人教版初二英语上册第十五单元知识点

人教版初二英语上册第十五单元学问点Thanksforthemessage!单元双基学习目标Ⅰ.词汇学习：answer,telephone,moment,ring,phone,way,photo,story,enough,really,beout,atthemoment,bytheway,thenextday,ringup,message,afraid,cinema,pleasure,harvestⅡ.语法学习：1)娴熟把握therebe2)理解并把握Could„?的用法。Ⅲ.交际用语：He”soutatthemoment.Pleaseringhim.Bytheway,„Idon”tthinkso.I”mafraid„CouldIspeakto„,please?Couldyouaskhimtocallme,please?IsthatLily?CanItakeamessage?教导迷津单元重点词汇点拨1.messageI”vegotamessageforMrSmith.我有了史密斯先生的消息。Heaskedmetopassheramessage.他让我给她带个信儿。【点拨】该词为可数名词，不同于news(不行数名词)。2.answerWhocananswerthequestion?谁能答复这个问题?Pleaseanswerthephoneforme.请替我回个。【点拨】该词亦可作名词，如：makenoanswer3.telephoneIspoketohimbytelephone.我用和他说。MayIuseyourtelephone?我能用用你的吗?Itelephonedyouyesterday,butnobodyansweredIwanttotelephonetomymotheratonce.我想马上给我妈妈打。【点拨】该词也可作动词，其缩写为phone。4.afraid，可怕，生怕(口语)Heisafraidofdogs.他可怕狗。113页Don”tbeafraidofcats.别可怕猫。Iammuchafraidofdarkness.我格外怕黑。Iamafraidwecan”tcatchthebus.我们生怕赶不上车了。beafraidtodobeafraidof„的区分，5.momentPleasewait(for)amoment.请等一会儿。Tellhimtocomehereinamoment.告知他过一会儿到这儿来。I”dliketospeaktoyouforamoment.我愿望和你聊一会儿。【点拨】该词为可数名词，相当于while。6.cinemaThereisacinemanearthepark.公园边上有个电影院。—Whereareyougoing?你去哪儿?—Iamgoingtothecinema.我去看电影。【点拨】该词作“电影”讲时，一般前面加the。7.pleasureReading(Singing)bringsmepleasure.阅读给我带来乐趣。Ididtheworkwithpleasure.我工作不开心。Itgavememuchpleasuretohearofyoursuccess8.ringThebellrangforlunch.铃声响了，该吃饭了。Thetelephoneisringing.铃响了。【点拨】留意该词的过去式rang和过去分词rung。9.way

说你成功了，我格外快活。Willyoutellmethewaytothestation?能告知我去车站的路吗?Thehospitalisalongwayfromhere.从这儿去医院很远。Thisway,please.请往这边走。Threaremanywaysofdoingit.做这件事有很多方法。【点拨】该词不指具体的路，具体的道路常使用road。10.photoSheshowedmeherphotosofEngland.他给我看英国的照片。Thisisaphotoofmyson.这是儿子的一张照片。Let”stakeaphototogether.让我们一起拍张照。【点拨】留意“照相”常用takeaphoto(of„)。11.storyTheoldmanistellingthemastory.老人在给他们讲故事。【点拨】讲故事常用tell(astory)。12.harvestTheyhadabigharvestlastyear.去年他们丰收了。We”llgotoharvestricenextweek.下星期我们要去收麦子。【点拨】该词可作名词，也可作动词。作动词相当于getin。13.enoughWehaveenoughtimetodotheworkell.我们有足够的时间把工作做好。213页Ihaveenoughmoneytobuyfood.我有足够的钱买食物。【点拨】该词可作名词、形容词及副词。14.reallyYouarereallywrong.你确实错了。Ireallydonotknow.我真的不知道。【点拨】该词为形容词real的副词形式，其意义相当于indeed。单元词组思维运用atthemomentI”mbusyatthemoment.现在我很忙。【提示】该词组于现在时态。passonTheypassedonballtoeachother.他们相互传球。Hepassedthejobontome.他把工作交给我。Willyoupleasepassthemessageontohim?你能把这个消息告知他吗?【提示】该词组中的on为副词，表示“传递给„„t。onit/themclimbupPeterisclimbinguptheladder.彼特正在往梯子上爬。Themonkeyscanclimbupthetreequickly.猴子能很快爬上树。up表示方向，意思是“向上ringupTomrangyou(up)justnow.刚刚汤姆打给你。【提示】该词组用的up5.bytheway【提示】该短语为固定短语，不同于inthewayontheway(to„)等。6.showsts.tosb.把某物给某人看【提示】该短语也可说成showsb.sts.留意短语showsb.around„领某人参观。二、学海导航学法指要单元句型思维明晰I”mafraid„I”mafraidhe”soutatthemoment.生怕他现在出去了。留意：I”mafraid常用于口语中，用来表示圆满、内疚以及委婉的否认，也可用来表示有义务做某事。如：I’mafraidIcan”thelpyou.生怕我帮不了你的忙。I”mafraidthistaskistoohardforme.这件工件对我来说生怕太难了。I”mafraidImustdoit.生怕我必需做。Couldyou„?Kate,couldyouanswerthetelephone,please?凯特，接一下，好吗?313页couldyou„也是常用口语的句型，用来表示恳求或要求的委婉用语。如：Couldyoulendmeyourbook?能把书借给我吗?Couldyouwaithalfanhour?你能等半个小时吗?Therebe„的句型留意：Therebe构造，表示“什么地方或时间，存在什么事物there+be+名词+地点(时间)。这个构造中的therebebe语，两者的数必需全都。句子最终为地点(时间)状语，这一构造有时态变化。如：Thereisablackboardonthewall.墙上有块黑板。Therearemanydesksandchairsintheroom.房间里有很多桌椅。Thereisnobodyintheclassroom.教室里没人。Thereisgoingtobeameetingtonight.今日晚上要开个会。2)主语后有时有一个定语修饰。如：Thereisacarwaitingoutside.外面有辆车等着。Therearemanythingstobedone.有很多事要做。3)这个构造的否认式是：Therebenot(或no)„。如：Thereisn”tgoingtobeameetingtonight.今日晚上不开会。Therearen”tanygrammarbooksinthebookcase.书架上没放几本语法书。4)这个构造的疑问式是：Bethere„?Isthereanywaterleftinyourbottle?瓶子里还有水吗?Arethereanybooksintheotherroom?那间房子里有书吗?Whatisthereintheotherroom?那间房子里有什么?Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?你们班上有多少学生?5)therebehaveTheyhavefiveappletreesinthegarden.they)Therearefiveappletreesinthegarden5There”satelephoneineveryroom.每个房间都有。(强调客观存在)Everyroomhasatelephone.(强调是每个房间的固定局部)这种构造中的谓语有时不用动词be，而用live,come,stand,seemtobeOncetherelivedaking.从前，这儿有个国王。Onthesecondfloor,therelivedayoungman.二楼住着个年轻人。Therestandsatreeoverthere.那儿也有棵树。Therecomesthebus.公共汽车来了。Thentherecameaknockatthedoor.接着，听到了敲门的声音。Theregoesthebell.铃响了。therebebebe直接接的那个人或事物是单数或复数。如：Thereisateacherandtwostudentsintheclassroom.教室里有个教师和两名学生。Therearetwoshopshopsandabookshoponthatstreet.那条街上有两家鞋店和一个书店。单元难点疑点释疑413页1.Kate,couldyouanswerthetelephone,please?凯特，请回。answerthetelephoneMary,thetelephoneisringing,couldyouanswerit,please你能回吗?2.7-5-4-double6-2“754662”

丽，铃响了，double双重的，双倍的。中各连续有两个数字一样时，如：732995，可以说成：7-3-2-double9-5。3.I”mafraidhe”soutatthemoment.生怕他现在不在家。1)I”mafraid意为“生怕„„I”mafraidIcan”tcomehere.我生怕不能来这儿。2)beoutMymotherisout.Sheisdoingsomeshopping.我妈妈不在家，她去买东西了。3)atthemomentThestudentsareplayingbasketballatthemoment.学生们现在正在打篮球。4.He”satthecinema.他在看电影。atthecinema意为看电影。atatschoolatworkatthemomentCanItakeamessage?我能捎个口信吗?takeamessageforsbSheaskedmetotakeamessageforyou.她让我捎个口信给你。Wouldyouliketotakeamessageforme?你能给我带口信吗?Couldyouaskhimtocallme,please?你能叫他给我打电个话吗?asksb.todosth.意为“要某人做某事Theteacheraskedustostoptalking.教师让我们别讲话。7.It”sapleasure.不必客气。这是一句用于答复别人感谢之意时的礼貌用语。如：—Thankyouforhelpingmesomuch.感谢你给我极大的帮助。—It”spleasure.不用谢。Oh,bytheway,therewasatelephonecallforyou.嗨，顺便说一下，有人给你打了一个。bythewayBytheway,whoisyourmonitor?顺便问一下，谁是班长?Bytheway,Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou事要告知你。IsthatLiLei?你是李雷吗?IsthatLILei?Isthatyou,LiLei?

便说一下，我有点重要的thithatWhoisthatWhoisthatspeaking“Thisi„”is„speaking.”Wepickedlotsofapples.我们摘了很多苹果。lots=alotof很多。lotsofalotof既可以修饰可数名语，也可以修饰不行数名词，如：513页Ihavelotsoffriends.我有很多朋友。11.Afriendgavemeaphoto.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.如：Hegavemeaknife.=Hegaveaknifetome.Therewaremanyapplesonthetrees.树上有很多苹果。长在树上的一般用onthetree，不是长在树上则用inthetree。如：Therearelostofbananasonthetrees.树上有很多香蕉。Therearesomebirdsinthetree.树上有一些鸟。Theyneededtoclimbupthetreeswithladders.他们需要借助梯子爬上树。1)climbupTheboysclimbedupthemountain.孩子们爬上了山。2)withShewriteswithapencil.她用铅笔写字。是TherewerenoenoughpeopleTherewerenotenoughpeople?enough作为定语使用时，由于它本身是一个形容词，所以必需用副词not，而不是用形容词nonotisno。如：WehavenotenoughtimeWehavenoenoughtime.)Thatisnotenough.那是不够的。(不能说：Thatisnoenough.)Therewasnotenoughlightintheroom.房间里光线缺乏。妙文赏析AnOldFriendCarolEvdanshated(憎恨，厌烦)tobewrong.Ifshemadeamistake,shecouldneveradmit(成认)it.Oneday,shewaswalkingalongthestreetwhenshebumped(撞上),intoanotherwoman.Shelookedatthewomanverycarefully.Thenshesaid,“KateFoster!Well,well,Ihaven”tseenyoufortenyears.”Shelookedthewomanupanddown.“Butyou”vechanged,Kate,”shewenton.“Youusedtobefatbutnowyou”rethin.”Shesmiledather,“Butyoulookwellandit”sgoodtoseeyouagain.”Shetookthewoman”shandandshookit.“But,oh,youhavechanged,”shesaid.“I”veneverknownanyonechangesomuch.Youusedtohavethickhairbutnowit”sverythin.Youdidn”tusedtowearglassesbutnowyou”rewearingreallythickones.”Shesmiledatthewomanagain.“Butyou”restillthesameKateFosterIusedtohavecoffeewitheveryweek.Wehadsomegoodtimes,didn”twe,Kate?”“Excuseme,ma”am,”thewomansaid,“butmynameisn”tKateFoster.”Carolthoughtforaminute,thenshesaid,“Soyou”vechangedyournameaswell,haven”tyou?”613页思维体操Ⅰ.连词成句，然后写成一段疑问句形式，并作确定和否认答复：1.helped,thechildren,thefarmers,lastOctober,pickapples→ .? .2.agoodtime,hav,I,lastSunday,onthefam .3.heclassroom,people,were,enough,there→.?.4.foryou,atelephonecall,be,there→.?.【参考答案】1.ThechildrenhelpedthefarmerspickappleslastOctober.DidthechildrenhelpthefarmerspickappleslastOctober?/Yes,theydid./No,theydidn”t.2.IhadggoodtimeonthefarmlastSunday.DidyouhaveagoodtimeonthefarmlastSunday?/Yes,Idid.No,/Ididn”t.Therewereenoughpeopleintheclassroom.Werethereenoughpeopleintheclassroom?/Yes,therewere./No,thereweren”t.Therewasatelephonecallforyou.Wasthereatelephonecallforme?/Yes,therewas./No,therewasn”t.Ⅱ.请用句中画线词语的反义词(词组)填空：Lilyisbusy.Lucyis .Aretheyallinthesameschool?No,theygoto schools.3.Herearesomegoodoranges.Throwawaythose ones.4.Isiteasytoanswer?No,it”stoo .5.DoesJimsitinthefrontroworinthe row?6.Maryisill.Ithinkshe”llbe beforelong.Thisskirtistoodear.Showmea one,please.Mybrotherwenttherelastweek,andI”llgothere week.LiuMeiisthefirststudenttogetup,butthe onetogotobed.10.Istheshopclosedor ?Myanswerisright,butyoursis .Tomstandsontherightside.Istandonthe side.13.Areyoufullor ?14.Jimhastwoboxes.Oneisfull,theotheris .15.Myhairisshort.Herhairis .Mysisterisshort.Mybrotheris .It”sveryhotinsummerandvery inwinter.18.Myfatheralwaysgoestoworkearly.Heis .19.Heusesalifttogoupand .Therearesomeflowersinfrontothehouseandtherearesometrees it.713页Pleaseremembertofinishyourhomework.Don”t it.22.I”mgoingtoaskyouthequestion.Canyou it?23.Iwanttobuyaknife.Whichshop thingslikethat?24.Istarttoworkatseveninthemorningand myworkatfiveintheafternoon.Pleasetakeoffyouroldshirtand thenewone.Somepeoplearegettingonthebusandsomepeopleare thebus.27.Weusuallyworkinthedayandgotosleep .28.Shehasmoreeggsthanyou.Youhave eggsthanshe.29.YouhavemorewaterthanIIhave waterthanyou.30.IthinkJulyisthebestmonthandDecemberisthe monthinayear.【参考答案】1.free 2.different 3.bad 4.difficult/hard 5.back 6.well7.cheap8.next9.last10.open11.wrong12.left13.hungry14.empty15.long16.tall17.cold18.never19.down20.behind21.forget22.answer23.sells24.finish25.puton26.gettingoff27.atnight28.fewer29.less30.worst三、智能显示心中有数单元语法发散思维情景对话常见句式小结购物：顾客进店后售货员与顾客打招呼的用语。WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?请你先生要些什么?CanIhelpyou,madam?IthereanythingIcandoforyou?顾客购物时对售货员讲的话。I”dlike(tobuy)ashirt.我想买一件衬衣。I”mlookingforashirt(formydaughter).我想(给我女儿)买一件衬衣。3)问价与还价。Howmuchisit(arethey)?多少钱?That”smuchtooexpensive(dear).Canitbecheaper?太贵了，廉价点好吗?Doyouhaveanythingcheaper?有廉价些的吗?4)顾客打算购物时的用语。I”lltakeit.我买了。Pleasegivemetwokilosofmeat.我买两公斤肉。2.问路与指路：问路。813页Excuseme,whichisthewaytothepostoffice?请问，到邮局怎么走?Excuseme,whereisthepostoffice,please?Excuseme,canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?Excuseme,howcanIgettothepostoffice?指路。Goalong(down)thisroad„顺着这条路走„„，Goupthisroaduntilyoureach/getto„顺着这条路始终向前走，直到„„Takethefirstturningontheright.在第一路口向右转。Turnrightatthefirstcrossing.You”dbettertakeabusthere.你最好乘公共汽车到那儿。It”sabouttwokilometersawayfromhere.离这儿大约两公里。邀请与应答：邀请。Willyoupleasecometomyparty?请你来参与我的晚会，好吗?Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?Wouldyoupleasecometomyparty?I”dlikeyoutocometomyparty.应答。承受：Yes,I”dlike/loveto.好的，格外快活(情愿)。Yes,that”sverykindofyou.婉拒：I”dloveto,but„我很想去，可是„„That”sverykindofyou,butI”mafraid„感谢你的邀请，生怕„„4.建议与应答：建议Shallwemeetattheschoolgate?我们在校门口见面，好吗?Whynotmeetattheschoolgate?Let”smeetattheschoolgate.What/Howaboutmeetingattheschoolgate?应答。Goodidea!Great!太好啦!OK.好的供给帮助与应答：供给帮助。Can/May/CouldIhelpyou?需要我帮助吗?IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?WhatcanIdoforyou?Wouldyoulikesometea?想喝点茶吗?应答。Yes,Ican.动脑动手单元力量立体检测913页Ⅰ.要点分析：Pleasewriteitdown thispieceofpaper.in B.from C.by D.onThere alotofpeopleinthehouseamomentago.was B.were C.is D.are3.Mymotherisbusy thesupper.A.cook B.cooking C.cooks D.tocook4.Hewillbeback anhour.A.for B.on C.in D.atThedoorisopen.ButIremember it.A.close B.toclose C.closing D.closed6.There somericeandmeatinthebowljustnow.A.aneasyworkB.ahardworkA.aneasyworkB.ahardworkC.hardworksD.hardwork8.Pleaseaskhimtalkagain.A.notto B.don”t C.don”tto D.tonot9.CouldIhavesomeofyour (photo),please?10.Mytelephonenumber (be)7620796.【参考答案】D。表示“写在纸上”用介词on.考察therebeagoalotofpeople3.考察短语bebusydoing。考察表示将来一段时间，用介词in。考察remembertodorememberdoing，后者表示“记得做过某事C。句中时间状语为justnow(刚刚)，因此时态应为过去时，A、Bbe用于现在时，可排解。联合主语中离be动词最近的一个somerice数形式，因此选C。D。work作名词“工作”讲，为不行数名词，即不能用不定冠词修饰，也没有复数形式，只能选D。Aasksb.todosthtonot，即asksb.nottodosth.，因此选A。photos。英语中以o+ses，其中在无生命的词sradiospianosphotosepotatoestomatoesNegroesheroesisthenumberofThenumberofthestudentsissixty.Ⅱ.用所给动词的适当形式填空：1.Atrainwascomingnear (quick).2.They”refromGermany.Theyare (Germany).1013页3.Mikecan”tworkouttheprolbem (easy).4.Thisismy (two)visittoAmerica.5.Wemustdrive whenitissnowing(care).6.Who (teach)youChineselastyear?7.Everyoneinourclass (watch)TVonSundays.8.When yoursister (buy)thisbike?9.Weneed (wear)warmclothesinwinter.10.Shewantedme (help)her.【参考答案】1.quickly 2.Germans 3.easily 4.second 5.carefully 6.taught7.watches 8.did,buy 9.(to)wear 10.tohelpⅢ.易混词语释疑：very,quite,too,much,muchtoo,verymuch1.That”s dear.Idon”twanttobuyit.2.Thisbookisthe bestofall.Sheis agoodgirl.Thethirdcakeisthebestofall,butit”s dear.5.Myapplesare biggerthanyours.6.HelikesEnglish .【参考答案】too或muchtoo 2.very 3.quite 4.too 5.much 6.verymuch。very,quite和muchtoo三者均有“很，格外，格外”的意思，既可修饰形容词又可修muchtoovery,quitevery级、最高级(位于tootomuch副词比较级或最高级(们于the)；verymuchtalkto,talkwith,talkabout1.Don”t eachotherinclass.thispicture.3.Ienjoy you.【参考答案】1.talkto或talkwith 2.talkabout 3.talkingto,withtalkto。三者表示“与„„交谈to可用withtalkaboutHereyouare./Hereitis.—Youhavetwopens.MayIborrowone,please?— .—MayIseeyourticket,please?—Certainly. .【参考答案】1.Hereyouare. 2.Hereitis.HereyouareHereitis.两者都是“给你”的意思。Hereyouare.给的是你要的东西；Hereitis.是给的别人的那件东西，也就是特指的那件东西。(4)in,after,later1113页1.Westaredout twoweeks.2.I”mcomingback aminute.3.Tendays ,hewenttoBeijing.【参考答案】after 2.in 3.later三个词都有“在„„之后”的意思，区分是：ingo,come,start,reach,finishafterafter具体时间时，谓语用将来时；later是副词，不用来指从讲话时刻算起的假设干时间之后，时间从上下文确定。lookfor,find,findout1.Ican”t mypen.Doyouknowwhereitis?Readthesedialoguesand aboutanotherkindoffootball.3.Ican”t myticket.Couldyouhelpme it,please?【参考答案】1.find 2.findout 3.find,lookforlookfofindfindoumore,somemore,morethanHehas EnglishbooksthanI.Wedon”thaveenoughfood.Let”sbuy thisafternoon.3.—Howlongwereyounotatschoollastyear?— twoweeks.【参考答案】1.more 2.somemore 3.Morethanmore是many,muchmoremuch(