhealth.(happy)13.Simonis__________inhisclass.Ithink.(care)14.Canyouworkoutthismathproblem?(correct)15.Shanghaiis(hot)insummer,andNanjingis(hot)thanShanghai.16.Thisbookisnotas(interest)asthatone.17.Thereare（many）studentsinClassOnethaninClassTwo18.Girlslikelookingat(they)inthemirror.19.Amyisoneofthebest(swim)attheschool.20.Itisa___________(please)waytohaveanEnglishtestlikethat.21.Heisoneofthe_________(friendly)peopleintheclass,Ithink.22.Adictionaryismuch_________(expensive)thanastory-book.23.Anorangeiaalittle______(big)thananapple,butmuch________(small)thanawatermelon.24.TheChangjiangRiveristhe_______(long)riverinChina.25.Saturdayismy_________(busy)dayinaweek.26.Hermotherisgetting____________(fat)and________(fat).27.Ithinkit'stooexpensive.I'dlikea________(cheap)one.28.Thisbookisnotas___________(interesting)asthatone.29.Practiseas____(much)asyoucan..The____(much),the________(good).30.________(ski)isoneofmyfavoriteoutdoor____________(activity).二、选择填空()1.Theycomefromthesame______buttheyareindifferent_______.A.country,classB.countries,classesC.country,classesD.countries,class()2..It’sverycoldoutside.Whydon’tyou________onyourcoat?A.putsB.putC.puttingD.toput()3.Wouldyouplease________yourshoesonthefloor?A.notthrowB.nottothrowC.notthrowingD.notthrew()4..Iboughtabook_________alotofpicturesinit.A.hasB.withC.andD.about()5.Theywillneverforgetthefilm,____________?A.dotheyB.willtheyC.don’ttheyD.won’tthey()6.Webecame______atthe_______news.A.bored,boredB.boring,boringC.bored,boringD.boring，bored()7.Myfatherlooked___atmymedal(奖杯).Helooked________.A.happy,happyB.happy,happilyC.happily,happyD.happily,happily()8.---__________?---He’sfriendlyandhelpful.A.HowisheB.What’shelikeC.What’sheD.Howabouthim()9.Idon’tlikesummerbecauseit’s__________hot.A.toomuchB.muchtooC.verymuchD.somuch()10.YesterdayIreadthisnewspaper,butIcouldn’tfind____.A.somethinginterestingB.anythinginterestingC.interestingsomethingD.interestinganything()11.Ithinkswimmingis___________hiking.A.asi