国际商务函电Unit 8 Payment

Unit8TermsofPayment支付(zhīfù)方式精品资料ObjectivesToknowaboutpaymenttermsTolearnthephrasesandexpressionsaboutpaymentTolearnhowtowriteabusinessletteraboutpayment精品资料Paymentisoneofthemostimportantstepsininternationaltrade.Themethodofpaymentforeachtransactionistobeagreeduponbetweenthetwotradingpartiesatthetimeofplacinganorder.Threemethodsingeneral:Remittance汇付Collection托收

L/C(letterofcredit)信用证I.Introduction精品资料1、creditinstruments信用工具

2、modesofpayment支付(zhīfù)方式

3、documents单据InternationalSettlement国际(guójì)结算精品资料

InternationalsettlementNotes(票据)

BillofExchange/draft汇票(huìpiào)

PromissoryNotes本票

Check支票

1.CreditInstruments信用(xìnyòng)工具Note/billisanunconditionalorderinwritingrequiringthepayertopayasumofmoneytothebearerortotheorderofathirdpersonatafixedtime.精品资料InternationalsettlementNotesBillofExchange（汇票(huìpiào)）:isanunconditionalorderinwritingpreparedbyoneparty(drawer)andaddressedtoanother(drawee)directingthedraweetopayaspecifiedsumofmoneytotheorderofathirdperson(payee),ortothebearer,ondemandoratafixedanddeterminablefuturetime.PromissoryNote（本票）:isanunconditionalorderinwritingmadebyoneparty(issuer)topayasumofmoneytotheother(payee),eitheratafixedordeterminablefuturetimeorondemandofthepayee,underspecificterms.Check（支票）:isdefinedasanunconditionalorderinwritingdrawnonabank(drawee)signedbythedrawer,requiringabanktopayondemandacertainsumofmoneytotheorderofanamedpersonortothebearer.精品资料Samplefordraft精品资料2.ModesofPayment支付(zhīfù)方式Remittance汇付MailTransfer(M/T)信汇TelegraphicTransfer(T/T)电汇DemandDraft(D/D)票汇DocumentaryCollection跟单托收D/P付款交单D/Patsight即期付款交单D/Paftersight远期付款交单D/A承兑交单L/C信用证精品资料Remittancemeansthetransferofmoneyfromthebuyertothesellerthroughabankcontracted.mailtransfer(M/T)信汇(xìnhuì)telegraphictransfer(T/T)电汇demanddraft(D/D)票汇Generally,onlywhenthetransactionsarerathersmallandthefinanceinvolvedissmalltoocanremittancebeaccepted.Paymentforsamplespostage,commissionsandsmallordersisusuallymadebyT/T.Remittance汇付精品资料Remittance汇付T/T（电汇）:isamethodoftransferringfundsbytelecommunicationsystemsuchastelexorcable.Thoughitisdoneatafastspeed,thecostisrelativelyhigh.ButSWIFT(环球同业银行(yínháng)金融电信学会)membersareabletotransferfundsatamuchlowercost.D/D（票汇）:thetransfercanbemadebyacheckthatissoldtoitscustomer.Abankinstructsanotherbranch/banktopayupondemandacertainamounttothepayeespecifiedonthecheck.Thischeckiscalledabanker’sdemanddraft.M/T(信汇)：meanstotransfermoneybymail.SocietyforWorldwideInterbankFinancialTelecommunication汇款人向当地(dāngdì)银行交付本国货币，由银行开具付款委托书（paymentorder），用航空邮寄交国外银行办理付出外汇业务。精品资料Copyright2009byLaoPing,FromLingnanCollege,SunYat-senUniversityRelevantpartiesinremittance汇款人（Remitter）受款人（PayeeorBeneficiary）汇出行(chūxíng)（RemittingBank）汇入行（PayingBank）,又称解付行精品资料Copyright2009byLaoPing,FromLingnanCollege,SunYat-senUniversityT/T,M/Tflowchart精品资料Copyright2009byLaoPing,FromLingnanCollege,SunYat-senUniversitySWIFT简介(jiǎnjiè)SWIFT是“SocietyWorldwideInterbankFinancialTelecommunication”环球同业银行金融电讯协会”的英文简称。是国际银行同业间非营利性的国际合作组织，成立(chénglì)于一九七三年，总部设在比利时的布鲁塞尔。精品资料Copyright2009byLaoPing,FromLingnanCollege,SunYat-senUniversitySWIFT的特点(tèdiǎn)1.SWIFT需要会员资格。我国的大多数专业银行都是其成员。2.SWIFT的费用较低。同样多的内容，SWIFT的费用只有TELEX（电传）的18%左右，只有CABLE（电报）的2.5%左右。3.SWIFT的安全性较高。SWIFT的密押比电传的密押可靠性强、保密性高，且具有(jùyǒu)较高的自动化。4.SWIFT的格式具有(jùyǒu)标准化。对于SWIFT电文，SWIFT组织有着统一的要求和格式。精品资料Collection(托收)meansthattheexporterdrawsadraftaftershipmentandtheninstructsthebanktocollecttheamountofmoneyfromtheimporter.Itincludes:DocumentsagainstPayment(D/P)付款交单D/Patsight即期(jíqī)付款交单D/Paftersight远期付款交单DocumentsagainstAcceptance(D/A)承兑交单Collection托收精品资料Relevantpartiesinvolved委托人（Principal）托收行（RemittingBank）代收行（CollectingBank）提示行（PresentingBank）付款人（Payer）精品资料Principal委托人Remittingbank托收行Collectingbank代收行Payer付款人13765428精品资料Collection托收D/P（付款交单）:meansthatthecollectingbankwillnottransfertheshippingdocumentstotheimporteruntilhehaspaidtheamountofmoneyinquestion.D/Patsight（即期付款交单）：requiresimmediatepaymentbytheimportertogetholdofdocuments.D/Paftersight（远期(yuǎnqī)付款交单）:theimporterisgivenacertainperiodtomakepaymentat30,45or60daysafterpresentationofthedocuments,butheisnotallowedtogetholdofthedocumentsuntilhepay.D/A（承兑交单）：meansthatthecollectingbankwilltransfertheshippingdocumentstotheimporterafterheacceptsthedraft.精品资料精品资料分析(fēnxī)D/P远期与D/A是否为同一性质出口商应加强对进口商的信用风险控制(kòngzhì)意识精品资料代收行未完全执行托收行指示(zhǐshì)的责任问题在一笔托收业务中，托收行在托收指示中规定：“DOCSTOBERELEASEDONLYAGAINSTACCEPTANCE“以及“PAYMENTONDUEDATETOBEGUARANTEEDBYXXXBANK（代收行）。TESTEDTLXTOTHISEFFECTREQUIRED.”代收行办理承兑交单后，向托收行寄出承兑通知书，明确指出“THEBILLACCEPTEDBYDRAWEE”，到期日为1994年9月13日。不久，当托收行查询有关承兑情况时，代收行复电再次告知“DOCSHAVEBEENACCEPTEDBYDRAWEETOMATUREON940913。”在上述承兑通知书及查询答复中，代收行均未标明担保货款，亦未发出承诺担保的电传：托收行亦未就此提出任何异议。承兑汇票到期后，进口商拒付货款，代收行即向托收行发出拒付通知。托收行认为托收指示中要求凭代收行到期付款的担保放单，而代收行已将单据放给付款人，因此(yīncǐ)要求立即付款。代收行反驳道，放单是基于付款人的承兑，代收行根据国际商会第522号出版物没有担保到期付款的责任。虽经多次交涉，此纠纷仍未得到解决。精品资料案例(ànlì)分析本案争论的焦点是代收行未完全执行托收指示的责任问题。根据国际商会522号文件(wénjiàn)关于托收指示的规定，如果代收行不能遵守指示，应当回复托收行，而代收行却未这样做，只是在托收行查询单据下落时才告知仅凭承兑放单。代收行违反了522号的规定。托收行的指示不符合托收业务的基本原则，实际上改变了托收的性质。精品资料托收项下的融资(rónɡzī)方式买入票据出口托收押汇（CollectionBillPurchased）信托收据(shōujù)（TrustReceipt,T/R）凭银行保函（bankguarantee）提货精品资料出口(chūkǒu)托收押汇是托收行买入出口商开立的以进口商为付款人的跟单汇票以及随附的商业单据，将货款扣除利息及费用后，净额付给出口商并通过国外代理行向进口商收款，以归还(guīhuán)出口托收押汇的一种融资方式。精品资料信托(xìntuō)收据（T/R）是代收行在进口商对托收未付款前凭其提供(tígōng)的信托收据借出单据，便于他办理报关、提货及出售，取得的货款亦属代收行所有，只能向代收行付款并赎回信托收据。精品资料LetterofCreditisaneffectivemeanstosolvethecommercialcreditcrisisbetweenbuyersandsellers.Sinceitisabankcredit,L/Ccanfacilitatetradewithunknownbuyersandgivingprotectiontoboththesellersandthebuyers.

LetterofCredit信用证Asfarastheseller’sbenefitisconcerned,

L/C

D/Patsight

D/Paftersight

D/A精品资料TheOperationflowofL/C精品资料LettersforPaymentLettersregardingpaymentoftenfallintothefollowingtypes:

1)discussingmodeofpayment2)urgingestablishmentofL/C3)amendingL/C4)askingforextensionofL/C精品资料Documentsusedininternationalsettlement

*CommercialInvoice商业发票

*PackingList装箱单

*CertificateofOrigin产地证

*InsurancePolicy保险单

*MarineBillofLading,B/L海运提单

*CombinedTransportDocument,CTD联合(liánhé)运输单据

*AirwayBill空运单

*RailwayBill铁路运单3.Documents单据(dānjù)精品资料国际惯例InternationalCustom（Practice）

1.《跟单信用证统一惯例》UniformCustomsandPracticeforDocumentaryCredit,ICCPublicationNo.500,UCP500

2.《托收统一规则(guīzé)》UniformRulesforCollection,URC522

3.《见索即付保函统一规则(guīzé)》UniformRulesforDemandGuarantees,URDG458

由国际商会InternationalChamberofCommerce制定

精品资料II.WordsandExpressions精品资料1.Banks

Merchants'Bank招商银行BankofChina 中国银行IndustrialandCommercialBankofChina 中国工商银行

AgricultureBankofChina 农业银行

ConstructionBankofChina 建设银行

CitiBank 花旗银行

CommunicationsBankofChina 交通银行

PudongDevelopmentBank 浦东发展银行

ShenzhenDevelopmentBank 深圳发展银行

HKBC 汇丰银行(huìfēnɡyínxínɡ)

StandardCharteredBank 渣打银行

TheCITICBank 中信银行ChinaInternationalTrustandInvestmentCorporation精品资料2.Words

and

Phrasesdiscount

贴现(tiēxiàn)draft

汇票Promisory

Note

本票cheque

支票clean

bill

光票documentary

bill

跟单汇票精品资料Sight

Bill

即期(jíqī)汇票Time

Bill

远期汇票Usance

Bill

远期汇票Commercial

Bill

商业汇票Banker's

Bill

银行汇票精品资料Commercial

Acceptance

Bill

商业承兑汇票Bankers'

Acceptance

Bill

银行承兑汇票invoice

发票(fāpiào)Performer

Invoice

形式发票(fāpiào)Sample

Invoice

样品发票(fāpiào)Consignment

Invoice

寄售发票(fāpiào)精品资料Certified

Invoice

证明发票(fāpiào)Manufacturers'

Invoice

厂商发票(fāpiào)remittance

汇付Mail

transfer

(M/T)

信汇Demand

Draft

(D/D)

票汇精品资料At

sight

即期，见票即付At...days

(month)after

sight

付款(fùkuǎn)人见票后若干天（月）付款(fùkuǎn)At...days

sight

付款(fùkuǎn)人见票后若干天即付款(fùkuǎn)At...days

after

date

出票后若干天付款(fùkuǎn)At...days

after

B/L

提单签发后若干天付款(fùkuǎn)精品资料Documents

against

Payment

(D/P)

付款交单Documents

against

Payment

at

Sight

(D/P

sight)

即期付款交单Documents

against

Payment

after

Sight

(D/P

sight)

远期(yuǎnqī)付款交单Documents

against

Acceptance

(D/A)

承兑交单Cash

Against

Documents

凭单付款精品资料Telegraphic

Transfer

(T/T)

电汇collection

托收clean

Bill

for

Collection

光票托收Documentary

Bill

for

Collection

跟单托收Uniform

Rules

for

Collection

《托收统一(tǒngyī)规则》精品资料Collection

Advice

托收委托书Advice

of

Clean

Bill

for

Collection

光票托收委托书Collection

Bill

Purchased

托收出口(chūkǒu)押汇Trust

Receipt

信托收据精品资料3.ExpressionsNow

we

have

settled

the

terms

of

payment.现在我们已经谈妥了付款条件。Shall

we

have

a

talk

about

terms

of

payment

today?我们今天谈谈付款条件怎么样？What

is

the

mode

of

payment

you

wish

to

employ?您希望(xīwàng)用什么方式付款？精品资料This

is

the

normal

terms

of

payment

in

international

business.这是国际贸易中惯用的付款(fùkuǎn)方式。We

can't

accept

any

other

terms

of

payment.我们不能接受其他的付款(fùkuǎn)条件。If

you

can't

be

more

flexible,

we

won't

accept

your

terms

of

payment.如果你们不能灵活些，我们将不接受此种付款(fùkuǎn)方式。精品资料Please

protect

our

draft

on

presentation.请见票即付。Your

draft

will

be

honoured

on

presentation.你方的汇票(huìpiào)见票即付。The

draft

was

discounted

in

New

York.汇票(huìpiào)已经在纽约贴现。精品资料Our

draft

No.36

was

dishonored.我们的第三十六号汇票被拒付了。We'll

be

unable

to

meet

these

draft.我们无力兑付这些汇票。We've

drawn

a

clean

draft

on

you

for

the

value

of

this

sample

shipment.我们已经开出光票向你方索取(suǒqǔ)这批货的价款。精品资料We've

drawn

on

you

for

payment

of

the

invoice

amounting

to

$20,000.我们(wǒmen)已经按照发票金额20，000美圆向你方开出了汇票。The

draft

has

been

handed

to

the

bank

on

clean

collection.汇票已经交银行按光票托收。You

can

draw

on

me

just

as

if

there

were

a

letter

of

credit.您就当作有信用证一样，向我开汇票托收。精品资料We're

sending

our

draft

through

Bank

of

China

for

documentary

collection.我们将汇票交中国银行按跟单托收。We'll

draw

on

you

by

our

documentary

draft

at

sight

on

collection

basis.我们将按托收方式向你方开出(kāichū)即期跟单汇票。精品资料We'll

draw

a

sight

bill

in

favour

of

the

Export

Bank

Singapore.我们要开立(kāilì)一张以新加坡出口银行为收款人的即期汇票。We've

already

remitted

the

amount

by

cheque.我们已经将款以支票汇出。We

enclose

a

cheque

for

RMB200.我们附上人民币200元的支票一张。精品资料We

regret

we

can't

accept

payment

"cash

against

document".很抱歉，我们不能接受凭单付款办法。We'll

agree

to

change

the

terms

of

payment

from

L/C

at

sight

to

D/P

at

sight.我们同意将即期(jíqī)信用证付款方式改为即期(jíqī)付款交单。精品资料We

accept

D/P

payment

for

future

dealings.以后的交易我们以付款交单方式支付。We

can

do

the

business

on

60

days

D/P

basis.我们可以(kěyǐ)按60天付款交单的方式进行交易。We

agree

to

draw

at

30

days

D/P.我们同意开立30天期的付款交单汇票。精品资料As

a

special

sign

of

encouragement,

we'll

consider

accepting

payment

by

D/P

at

this

sales-purchasing

stage.在此推销阶段，我们将考虑接受付款交单方式以资鼓励。We

regret

we

can't

accept

"Cash

against

Documents"

on

arrival

of

goods

at

destination.很抱歉(bàoq