浙江省宁波市鄞县正始中学2022高二英语期末试卷含解析

浙江省宁波市鄞县正始中学2022高二英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Carefulsurveyshaveindicatedthataudience________teachersandstudentsbemorelikelytotakeseats________directed.A.1ike;that

B.as;that

C.1ike;as

D.as;like

参考答案：C略2.Insocietieswheresocialrolesaredetermined,boysusuallycopythebehavioroftheirfathers,andgirlsusuallyalsocopy_____oftheirmothers.A.that

B.those

C.one

D.theones参考答案：A3._______fromthemoon,ourearth,withwater_____about70percentofitssurface,appearslikeablueball.

A.Seen;covered

B.Seeing;covering

C.Seen;covering

D.Seeing;covered参考答案：C4.Sichuanishometogiantpandas,_______areChina’snationaltreasurelovedbypeopleallovertheworld.

A.whose B.that C.where D.which参考答案：D试题分析：考查非限制性定语从句。此处是前面整个句子做先行词，用which引导非限制性定语从句，故选D。5.Haveyoueverbeeninasituation_____youknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucan’tagreewithhim?A.which

B.that

C.where

D.what参考答案：C6._______therearemanyproblemsexistinginChina,wefirmlybelievethatourgovernmentcansolvetheminthenearfuture.

A.When B.Because C.If D.While参考答案：D7.Inthequestionnaire,thesubjectsarequestionedwhetherthey____banningcarsinthecitycentre．A．agree

B．comment

C．advocate

D．conduct参考答案：C23.We_______himonhisbirthdayandheldapartyto_______it.A.congratulated;congratulate

B.celebrated;celebrateC.celebrated;congratulate

D.congratulated;celebrate参考答案：D9.

Accordingtothe______passedbythecourt,halfofhispossessionsshallbelongtohiswife.

A.ban

B.consequence

C.judgment

D.punishment参考答案：C10.Theteacher_____hisstudents______fivegroups..Adivided…into

B.separated…from

C.separated…into…

D.divided…from参考答案：A26.I__________useaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.

A.couldn’t

B.mustn’t

C.shouldn’t

D.needn’t参考答案：D略12.---HowiseverythinggoingonwithyouinEurope?---Quitewell.NotsosmoothlyasIhoped_____.A.though

B.instead

C.either

D.too参考答案：A13.She______animportantdetailinheraccount.A．leftout

B．brokedown

C．madesense

D．consistedof参考答案：A14.Youwanttohelpyourkidsasmuchasyoucan,but_______,you’vegottobecarefultohelpthemlearnontheirown.

A.ontheotherhand

B.foronething

C.inotherwords

D.asusual参考答案：A15.Hecalledateverydoor,urgingthatpeople________hisproducts.

A.tobuy

B.bought

C.buying

D.buy参考答案：D略16.—ThejobinterviewwilltakeplacetomorrowandI’mreallyworriedaboutit,Mum?

—

,dear!Justtryyourbest.

A．Withpleasure.

B．Takeiteasy

C．Haveagoodtime

D．Goodluck参考答案：B17.She________herselfentirelytoherresearchanditearnedheragoodreputationinherfield.A．contributedto

B．made

C．devoted D．wasdevoted参考答案：C18.–Whendidthemanagerdecidetoconstructthetheoryofmanagement?--Itwaslastmonth___________themanagementsystemsufferedfromadrawback.A.when

? B.that

C.which

? D.where参考答案：A试题分析：考查定语从句和强调句型。本句中when引导的定语从句修饰lastmonth，在第二句中后面省略了强调句型的后半句thathedecidedtoconstructthetheoryofmanagement。句意：—经理什么时候决定修订管理理论的？—是在上个月管理系统出现问题的时候，他才决定重新修订管理理论的。故A正确。【名师点睛】强调就是使句子的某一部分比一般情况下显得更加重要。英语表达中，要强调句子的某一成分，一般可用强调句型“Itis(was)+that(who)+句子的其余部分”。It在句中无意义，只起引出被强调部分的作用。被强调的部分指人时，除可用that外，还可换用who（强调宾语指人时也可用whom）。使用强调句型时，应注意以下事项：1、去掉强调结构Itis(was)…that(who)…后，剩下的词仍能组成一个完整的句子。这是判断是不是强调句型的关键。试比较：1.Itisstrangethathedidn’tcomeyesterday.2.ItisyouandTomthatdidn’tcomeyesterday.显然，句1去掉Itis…that…后，句子结构不完整，是主语从句；句2去掉Itis…that…后，句子变为youandTomdidn’tcomeyesterday.仍是一个表意完整的句子，这是一个强调句。再如：1.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay____matters.

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.this答案A。这是一个强调主语的强调句型，去掉强调结构，剩下的是Whatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaymatters.表意完整。2.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It’syears____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.when

B.that

C.before

D.since答案D。由强调句型的判断方法可知，该句不是强调句型。It指时间，句意为：好几年我没有这么高兴了。since的意思是“自从那个时候起”。2、如果强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，不可用when,where,why或how，而仍用that。试比较：Itwasbecauseoftheaccidentwhyhewaslate.(误),Itwasbecauseoftheaccidentthathewaslate.(正)。又如：1.Itwasnotuntilmidnight_____theyreachedthecampsite.A.that

B.when

C.while

D.as答案A。该题强干扰项是B，考生容易因强调时间状语untilmidnight而误选。2.Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired____herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.A.that

B.when

C.since

D.as答案A。该句强调时间状语从句afterhegotwhathehaddesired，题干意思是“得到他所梦寐以求的东西后他才意识到一切都不那么重要”。不要误选B。3、注意强调句型的否定句和疑问句形式，在这方面很容易因弄不清句子结构而错选。如:1.Ijustwonder____thatmakeshimsoexcited.A.whyitdoes

B.whathedoes

C.howitis

D.whatitis答案D。正常语序的强调句型容易看出，但要注意它的变体。如果把该题变换一下语序：itiswhatthatmakeshimsoexcited,不难看出这是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，强调了疑问代词what，因为wonder后宾语从句，故用了陈述语序。2.Itwasnotuntilshegothome____Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.A.when

B.that

C.where

D.before答案B。如果去掉强调结构，该句是一个“not…until”句型：Jenniferdidn’trealizeshehadlostherkeysuntilshegothome.要强调时间状语untilshegothome，这时要把主句中的否定词not放在was之后。4、强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词的形式仍然取决于原句中的主语；be的变化只有is和was两种形式，如果要表示现在时将来时的其它各种形式时，就用Itis…,表达过去时的各种形式时，用Itwas….一般要与谓语动词的时态一致。如：1.ItisIwho/thatamanEnglishteacher.2.Itistheboywho/thatspeaksEnglishbestintheclass.3.ItwasonSundaythathegaveGeorgethisticket.4.Itisthelittlegirlwho/thathasbrokentheglass.5、强调句中的时态。如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)，用Itisthat。如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)，则用Itwasthat。6、在复习中有可能把Itis/was…that句式都误认为是强调句型的几种情况：1）、把具有实际意义的指示代词it后面接is/was…that误认为是强调句式。---Wheredidyougettoknowher?

---Itwasonthefarm____weworked.A.that

B.there

C.which

D.where答案D。该句易误作强调句型，所以A是强干扰项。这里whereweworked是定语从句，修饰thefarm。It指“与她相识”这件事。该题很容易受思维定势的影响而拒绝选D，因为平日教学老师一再强调，用强调句型时即使强调地点状语，也不能用where而用that。该句如果要用itwas…that强调句型的话，可改写为“ItwasonthefarmwhereweworkedthatIgottoknowher.”2）、把it指时间、天气、距离、环境等后接be的情形误以为是强调句型。Itwastwentymilesfromourcitytothevillage____theaccidenthappened.A.that

B.when

C.then

D.where答案D。本题貌似Itwas…that强调句型，其实不然。句中It表示距离，where引导地点状语从句。3）、把Itis/was…that结构的主语从句误认为是强调句型。1.TheForeignMinistersaid,“____ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”A.Thisis

B.Thereis

C.Thatis

D.Itis答案D。如果选A和C，指示代词This和That在句中找不出指代的内容，选B意义不通。故选D。虽然选Itis后题干中出现了Itis…that结构，但这不是强调句型。很明显，题干中的that从句应是主语从句，所缺的是形式主语。7、强调句型Itis/was…that/who主要用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语或表语。如果要强调谓语动词,应该用代动词do及其变形does或did，这三种形式常用在谓语动词之前，以加强语气。它一般只能强调现在时与过去时。如：IdowishIcould.我真希望我能。Hedoeslookwell.他的确看起来气色很好。Youdidgivemeafright.你真把我给吓了一跳。考点：考查定语从句和强调句型二、完型填空19.Sportsarebynaturecompetitive.Butrecently,theover-competitivenatureyouthsportsseemtohavetakenonhasledtocausefor__1__.

Thosewhoarestronglyagainstcompetitionpointoutthatinacompetition,onlyonewinswhiletherest__2__.Theyarguethatcompetitionleadschildrentodefinethemselvesbytheoutcome,tyingtheirself-esteem(自尊心)upwiththeirabilityto__3__others.Theyfurtherarguethatcompetitioncausesanxiety,affectslearningandcauseschildrentoviewothersas__4__totheirsuccess.Competitionrestrictsparticipationand__5__success.A“win-at-all-costs”mentalitycancausechildrentopaylittleattentiontohonestyandfairplay.

Ontheoppositesideofthedebatearethosewhoviewcompetitionasa__6__partofAmericansociety.Theyarguethatplacingkidsinacompetitivesituationsuchassportshelpspreparethemfora(n)__7__lifeinoursocietythatisfullofcompetition.__8__isanormalpartofhumannatureandpartofeverydaylife.Otherarguments__9__competitivesportsarethattheyprovidechallenges,helpkidsdevelopskills,andteachthemhowtogetalongwithothers.

Thethirdsideofthisdebatesaysthatalittlecompetitioncan’tbethat__10__,aslongascompetitiondoesnotgetoutofhandandtakeona“win-at-all-costs”mentality.Theyclaimthatcompetitioninitselfisnotbadanditcanserveasa__11__ofsocialcomparison,necessaryforadolescentstoseehow__12__theyare.Theiradviceistointroducecompetition__13__whilefocusingmoreonmasteryandcooperationduringchildhood.Thegradualshifttowardcompetitionwillallowchildrentobuildskills,participatefully,andfocuson__14__ratherthanwinning.

Itisimportantthatyouconsiderallofthepossible__15__ofcompetitionbeforeyouputyourchildinacompetitivesituation.1.

A.alarm

B.concern

C.optimism

D.accident2.

A.follow

B.stop

C.fail

D.return3.

A.beat

B.change

C.study

D.control4.

A.tickets

B.barriers

C.roads

D.invitations5.

A.refuses

B.limits

C.imagines

D.stresses6.

A.healthy

B.popular

C.hard

D.missing7.

A.political

B.early

C.adult

D.daily8.

A.Disagreement B.Motivation

C.Difficulty

D.Competition9.

A.doubting

B.attacking

C.supporting

D.ignoring10.

A.necessary

B.bad

C.interesting

D.boring11.

A.sample

B.product

C.subject

D.means12.

A.unique

B.young

C.normal

D.skillful13.

A.gradually

B.eventually

C.widely

D.forcefully14.

A.observing

B.teaching

C.playing

D.growing15.A.benefits

B.outcomes

C.responsibilities

D.methods参考答案：略20.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41--60各题所给的四个选项（A﹑B﹑C和D）中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Wemakealivingwithwhatweget,butwemakealifewithwhatwegive.

---WinstonChurchill

Iamwillingto

41

thissaying.Ihavebeen

42

attheBostonChildren’sHospitaleveryyearsinceIwasthirteen.Atthebeginning,Ionlywantedtogo

43

Iwouldgetpraiseforentertainingchildrenatthe

44

.Aftergivingmytimefortwomonths,my

45

changedcompletely.WhenIfirst

46

intothewaitingroomonthegroundfloor,Iwasvery

47

thatIwouldbespendingmyentiresummerwithkids.Asitbecame

48

formetoshowupeverydayat8a.m.,manykidsbeganto

49

me.Tomysurprise,Ibeganlookingforwardtoseeingtheir

50

facesaswell.Theywerealwaysenthusiasticabout

51

.MyheartwarmedeverytimeIheardtheir

52

voicesaskingmeforastoryorananswertoaquestion.Ifelt

53

andirreplaceable.(不可替代的).AsIlookback,Iseethe

54

thatthesespecialchildrenhavehadonme.ItisbecauseofthemthatIhave

55

adesiretobecomeapsychologist.Recently,Ihavevolunteeredforamonth.Ihavebeenaskedto

56

onmanydifferentfloorsbesidesthewaitingroom

57

Istarted.Thekidsonthefloorsaboveareusuallythereforalongertime.

58

theiranxietyanddesiretogetbetterandgohome,theyalwaysoffermea(n)

59

smile.IfeelrenewedafterspendingadaywiththembecauseIrealizethatthereismuchmoreto

60

thanmoney.Itismuchmoreimportanttoloveandtobeloved.41.A.know

B.believe

C.respect

D.understand42.A.livinging

B.studying

C.staying

D.volunteering43.A.unless

B.until

C.after

D.because44.A.hospital

B.school

C.room

D.building45.A.plan

B.style

C.opinion

D.life46.A.looked

B.stepped

C.turned

D.appeared47.A.happy

B.upset

C.nervous

D.worried48.A.special

B.curious

C.routine

D.hopeful49.A.notice

B.expect

C.watch

D.annoy50.A.foolish

B.bright

C.dirty

D.silent51.A.smiling

B.sleeping

C.learning

D.playing52.A.loud

B.crazy

C.eager

D.irritating53.A.valued

B.tired

C.disappointed

D.surprised54.A.expectation

B.dream

C.influence

D.love55.A.developed

B.remembered

C.worked

D.improved56.A.helpout

B.dropin

C.goaround

D.turnup57.A.what

B.which

C.where

D.that58.A.With

B.For

C.Against

D.Inspiteof59.A.willing

B.optimistic

C.sad

D.pitiful60.A.life

B.habit

C.nature

D.family参考答案：41---60BDDAC

BDCBB

CCACA

ACDBA略三、阅读理解21.请阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

ScientistshavefoundthathumaneyesaremorelikelytobedamagedbyUVrays(紫外线)whileskiinginthesnow-coveredareasthansittingonthebeach,accordingtoareportbytheUKnewspaperTheTelegraph.TheresearchersatKanazawaMedicalUniversity,JapanandAmericancompanyJohnsonconductedthestudytogether.Theylookedattheeffectsoflightreflectiononnewlyfallensnowonaskitrail(aroughpath)inIshikawaDistrict,northernJapan.TheycomparedtheresultswiththelevelsofUVraysonasandbeachinsouthernJapan'sOkinawaDistrict.Theyfoundthatonthebeach,eyesareexposedtoadaily260kilojoules(千焦耳)ofUVasquaremetercomparedto658kilojoulesinsnow-coveredareas.ThefindingsaresupportedbytheJapanMeteorologicalAgency.Accordingtotheagency,thereflectionrateofUVlightonbeachesisoftenbetween10and25percent,comparedto80percentinthenewsnowareas.Theamountoflightincreased4percentwitha300-meterriseinheight.MostofusknowthatUVrayscanharmtheskin.That'swhywewearsunscreenonourskinbeforewegetoutinthesun.ButmanyofusmaynotrealizethatUVray