北师大版unit19复习

Unit19Language基础知识提要核心单词根据提示写出英语单词或汉语意思。1.___________v.使兴奋2.___________v.束紧3.____________v.告知通知4.____________v.与…相似5.____________n.赞成；同意6.____________v.购买7.____________vt.使尴尬8.____________v.包围围绕9.____________vt.保证，确保10.___________v.

祝贺11.___________(vt)调节12.___________(vt)告知thrillfasteninformresembleapprovalpurchaseembarrasssurroundensurecongratulateadjustinform13.__________(n)理论14.__________(n)咖啡馆15.__________(adj)足够的16.__________(adj)准时的17.____________(n)能力18.__________(vt)登记19.__________(v)扩大20.__________(n)候选人21.__________(v)达到22.__________(adj)僵硬的23.__________(n)偷窃24.______________(adj)不知不觉的25.__________(n)地球theorycafeteriaadequatepunctualcompetenceregisterenlargecandidateattainrigidtheftunconsciousglobe26.algebra_________________27.geometry________________28.bacteria________________29.stewardess_______________30.manual___________________31.accelerate_______________32.acquisition______________代数几何细菌女乘务员手册加速(语言)习得词类转换按要求写出下列单词的适当形式。1.advance(v.)___________(adj.)高级的类似:disappoint(v.)_______________(adj.)失望2.communicate(v.)________________(n)通信类似:observe(v.)___________(n.)观察3.confuse(v.)___________(n)弄乱类似:conclude(v.)____________(n.)结论4.congratulate(v.)______________祝贺类似:celebrate(v.)______________(n.)庆祝5.accurate(adj.)___________(n)精确度类似:fluent(adj.)___________(n.)流利度advanceddisappointedcommunicationobservationconfusionconclusioncongratulationcelebrationaccuracyfluency6.acquire(v.)_____________(n)获得类似:explain_____________(n.)获得7.adjust(v.)_____________(n)调节类似:announce(v.)_______________(n)布告8.offend(v.)_____________(n)冒犯类似:defend(v.)_________________(n.)保卫9.register(v.)_______________(n)注册类似:pronounce(v.)________________(n.)发音10.absence(n.)___________(adj)不存在的类似:silence(n.)_____________(adj.)沉默的acquisitionexplanationadjustmentannouncementoffencedefence/defenseregistrationpronunciationabsentsilent重要词组1.______________学会2.______________由……组成3.______________不理会不顾4.______________故意地5.______________意识到6.______________与……不同7.______________提前地8.______________集中9._____________________为了……目的10.____________________弄糊涂catchonconsistofregardlessofonpurposebeawareofdifferfrominadvancefocusonforthepurposeofcauseconfusion11.pointat_________________12.congratulatesbonsth______________13.catchholdof________________14.standout___________________15.goaheadwith__________________16.teamup_____________________17.keepto______________________18.provided(that)________________19.relyon_______________________20.keep…inmind________________指着祝贺某人某事抓住不放手突出,站在外面在……方面取得进步合作坚持,信守如果,条件是依靠记住重要考点突破核心单词1.resemblevt.像……；与……相似(lookorbelike)★拓展：______________n.

相似类似■运用：用resemble翻译下列句子。(1)你的单车与我的差不多。__________________________________________(2)你非常像你的母亲。__________________________________________resemblanceYourbicycleresemblesmine.Youresembledyourmotherveryclosely.2.purchasevt.&n.购买(buy,buying)◆辨析：purchase是较为正式的用语，buy是普通用语，意义较为广泛。■运用：用purchase翻译下列句子。(1)你必须提前21天购票。__________________________________________(2)我打算在乡间买一所房子。__________________________________________Youmustpurchaseyourtickets21daysinadvance.Iintendtopurchaseahouseinthecountry.3.approvaln.

赞成，同意★拓展：__________v.赞成，同意■运用：用approval翻译下列句子。(1)他用赞许的眼光看了看儿子。Shelookedatherson_____________.(2)她想赢得父亲的同意。Shewantedto_____________________________.(3)他用微笑表示赞成。______________________bysmiling.approvewithapproval.winherfather’sapproval.Heshowedhisapproval4.embarrassvt.使……尴尬★拓展：请用下列两个单词填空。embarrassedadj.

感到尴尬的embarrassingadj.使人尴尬的The____________situationmadeher___________.■运用：用embarrass翻译下列句子。(1)不要问有关个人隐私的问题，以免使他们尴尬。Don’t______________withpersonalquestions。(2)他丈夫粗鲁的举动使她难堪。Herhusband’srudebehavior________________(3)别提出那令人尴尬的话题。Don'tbringupthat___________________.embarrassingembarrassedembarrassthemembarrassedher.embarrassingtopic5.fastenvt.&vi.栓，扣，集中（目光、注意力）★拓展:用适当的介词或副词填空。(1)fasten_____抓住，采纳，强加于(2)fasten_____关紧，捆牢(3)fastenone’seyes_____sb.盯住某人■运用：用fasten翻译下列句子(1)他定睛注视着我。________________________________________(2)把那只手提箱关紧。________________________________________(3)总统立刻采纳了这个意见。________________________________________onuponHefastenedhiseyesonme.Fastenthatsuitcaseup.Trmv.

通知告知(giveinformationto)★搭配:用适当的介词填空。(1)informsb.______sth.通知某人某事(2)informoneself______thefacts使自己了解事实(3)keepmeinformed_____sth.告诉我某事■运用:用inform翻译下列句子。(1)如果他回来了，请告诉我。Ifhecomesback,________________________(2)他告诉了我他的旅行计划。______________________________________(3)有事，请随时告诉我。Please_______________________________whathappens.(4)他将通知我们去哪儿。________________________________(5)他被告知他已经被开除了。He______________________hehadbeenfired.ofofofpleaseinformmeHeinformedmeofhistravelplans.keepmeinformedof/aboutHewillinformwheretogo.wasinformedthat7.surroundv.

包围★拓展：surroundingadj.

周围的n.环境(复数)■运用：用surround翻译下列句子。(1)这个城市被一条河流包围着.。_______________________________________(2)快乐幸福围绕你。Joyandhappiness__________________.(3)部队已将该城包围。Troops__________________________________.(4)我们生活在舒适的环境中。Wearelivinginpleasant____________.Thecityissurroundedbyariver.surroundyouhavesurroundedthetownsurroundingssurroundings8.ensurevt.保证；担保(makesure)★搭配:ensuresb.sth.向某人担保某事

ensurethat+clause保证……■运用：用ensure翻译下列句子。(1)务必确保所有窗户都关紧了。__________________________________________(2)这药物能保证你有健康的体魄。__________________________________________Pleaseensurethatallthewindowsareclosed.Themedicinewillensureusahealthybody.9.thrillv.(使……)感到兴奋★拓展：(1)_________adj.

毛骨悚然的，颤动的(2)_________n.使人毛骨悚然的东西■运用：用thrill翻译下列句子。(1)这位旅行者的经历使我们惊骇不已。(vt.)Thetraveller_____________withhisstories.(2)她的谈话使他很激动。(vt.)He______________byherconversation.(3)她收到邀请时很激动。(vi.)She____________attheinvitation.thrillingthrillerthrilleduswasthrilledthrilled10.congratulatevt.祝贺★拓展：________________n.祝贺(常用复数)◆搭配：congratulatesb.______sth./doingsth.为某事祝贺某人※注意：congratulate后的宾语只能是人。★比较：celebrate(庆祝)的宾语是成功、生日等，不能是人。如：celebrateone’sbirthday庆祝某人的生日。■运用：用congratulate翻译下列句子(1)你父母为你的考试成绩而祝贺你。__________________________________________(2)大家都在祝贺刘翔赢得了赛跑。__________________________________________congratulationonYourparentscongratulateyouonyourexamresults.PeoplecongratulatedLiuXiangonwinningtherace.11.adjustv.

调整，校准；适应，习惯★拓展：写出相应的单词。(1)______________n．调整;调节；适应(2)______________adj．可调整的，可调节的◆搭配:用适当的介词填空。(1)adjuststh.(______sth.)调整(以适应/适合)(2)adjust______(doing)sth.适应(做)某事(3)adjustoneself______sth.使自己适应……adjustmentadjustabletototo■运用：请翻译下列句子。(1)我的表快了,我得把它校准。Imust___________________,it'sfast.(2)一个人很难使自己适应他人的习惯。Itisdifficultforsomeoneto_________________________others’habits(3)要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。____________________________theageofyouaudience.(4)我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。Myeyes_____________________thedarkyet．(5)她花了很长时间才适应了在美国独自生活。Ittookheralongtimeto_______________aloneAmerica.(6)动物能使自己适应生存环境。Animals_________________________theenvironment．adjustmywatchadjusthimself/herselftoAdjustyourlanguagetohaven'tadjustedtoadjusttolivingcanadjustthemselvesto重要词组1.catchon明白，理解(understand)；受欢迎(becomepopular)※提示：表示明白什么事，后接介词to。■运用：用catchon翻译下列句子。(1)那首新歌很快就流行起来。_________________________________________(2)我明白了他的意思。__________________________________________(3)我终于明白他们在干什么了。__________________________________________Thenewsongcaughtonreallyquickly.Icaughtontowhathemeant.Ifinallycaughtontowhattheyweredoing.2.consistof由……组成(bemadeupof)※注意:此短语不能用于被动语态。★拓展:consistinsth.主要在于，(内容)主要是■运用：翻译下列句子。(1)对于我来说，学习的乐趣在于过程而不是结果。Forme,thepleasureofstudying__________________(2)这个医疗队包括5名医生和10名护士。Themedicalteam______________________________________________________________(3)中山由19个镇组成。______________________________consistedintheprocess,notresults.consistsof5doctorsand10nurses.ThecityofZhongshanconsistsof19towns.3.regardlessof不管，不顾※提示:regardlessadv.不顾一切地■运用：翻译下列句子。(1)不管花费多少，我都打算买下那本书。I'mbuyingthebook,_______________________.(2)尽管以前我们失败过，但仍要坚持下去。Wewillgoon____________________________.(3)走自己的路，让别人去说吧。Goyourownway_________________________.regardlessofthecostregardlessofpastfailuresregardlessofwhatpeoplesay★联想：(1)具体相同意义和用法的还有inspiteof,despite等介词。Theywentoutinspiteoftherain．尽管下着雨，他们还是出去了。Theyhadawonderfulholiday,despitethebadweather．尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。(2)though,although(尽管)等是表示让步的连词。Althoughmyuncleisold,helooksverystrongandhealthy我的叔叔虽然老了，但他看上去还是很健壮。■翻译：用不同方法翻译下列句子。虽然吃了很多东西，他还是觉得饿。______________________________________________________________________________________________________(1)Despiteeatinglotsoffood,heisstillfeelinghungry.(2)Inspiteof/Regardlessofsomuchfoodhehaseaten,heisstillfeelinghungry.(3)Though/Althoughhehaseatenlotsoffood,heisstillfeelinghungry.4.onpurpose故意地(intentionally)★联想:___________[反义]偶然地■运用：翻译下列句子。(1)她故意把这个秘密告诉了他。_________________________________________(2)你故意打破了那个花瓶。_________________________________________byaccidentShetoldhimthesecretonpurpose.Youbrokethatvaseonpurpose.5.beawareof知道，意识到

beawarethat…知道，意识到■运用：翻译下列句子。(1)我当时意识到我错了。________________________________________(2)约翰已意识到自己做错了事情。________________________________________(3)我意识到我有多么粗鲁了。_________________________________________IwasawarethatIwaswrongthen.Johnhasbeenawareofhavingdonesomethingwrong.I’mquiteawareofhowrudeIam.6.differfrom与……不同(=bedifferentfrom)

ChinesediffersgreatlyfromEnglishinspelling.汉语和英语在拼写上大不相同。

Wedifferfromthemontheissue.我们在这个问题上与他们意见不一。■运用：改写下列各句，使其意义不变。(1)Theshirtdiffersfromthatone._______________________________________(2)Hisviewsdifferfromthoseofhisparents.________________________________________Theshirtisdifferentfromthatone.Hisviewsaredifferentfromthoseofhisparents.7.inadvance提前，预先(beforeintime)

Wealwayspaytherentinadvance.我们总是提前付房租。■运用：翻译下列句子。(1)为了确定他在家，我事先打电话给他。Tomakesurethathewasathome,___________________________________.(2)他们将预付出100美元。_____________________________IcalledhimupinadvanceTheywillpay$100inadvance.8.focuson集中于Alleyeswerefocusedonhim.所有的目光都集中在他身上。★拓展:beinfocus清楚的■运用：翻译下列句子。(1)我把镜头对准了嘉宾们。_______________________________________(3)把注意力集中在你的工作上。__________________________________________(3)这些字看不清楚。Thosecharacters__________________________I’llfocusontheguestsoverthere.Focusyourattentiononyourwork.aren’tinfocus9.keepto坚持，遵守，信守，保持

InEnglandtragicmustkeeptotheleft.在英国，车辆必须靠左行驶。※提示：to是介词。■运用：用keepto翻译下列句子。(1)你得遵守诺言。Youhaveto____________________.(2)只有大家执行计划，事情才能成功。Thingswillonlyworkoutif_________________(3)他们固守传统，只在五月举行婚礼。They____________________ofhavingtheirmarriagesonlyinMay(4)我们必须保持朴实生活的作风。Wemust_________________ofplainliving.keeptoyourpromiseeverybodykeepstotheplan.keeptothecustomkeeptothestyle高级句型1.Itwaspredictedasearlyasthe1700sthatEnglishwouldonedaybethegloballanguageandthathasprovedtobethecaseinthelastfewdecades.早至公元十八世纪，就有预言说，总有一天英语会成为全球性的语言，而最近几十年的情况证明了这一预言。结构分析:全句是由and连接的较长的并列句，前一分句中含有一个重要句型Itwaspredictedthat…(有人预言说……)和一个有用的短语asearlyasthe1700s(早至十八世纪)。后一分句中表示时间的短语inthelastfewdecades常与现在完成时连用。学以致用：用以上句型和短语翻译下列句子。早在二十世纪八十年代，就有人预言中国经济将飞速发长，而最近几十年的情况证明了这一预言。____________________________________________________________________________________________________Itwaspredictedasearlyas1980sthattheChineseEconomicwoulddevelopveryfastandthathasprovedtobethecaseinthelastfewdecades.2.Intoday'sworldbeingabletospeakmorethanonelanguage,includingEnglish,ishowyoustandoutandgetahead.当今世界，你能讲包括英语在内的一门以上的语言，就标志着你与众不同，比其他人进步。结构分析:该句中的beingabletospeakmorethanonelanguage为动名词短语作主语，泛指经常性的一般的情况；how引导一个表语从句。学以致用：翻译下列句子。获得奖学金使得他有机会去了北方某州的一所大学，在那里黑人享有平等的权利，并如他们所愿自由的生活、学习和工作。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Winningascholarshipgavehimthechancetogotoacollegeinoneofthenorthernstates，whereblackpeoplehadequalrightsandwerefreetolive,studyandworkastheywished.3．BythetimeGeorgewasdiscoveredbreedingprogrammeswereknowntobeincreasingthenumbersofothertortoisesub-species,butitwasacknowledgedthathiscasewasdifferent.到乔治被发现的时候为止，人们知道繁殖计划是为了增加其他海龟亚种的数量，但是人们也认识到乔治的情况有所不同。结构分析:全句是个由but连接的并列句，前一分句中有一个bythetime(到……的时候为止)引导的时间状语从句；后一分句中that引导的主语从句，也可将itis/wasacknowledgedthat(人们认为)看作一个句型。Bythetimethepolicearrived,thetreeshadalreadybeencutdown.Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous.学以致用：用bythetime和itis/wasacknowledgedthat翻译下列句子。当警察到时，树木已砍伐。全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.Itisalanguagewithoutwordsthatconsistsofgesturesfacialexpressionsandbodymovementsthatgreatlyaddto–andsometimesevenreplace-spokenlanguage．这是一种没有词语，由手势，面部表情，和身体动作组成的语言，它极大地丰富了，有时甚至取代了——口头语言。结构分析:该句thatconsistsofgesturesfacialexpressionsandbodymovements是定语从句，Itis…thatgreatlyaddto…是强调句型。学以致用：用强调句型翻译下列句子，且要含有一个定语从句。惯坏了孩子都怪这位当医生的父亲。_________________________________Itisthefatherwhoisadoctorthatistoblameforthespoiledchild.单元基础过关一、单词拼写根据句子意思，用本单元单词的适当形式填空。l.He___________(适应)himselfveryquicklytotheheatofthecountry．2.This____________(规则)refersonlytochildren.3.Thepricesofhousesaretrending__________(向上地)4.Heshowedsuchconcernthatpeopletookhimtobea________(亲人)．5.ShespeaksSwahiliwithgreat__________(流利)adjustedregulationupwardrelativefluency6.Thehousewas___________(环绕)byhighwalls7.We______________(祝贺)himonhisbirthday．8.Idon'tlikemakingspeechesinpublic；it'sso______________(难为情)．9.Heknockedtheoldmandownon_________(故意地)．10.Mr.Dickensmadethe______________(通告)atthenewconference.surroundedcongratulatedembarrassingpurposeannouncement二、词形辨别选择适当的词填空并翻译成汉语。1.Shewilltakean______classinEnglish.A.adventureB.advanced2.Weshouldshow______fortheold.A.respectB.represent3.Inthe_______yearsofhislife,hewasahappyman.A.latter/laterB.late4.He’stoo_______tobuyusameal.A.meansB.mean5.The______ofservicehasimproved.A.quantityB.quality6.Finishingtheworkinonedaywasaverygood_______.Afterall,he’sstillachild.A.effectB.effortC.affectBＡＡBBB三、词类转换用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Shelikeshimallthebetterforhis___________(fluency)spokenEnglish.2.___________(accurate)ismoreimportantthanspeedinhisnewjob.3．Nowtheycanhandlethepeople'saffairsquite_______________(competence).4．Pleaselookaftermyhouseduringmy___________(absent)5．Tostop__________(globe)warmingweshouldmakeimmediateandcontinualefforts.fluentAccuracycompetentlyabsenceglobal6．Womenusedtohavelittle___________(liberal).7．Wewenttothepartywithourparents____________(approve).8.Shewas_______________(embarrass)whentheyaskedherage.9．Hewas______________(conscious)ofhismistake，orhewouldapologize.10．Thisinstrumentisusedtomeasure___________(accelerate).libertyapprovalembarrassedunconsciousacceleration四、词组填空用本单元所学词组的适当形式填空或完成句子。differfrom,pointat,consistof,catchon,onpurpose,regardlessof,focuson,inadvance,standout,congratulate…on…1.Hecontinuedspeaking,_______________myfeelingonthematter.2.Herbrightredhairmadeher____________fromtheothers．3.Theguide____________acastleandtoldusthatitwasbuilthundredsofyearsago．4.Paulalwayspronouncesmynamewrong.Doyouthinkhedoesit____________?5.SheisspeakingsofastthatIcanhardly____________towhatsheissaying．regardlessofstandoutpointedatonpurposecatchon6.Ifyouwanttowatchthe2008OlympicGames，you'llhavetobookyourticket____________.7.Modembicycles____________theearlyonesinmanymajorways．8.TheUnitedKingdom____________GreatBritainandNorthernIreland．9.Wesentthematelegram,________________them________theirsuccess．10.Nowthepublicattentionis____________thepricesofdailynecessities.inadvancedifferfromconsistsofcongratulatingonfocusedon五、语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。(1)Peopleoftenusebodylanguage1______purpose.Someone2______doesnotknowtheanswertoaquestionwillmovetheirshouldersupwardsawayfromtheirupperbodyandthenletthemfall,3__________(mean),“Idon’tknow”.4__________,bodylanguagecanbeunconsciousaswell.Apersonwhoisfeeling5_______________(comfortable)ornervouswilloftenholdtheirbodyinaveryrigidmannerandhave6______tightlookabouttheirmouths.