2021-2022学年新高一入学摸底考试英语试卷(新高考)(山东版)

秘密★启用前2021—2022学年新一入学底考试语试（新高考山东版英语试题笔试注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑需改动橡皮擦干净后选涂其他答案标号答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部

阅读（两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AStuckathome?famousmuseumsoffervirtualtoursyoucantakeonyoursofa.AccordingtoFastCompany,GoogleArts&Cultureteamedupwithover2,500museumsandgalleriesaroundtheworldbringyouvirtualtoursandonlineexhibits.GuggenheimMuseum,NewYorkGoogle’sStreetViewletsvisitorstourtheGuggenheim’sfamousspiral(螺旋式staircasewithouteverleavinghome.Fromthere,youcandiscoverincredibleworksofartfromtheImpressionist,PostImpressionist,ModernandContemporarytimes.PergamonMuseum,BerlinAsoneofGermany’slargestmuseums,Pergamonhasalotoffer—evenifyoucan’tphysicallybethere.ThishistoricalmuseumishometoplentyofancientworksincludingIshtarGateBabylonand,ofcourse,thePergamonAltar.VanGoghMuseum,AmsterdamAnyonewhoisafanofthistragic,giftedpaintercanseehisworksupclose(or,

almostupclose)byvirtuallyvisitingthismuseum—thelargestcollectionofartworksbyVincentVanGogh,including200paintings,drawings,andover750personalletters.TheJ.PaulGettyMuseum,LosAngelesEuropeanartworksfromasfarbackasthe8thcenturycanbefoundinthisCaliforniaartmuseum.TakeaStreetViewtourtodiscoverahugecollectionofpaintings,drawings,sculptures,manuscripts,andphotographs.ToseemoreofGoogleArts&Culture’scollectionofmuseums,visitthecollection’swebsite.1.Whichonewillyouvisitifyoulikemodernart?A.PergamonMuseum.C.TheJ.GettyMuseum.

B.GuggenheimMuseum.D.VanGoghMuseum.2.WhowillbeinterestedinPergamonMuseum?A.Onewhoisfondoftragicfilms.B.OnewhoenjoysEuropeanartworks.C.OnewholikespaintingsofVanGogh.D.Onewhoisinterestedinancientartworks.3.WhatisspecialabouttheJ.PaulGettyMuseum?A.ItisoneofthelargestmuseumsintheUSA.B.ItisonlyhometoartworksinCalifornia.C.Itincludesformsofartworkstheworld.D.ItexhibitsEuropeanartworksfromthe8thcentury.BSharkattacksinthescreenamazing.That’sbecauseactualchancesofeverbeingattackedbyasharkaremerein11.5million.That’sroughlythesameasyourchanceswinninganOscar,makessharkattacksurvivor,MikeCootsbothincrediblyandlucky:WhenMikewashelosthislegtoasharkbite.“IwasattackedatigersharkinlateOctober1997.ItwasnearmyhomeontheislandofKauai—atypicalfallmorningwithfriends.Thewaveswerereallygood,

sonothingwasstopping”ThatisuntilalargesharkcamerightupunderandsankhisteethintoMikelowerleg.Ashetriedfreehimself,sharkbitdownharder,shakingitsheadbackforthandtossingaroundaragdoll.Mikefollowedinstinct:Hestruckthesharkinface,againandagainuntilthesharkreleasedAsMikeswambackintoshore,herealizedhislowerrightlegwasgone.Mike’sfriendsrushedtohisaid,andsenthimtothehospital.AssoonasMikewaswell,hedidwhatmanyofusmightconsiderunthinkable:hestartedridingthewavesagain.Infact,hisfirsttimebackwasnearthesitehisattack.ButMikewasunshaken.Instead,wascuriouswhywasheattacked?HiscuriosityledhimtoresearchandMikedidlearnsomethingthatwouldhislife:Humansfarmoredangeroussharksthantheotherwayaround.Hissituationasasharksurvivorempoweredhimtogivesharksvoice,Mikesays.HebeganworkingwiththeHawaiistateauthoritiestohelppassaban(禁令)onshark-derivedproducts.“Ipartneredwithotherlike-mindedsharkattacksurvivorsandmarinebiologists,andweheadedtoWashingtonurge(极力主张)senatorscreateanationwideprotectingsharks.”4.Whydoestheauthorshowthechancesofbeingattackedsharks?A.Toinformreaderssomerelevantknowledge.B.ToshoweveryonethechancewinninganOscar.C.Toattractpeopletowatchsharkattacksinthescreen.D.TohighlightMikeunusualexperienceofthesharkattack.5.HowdidMikesurvivesharkattack?A.Byhittingthesharkhardcontinually.B.Byswimmingdesperatelytheshore.C.Byscreamingloudlyforhisfriendshelp.D.Byshakingheadupanddowntogetaway.6.WhatcamemindwhenMikerodethewavesagain?A.Toovercomehisfearofsharks.B.Tofindoutthereasonforhisbeingattacked.

C.Toprovehumansaremoredangerousthansharks.D.Toresearchonhowsharksattackhumans.7.WhatdidMikedotoprotectsharks?A.Hepassedabanonshark-derivedproducts.B.Heurgedattacksurvivorstoprotectsharks.C.Hetriedtohelptheauthoritiestoprotectsharks.D.HesignednationwidebillinWashington.CToomuchscreentimeforkidscanleadtopoorhealth,theAmericanHeartAssociation(AHA)says.AscientificstatementpublishedbytheAHAinthemedicaljournalaidscreentimefromsmartphones,tabletcomputersandotherdevicescanleadkidstoasedentary(于久坐不动)lifestyle,increasingthepossibilitythattheygrowupasoverweightobese(肥胖的).TheAHAislatestorganizationurgingparentstolimithowmuchtimetheirkidsspendinfrontofscreens.recommendschildrenonetotwohoursofscreentimeeachday.Althoughtelevisionviewingamongchildrenandteenshasdropped,theuseofsmartphonesandtabletcomputershassurged.“Althoughthemechanisms(机制linkingscreentimetoobesityarenotentirelyclear,therearerealconcernsthatscreensinfluenceeatingbehaviors,mainlybecausechildrendon’tnoticewhentheyarefullwheneatinginfrontofascreen,”saidTracieBarnett,aresearcherattheInstitutArmand-FrappierResearchCentre,inastatement.Barnett,oftheauthorsthestatement,urgesparentstokeepscreensoutofkids’bedrooms,raisingthefearthattoomuchscreentimecanaffectsleep.Manystudieshavewarnedaboutthepotential潜在的)negativeeffectsoftoomuchscreentime.Lastyear,astudyfromresearchersatSanDiegoStateUniversity(SDSU)foundnearlyhalfofteenswhospentfiveormoreinfrontofscreenseverydayexperiencedlongperiodsofhopelessnessorsadness.

Apple,whomakestheiOSmobileplatform,planstointroducenewtoolstodeviceshelpusersbackonscreentime.foriOS12,iPhoneswillincludeascreentimefeaturewhereuserscancontrolandreviewhowtheyspendtimeontheirmobiledevices.AnothercompanythatmakestheAndroidplatformwillintroduce“digitalwellbeing”toolssuchasscreentimelimitsanda“winddown”optiontoencourageuserstoputdowntheirphonesbeforebed.8.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword”inparagraphA.Increasedsuddenly.C.Stayedsame.

B.Decreasedslowly.D.Lostthebalance.9.Howdoscreensinfluencechildren’seatingbehavior?A.Bychangingthetimetheyeat.B.Bychangingtasteforfood.C.Byinfluencinghowfasteat.D.Byinfluencingtheirfeelingoffullness.10.WhateffectdidtoomuchscreentimehaveinSDSU’sstudy?A.Itaffectedchildren’ssleep.C.Itresultedindietproblems.

B.Itledtochildren’sobesity.D.Itnegativelyinfluencedmoods.11.WhatwillAppledodealwiththescreentimeproblem?A.Reduceproducts’batterylife.B.Providescreentimefeature.C.Introduce“digitalwell-being”tools.D.Adda“winddown”optiontoitsproducts.DLasVegascityinNevadaisbuiltinadesert.Thecitymaybeknowntotheoutsideworldforitspartying.Butofficialshavefoundthatthereare21squarekilometersuselessThegrassisneverlaidon,playedonorevensteppedon.Thegrassisonlytheretolooknice.Now,thecityisaskingtheNevadastatelegislature(立法机构tobanuselessgrass.ItistryingtobecomethefirstplaceinAmericatobanthatkindofgrassoften

seenbetweenstreets,inhousingdevelopmentsandinofficeparks.Itisestimatedthatuselessgrassmakes40%ofallthegrassinLasanditneedsalotwatertosurvive.Grassfourtimesmorewaterthandryclimateplantslikecactus.Bytearingoutthegrass,thecitycouldreduceyearlywaterusageby15%.In2003,theSouthernWaterAuthoritybanneddevelopersplantinggrassinfrontofnewhomes.Italsoofferedhomeowners$30foreachmetergrasstheytearout.Butfewerpeoplearenowusingtheprogram.WaterusagehasincreasedsouthernNevadaby9%since2019.lastyear,LasVegasarecordof240dayswithoutmajorrainfall.TheColoradoprovidesmuchofNevadadrinkingwater.rivercouldlosemorewaterasclimatechangeaffectsit.Waterofficialsinothercitiessaidwaterusageneedstobereduced.ButtheyfearthereactiontoreformsliketheonesinLasVegasiftheircommunitiesdonotacceptthem.CynthiaCampbellisthewaterresourcesadviserforthecityofPhoenixinArizona.“Theremightcomeapointwhencityrestrictionsgettoosevere苛刻的)forsomeresidents(居民).They’llsaythatisthepointofnoreturnforthem,”Campbellsaid.“Forsomepeople,it’sapool.Forsomepeople,it’s”12.WhydoesLasVegascitytrytobanuselessgrass?A.Toprotectthelocalpeople.C.Toreducewaterusage.

B.Tobeautifycity.D.Toreducewaste.13.WhatprogramwascarriedoutinLasVegasin2003?A.Allowingplantingbeforenewhouses.B.Encouragingtheresidentstotearoutgrass.C.Praisingthosewhosignedtheprogram.D.Awardingthosewhoreducedwaterusage.14.WhatisimpliedinCampbellwordsinthelastparagraph?A.Manyresidents’tfollowtheban.B.Reactiontothereformwillvarypersonally.C.Othermeasuresshouldbetakenprotectwetter.

D.Waterofficialsshouldtakemanyfactorsintoaccount.15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LasVegasPlanstoBanUselessGrassB.AMethodIsAdoptedtoSaveLasVegasC.ChoicesbetweenBeautyPracticeD.GrassIsImportantUselessinLasVegas第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项。Whencomestohavingfuninthesun,it’seasytolosetrackoftime.Ifyou’renotcareful,thiscanbequitedangerous.16Butitcaneasilybeprevented—allyouneedisalittlesunscreen.17Peoplehavebeenusingchemicalpastestoprotectthemselvesthesunforcenturies.ButthefirstmodernsunscreenonthemarketwasofferedbyFrenchcompany:L’orealin1935.Severalothercompanieswerequicktoreleasetheirownsunscreens.Perhapsthebiggestadvancementintheworldofsunscreencameinthe1970s,whenscientistsstartedlookingatsunprotectionfactor,orSPF.18Theadvantagesusingsunscreenobvious.Itlimitsthepainfuleffectsofsunburn.19Millionsofpeoplehavediedfromskincancerbyultravioletrays紫外线).Remembertoapplysunscreenminutesgoingoutside.Unfortunately,therearemanymistakenideasaboutsunscreen.20Somealsothinkyouonlyneedputitononceawholeday’sprotectionorthatyoudon’tneeditoncloudydays.Noneofthesethingsaretrue.Expertssayyoushouldapplysunscreeneverytwohourswhenoutside—thedaytime,matterhowdarkyourskinisorwhattheweatherlike.A.Anditcanevensaveyourlife.B.Sunscreennotexactlyrecentinvention.C.Choosingasunscreen’tassimpleasitusedbe.

D.Indirectsunlight,sunburncanoccurinlessthan15minutes.E.Thisratingisanumberthatshowshoweffectiveasunscreenis.F.It’sbelievedthatyoudon’tneedmuchsunscreenyouhavedarkskin.G.Somethinkagoodmethodistocoverasmuchaspossiblewithprotectiveclothing.第二部

语言运（共两节，分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、、CD四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringbreakfastthismorning,Iwatchedmyson,Jake,dragthekitchenchairtothecounter厨房案).“Neverdragthechairagain,Jake!”Ishouted.He’sbeendoingthisona(n)21basisforoverayear.Eachtimeweseeithappen,wifeand22thesame—shoutingathimstop.Buteachtimewefeel23thatheisnotlearninglesson.AsIreflectonthisfrequently-occurringscene,I24thatI’vebeenlookingatthissituationinthewrongway.HedragsthechairbecausethechargerfortheiPadisonthe25.HewantstositthereandplaywhilethePadbeing26.Mygoalispreventthefloorfrombeingdamaged27hisgoalistoplaythere.Weactuallybecomea(n)28toeachother,gettingineachother’sway29evenknowingit.Forme,thedeeperinsightcomesfromrecognizinghowquicklyand30IkeepusingmypoweroverhimtogetwhatIwantat31ofwhathewants.Ijustify使正当有理thisbehaviorbyremindingmyselfthatIamtheadultandIamteachingson32andkeepinginline.InsteadifItookafewminutesto33whathewanted,Icouldhavemadeachangethat34eachustoachieveourgoals.Whynot35thechargerthelivingroomnexttooursofa?

21.A.single22.A.vote23.A.cautious24.A.expect25.A.sofa26.A.charged27.A.since28.A.stranger29.A.without30.A.sincerely31.A.cost

B.randomB.teachB.disappointedB.imagineB.counterB.restartedB.untilB.barrierB.againstB.secretlyB.request

C.voluntaryC.respondC.nervousC.realizeC.floorC.occupiedC.unlessC.relativeC.byC.repeatedlyC.bottom

D.regularD.functionD.frightenedD.predictD.chairD.programmedD.whileD.attractionD.forD.universallyD.mercy32.A.consequencesB.resistance

C.strategies

D.rules33.A.writedown34.A.allowed35.A.drag

B.thinkaboutB.expectedB.lift

C.searchforC.toldC.throw

D.putawayD.motivatedD.move第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SuzhouisaculturalandhistoricalcityinChina’sJiangsuProvince.Itiscelebratedovertheworlditsclassicalgardens36havebeenaddedthelistofWorldHeritageSites.Theyfirstlaidoutasfarbackthe6thcenturyBCand37(reach)theirtopduringtheperiodfromthe16thcenturytothe18thcentury.Recordsthattherewereovergardensduringtheirgoldenage.Thegardensshowtheimportanceofnatural38(beautiful)inChineseculture.Today,dozensofclassicalgardensarestill39goodcondition,includingtheHumbleAdministratorGarden,which40(have)anareaofsome52,000squaremeters.NoothergardensofSuzhouare41(large)thanit.Itwasoriginallythedwelling(住宅ofLuGuimeng,apoetoftheTangDynasty.42(consider)as“themotherallgardensthesun”,thegarden43(divide)intotheeastern,central,westernandresidentialparts.ThegardensofSuzhouare

44(extreme)elegant(漂亮雅致的)andafeastforthesenses,usedasbothtouristattractions45residentialhouses.Theyalsoaddahumantouchtothenaturaldelights乐趣)ofthegardensthemselves.第三部

写作（两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假如你是李华，你的美国朋友想选修中文作为外语，为此写信征求你的意见。请按以下要求给Peter写一封回信。1.鼓励他选修中文；2.中文的魅力（两点3.学好中文的意义（两点注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Finally,thebellrang.“Don’tforgettopracticeyourclasspresentationhome!”MissBellacriedaseveryonestartedtalkingandpackingtheirschoolJessysick.Shehatedhavingreadaloudinclass.Shewassureeveryone