高中英语人教版Unit2Workingtheland 单元检测卷

单元检测卷(二)第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AChina，endowedwithrichagriculturalresources，hasalonghistoryoftraditionalfarmingpracticewithintensive(精细的)cultivation(耕作)asitsessenceisoneofthemostimportantachievementsofthehumandevelopmentofagricultureandruralareasinChinaisfacedwithmanyChinesegovernmenthasmadeanumberofimportantpoliciesandmeasurestocauseafastergrowthoffarmers’incomeandnarrowtheeverenlargingincomegapbetweenruralandurbanresidentsassoonaspossiblemainlythroughfinishingastrategyofbalancedsocialandeconomic’llgivetoppriorityinallworktosolvingproblemsfacingagriculture，farmersandruralareas，focusingonthefollowingsevenaspects.Firstlywe’llpromotefasterincreaseoffarmers’we’llprotectandincreasetheoverallcapacityofgrainwewillcontinuetopromotestrategicrestructuringofwe’llactivelypromoteprogressinagroscienceandenhanceresearchworkofagriculturalhightechandkeyresearchprograms，andincreaseitsreservewe’llfurtheropenagriculturetotheoutsideworldandactivelydevelopagriculturaltradewithotherwe’llspeedupthetransferofrurallaborsanddevelopruralsecondaryandtertiary(第三的)we’llcontinuetodeepenruralreforms.Priorities(优先权)willbeplacedonreformofrurallandsystem，taxandadministrativecharges，graindistributionsystemandruralfinancial，agriculturaldevelopmenthasdifficulttasksandalongwaytoroadaheadisbynomeans，China’sagriculturewillgivefullplaytoitsadvantages，overcomeanydifficulties，enteranewstageofdevelopmentandmatchtowardsabrighternewfutureinthenewcentury!1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enhance”inParagraph2mean?A．Weaken. B．Design.C．Strengthen. D．Effect.答案C解析词义猜测题。结合上下文语境可知，enhance表示“增强；提高”，而四个选项中，只有strengthen可表此意。2．What’stheChina’sancientcivilization?A．Therichagriculturalresources.B．Theintensivecultivation.C．Thecapacityofgrainproduction.D．Thestrategyofbalanceddevelopment.答案B解析细节理解题。从第一段第二句可知中国传统农业的精耕细作是人类文明所取得的重大成就之一。3．Whatpolicydoyouthinkisthemostimportant?A．Promotingfasterincreaseoffarmers’income.B．Protectingthecapacityofgrainproduction.C．Promotingstrategicrestructuringofagriculture.D．Continuingtodeepenruralreforms.答案A解析推理判断题。从第二段所列的七项优先发展的问题中，最重要的应该放在第一位，因此应该是第一条，即“Firstlywe’llpromotefasterincreaseoffarmers’income.”，故选A项。4．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．China’sagriculturalresourcesB．China’sagriculturesevenaspectsC．ReformofChina’sagricultureD．AgricultureinChina答案D解析标题归纳题。整篇文章都是在介绍中国的农业，因此标题用中国的农业最合适。BWhenyouheartheword“farm”，chancesareyourpictureofrollinghillsinthecountrycoveredwithcowsandsomescientists，engineersandcityplannerssaythefarmsofthefuturecouldbeindoorsinsideskyscrapers(摩天大楼)intheworld’smostpopulatedcities.Itmightsoundcrazy，butinfact，someofthetechnologyforgrowingcropsindoorsalreadyNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)，hasbeenexperimentingforyearswithmethodsforgrowingfreshfruitsandvegetablesonthemoonorevenonMars.Bringingfarmingindoorssolvesanumberof，traditionalfarmingtakesupalotoftheyear2050，theworldpopulationwillgrowbyanotherthreepopulationsgrow，thelandavailableforfarmingarenowwonderingwherewewillgrowthefoodforallthese，anecologistatColumbiaUniversity，andhiscolleaguessay“verticalfarming”—growingcropsinskyscraperstensofstorieshigh—istheanswer.Citiesthatgrowtheirownfoodalsowouldbecomemoreselfreliantandnolongerbeatriskofnaturaldisasters，weatherinstability(不稳定)orinsectpests(害虫)．“Youcancontroleverythingcan’tcontrolanythingoutdoors.”Despommiersays.Verticalfarmsdon’texistsupporterssayawelldesignedverticalfarmcouldbeselfreliant，abletorecyclewater，compost(将……做成混合肥)cropwaste，andusegasesgivenoffintheprocesstoheatthethewasteofthelivestock(牲畜)livinginthebuildingcouldberecycledasasourceofenergy.Butsomebelievemakingthemovetoverticalfarmingwillnotbesoeasy.“Iwouldsayitisgoingtobetough，”saysGeneGiacomelli，whoheadsuptheControlledEnvironmentAgricultureCenterattheUniversityofArizonainTucson.Itcanbetrickytoregulateclimateconditionsindoors，hethecorrectbalanceofhumidity(湿度)canbeespeciallychallengingandplantshavedifferentweatherandlightinglikewarm，sunnyweather，whilegreenslikelettuceprefercoolernearlyallcropplantsrequirelotsofsunlight.Copyingsunlightischallenging，butscientistsarelearninghowtomakeartificiallightsthatproducethecolors，orwavelengths，oflight，especiallyredandblue，thatcropplants，artificial，electriclightspresenttheirownlightsareinefficient，butmoreefficient(高效能的)lightingsystemsarestilltooexpensiveforwidespreaduse.That’snottosaythesechallengeswon’tbeovercome，butitwilltakeexpertssuggestitwouldbeanywherebetweenfiveandfifteenyearsbeforethefirstverticalfarmscouldbecreated.5．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Thewaystosolvethefoodproblemoftheworld.B．Anewfarmingtechnology—“verticalfarming”．C．Themainproblems“verticalfarming”isfacing.D．Theadvantages“verticalfarming”willbringus.答案B解析主旨大意题。文章主要从垂直农业的优点、面临的问题、前景等几个方面展开叙述。所以此题答案为B项。C和D两项只谈及了垂直农业的某一个方面，不够全面。A项与文章无关。6．Tothefutureof“verticalfarming”，theauthorisaccordingtothepassage.A．doubtful B．pessimisticC．optimistic D．proud答案C解析推理判断题。文章介绍了垂直农业的优点以及它所面临的一些技术难题。从文章最后一段中更能看出作者对于垂直农业前景持乐观态度：尽管困难很大，但并非不能被克服。假以时日，这些问题都能被一一解决。故应选C项。7．WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsdoesNOTfitawelldesignedverticalfarm?A．Thewaterinitcanberecycledandthecropwastecanbecomposted.B．Wasteofthelivestockcanberecycledasasourceofenergy.C．Thebuildingsinwhichaverticalfarmliesshouldlookbeautiful.D．Thegasesgivenoffintheprocesscanbeusedtoheatthebuilding.答案C解析细节理解题。在文章的第五段可找到A、B、D三个选项的依据。而C项文章并未提及，故此题答案应为C项。8．Thefollowingarethebenefitsof“indoorsfarming”EXCEPTthat.A．“indoorsfarming”canhelppeopletosavealotoflandB．cropscanbeprotectedfromtheharmofnaturaldisasterC．cropswillbefreefromthedamagecausedbyinsectpestsD．“indoorsfarming”canhelppeoplesavealotofmoney答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段可知，尽管垂直农业所面临的一些问题可能会被解决，但文中举了灯光的例子用来说明解决这些问题需要大量的费用。所以垂直农业目前不但不能帮助人们节省钱，反而可能增加费用。故应选D项。CAcoupleofyearsago，in2023，IgotlaidofffromadecentjobatacarwaswithtwoIstartedcollectingcoupons(优惠券)．Itwaslikegoingbacktomyearlydays，whenmoneywastight，andIclippedcouponstosaveasinglemomisverydifficult，especially，withalittleoranuncertainchildtosupport.IwantedtodosomethingwhereIwouldalwayshaveajobregardlessofthehaveheardfrommanypeoplethatwomen’sbeautysalonsarealmostrecessionresistant(抗衰退)，wherewomenwouldcontinuetospendmoneytolookandfeelIdecidedtogivethatatryandwenttoabeautyschoolforafewmonths.Luckily，IlikethatkindofintothisworkactuallyenabledmetoseetheothersideoflearnedtogivegreatcustomerthingsIcomplainedaboutwhenIwasacustomer，Iwasabletolookatthoseproblems，andmadesuretheydidnotIwaspromptlyhiredatalocalbeautyplace.Iamdoingwell，andmakinggoodeconomydidcauseourstore’sincometodropalittle，butwedidn’thavetoshutofourcoworkersagreedtotakeasmallpaycutsowecouldstayintheeconomyimprovesandpeoplestartspendingagain，Iamsureourbusinesswilldoevenbetter.Mymessageis—don’tgetdiscouragedifyougetlaidaroundforothershutsonedoorbutheopensanother，youknow.9．Whydidthewriterbegintocollectcoupons?A．Tosavemoney.B．Totakeupanewhobby.C．Toremembertheolddays.D．Togivechildrenasplaythings.答案A解析细节理解题。由首段中的“Itwaslikegoingbacktomyearlydays，whenmoneywastight，andIclippedcouponstosavemoney.”可知答案。10．Thewriterwenttoabeautyschoolbecause.A．shewasawomanofgreatbeautyB．shelikedtogetagoodeducationC．shewantedtospendmoneytolookbetterD．thewomen’sbeautysalonisanidealfieldinrecession答案D解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“IwantedtodosomethingwhereIwouldalwayshaveajobregardlessoftheeconomy.”可知，作者生活拮据，且逢经济萧条，所以想找一份稳定的工作。11．From，wecanlearnthatthewriter.A．feelsastrongsenseofresponsibilityB．thinksitunwisetoalwayscomplainC．hasanideaabouthowtojudgecustomersD．usedtomakecomplaintsagainstbadservice答案A解析推理判断题。由第三段中的“...Iwasabletolookatthoseproblems，andmadesuretheydidnothappen.”可知，作者是个责任感很强的人，对待顾客服务很到位。12．Theauthorwritesthispassageto.A．provethatGodisfairB．inspirehopeintheunemployedC．attractmorewomentowomen’sbeautysalonsD．showthatthosewhoworkhardwintheworld答案B解析写作意图题。由文章最后一段可推测出，作者讲述自己的故事，旨在燃起失业人们的希望之火。DTheCambridgeScienceFestivalCuriosityChallengeDaretoTaketheCuriosityChallenge!TheCambridgeScienceFestival(CSF)ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannualCuriositychallengeinvites，evendaresschoolstudentsbetweentheagesof5and14tocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityandhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.Studentsarebeingdaredtodrawapicture，writeanarticle，takeaphotoorwriteapoemthatshowswhattheyarecuriousenterthechallenge，allartworkorpiecesofwritingshouldbesenttotheCambridgeScienceFestival，MITMuseum,265MassAvenue，Cambridge02139byFriday，February8th.StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonoredataspecialceremonyduringtheCSFonSunday，Aprilspeakerswillalsopresentprizestotheentrieswillbepublishedinaentrieswillbeexhibitedandprizeswillbeofthosewhotakepartwillbeincludedinthecelebrationandbrunchwillbeserved.BetweenMarch10thandMarch15th，eachwinnerwillbegiventhespecificsoftheclosingceremonyandtheCuriosityChallengeprogramguidelinesandotherrelatedinformationareavailableat：http：2023·新课标全国Ⅰ，A)13．WhocantakepartintheCuriosityChallenge?A．Schoolstudents. B．Cambridgelocals.C．CSFwinners. D．MITartists.答案A解析细节理解题。从文章第一段第二句“Thechallengeinvites，evendaresschoolstudentsbetweentheagesof5and14to...”不难得知，该项目是让学生来参赛的。14．Whenwilltheprizegivingceremonybeheld?A．OnFebruary8th. B．OnMarch10th.C．OnMarch15th. D．OnApril21st.答案D解析细节理解题。从文章第三段第一句“StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonoredataspecialceremonyduringtheCSFonSunday，April21st.”不难得知，颁奖的日期是4月21日。15．Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A．Anexhibitionguide. B．Anartshowreview.C．Anannouncement. D．Anofficialreport.答案C解析文章体裁题。通读文章可知，这是一则激励学生参赛的通知，该通知同时介绍了参赛的注意事项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FiveStepstoBetterHandwritingSomekidslovehandwriting，butothershatewhenit’stimetoputtheirpentotheyareworriedabouttheiryouoneofthem？16Herearefivestepsthatreallywork!GetagreatgraspTrythis—holdyourpencilatthetopandtrytowriteyourhard？Butwhenyouholdyourpencilthecorrectway，writingismucheasier.17Holditinplacewithyourthumb，andyourindex(食指)andmiddlefingers.LetthelinesbeyourguideLinedpaperisyourfriend！Thoselinescanhelpyoucreatelettersthataretherightsizeandproportion(均衡)．18Alsobesuretofillupthelinedspacecapitallettersshouldbefromthebottomlinetothetopone.SlowdownIfyourwritingishardtoread，tryslowingdownayourush，it’shardtocontrolwhereyoustopandstartyourletters.Lowerthepressure19Thatmakesithardertomakethesmootheasingupanddon’tholdthepenciltootightly.20Lotsofgamesrequireyoutowriteordraweventhoughit’snotschoolwork，you’restillusingtheskillsyouneedtocontrolyourpenbetter.A．Playgames.B．Askformoreadvice.C．So“a”shouldbehalftheheightofacapital“A”．D．You’vebeenwritingsinceyouwerealittlekid.E．Somekidspressdownreallyhardwhentheywrite.F．Thegoodnewsisthatjustabouteveryonecanimprovetheirhandwriting.G．Thebestwaytoholdapenorpencilistoletitrestnexttothebaseofyourthumb.答案第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whatcanbedoneinordertomakesurethatnooneintheworldgoeshungry？Generally21，thehumanracehastheinformationandexperiencetodothis.22，humanshavesofarnotbeen23enoughtomakecorrectdecisions.Ithasbeenprovedthatthewayto24themostfoodisto25farmersgrowcropseithertofeedthefamily26tosell，whicheverthey27tothishappensinChina，itdoesn’thappenin28otherAsianthefarmerscouldfarmthelandthemselves，29productionwouldbemuchmanylessdevelopedcountriesareindebtbecausetheyborrowedmoneyfrom30countriesinorderto31theyfindit32torepaythis33.Asaresult，farmersareforcedto34“cashcrops”(经济作物)，likecoffee，tea，cocoa，nutsandtobaccothataresoldabroadsoastopay35thecountry’s36isthatmuchofthelandis37forcropsthatwill38feedthefewercashcropsweregrown，morefood39beproducedandtherewouldbe40ornostarvation(饥荒)．21． B．speaking C．tospeak D．spoken答案B解析generallyspeaking是固定说法，意为“一般说来”。22． B．WhateverC．Whenever D．Wherever答案A解析however表转折，能用逗号与句子分开的只有however，其他三项均引导让步状语从句。23． B．careful C．just D．wise答案D解析由“tomakecorrectdecisions”可知，人类至今还不够“明智”从而做出正确决定。24． B．cook C．produce D．eat答案C解析由下文“farmersgrowcrops”可知用produce生产。25． B．allow C．permit D．advise答案A解析由省略to的补语grow知用let。其他三项以不定式作补语时都不可以省略to。26． B．nor C．and D．or答案D解析either...or...要么……，要么……。27． B．choose C．prefer D．learn答案B解析由whichever可推断为“选择”。28． B．any C．the D．more答案A解析由countries知用some。any与the放在other前时，其后的名词一般用单数。29． B．teaC．tobacco D．food答案D解析由thewaytothemostfood知选D项。30． B．poorerC．larger D．bigger答案A解析穷的国家当然要从“富裕的”国家借款。31． B．developC．produce D．provide答案B解析developindustry发展工业。32． B．fairC．difficult D．right答案C解析由unfortunately可知，贫穷的国家负债后“很难”还清债务。33． B．moneyC．crops D．industry答案B解析由上文的borrowedmoney知选B项。34． B．produceC．provide D．plant答案D解析经济作物应“种植”(plant)。35． B．off C．for D．by答案B解析payoff偿清债务；payfor付账。36． B．problemC．decision D．change答案B解析由下文看出用problem“(客观存在的)困难”。question疑问，不能肯定的事。37． B．grown C．lived D．sold答案A解析beusedfor被用于……。38． B．seldomC．ever D．never答案D解析由上文知，土地大多用于种植经济作物，所以无法生产足够的粮食，故用never。hardly几乎不；seldom很少。39． B．must C．can D．shall答案A解析由上文可知是if引导虚拟语气的句子，主句用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”。40． B．lessC．smaller D．more答案B解析由nostarvation可知选less(否定意义)与之并列。第Ⅱ卷第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Thereoncewasagoatandadonkeylivedonadonkeyworkedthehardestsothefarmerfeditthemostthedonkeywasgivenmorefooditcouldmadethegoatsojealousitbeganplottingagainst(谋划对付)thedonkey.“Hey，donkey，”thegoatsaidoneday.“Ithinkyoudotoomuchworkonthiscarrysuchheavythingsfrommorningtodon’tyoupretendget(get)sicksoyoucantakeaday？”Thedonkeythoughtthegoathadagreatthenextmorning，thedonkeylayinthestable(畜栏)onitssidewithitseyes(close)．Rightaway，thefarmercalledthelookingatthedonkey，thedoctorsaiditneededaspecialmedicinemadetheheartofathefarmerkilledthegoatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。LastSunday，IwentsightseeingwithmyfriendsintheFairyLakeparkwasfullwithfreshnessandbeautyofspring，withthesunshiningandbirdsIwasenjoyedthefantasticsceneryaround，somethingunpleasantcaughtmyyoungcoupleinaboatareeating，talkingandlaughingloudlyasifweweretheonlypeopleinthewasworse，theyspatandeventhrewrubbishintothelake，totalignoringthenoticeablesign“NoLittering”shame!Suchbehavi