2023年职称英语等级考试试卷卫生类A级试题

职称英语等级考试试卷－卫生类（A级）（试题）-4-1014:21【大中小】【我要纠错】第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为靠近折选项。1.Shewasapuzzle.AgirlCproblemBwomanDmystery2.HerspecialityisheartsurgeryAregionCfieldBsiteDplatform3.FrancehaskeptintimatelinkswithitsformerAfricanterritoriesAfriendlyCstrongBprivateDsecret4.Youshouldhaveblendedthebutterwiththesugarthoroughly,AspreadCbeatenBmixedDcovered5.heindustrialrevolutionmodifiedthewholestructureofEnglishsociety.AdestroyedCsmashedBbrokeDchanged6.Ticketsarelimitedandwillbeallocatedtothosewhoapplyfirst.ApostedCgivenBsentDhanded7.Thechangeinthatvillagewasmiraculous.AconservativeCinsignificantBamazingDunforgettable8.Customersoftendeferpaymentforaslongaspossible.AmakeCpostponeBdemandDobtain9.Canadawillprohibitsmokinginallofficeslaterthisyear.AbanCeliminateBremoveDexpel10.Shereadapoemwhichdepictsthesplendorofthesunset.AdeclaresBassertsCdescribesDannounces.11.Frommystandpoint,thisthingisjustridiculousAfieldCknowledgeBpointofviewDinformation12.ThelatestcensusisencouragingAstatementBassessmentCevaluationDcount13.Thecuriouslooksfromthestrangersaroundhermadeherfeeluneasy.AdifferentCuncomfortableBproudDunconscious14.Readingthejobad,hewonderedwhetherhewaseligibletoapplyforit.AableCqualifiedBfortunateDcompetent15.Hewaselevatedtothepostofprimeminister.ApulledCliftedBpromotedDtreated第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面旳短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文旳内容对每个句子做出判断：假如该句提供旳是对旳信息，请选择A；假如该句提供旳是错误信息，请选择B；假如该句旳信息文中没有提及，请选择C.TheDoctorinAmericaSelf-employedprivatephysicianswhochargeafeeforeachpatientvisithavebeenthenormforAmericanmedicalpractice.Mostphysicianshaveacontractrelationshipwithoneormorehospitalsintheircommunity.Theyrefertheirpatientsasneededtothehospital,whichusuallychargesaccordingtothenumberofdaysapatientstaysandthefacilities-X-rays,operatingrooms,tests-heorsheuses.

Somemedicaldoctorsareonsalary.Salariedphysiciansmayworkashospitalstaffmembers,orresidents,whoareoftenstillintraining.Theymayteachinmedicalschools,behiredbycorporationstocarefortheirworkersorworkforthefederalgovernment'sPublicHealthService.Physiciansareamongthebest-paidprofessionalsintheUnitedStates.Inthe1980s，itwasnotuncommonformedicaldoctorsto，earnincomesofmorethan$100，000ayear.Specialists，particularlysurgeons，mightearnseveraltimesthatamount.Physicianslistmanyreasonswhytheydeservetobesowellrewardedfortheirwork.OnereasonisthelongandexpensivepreparationrequiredtobecomeaphysicianintheUnitedStates.Mostwould-bephysiciansfirstattendcollegeforfouryears，whichcancostnearly$20，000ayearatoneofthebestprivateinstitutions.Prospectivephysiciansthenattendmedicalschoolforfouryears.Tuitionalonecanexceed$10，000ayear.Bythetimetheyhaveobtainedtheirmedicaldegrees，manyyoungphysiciansaredeeplyindebt.Theystillfacethreetofiveyearsofresidency（住院医生实习期）inahospital，thefirstyearasanapprenticephysician.Thehoursarelongandthepayisrelativelylow.Settingupamedicalpracticeisexpensive,too.Sometimesseveralphysicianswilldecidetoestablishagrouppractice,sotheycansharetheexpenseofmaintaininganofficeandbuyingequipment.Thesephysiciansalsotakecareofeachother'spatientsinemergencies.

Physiciansworklonghoursandmustacceptagreatdealofresponsibility.Many

medicalprocedures,evenquiteroutineones,involverisk.Itisunderstandablethat

physicianswanttobewellrewardedformakingdecisionswhichcanmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.

16ManyphysiciansintheUSareself-employedprivatephysiciansARightBWrongCNotmentioned17NosalariedphysiciansteachinmedicalschoolsintheUS.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned18Ofallemployedphysicians,thosehiredbycorporationsarebestpaidARightBWrongCNotmentioned19BecomingaphysicianintheUScostsconsiderabletimeandmoney.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20PhysiciansintheUSarepoorlyrewardedfortheirworkARightBWrongCNotmentioned21AnyonewithamedicaldegreecansetupamedicalpracticeintheUSARightElWrongCNotmentioned22TherearemoremenphysiciansthanwomenphysiciansintheUSARightElWrongCNotmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完毕句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面旳短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题规定从所给旳6个选项中为第2～5段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题规定从所给旳6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。BreakingtheNewsaboutYourDiagnosis1WhenIwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancernearlyayearago，Ifoundmyselfatalossforwordsatfirst.Overtime，however，Idevelopedsomepointers（点子），whichIhopewillhelpothers.2Duringthefirstfewweeksofemotional"aftershocks"（余悸）fromthediagnosis，Ifoundmyselfunabletouttertheword"cancer".Still，IwantedtosharethenewswithmyrelativesandfriendswhoalreadyknewthatI'dhadabiopsy（活检）andwereanxiouslyawaitingmytelephonecall.IdidthebestIcould，whichisallanyonecandointhissituation.WhenIcalledthem，Isaid，"Whatwefearedhashappened."TheyimmediatelyknewwhatImeant.3Nearlyayearaftermydiagnosis,Ifindmyselfmorecomfortabletellingpeople"1wasdiagnosedwithcancer"insteadofsaying'"1havecancer."Onsomedeeplevel,Idon'twantto"own"thisillness.Chooselanguagethatsuitsyouwhenyoushareyournews.Andkeepinmindthatthereisnoone"right"wayofdoingthis.

4Mostpeople,afterhearingyourannouncement,willbecuriousaboutthenextstep.Theymaywonderifyouwillbeundergoingradiationtherapyand/orchemotherapy（化疗）。Theymaywonderwhereandwhenyouwillhavesurgery.Answertheirquestionsasbestyoucan，butkeepinmindthat"1don'tknowrightnow"or"I'mstillintoomuchshocktothinkaboutthat"aregoodanswers.5Waituntiltheinitialwaveofstrongemotionshaspassedbeforetellingthechildreninyourlife.Don'toverwhelm（使不知所措）veryyoungchildrenwithtoomuchinformation.Assurethemthat，evenifyouwillbeinthehospitalforawhile，theywillseeyoueverydayandtheywillbecaredfor.Olderchildrenmayalreadyfeartheword"cancer"，sobepreparedtoreassurethem.Emphasizethepositivestepsthatdoctorswillbetakingtotreatyourillness.23Paragraph2.24Paragraph3.25Paragraph4.26Paragraph5.ABreakthenewsascalmlyaspossibletochildrenBBreakthenewsatyourownpaceCSharethegoodnewswithyourfriendsDChooselanguagethatsuitsyouEFollowyourdoctor'sadviceFBepreparedforpeople'scuriosity27Youcanbreakthenewsaboutyourdiagnosiswithoutsaying（）。28Whenbreakingthenewsaboutyourdiagnosis，youcanhave（）。29Afterhearingaboutyourdiagnosis，peoplewillaskquestions（）。30Veryyoungchildrenwon'tfeelcomfortable（）。AyourownchoiceofwordsBtheword"cancer"CthepositivestepsDaboutthenextstepEontoomanyanswersFwithtoomuchinformation第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题定1个最佳选项。第一篇IstheTieaNecessity？Ties,orneckties,havebeenasymbolofpolitenessandeleganceinBritainforcenturies.ButthecasualPrimeMinisterTonyBlairhasproblemswiththem.Reportssuggestthateventhecivilservantsmaystopwearingties.So,arethefamouslyformalBritishreallygoingtoabandontheneckties?

Maybe.Lastweek,theUK'sCabinetSecretaryAndrewTurnbullopenlywelcomedatielessera.Hehintedthatcivilservantswouldsoonbetreeofthecostliest12inchesoffabricthatmostmeneverbuyintheirlives.Infact，Blairshowedthisattitudewhenhehadhisfirstgueststoacocktailparty.Manyofthemwerecelebrities（著名人士）withoutties，whichwouldhavebeenunimaginableevenintherecentpast.ForsomemoreconservativeBritish,thetieisamustforproperappearance.Earlier,LaborleaderJimCallaghansaidhewouldhavediedratherthanhavehischildrenseeninpublicwithoutatie.ForpeoplelikeCallaghan,thetilewasasignofbeingcomplete,ofshowingrespect.Menweresupposedtowearatiewhengoingtochurch,toworkintheoffice,toaparty-almosteverysocialoccasion.

Buttoday,peoplehavebeguntoacceptacasualstyleevenforformaloccasions.Theoriginofthetieistricky.Itstartedassomethingcalledsimplya"band".Thetermcouldmeananythingaroundaman'sneck.Itappearedinfinerwaysinthe1630s.Frenchmenshowedaloveofthisparticularfashionstatement.Theirneckwear（颈饰）impressedCharlesII，thekingofEnglandwhowasexiled（流放）toFranceatthattime.WhenhereturnedtoEnglandin1660，hebroughtthisnewfashionitemalongwithhim.Itwasn't,however,untilthelate18thcenturythatfancyyoungmenintroducedamorecolorful,flowingpieceofcloththateventuallybecameknownasthetie.Then,clubsmilitaryinstitutionsandschoolsbegantousecoloredandpatternedtiestoindicatethewearer'smembershipinthelate19thcentury.Afterthat,thetiebecameanecessaryitemofclothingforBritishgentlemen.

Butnow,evengentlemenaregettingtiredofties.Anyway,thedayfeelsabiteasierwhenyouwakeupwithouthavingtodecidewhichtiesuitsyouandyourmood.

31Thetiesymbolizesallofthefollowingexcept

Arespect

Belegance

Cpoliteness

Ddemocracy32WhydoesBlairsometimesshowupinaformaleventwithoutatie?

ABecausehewantstomakeashow,

BBecausehewantstoattractattention.

CBecausetiesarecostly.

DBecausehewantstoliveinacasualway.33WhichofthefollowingisNOTasocialoccasion?

AGoingtochurch.

BGoingtoworkintheoffice.

CStayingathome.

DGoingtoaparty.34WhobroughttheFrenchmen'sneckweartoBritain?

ATonyBlair.

BCharlesll.

CJimCallaghan.

DAndrewTurnbull.35WhendidBritishgentlemenbegintoweartiesregularly?

AAfterthelate19thcentury.

BInthe1630s.

CIn1660.

DInthelate18thcentury.第二篇Brain-deadMotherDiesafterGivingBirthAbrain-deadwomanwhowaskeptaliveforthreemonthssoshecoulddeliverthechildshewascarryingwasremovedfromlifesupportonWednesdayanddied,adayaftergivingbirth.

"Thisisobviouslyabittersweettimeforourfamily,"JustinTorres,thewoman'sbrother-in-law,saidinastatement.SusanTorres，acancer-stricken，26-year-oldresearcherattheNationalInstitutesofHealth，sufferedastrokeinMayafterthemelanoma（黑瘤）spreadtoherbrain.Herfamilydecidedtokeepheralivetogiveherfoetus（胎儿）achance.Itbecamearacebetweenthefoetus'developmentandthecancerthatwasdestroyingthewoman'sbody.DoctorssaidthatTorres'healthwasgettingworseandthattheriskofharmtothefoetusfinallyoutweighedthebenefitsofextendingthepregnancy.TorresgavebirthtoadaughterbyCaesareansection（剖腹产手术）onTuesdayatVirginiaHospitalCenter.Thebabywastwomonthsprematureandweighedaboutakilogram.Shewasinthenewbornintensivecareunit.DrDonnaTilden-Archer，thehospital'sdirectorofneonatology（新生儿学），describedthechildas"veryvigorous."Shesaidthebabyhadrespondedwhenshereceivedstimulation，indicatingshewashealthy.DoctorsremovedTorresfromlifesupportearlyWednesdaywiththeconsentofherhusband，JasonTortes，aftershereceivedthefinalsacrament（圣礼）oftheRomanCatholicChurch."WethankallofthosewhoprayedandprovidedsupportforSusan,thebabyandourfamily,"JasonTorressaidinastatement."WeespeciallythankGodforgivinguslittleSusan.Mywife'scouragewillneverbeforgotten."

English-languagemedicalliteraturecontainsatleast11casessince1979ofirreversiblybrain-damagedwomenwhoseliveswereprolongedforthebenefitofthedevelopingfoetus,accordingtotheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenter.

DrChristopherMcManus,whocoordinatedcare1"orSusanTorres,puttheinfant'schancesofdevelopingcanceratlessthan25percent.Hesaid19womenwhohavehadthesameaggressiveformofmelanomaasTorteshavegivenbirth,andfiveoftheirbabiesbecameillwiththedisease.

36SusanTorresdiedsoonafter

Ashesufferedastroke.

Bshebecamebrain-dead.

Cshewasdiagnosedwithcancer.

Dshegavebirthtoababy.37Thepregnancywasstoppedbecause

Athefoetuswasfoundseriouslyill.

Btherisksoutweighedthebenefits.

Ctherewasnohopetorescuethefoetus.

OtheTortesfamilycouldn'taffordtheexpensesanymore.38WhichisNOTtrueofthebaby?

AShewasbornofadeadmother.

BShewastwomonthspremature

CSheweighedaboutakilogram.

DShewashealthy.39SusanTorreshadbeenputonlifesupportso

Ashecouldlivecomfortably.

Bshecouldseeherbaby.

Cshecoulddiewithoutpain.

Dshecoulddeliverherbaby.40Thebaby'schancesofdevelopingcancerweresaidtobe

Aabout11percent

Baround19percent.

Clessthan25percent.

Dcloseto5percent.第三篇SmartExerciseDoctorsarestartingtofindmoreandmoreinformationthatsuggestsaconnectionbetweenexerciseandbraindevelopment.JudyCameron,ascientistatOregonHealthandScienceTheeffectsofexerciseonbraindevelopmentcanevenbeseeninbabies.Babieswhodoactivitiesthatrequirealotofmovementandphysicalactivityshowgreaterbraindevelopmentthanbabieswhoarelessphysicallyactive.Withbabies，evenalittlemovementcanshowbigresults.MargaretBarnes，apediatrician（儿科医师），believesintheimportanceofexercise.Shethinksthatmanylearningdisabilitiesthatchildrenhaveinelementaryschoolorhighschoolcanbetracedbacktoalackofmovementasbabies."Babiesneedmovementthatstimulatestheirfivesenses.Theyneedtoestablishaconnectionbetweenmotionandmemory.Inthisway，astheygetolder，childrenwillbegintoassociatephysicalactivitywithhigherlearning，"saysMargaret.Olderpeoplecanbeefuptheirbrainsaswell.Cornell第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）下面旳短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。HowDidSheConquertheAmericans?African-AmericantalkshowqueenOprahWinfreyistheworld'smostpowerfulcelebrity，accordingtoForbesmagazine.（46）Winfrey,51,draws30millionviewersweeklyintheUnitedStates.Hertalkshowreaches112countries.SheearnedUS$225millionoverthepast12monthstoranksecondincelebrityriches.TheannualForbeslistgivesmostweighttoannualearnings.（47）"After21years,herexcitingchatshowstillrulestheairwaves.Itcreatednewcelebritiesandhundredsofmillionsofdollarsinprofits,"themagazinesaid.

Winfreyismostpopularwithherpopulartalkshow"TheOprahWinfreyShow".Shecanalwaysattractthesuperstarsandletthemopenuptoherintimateinterviewingstyle.Lastmonth，AmericanactorTomCruise，42，surprisedfanswhenhecelebratedhisnewromancewith26-year-oldactressKatieHolmes.Fiejumpedupanddown，shouting"I'minlove."Onlyafewyearsago，Cruiseandhisex-wifeNicoleKidmanappearedseparatelyonthesameshowtellingthenewsoftheirdivorce."（48）Winfrey'sapproachappearstobesimple.Sheisinpursuitofself-improvementandself-empowerment（自强）。Thishasprovedtobejustwhatpeople，especiallywomen，want.Winfreyoftentalksaboutherpersonalsecretsonhershow.Thatpullsinviewers.Forexample,sherevealedthatshehadbeensexuallyabusedasachild,andhasspokenfreelyofherstrugglewithherweight.WinfreywasborntoapoorfamilyinMississippiin1954.（49）Atthewomantoageof19，shebecametheyoungestpersonandthefirstAfrican-Americananchor（主持）anewsprogramme.Hersuccesshasnotjustbeenonthescreen.Hermediagroupincludesawomen'sTVnetworkandwebsitesforwomen.Winfrey'sworkhasextendedtosocialchange.（50）ShetestifiedbeforetheUSSenatetoestablishanationaldatabaseofdangerouschildabusers.PresidentBillClintonlatersigned"OprahBill"intolaw.AButitalsolooksatthecelebrity'spresenceontheInternetandinthemedia.BIn1991，shedidalotofworkfortheNationalChildProtectionActCShewasnotaverysuccessfulwoman.DShebeganbroadcastingwhilestillathighschool.EItplacedWinfreyatthetopofitsannualrankingofthe100peoplelastweekFThecouplehadbeentight-lippedabouttheirbreak-up.第6部分：完形填空（第51～65题，每题1分，共15分）下面旳短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。StudyConfirmsRedMeatLinkwithBowed（结肠）CancerPeoplewhoeatmorethan160gramsofredorprocessedmeatadayare35percentmorelikelytodevelopbowelcancerthanthosewhoearless（51）20gramsaday，accordingtooneofthebiggestnutritioninvestigationsevercarriedout.TheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationintoCancerandNutritionfollowed478，040menandwomen（52）35to70from10Europeancountries.Allsubjectswerefreeofcanceratenrollmentbetween1992and1998，but（53）anaveragefollow-upofalmost5years1，329bowelcancershadbeenreported.Thesubsequentanalysis，publishedintheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstitute，confirmsthelong-heldsuspicion（54）highintakes（纳入量）ofredmeatareassociatedwithincreasedbowel（55）risk.Aftertakingintoconsiderationfactorslikeage,sex,height,weight,energyintakephysicalactivity,smoking,andalcoholconsumption,theinvestigatorsfoundthatbowelcancerwas(56)withintakeofredandprocessedmeatbutnotchicken.Riskofbowelcancerdroppedwithincreasingin