新概念英语第一册学习笔记

..Lesson1Excuseme![词汇]<11>excusev.原谅mepron.我〔宾格yesadv.是的isv.be动词现在时第三人称单数thispron.这yourpossessiveadjective你的,你们的handbagn.〔女用手提包pardonint.原谅,请再说一遍itpron.它thankyou 感谢你〔们verymuch 非常地★Excuseme.1、引起对方注意时2、常用于与陌生人搭话,打断别人的说话或从别人身边挤过,或在某个聚会中突然中途要离开一会儿时Excuseusforamoment.对不起,让我们单独聊会。sorry对不起,用于对别人有伤害时★mepron.我〔宾格人称代词：主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词Imemyminehehimhishissheherherhersitititsitsyouyouyouryours主格：用在句首,作主语宾格：在动词、介词之后形容词性的物主代词：不能单独使用名词性物主代词：只能单独使用★isv.be动词现在时第三人称单数be动词：am、is、areIamshe/he/itisyou/we/theyare★pardonint.原谅,请再说一遍Pardon?/Ibegyourpardon.请求对方把刚才讲过的话重复一遍。[语法]含有be动词的陈述句、否定句和一般疑问句含有be动词的任何句子,否定句就是在be动词后面加not；如果变一般疑问句,就把be动词提前到句子的前面。[课文]Excuseme.Yes?Isthisyourhandbag?Pardon?Isthisyourhandbag?Yes,itis.Thankyouverymuch.Lesson2Isthisyour…?[词汇]<10>penn.钢笔penciln.铅笔bookn.书watchn.手表coatn.上衣,外衣dressn.连衣裙skirtn.裙子shirtn.衬衣carn.小汽车housen.房子★dress①n.连衣裙；套裙②n.服装,衣服casualdress便服eveningdress晚礼服★housen.房子house房子,一般指独立的院落,更具体的指房子的建筑,结构family侧重家庭的成员Therearefourpeopleinmyfamily.在我家里有四口人。home抽象的家的概念homeroad《我的父亲母亲》Lesson3Sorry,sir.[词汇]<10>umbrellan.伞pleaseint.请hereadv.这里mypossessiveadjective我的ticketn.票numbern.号码fivenum.五sorryadj.对不起的sirn.先生cloakroomn.衣帽存放处★hereadv.这里地点副词：〔在英语中,时间副词、地点副词的前面不能加介词here这里 there那儿 home家〔副词,名词 abroad国外 downstairs楼底下 upstairs楼上downtown市中心★fivenum.五one,two,three,four,five,sir,seven,eight,nine,ten★sirn.先生①对不相识的男子、年长者或上级的尊称WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?先生,您要买什么？②sir通常用于正式信函开头的称呼：DearSir③Sir可用于有爵士称号者的名字或姓名前,但不用于姓氏前。madam：女士,夫人Mr.：先生Mrs.：夫人〔已婚的Miss：小姐,一般用于指末婚女子,不过在不知道对方是否已婚时也可使用〔两种发音：[mis]已婚未婚均可；[miz]即不愿意被称为已婚,又不愿意被称为未婚mister：加在男性的姓氏前面gentleman绅士,对男性比较有礼貌的称呼,在公众场合最得体的称呼lady女士ladiesandgentlemenLadyfirst.guy在美国英语中对男性一种不正式的称呼,家伙boy在美语中不正式的称呼girl女孩male男性 female 女性man男人woman妇女[语法]祈使句：祈使句：主语通常不直接表示出来,其谓语动词用原型,也叫无主句。表示命令、请求、建议、叮嘱等。祈使句真正的主语是你,但省略了。Myumbrellaandmycoatplease.省略了动词和间接宾语的祈使句。Keepoffthegrass!请勿践踏草地！Helpyourself!请自己动手！某些祈使动词可以后跟and和另一个祈使动词,而不是后跟带to的动词不定式结构。Comeandseethisgoldfish.Goandbuyyourselfanewpairofshoes.去给自己买双新鞋吧。Waitandsee.等着瞧吧。倒装句：hereis是简单的倒装句,be动词放在here的后面,这个句式就可以成为简单的倒装句式。Myticketishere.我的票在这。Hereismyticket./Here'smyticket.[课文]Mycoatandmyumbrellaplease.Hereismyticket.Thankyou,sir.Numberfive.Here'syourumbrellaandyourcoat.Thisisnotmyumbrella.Sorry,sir.Isthisyourumbrella?No,itisn't.Isthisit?Yes,itis.Thankyouverymuch.Lesson4Isthisyour…?[词汇]<5>suitn.一套衣服schooln.学校teachern.老师sonn.儿子daughtern.女儿Lesson5Nicetomeetyou.[词汇]<14>Mr. 先生goodadj.好morningn.早晨Miss 小姐newadj.新的studentn.学生Frenchadj.&n.法国人Germanadj.&n.德国人niceadj.美好的meetv.遇见Japaneseadj.&n.日本人Koreanadj.&n.韩国人Chineseadj&n.中国人tooadv.也★niceadj.美好的①adj.美好的,好看的It’sanicedaytoday,isn’tit?②adj.和蔼的,友好的Heisverynicetohisneighbours.③adj.使人高兴的,令人愉快的Itissonicetohaveyouhere.[语法]冠词：冠词数量上表示"一个"。冠词一共有三个,分为不定冠词和定冠词。1、a,an是不定冠词：可数名词单数前面必须要用不定冠词a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前面,an用于以元音音素〔元音发音的单词开头的名词前面apenanappleanumbrellaanegganhourauniversity2、the是定冠词,表示特指,有两种发音：[]、[],以元音发音开头的单词前面读[]。当想使听话者特别注意the后面的名词时,the就读为[],意思是"这一个而且只是这一个"或"主要是这一个"。定冠词的用法：①特指名词〔即以说话人或听话人已知的人或物为前提时,用theThereisanappleonthedesk.Theappleismine.Well,thereisagirlinfrontoftheclassroom.Thegirlismysister.②在专有特殊名词时,用thetheGreatWall,theSummerPalace,theForbiddenCity〔紫禁城,thesun③在国家前不用冠词,特例国家除外theUnitedStatesofAmerica[课文]MR.BLAKE: Goodmorning.STUDENTS:Goodmorning,Mr.Blake.MR.BLAKE:ThisisMissSophieDupont.Sophieisanewstudent.SheisFrench.MR.BLAKE:Sophie,thisisHans.HeisGerman.HANS:Nicetomeetyou.MR.BLAKE:AndthisisNaoko.She'sJapanese.NAOKO:Nicetomeetyou.MR.BLAKE:AndthisisChang-woo.He'sKorean.CHANG-WOO: Nicetomeetyou.MR.BLAKE:AndthisisLuming.HeisChinese.LUMNG:Nicetomeetyou.MR.BLAKE:AndthisisXiaohui.She'sChinese,too.XIAOHUI:Nicetomeetyou.[课文注释]1、英语国家中的姓名通常由三部分组成：名+中间名+姓。一般不用中间姓,在熟人之间以名相称,正式场合用Mr.、Mrs.、Miss〔小姐或Ms.〔女士加姓相称。2、Nicetomeetyou.用于初次与同学、朋友见面等非正式的场合,一般回答Nicetomeetyou,too.正式场合常用Howdoyoudo?回答也是Howdoyoudo?Lesson6Whatmakeisit?[词汇]<13>maken.〔产品牌号Swedishadj.瑞典的Englishadj.英国的Americanadj.美国的Italianadj.意大利的Volvo[]n.沃尔沃〔SwedishPeugeotn.标致〔FrenchMercedes[]n.梅赛德斯〔GermanToyotan.丰田〔JapaneseDaewoon.大宇〔KoreanMinin.迷你〔EnglishFordn.福特〔AmericanFiat[]n.菲亚特〔Italian★maken.〔产品的牌子；类型,型号；式样Whatmakeisyourwatch?HerdressisofItalianmake.她的连衣裙是意大利式的★Englishadj.英国〔人的；英格兰〔人的；英国化的JohnisveryEnglish.约翰生活行事非常英国化。[语法]选择疑问句：选择疑问句：在两者或三者中进行选择,用特殊颖问词or进行连接。选择疑问句词调一般是前升后降,选择疑问句的回答必须要用完整的句子回答。IssheaChineseteacheroraJapaneseteacher?Sheisn'taChineseteacher.She'saJapaneseteacher.Lesson7Areyouateacher?[词汇]〔10Ipron.我amv.be动词现在时的第一人称单数arev.be动词现在时复数namen.名字whatadj.&pron.什么nationalityn.国籍jobn.工作keyboardn.电脑键盘operatorn.操作人员engineern.工程师★nationalityn.国籍nationn.国家nationaladj.国家的,民族的nationalityn.国籍personn.人personaladj.个人的personalityn.人品人格★job[]n.工作①n.职业,工作,有报酬的工作,既可以是体力的,也可以是脑力的Whatisyourjob?②n.〔一件工作,话计Thewholejobtakesabout40minutes.③n.职责It’syourjobtobeontime.work[]n.工作,广义的概念,泛指的劳动workingclass工人阶级★keyboardn.电脑键盘key[]n.钥匙board[]n.木板blackboardn.黑板★operatorn.操作人员-or字母组合,表示某种人actorn.男演员[语法]特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句特殊疑问词：what、where、who、when、which、why、whom、how、howmany、howmuch、howlong、howfar、howoften、howsoonwhat可以用来询问名字、国籍、工作、颜色、型号等：Whatmakeisit?它是什么牌子？Whatcolorisit?它是什么颜色的？Whatnationality…？Whattimeisit?Whatsizeisthisskirt?一般疑问句：Be动词+…Do/Does/Did+…Have/Has/Had+…Can及情态动词〔must、need、may…1、所有一般疑问句必须要用升调来读2、一般疑问句可以用简单的Yes/No来回答3、所有一般疑问句用什么来问的就用什么来答[课文]ROBERT: Iamanewstudent. Myname'sRobert.SOPHIE: Nicetomeetyou.Myname'sSophie.ROBERT: AreyouFrench?SOPHIE: Yes,Iam. AreyouFrench,too?ROBERT: No,Iamnot.SOPHIE: Whatnationalityareyou?ROBERT: I'mItalian. Areyouateacher?SOPHIE: No,I'mnot.ROBERT: What'syourjob?SOPHIE: I'makeyboardoperator. What'syourjob?ROBERT: I'manengineer.[课文注解]1、AreyouFrench,too?too和either两个词都表示"也"的意思,too用于肯定句和疑问句中,either仅限用于否定句中。too和either一般放在句末,且前面通常用逗号隔开。2、Whanationalityareyou?用于询问对方国藉,相当于Whereareyoufrom?或Wheredoyoucomefrom?3、What’syourjob?询问对方从事何种职业也可以说：Whatdoyoudo?Lesson8What'syourjob?[词汇]〔10policeman[]n.警察policewoman[]n.女警察taxidriver[]n.出租汽车司机airhostess[]n.空中小姐postman[]n.邮递员nurse[]n.护士mechanic[]n.机械师hairdresser[]n.理发师housewife[]n.家庭妇女milkman[]n.送牛奶的人★nurse[]n.护士①n.护士；照料者②v.照料；照看Allhertimegoesintonursingherchild.她把全部时间都花于照看自己的孩子上了。③v.养护；培养nurseayoungtree养护树苗nurseanauthorofpromise培养有前途的作家Lesson9Howareyoutoday?[词汇]〔9helloint.喂〔表示问候hiint.喂,嗨howadv.怎样todayadv.今天welladj.身体好fineadj.美好的thanksint.谢谢goodbyeint.再见seev.见★howadv.怎样Howaboutthat?怎么会这样？那一个怎么样？Howcome?=Why?为什么？Howgoesit?=Howisitgoing?事情进展如何？★fineadj.美好的①健康的；舒适的②极好的,优秀的afineview美好的景色③优雅的,雅致的Heisamanwithfinemanners.他是一个举止优雅的男人。★seev.见see表示看见的结果look表示看的动作lookatsth.lookoutofthewindowlookintomyeyeswatch观看移动的一些东西watchTV[语法]How…?的一些社交上的用法：1、用于询问健康状况或一般生活情况：Howareyou?/Howhaveyoubeen?你一向可好？2、Howdoyoudo?是正式介绍中的一句套话,从不用来询问健康。3、How经常用在询问目前状况的疑问句里：How’slife?生活如何？Howarethings?情况怎样？How’swork?工作怎么样？形容词的意义与作用：1、形容词修饰名词所指的人、物等,说明人、物等是什么样或看上去是什么样的。2、许多形容词可用以回答What’s…like？这样的问题,并可根据上下文给出笼统或确切的信息。What’sTomlike?He’sveryfat.3、英语中形容词作定语时一般置于名词之前。[课文]STEVEN: Hello,Helen.HELEN: Hi,Steven.STEVEN: Howareyoutoday?HELEN: I'mverywell,thankyou.Andyou?STEVEN: I'mfine,thanks. HowisTony?HELEN: He'sfine,thanks. How'sEmma?STEVEN: She'sverywell,too,Helen. Goodbye,Helen.Nicetoseeyou.HELEN: Nicetoseeyou,too,Steven. Goodbye.Lesson10Lookat…[词汇]〔13fatadj.胖的womann.女人thinadj.瘦的talladj.高的shortadj.矮的dirtyadj.脏的cleanadj.干净的hotadj.热的coldadj.冷的oldadj.老的youngadj.年轻的busyadj.忙的lazyadj.懒的★look①看,瞧,观,望Lookcarefullybeforeyoucrossthestreet.过马路前要仔细看清来往车辆。②面向,朝向Theroomlooksonthesea.房间面向大海。Twowindowslooktothesouth.两扇窗子朝南。Lesson11Isthisyourshirt?[词汇]〔5whosepron.谁的blueadj.蓝色的perhapsadv.大概whiteadj.白色的catchv.抓住★whosepron.谁的whose〔特殊疑问词：用于询问所有关系。对形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、名词所有格的两种情况〔形容词性和名词性进行提问。★blueadj.蓝色的①蓝色的,蔚蓝的②沮丧的,忧郁的Hismoodisblue.他的情绪低落。Helooksabitblue.他看上去有点儿忧郁。★catchv.抓住①v.接住,拦住②v.逮住,捕获catchathief③v.染上〔疾病Ihavecaughtabadcold.我得了重感冒。[语法]所有格形容词和所有格代词：所有格形容词与所有格代词都表示所有,即某人或某物属于某一个人,回答以whose引导的问句。所有格形容词my、your等是限定词,必须始终放在名词之前,只能作定语,它们的形式取决于所有者,而不是被拥有的东西。所有格代词mine、yours等不能用在名词前,并且在说话时要加重语气,它们指人或物,单数或复数都一样,在句中作主语、宾语、表语用。Ihavemyway,andshehashers.名词所有格：名词所有格与名词有关〔与所有格形容词和所有格代词有关,名词+’s：表示……的,如：Tim's、Jones'、boss's。名词所有格有两种属性：形容词性、名词性ThisisTim'sshirt.〔形容词性ThisshirtisTim's.〔名词性[课文]TEACHER: Whoseshirtisthat? Isthisyourshirt,Dave?DAVE: No.Sir.It'snotmyshirt. Thisismyshirt.Myshirt'sblue.TEACHER: IsthisshirtTim's?DAVE: Perhapsitis,sir.Tim'sshirt'swhite.TEACHER: Tim!TIM: Yes,sir?TEACHER: Isthisyourshirt?TIM: Yes,sir.TEACHER: Hereyouare.Catch!TIM: Thankyou,sir.[课文注解]Hereyouare.给你这是给对方东西时的用语,也可用Hereitis.或Heretheyare.〔指复数的物。句中的are和is一般应重读。

Lesson12Whoseisthis…?Thisismy/your/his/her…Whoseisthat…?Thatismy/your/his/her…[词汇]〔8fathern.父亲mothern.母亲blousen.女衬衫sistern.姐,妹tien.领带brothern.兄,弟hispossessiveadjective.他的herpossessiveadjective.她的Lesson13Anewdress[词汇]〔8colourn.颜色=color〔美greenadj.绿色comev.来upstairsadj.楼上smartadj.时髦的,巧妙的hatn.帽子sameadj.相同的lovelyadj.可爱的★colourn.颜色=color〔美whatcolouris…?Whatmakeis…?什么车牌？★comev.来comeon：快点来；拜托,得了吧；过来Comeon.I’mnot18yearsoldagain.拜托,得了吧。go：去,加油★smartadj.时髦的,巧妙的①漂亮的,时髦的,巧妙的Youlooksmartinthatnewdress.②聪明的,伶俐的,精明的Heisasmartbusinessman.[课文]LOUISE: Whatcolour'syournewdress?ANNA: It'sgreen. Comeupstairsandseeit.LOUISE: Thankyou.ANNA: Look!Hereitis!LOUISE: That'sanicedress. It'sverysmart.ANNA: Myhat'snew,too.LOUISE: Whatcolourisit?ANNA: It'sthesamecolour. It'sgreen,too.LOUISE: Thatisalovelyhat![课文注释]It’sthesamecolour.一样的颜色。same通常与定冠词the连用,表示"同一的"、"相同的"twoboysofthesameage两个同龄的男孩子Lesson14Whatcolour'syour…?[词汇]〔3case n.箱子carpet n.地毯dog n.狗Lesson15Yourpassport,please.[词汇]〔9customsn.海关officern.官员girln.女孩,姑娘Danishadj.&n.丹麦人friendn.朋友Norwegianadj.&n.挪威人passportn.护照brownadj.棕色的tourist[]n.旅游者★customsn.海关customs,Customsn.[复]海关；征收关税的程序ThespywasstoppedattheCustomsandquestioned.那个间谍在海关被截住并被加以盘问。customn.风俗,习惯Whenrisitingaforeigncountry,wemightfindthecountry’scustomsstrangetous.Itishiscustomtogoforawalkintheevening.★friendn.朋友friend：朋友〔正式pal：好友,伙伴〔随意buddy：伙伴,朋友〔随意friendship：友谊Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难之交才是真朋友。★touristn.旅游者tourn.观光,旅游tourguide导游traveln.旅行〔泛指travelern.旅行者tripv.&n.旅行〔短途[语法] 名词：名词有五种：1、普通名词〔可数名词：apen、abook2、物质名词〔不可数名词：water、milk3、专有名词：Mt.Tai〔泰山、theGreatWall〔长城、SummerPalace〔颐和园4、集体名词：police、people、family5、抽象名词：beauty、wisdom可数名词单数变复数的规则：1、普通的名词后边直接加sabook/twobooks加-s后的读音[][][]2、以辅音字母加y结尾的单词要把y变i加esbaby->babies3、以-ch-sh-x-s-z结尾的单词要加-es读音为[]4、以f或fe结尾的单词要变为vesknife->kniveswife->wives5、辅音字母加o结尾的单词要加espotato->potatoeszoo->zoos元音字母加o结尾的单词要加s6、英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的man——men swoman——womenmilkman——milkmen policwwman——policwomen[课文]CUSTOMSOFFICER: AreyouSwedish?GIRLS: No,wearenot.WeareDanish.CUSTOMSOFFICER: AreyourfriendsDanish,too?GIRLS: No,theyaren't. TheyareNorwegian.CUSTOMSOFFICER: Yourpassports,please.GIRLS: Heretheyare.CUSTOMSOFFICER: Aretheseyourcases?GIRLS: No,theyaren't. Ourcasesarebrown. Heretheyare.CUSTOMSOFFICER: Areyoutourists?GIRLS: Yes,weare.CUSTOMSOFFICER: Areyourfriendstouriststoo?GIRLS: Yes,theyare.CUSTOMSOFFICER: That'sfine.GIRLS: Thankyouverymuch.Lesson16Areyou…?[词汇]〔8Russianadj.&n.俄罗斯人Dutchadj.&n.荷兰人thesepron.这些〔复数redadj.红色的greyadj.灰色的yellowadj.黄色的blackadj.黑色的orangeadj.橘黄色的★greyadj.灰色的①灰色的,偏灰的②头发灰白的Herhairisgrey.③面色苍白的Tonylooksgreyandtired.托尼面色苍白,显得疲惫。[语法]名词复数-s或-es的发音规则：①如果名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音〔[s]、[]、[]除外,-s发[s]的音如：books[buks] suits[su:ts]②如果名词词尾的发音是一个浊辅音〔[z]、[]、[]除外或元音,-s发[z]的音,③如果名词词尾的发音是[s]、[z]、[]、[]、[]、[],-s发[iz]的音Lesson17Howdoyoudo?[词汇]〔6employeen.雇员hard-workingadj.勤奋的salesreps 推销员=salesrepresentativesmann.男人officen.办公室assistantn.助手★employeen.雇员一个动词后有-ee,是被这个动作影响的人；一个动词后有-er,是做出这个动作的人。V+-ee被……的人 V+er发出……的人employv.雇拥Ineedtoemploysomepeopletohelpmedothiswork.employeen.雇员employern.雇主employmentn.工作-ment名词后缀trainv.训练traineen.被训练的人trainern.训练者★hard-workingadj.勤奋的hardadj&adv.艰苦的,坚硬的,努力地workn&v.工作hard-workingadj.勤奋的Lucyisahard-workingemployee.Theyarehard-working.hard-workn.艰苦的工作Thisisahard-work.workhard努力地工作★assistantn.助手officeassistant指办公室干杂务的工作人员assistv.援助[课文]MR.JACKSON: Comeandmeetouremployees,Mr.Richards.MR.RICHARDS: Thankyou,Mr.Jackson.MR.JACKSON: ThisisNicolaGrey,andthisisClaireTaylor.MR.RICHARDS: Howdoyoudo? Thosewomenareveryhard-working. Whataretheirjobs?MR.JACKSON: They'rekeyboardoperators. ThisisMichaelBaker,andthisisJeremyShort.MR.RICHARDS: Howdoyoudo? Theyaren'tverybusy! Whataretheirjobs?MR.JACKSON: They'resalesreps. They'reverylazy.MR.RICHARDS: Whoisthisyoungman?MR.JACKSON: ThisisJim. He'sourofficeassistant.Lesson18Whataretheirjobs?twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninetyone/ahundredone/athousand百位和十位之间用and连接。1万=10千101：onehundredandone1564：onethousandfivehundredandsixtyfour9059：ninethousandandfiftynine63,152：sixtythreethousandonehundredandfiftytwo331,278：threehundredandthirtyonethousandtwohundredandseventyeightLesson19Tiredandthirty[词汇]〔9mattern.事情childrenn.孩子们〔child的复数tiredadj.累,疲乏boyn.男孩thirstyadj.渴Mumn.妈妈sitdown 坐下rightadj.好,可以icecream 冰淇淋〔有时可数,有时不可数★mattern.事情①n.事情,事件It’saprivatematter.He’snotveryinterestedinfinancialmatters.②n.麻烦事,困难What'sthematter?=Tellmewhat’swrong?=What’swrong?What’sthematterwith+sb.What'sthematterwiththechildren?Itdoesn'tmatter.没关系Itmatters.有关系Doesitmatter?有关系吗？可以吗？★thirstyadj.渴①adj.渴的,口干的②adj.〔工地等干旱的adryandthirstyland干旱的土地③adj.渴望的,渴求的〔for/afterThestudentstherearethirstyforknowledge.那里的学生有强烈的求知欲。[语法]Therebe句型therebe句型：表示某处有某物thereis+可数名词的单数/不可数名词Thereisapen,twobooksandaknifeonthedesk.课桌上有一枝钢笔、两本书和一把小刀。〔第一个并列名词是单数,所以用isthereare+可数名词的复数形式常见方位介词：in、on、over、underon：在…上面,接触物体表面over：越过,垂直上方,不接触表面in：在…里面,物体里面to：往,向,表示去向方向into：进入…里面,从外到里进入的过程outof：在…外,从里面出来across：横穿[在物体表面横穿],从平面穿过through：从里面〔中间穿过under：在……下面deside：在……旁边near：在……附近between：在……两者之间among在…中间〔两者以上over：从斜面穿过介词用法：跟在be动词之后跟在一些不及物动词之后[课文]MOTHER: What'sthematter,children?GIRL: We'retired…BOY: …andthirsty,Mum.MOTHER: Sitdownhere. Areyouallrightnow?BOY: No,wearen't.MOTHER: Look! There'sanicecreamman.MOTHER: Twoicecreamplease. Hereyouare,children.CHILDREN: Thanks,Mum.GIRL: Theseicecreamsarenice.MOTHER: Areyouallrightnow?CHILDREN: Yes,weare,thankyou!Lesson20Lookatthem![词汇]〔10bigadj.大的smalladj.小的openadj.开着的shutadj.关着的lightadj.轻的heavyadj.重的longadj.长的shoen.鞋子grandfathern.祖父grandmothern.祖母Lesson21Whichbook?[词汇]〔3givev.给onepron.一个which 哪一个[语法]动词的双宾语：buymeabook=buyabookformeGivemeabook.=Giveabooktome.双宾语中通常物是直接宾语,人是间接宾语[课文]MAN: Givemeabookplease,Jane.WOMAN: Whichbook?Thisone?MAN: No,notthatone. Theredone.WOMAN: Thisone?MAN: Yes,please.WOMAN: Hereyouare.MAN: Thankyou.Lesson22Giveme/him/her/us/thema…Whichone?[词汇]〔14emptyadj.空的fulladj.满的largeadj.大的littleadj.小的sharpadj.尖的,锋利的bluntadj.钝的box<boxes>n.盒子,箱子glass<glasses>n.杯子cup<cups>n.茶杯bottle<bottles>n.瓶子tin<tins>n.罐头knife<knives>n.刀子fork<forks>n.叉子spoon<spoons>n.勺子★largeadj.大的★bigadj.大的large仅指物理量值的大,主要指体积、面积、形状、数量方面的大,修饰人时指个子大。small的反义词。Lookatthatlargewomaninwhite.big所表示的大,主要指不仅体积大而且很重,在修饰人时,主要指大人物,但个子未必高大。She’sverybiginthefilmdom.她在电影界中是个响当当的人物。〔指不仅成功,而且具有很大的影响力★littleadj.小的★smalladj.小的small指物理量值的小或少,是large的反义词,不带什么感情色彩。Iwantthesmallonewiththeyellowhandle.little也表示小或少,但有小而可爱的感情色彩,是big的反义词。Shehasthesweetestlittlesmiles.★glassn.杯子①n.玻璃杯或有脚的玻璃杯②n.杯中物,酒Hehashadaglasstoomuch.他多喝了一杯〔喝醉了。I’dliketoenjoyaglassnowandthen.我喜欢不时喝点酒。★cupn.杯子①n.杯子〔一般带柄,用于盛热饮或咖啡Ihaveabeautifulsetofteacups.②n.一杯饮料,一杯咖啡YoucangetagoodcupatLucy’sCafé.Lesson23Whichglasses?[词汇]〔2onprep.在……之上shelfn.架子,搁板ontheshelf[语法]定语：定语：是修饰限定的成份,做定语的词一般是形容词,但也可用介词短语或定语从句做定语。介词短语做后置定语：abookonthedesk定语从句：ThisistheboyIsawyesterday.在英语中,形容词修饰名词时,修饰成份放在名词前面,但由一个介词短语或句子修饰名词时,这个修饰成份应放在名词的后面。[课文]MAN:Givemesomeglassesplease,Jane.WOMAN:Whichglasses?Theseglasses?MAN:No,notthose.Theonesontheshelf.WOMAN: These?MAN:Yes,please.WOMAN: Hereyouare.MAN: Thanks.Lesson24Giveme/him/her/us/themsome…[词汇]〔12deskn.课桌tablen.桌子platen.盘子cupboardn.食橱cigaretten.香烟televisionn.电视机floorn.地板onthefloordressingtable n.梳妆台magazinen.杂志bedn.床newspapern.报纸stereon.立体声音响★deskn.课桌★tablen.桌子desk通常指有抽屉的桌子,用于办公、读书、写字等,即"书桌"、"写字台"、"办公桌"Heisworkingathisdesk.他正在自己的书桌前用功。table通常指由若干条腿支撑着的平板,没有抽屉,即"餐桌"、"会议桌"、"工作台"、"手术台"等。I’vebookedatablefortwoat7.00.Theysatroundthetalbeandmadethisbigdecision.他们围坐在会议桌旁,作出了这个重大的决定。Lesson25Mrs.Smith'sKitchen[词汇]〔10Mrs. 夫人kitchenn.厨房refrigeratorn.电冰箱rightn.右边electricadj.带电的,可通电的leftn.左边cookern.炉子,炊具middlen.中间ofprep.〔属于……的roomn.房间★cookern.炉子,炊具在英文中炊事员用cook。[课文]Mrs.Smith'skitchenissmall.Thereisarefrigeratorinthekitchen.Therefrigeratoriswhite.Itisontheright.Thereisanelectriccookerinthekitchen.Thecookerisblue.Itisontheleft.Thereisatableinthemiddleoftheroom.Thereisabottleonthetable.Thebottleisempty.Thereisacuponthetable,too.Thecupisclean.Lesson26Whereisit?[词汇]〔2whereadv.在哪里inprep.在…里Lesson27Mrs.Smith'slivingroom[词汇]〔7livingroom 客厅nearprep.靠近widown.窗户armchairn.扶手椅doorn.门nearthedoorpicturen.图画walln.墙onthewall★livingroom客厅living生活★nearprep.靠近①adj.靠近的,接近的②adj.关系接近的,亲近的Sheisnearfrinedofmine.Myuncleisnearestrelation.③adj.近似的,几乎的Thepicturemaynotbeanexactreplicabutitsprettynear.这幅画也许不是一模一样的复制品,但是已酷似原作了。★widown.窗户win赢wind吹风★armchairn.扶手椅chairman主席presidentn.总统[语法]some,any一些：some和any跟可数名词的复数或者是不可数名词；some表示"某些但不是全部",通常用于肯定句中,在表示征求对方意见,并且希望得到肯定的答复时也可以用于疑问句。Haveyougotsomepaper-clipsinthatbox?〔回形针Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?你想喝点什么吗？any表示不确定的数量,通常用在含有not或-n’t的否定句中,也用于表示不确定答案是肯定还是否定,或用于预料得到的回答是No的疑问句。[课文]Mrs.Smith'slivingroomislarge.Thereisatelevisionintheroom.Thetelevisionisnearthewindow.Therearesomemagazinesonthetelevision.Thereisatableintheroom.Therearesomenewspapersonthetable.Therearesomearmchairsintheroom.Thearmchairsarenearthetable.Thereisastereointheroom.Thestereoisnearthedoor.Therearesomebooksonthestereo.Therearesomepicturesintheroom.Thepicturesareonthewall.Lesson28Wherearethey?[词汇]〔1trousersn.长裤Lesson29Comein,Amy?[词汇]〔11shutv.关门bedroomn.卧室untidyadj.乱,不整齐mustmodalverb必须,应该openv.打开airv.使…通风,换换空气putv.放置clothesn.衣服wardrobe[]n.大衣柜dustv.掸掉灰尘土sweepv.扫★untidyadj.乱,不整齐un-前缀,表示否定；tityadj.整齐的,干净的happy——unhappy不幸福的lucky——unlucky不幸的known——unknown未知的★airv.使…通风,换换空气①n.空气,新鲜空气Let’sgooutandbreathesomefreshair.②n.空中,空间Helikestostayintheopenair.他喜欢在户外呆着。③v.晾〔衣服、被褥等；使通风Leavethetrousersonthewashing-linetoair.把裤子挂到晾衣绳上去晾干。★dustv.掸掉灰尘土★sweepv.用笤帚扫地dust①v.掸掉……上的灰尘；②n.灰尘clearadj.清晰的v.清除cleanadj.清洁的,干净的v.使……干净〔不管用什么方法cleansev.用水彻底把……弄干净wipev.用抹布去擦[语法]情态动词：1情态动词表示人的情感、状态或情绪变化的一种助动词,它本身具有实际意义。2情态动词不能单独做谓语,只能和后面的原形动词一起构成谓语。3情态动词没有人称和数格的变化。4含有情态动词的句子,否定句在它后面加not,一般疑问句把它提前。情态动词must的用法：must是情态动词,表示"必须"、"应当",与haveto相似,表示不可逃避的义务。在说话人看来,没有选择的余地。但must带有个人色彩,表示说话人的主观意图。表示个人感情时通常用must。Youmust…〔你必须……表示说话人说/认为……是必要的。Youmustopenthewindow.Youmustn'topenthewindow?MustIopenthewindow?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn't.[课文]MRS.JONES:Comein,Amy.Shutthedoor,please.MRS.JONES: Thisbedroom'sveryuntidy.AMY: WhatmustIdo,Mrs.Jones?MRS.JONES: Openthewindowandairtheroom.Thenputtheseclothesinthewardrobe.MRS.JONES: Thenmakethebed.MRS.JONES: Dustthedressingtable.Thensweepthefloor.Lesson30WhatmustIdo?[词汇]〔7emptyv.倒空,使…变空readv.读sharpenv.削尖,使锋利puton 穿上takeoff 脱掉turnon 开〔电灯turnoff 关〔电灯★emptyadj.空的①v.使空；把……倒出〔移出Theyemptiedthehouse.他们把房屋搬空了。②v.流出；走出Theriveremptieditselfintothesea.河水流入大海。Itwasraining,andthestreetsbegantoempty.天下起了雨,街上的行人开始稀少了。③adj.空的Herpurseisempty.她的钱包是空的。④adj.空虚的,无意义的It’sanemptydream.这是个不现实的梦想。Officialswereflatteredbyemptycomplements.官员们被空洞的恭维话弄得心里美滋滋的。⑤adj.呆板的,毫无表情的Shelookedathimwithemptyeyes.她木然地看着他。Hesaidallthisinanemptyvoice.他用一种呆板声调说了这一切。Lesson31Where'sSally?[词汇]〔10gardenn.花园underprep.在……这下treen.树climbv.爬,攀登whopron.谁runv.跑grassn.草,草地afterprep.在……之后acrossprep.横过,穿过catn.猫★climbv.爬,攀登①v.攀登,攀爬〔树、山等②v.逐步上升〔增长Thetemperatureisclimbingsteadily.温度正在慢慢地平稳上升。Thepriceofgoldclimbedback.金价逐渐回升了。③v.〔在社会地位等方面往上爬Heistryinghardtoclimbtothetopofthesocialladder.他正努力爬到社会的最顶层。Hehasclimbedtoaveryhighpositioninhisfield.他已在自己的领域中爬到了一个很高的位置。★runv.跑①v.跑,奔跑runacrossthegrass：跑过草地②v.流动；流出Thecurrentisrunningstrong.水流湍急。Hereyesranwithtears.她落泪了。③

v.追赶；追逐；追求runafter：追逐Manyyoungmenarerunningafterthatgirl.许多年轻人在追求那个姑娘。[语法]时态：共十六种时态,时态是通过动词变化来实现的。学习方法：1首先了解概念2时态——动词变化规则、时间的状态现在进行时：1、概念①表示现在正在进行或者发生的动作或事情②表示现阶段正在进行或发生,但说话的此刻动作不一定进行③可以表示将来〔多用于移动性动词,并且后面要加将来的时间移动性动词：go/come/return/move2、结构：肯定句：S.+be+v.-ing否定句：S.+be+not+v.-ing一般疑问句：Be+S.+v.-ing?回答：Yes,S.+be/No,S.+be+not特殊疑问句：What+be+S.+v.-ing?3、动词变化：V-ing4、时间：now[课文]JEAN: Where'sSally,Jack?JACK: She'sinthegarden,Jean.JEAN: What'sshedoing?JACK: She'ssittingunderthetree.JEAN: IsTiminthegarden,too?JACK: Yes,heis.He'sclimbingthetree.JEAN: Ibegyourpardon?Who'sclimbingthetree?JACK: Timis.JEAN: Whataboutthedog?JACK: Thedog'sinthegarden,too. It'srunningacrossthegrass. It'srunningafteracat.Lesson32What'she/she/itdoing?[词汇]〔12typev.打字lettern.信basketn.篮子eatv.吃bonen.骨头cleanv.清洗toothn.〔复数teeth牙齿cookv.做〔饭菜milkn.牛奶mealn.饭,一顿饭drinkv.喝tapn.〔水龙头★cookv.做〔饭菜①v.烹调；煮,烧Shecookedalovelymealforherhusband.Thebeefisnotcookedenough.牛肉煮得不够熟。②n.厨子,炊事员Tomworksasacookinalocalrestaurant.Mydadisreallyagoodcook.Lesson33Afineday[词汇]〔15dayn.日子cloudn.云skyn.天空intheskysunn.太阳shinev.照耀sunshinewithprep.和……在一起familyn.家庭〔成员walkv.走路,步行overprep.跨越,在……之上bridgen.桥boatn.船rivern.河shipn.轮船aeroplanen.飞机flyv.飞★dayn.日子Sunday：[]星期天Monday：星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday：星期三Thursday：星期四Friday：星期五Saturday：星期六★withprep.和……在一起bewith：和……在一起Mrs.Liuiswiththosechildren.★walkv.走路,步行walkover：走过Theyarewalkingoverthebridge.onfoot步行〔介词短语Theyaregoingtoschoolonfoot.★boatn.船★shipn.轮船boat指河中行驶的小船,ship一般指海洋中行驶的大船。★aeroplanen.飞机飞机正式用语：aeroplane〔英语、airplane〔美语；非正式用语：plane[课文]Itisafinedaytoday.Therearesomecloudsinthesky,butthesunisshining.Mr.Jonesiswithhisfamily.Theyarewalkingoverthebridge.Therearesomeboatsontheriver.Mr.Jonesandhiswifearelookingatthem.Sallyislookingatabigship.Theshipisgoingunderthebridge.Timislookingatanaeroplane.Theaeroplaneisflyingovertheriver.[课文注释]Mr.Jonesiswithhisfamily.句中with是介词,表示"和……一起"。family指"家里的人"或"家庭成员"。Lesson34Whataretheydoing?[词汇]〔6sleepv.睡觉shavev.刮脸cryv.哭,喊washv.洗waitv.等jumpv.跳★sleepv.睡觉①v.睡觉IwassoexcitedthatIcouldhardlysleep.②n.睡眠；睡觉Hehadagoodsleeplastnight.★jumpv.跳①v.跳跃；跃过Theyjumpedoffthewallandranoff.他们从墙上跳下去跑掉了。②v.略去；跳过Hejumpedthefirstgradeincollege.他跳过大学一年级〔指跳级直接升入二年级。③v.突然上升；猛增Theyjumpedtheregistrationfeesfrom20to50.他们把注册费从20涨到50。Hiscompany’sprofitsjumpedsurprisinglylastyear.他所在公司去年的利润令人惊异地飞速增加。[语法]动词+ing的规则：1、一般的词直接加-ing：read——reading2、以-e结尾,要去掉-e,然后再加-ing：shave——shaving以-ee结尾,直接加-ing：see——seeing3、重读闭音节结尾的单词,末尾如果只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母,然后再加-ing：sit——sitting重读闭音节：一般单音节都为重读闭音节：五个元音字母在单词里,发本身的字母音是开音节,如果不是发本身的字母音就是闭音节。4、一般双音节重读音节必须在第二个音节,第二个音节里有一个元音和辅音的单词要双写,加ing。enter——entering；refer——referringLesson35Ourvillage[词汇]〔14photographn.照片villagen.村庄valleyn.山谷betweenprep.在……之间hilln.小山anotherdet.另一个wifen.妻子alongprep.沿着bankn.河岸watern.水swimv.游泳buildingn.大楼,建筑物parkn.公园intoprep.进入★photographn.照片Iwanttotakeaphoto.picture照片〔美takeaphotograph/pictureofsb.给某人拍照"……的"用of,无生命的东西表示所属aphotographofacity/ourvillage★hilln.小山hill：不高的小山丘mount：名山,山的专有名词mountain：大型的,高山range：山区,山脉,连绵起伏的群山★watern.水〔不可数名词waters水域★swimv.游泳goswimming去游泳★parkn.公园v.停车Noparking.不许停车[语法]短语动词：短语动词通常是指后面常跟一个介词或副词短语的动词,即动词+介词或副词小品词。英语〔特别是非正式的、惯用的英语中存在着一种用动词短语代替与其同义的单个动词的强烈趋势。最常见的短语动词是由英语中最短小和最简单的动词构成的,这些动词常与表示位置或方向的词组合,如along,down,in,off,on,out,over,under等。而且一个短语本身也可能有几种不同的意义。★gointo①走进；进入②进入；介入They’regoingintothebusinessworld.他们正步入商界。★siton①坐在……上②拖延〔口语；压下Theyaretryingtositonthebadnewsaslongaspossible.他们正试图尽可能拖延时间不把这个坏消息讲出去。★runalong①沿着……跑Thedogsarerunningalongtheriverbanks.②离开；走开It’sgettingdark,wemustrunalong.天黑了,我们得走了。[课文]Thisisaphotographofourvillage.Ourvillageisinavalley.Itisbetweentwohills.Thevillageisonariver.Hereisanotherphotographofthevillage.MywifeandIarewalkingalongthebanksoftheriver.Weareontheleft.Thereisaboyinthewater.Heisswimmingacrosstheriver.Hereisanotherphotograph.Thisistheschoolbuilding.Itisbesideapark.Theparkisontheright.Somechildrenarecomingoutofthebuilding.Someofthemaregoingintothepark.Lesson36Where…？[词汇]〔2besideprep.在……旁offprep.离开L