一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时

实用标准教学内容知识点一：一般现在时【知识梳理】一般现在时的基本结构和变化1.一般现在时的结构①be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+ 其它。e.g.Iamaboy. 我是一个男孩。②行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，则在动词原形后加"-s"或"-es"e.g.Hegetsupearlyinthemorning.2.否定句和疑问句的变化①be动词的变化：A.否定句：主语 +be+not+ 其它。 Heisnotaworker. 他不是工人。B.一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。 ---Areyouastudent?---Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.C.特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句。 Whereismybike?②行为动词的变化：A.否定句：主语 +don't(doesn't)+ 动词原形(+其它)。Idon'tlikebread. /Hedoesn'tlikebread.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。---Doyouoftenplayfootball? ---Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.Doesshegotoworkbybike?---Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.C.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。Howdoesyourfathergotowork?（注意回顾动词第三人称单数形式变化规则）一般情况下在词尾加 shelp→helps,clean →cleans,play →plays,wear →wears,give →gives; 以s,x,ch,sh 结尾的动词在词尾加 esdress→dresses,fix →fixes,watch →watches,finish →finishes; 以“辅音字母加 y”结尾的动词，把 y变为i，再study→studies,carry →carries,fly →flies ）(2)一般现在时的用法1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作或行为。常与 always,sometimes,often,usually,never 等副词连用。e.g.IgotoschooleverydayexceptSaturdaysandSundays.Mymotheroftengetsupat6o’clock.2.表示现在的状态，能力，性格，个性。 e.g.Myfatherteachesmaths.LinYandanceswell.表示普遍真理或客观事实。e.g.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Thesunrisesintheeast.【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。如：Ourphysicsteachersaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound. 我们的物理老师说光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快得多，在时间、条件、比较等状语从句中， 用现在时表示将来的动作，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时。如：Iwille-mailyouassoonasIgettoBeijing. 我一到北京就给你发邮件。Ifyoucomethisafternoon,wewillhaveameeting. 如果你今天下午能来，我们就开会。文案大全实用标准【例题精讲】例1.——Whoisthatlady?——She’sMissGreen.She____usmusic,andsheissogood.A.taught B.teaches C.willteach D.isteaching例2.——IthinkI’lltakeabustothemeeting.——Thebus?Ifyou____,youwillbelate.A.do B.havedone C.willdo例3.Unlesstheweather____,wewillhavetocancelthepicnic.A.improve B.improves C.improved D.willimprove例4.Wedon’tknowifourfriend____.Ifhe____,we ’llletyouknow.A.comes;comes B.comes;willcome C.willcome;comes例5.Ourgeographyteachertoldusthattheearth____thesun.A.wentaround B.goesaround C.isgoingaround D.wasgoingaround【课堂练习】1.Look!Adog____ablindmanacrosstheroad.A.leadsB.leadC.isleadingD.led2.Theyusually____TVintheevening.A.watchB.willwatchC.arewatchingD.watches3.Hehardly____upearly．A.getsB.getC.doesn’tgetD.don’tget4.John____football.A.likesplayingB.likesplayC.likeplay5.Frankusually____intouchwithhisprimaryschoolteachersbyemail.A.keepB.keepsC.keptD.willkeep文案大全实用标准知识点二：一般过去时【知识梳理】一般过去时的基本结构和变化定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。结构：“主语+动词的过去式”句型转化：①be动词的过去时的句型如下：A. 否定句： 主语+be 动词的过去式（ was,were）+not⋯疑问句：be动词的过去式（was,were）+主语⋯？a.Hewasbusyyesterday.(肯定句)他昨天很忙。b.Hewasnotbusyyesterday.(否定句)他昨天不忙。c.Washebusyyesterday?(疑问句)他昨天忙吗？d.Thereweren’tanyboysintheroom.房间里没有男孩儿。e.g.Thereweren ’tanyboysintheroom. 房间里没有男孩儿。Werethereanyboysintheroom? 房间里有男孩儿吗？②行为动词的否定式和疑问式：A. 否定式：行为动词前加上 didnot 或缩略式 didn’t, 并把这个行为动词改为动词原形。a.IcalledLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.→Ididnot/didn ’tcallLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.b.IborrowedabookfromSunYanglastSunday.B. 一般疑问式：若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式 , 那就得在句首加上一个助动词 did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形 , 并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用 did。a.Westayedtherefor10dayslastmonth.→Didyoustaytherefor10dayslastmonth? Yes,wedid./No,wedidn ’t.b.Maryhadadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening.→DidMaryhaveadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening? Yes,shedid./No,wedidn’t.(2)规则动词的变化一般情况下，直接在动词词watch→watched尾加-ed。plant→planted过去式（规则变化）以不发音字母e结尾的动词like→liked在词尾加-d。move→moved以“辅音字母+y”结尾的study→studied文案大全实用标准动词，先变y为i，再在词carry→carried尾加-ed。重读闭音节动词且词尾只有stop→stopped一个辅音字母，先双写词尾shop→shopped的辅音字母，再在词尾加 -ed。am/is →wasare →过去式(be动词)were（不规则变化）do→did不规则动词的过去式和过去分词第一组AAA1.cost—cost—cost2.cut—cut—cut3.hit—hit—hit4.let—let—let5.put—put—put6.set—set—set7.read—read—read第二组ABC1.break—broke—broken2.choose—chose—chosen3.speak—spoke—spoken4.steal—stole—stolen5.wake—woke—woken6.forget—forgot—forgotten7.take—took—taken8.give—gave—given9.hide—hid—hidden10.drive—drove—driven11.write—wrote—written12.rise—rose—risen13.ride—rode—ridden14.eat—ate—eaten第三组ABC1.know—knew—known2.grow—grew—grown3.throw—threw—thrown4.fly—flew—flown5.show—showed—shown第四组ABB1.build—built—built2.burn—burnt—burnt3.mean—meant—meant4.lend—lent—lent5.send—sent—sent6.spend—spent—spent第五组ABB1.keep—kept—kept2.sweep—swept—swept3.sleep—slept—slept4.leave—left—left5.feel—felt—felt6.smell—smelt—smelt7.lose—lost—lost8.learn—learnt—learnt(learned—learned)9.get—got—got10.do—did—done11.go—went—gone第六组ABB1.make—made—made2.hear—heard—heard3.have—had—had4.bring—brought—brought5.find—found—found6.buy—bought—bought7.think—thought—thought8.teach—taught—taught第七组ABB1.dig—dug—dug2.lead—led—led3.hold—held—held4.meet—met—met5.say—said—said6.pay—paid—paid7.win—won—won8.sell—sold—sold9.tell—told—told10.stand—stood—stood11.understand—understood—understood12.sit—sat—sat13.wear—wore—worn第八组ABC1.begin—began—begun2.swim—swam—swum3.sing—sang—sung4.ring—rang—rung5.drink—drank—e—came—come7.become—became—become8.see—saw—seen9.run—ran—run11.lie—lay—lain—lying（躺）12.lie—lied—lied—lying（说慌）13.lay—laid—laid(放)文案大全实用标准一般过去时的用法①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时间状语连用，如： yesterday,lastweek(month,year...),ago,justnow,attheageof ⋯,in1980 等连用。如：Attheageoften,shebegantolearntoplaythepiano.十岁的时候，她开始学弹钢琴。②表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.当我是个孩子的时候，我经常在街上踢足球。【例题精讲】例1.——Wheredidyougolastweekend?——I____totheGreatWall.A.go B.went C.willgo D.havegone例2.LastweekVivian____adressforhermotherwithherfirst-monthsalary.A.buy B.bought C.willbuy D.wouldbuy例3.Ohno!I____mybookinthelab.A.leave B.left C.willleave D.wasleaving例4.——Yourcoatfitsyouwell.——Thankyou.I____itwhenIwasonvacation.A.havebought B.buy C.bought例5.Myhusbandalways_____meflowerseveryweekbeforewegotmarried,butnowhenever____.A.sent;does B.sends;does C.wasgoingtosend;do D.sent;do【课堂练习】1. ——DidBillyandAnnafindawayoutatlast?——Yes,they____aplananddidit.A.wereworkingout B.workedout C.areworkingout D.haveworkedout2.Yesterdaytheteachertoldustheearth____thesun.文案大全实用标准A.goesaround B.wentaround C.isgoingaround D.wouldgoaround——Lucyhas____toLondon.HowcanIgetintouchwithher?——Don’tworry.Shewillphoneyouassoonasshe____there.A.been;willget B.been;gets C.gone;willget D.gone;gets——Oh,no!Ican’tfindmymobilephone!——Well,where____youlastputit.A.have B.do C.did——HaveyoueverclimbedMountTai,Carol?——Yes,I____inTaianforaweeklastyearandreachedthetopofittwice.A.hadstayed B.stay C.stayed D.havestayed知识点三一般将来时【知识梳理】一般将来时的结构①will+ 动词原形，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：e.g.Iwillmeetyouattheschoolgatetomorrow. 明天早上我将在校门口见你。②begoingto+ 动词原形 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，主语一般是人。如：e.g.Iamgoingtobe15nextweek. 下周我就 15岁了。③will 和begoingto 的区别begoingto 与will 两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别：A.begoingto 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情， will 表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：e.g.Heisgoingtowritealettertonight.Hewillwriteabookoneday.B.begoingto 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情， will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。e.g.Heisseriouslyill.Heisgoingtodie.C.begoingto 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，如：e.g.Sheisgoingtohaveatrip.Hewillbehereinhalfanhour.④在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 begoingto, 而多用will, 如：e.g.Ifanybeastscomeatyou,I'llstaywithyouandhelpyou.用法文案大全实用标准①表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语如： tomorrow,soon,nextday(week,month,year...),inafewminutes,thedayaftertomorrow 等连用。如：e.g.IwillpayavisittoShanghainextweek. 下周我将要去上海旅行。②当主句为一般将来时，在以 after,when,while,assoonas,if,unless 等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来。如：e.g.Iwilldoitbetteriftheteachergivesmeanotherchance.如果老师再给我次机会，我会做得更好的。【例题精讲】例1.Don’taway.Bill____youlookafteryourdogwhenyouareawayonbusiness.A.helps B.willhelp C.helping D.helped例2.Justgodownthisroadandyou____thelibrarynexttothebank.A.see B.saw C.haveseen D.willsee例3.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,robotcooks____inourfamiliesinthefuture.A.appear B.appeared C.willappear D.wereappearing例4.Manyscientistsbelievethatrobots____abletotalklikehumansin50years.A.were B.are C.willbe D.havebeen例5.——Haveyoureturnedthebooktothelibraryyet?——Notyet.Don’tworry.I____itsoon.A.return B.returned C.havereturned D.willreturn【课堂练习】1.Mymindwasn’tonwhathewassayingsoI’mafraidI____halfofit.A.missedB.wasmissingC.willmissD.wouldmiss2.WearegladtohearthattheGreens_________toanewflatnextweek.A.moveB.movedC.willmoveD.havemoved3.Ericwon’tstarttheexperimentuntilhisteacher_________himhowtodoit.A.willshowB.showC.showsD.showed4.Ifyoucometotheparty,youagoodtime.文案大全实用标准A.wouldhave B.have C.willhave D.tohaveLet’senjoythedayswithourclassmates.We_________ourjuniorhighschoolintwomonths.A.willfinish B.arefinishing C.havefinished D.hadfinished课后作业1. ---IsJimintheoffice?---No,he tothedininghall.A.goes B.wouldgo C.hasgone D.hadgone---Icalledyouthismorning,butnobodyansweredit.---Oh,wesomerunninginthepark.A.aredoingB.weredoingC.havedoneD.did3.Hersonthearmyfortwomonths.Shemisseshimverymuch.A.hasjoinedB.hasbeeninC.joinedD.wasin4.ThereportersaidthattheUFOeasttowestwhenhesawit.文案大全实用标准A.travelsB.traveledC.wastravelingD.hastraveled5.I'mwaitingformysister.Iwon'tgotoseemyuncleuntil.A.shecomesB.shewillcomeC.shedoesn'tcome---DoyouknowtheEnglishman?---Yes.Ihimfortwoyears.A.gettoknowB.haveknownC.knewD.gottoknow7.Imyhomework;IguessIcan'tjoinyou.A.don'tfinishB.didn'tfinishC.haven'tfinishedD.won'tfinish8.Travelingtospaceisnolongerjustadream.Russiathefirsthotelinspaceinthenearfuture.A.buildsB.willbuildC.builtD.hasbuilt9.Wehavebeenfriends.A.lastyearB.oneyearagoC.sincewemetlastyearD.whenwemetlastyear---DoyouknowifCindywilldrivetoItalythisweekend?---Cindy?Never!She driving.A.hashated B.hated C.willhate D.hates---Icalledyouseveraltimesthismorning,butyoudidn'tanswer.---Sorry.Itennisthewholemorning.A.playedB.isplayingC.wouldplayD.wasplaying12.Iamistake.Pleasedon'tbeangrywithme.A.makeB.madeC.willmakeD.hadmade---Itelephonedyouyesterdayafternoonbutnobodyanswered.---Oh,I afilmatthattime.文案大全实用标准A.see B.saw C.isseeing D.wasseeing---IsthisyourfirsttimetoXinjiang?---No,Ihereseveraltimes.A.havegoneB.haven'tgoneC.havebeenD.haven'tbeen15.---We'llgoforapicnicifitthisSunday.---Wishyoualovelyweekend.A.rainB.doesn'trainC.won'train16.HeLuzhouforthreemonths.A.hasleftB.hascometoC.hasgonetoD.hasbeenawayfrom17.Imyhometownforalongtime.Ireallymissit!A.leftB.wentawayfromC.haveleftD.havebeenawayfrom18.Ifyoucometotheparty,youagoodtime.A.wouldhaveB.haveC.willhaveD.tohave19.Mr.Browninthisfactorysincehewastwenty-fouryearsold.A.worksB.workedC.willworkD.hasworked20.---Shush,bequiet!Thebabyinthenextroom.---Oh,sorry.A.sleepsB.sleptC.issleepingD.wassleeping21.Hefortenyears.A.hasbeenmarriedB.marriedC.gotmarriedD.hasmarried---Didyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoorjustnow?---No,sir.I music.文案大全实用标准A.waslisteningto B.listenedto C.amlisteningto D.wouldlistento23. ---Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?---I onthegrassanddrawingapicture.A.A.sit B.sat C.amsitting D.wassitting---Howwasyourtriptotheancientvillage?---Fantastic!We toanaturalmuseumofstrangestones.A.go B.went C.aregoing D.willgo---IhearMr.ZhanghasgonetoBeijingforameeting.---Really?Doyouknowwhenhe ?A.leaves B.wasleaving C.hasleftD.left---Lisa,Icalledyoujustnow.Wherewereyou?---Sorry,I ashower.A.take B.amtaking C.wastaking27. She thebook twodaysago.A.hasborrowed;since B.haskept;sinceC.kept;for---Wherewereyouat7:00lastnight?---I tomymomathome.A.write B.wrote C.amwritingD.waswriting---Ican'tfindTedforthreedays.Whereishe?---He Beijingforameeting.A.hasbeento B.hasgoneto C.havebeento文案大全实用标准D.havegoneto30. They Englandandtheywillbebacknextweek.A.havegoneto B.havebeento C.havegonein D.hasbeenon——____you____toNanhuParkaweekago?——Yes.Wehadagoodtimethere.A.Do;go B.Did;go C.Did;went32.I____thebookclublastweekandI____twobooksalready.A.join;read B.joined;read C.joined;haveread D.join;hasread——Summerholidayiscoming.Whatareyougoingtodo?——I’mnotsure.