U1高一必修一词汇

Unit1Friendship晨读狂背写作模板类型：如何提建议。典例：给交友有困难的同学提建议。模板：I’msorryyouarehavingtroubleinmakingfriends.However,thesituationiseasytochangeifyoutakemyadvice.[引出建议]Herearesometipstohelpyou.［列举建议］First,whynotgoandtalktopeoplestandingontheirown?Iagreethisisdifficultbutthatpersonmaybelonelytoo.Ifyoudothis,Iamsureyouwillsoonhaveanewfriend.Second，youcanbegintheconversationbyaskingabouttheirlikesanddislikes,(理由)whichwillmakeyoufindpeoplewiththesameinterests.Finally，youshouldtrytojoininadiscussion,(理由)lettingpeopleknowhowfriendlyyouare.Ihopeyoufindtheseideasuseful.⑴引导建议可以用：

①Herearemysuggestionsonhowto...②Suggestionson...canbelistedasfollows.③Thewaysforyouto...canbesuggestedasfollows.名师指津⑵列举建议可以用：①firstofall/first/tobeginwith；Second(ly)/then/besides/inaddition/What’smore；finally/lastly/lastbutnotleast②foronething...andforanother(thing)⑶在列举的建议后常常会用起补充说明作用的分词短语、定语从句等说明提出此建议理由或原因。词汇过关1._________vt.不理睬;忽视2._________adj.不安的vt.使不安3._________v.(使)平静adj.平静的4._________vi.打雷n.雷,雷声thunderignoreupsetcalm一、单词拼写

5.___________n.提示;技巧vt.倾斜6.___________vt.交换7.___________n.项目;条款8.___________n.窗帘;幕布9.___________n.伙伴,合作者10.___________adj.松的tipswapitemcurtainpartnerloose11.__________adj.感激的12.__________adv.在户外13.__________n.公路;大路14.__________n.手提箱;衣箱15.__________n.大衣;外套gratefuloutdoorshighwaysuitcaseovercoat__________n.力量;权力__________adj.强有力的

(A)单词派生powerpowerful二、单词拓展

点拨：某些名词加后缀-ful变为形容词。又如:care/careful,hope/hopeful,use/useful另外，表示“容量”的名词后面加上后缀-ful构成一个新的名词，表示满满的量。如:mouthful一口，满口;bagful满袋;basketful一满篮;carful一车之量;cupful一杯之量，满杯。

_____n.灰土

dustdustyadj.积满灰土的点拨：某些名词加后缀-y构成形容词，表示“多……的”“似……的”，这类名词大多与气候有关。如:cloud/cloudy;rain/rainy;wind/windy;snow/snowy;storm/stormy;sun/sunny;fog/foggy;sand/sandy;hill/hilly(多山的，陡的);smoke/smoky(多烟的);water/watery(多水的);ice/icy(似冰的,多冰的);blood/bloody(血的，流血的);silk/silky(丝一样的);wool/woolly(羊毛制的,似羊毛的);sleep/sleepy(想睡的);word/wordy(多言的)GermanyGermann.德国_______adj.德国的n.德国人_________v.(使)定居;解决

settlesettlern.移民;殖民者v.遭受;忍受;经历

suffersufferersufferingn.患病者,受苦者n.痛苦,折磨点拨：某些动词后加-er，表示“……的人”。如:teacher老师;driver司机;farmer农民；worker工人;singer歌唱家，歌手;prisoner囚犯;trainer驯兽师，教练员;designer设计者;performer表演者;speaker讲演者;listener收听者,听众;reader读者;winner胜利者,优胜者;seller卖方;waiter侍者,服务员;supporter支持者，援助者;runner跑步者;swimmer游泳者；注意：①cooker不是“厨师”，而是“炊具”，“厨师”是cook；②下列单词后加or：visitor访问者，游客，来宾actor男演员inventor发明者。murderer凶手；learner学习者；cleaner清洁工人，清洁剂；gardener园丁，花匠；banker银行家；Londoner伦敦人；villager村民。_________v.痊愈;恢复;重新获得recoverrecovery_________n.恢复;重新获得点拨：在某些形容词、动词后加-y构成抽象名词。如，discovery发现；inquiry询问；injury伤害；difficulty困难。_________adj.完全的,整个的

entire_________adv.完全地,全然entirely_________adv.确切地,恰恰_________adj.准确的;精确的exactlyexact点拨：某些形容词后直接加-ly变成副词，又如:quick/quickly；polite/politely；wide/widely。但若以y结尾的，先将y改成i再加ly，如happy/happily。若以ble结尾的，把e变y，如possible/possibly；但true/truly等。但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly等。________vi.同意________vi.不同意disagreeagree_________n.&vt.不喜欢_________n.&vt.喜欢dislikelike点拨：某前缀dis-表示否定意义。如:disorder骚乱，失调；discover发现；disarm解除武装，裁军；disable使丧失能力；disadvantage不利条件；disappear从视线中消失；discourage使失去勇气，使泄气。(B)灵活运用1.Beingpoliteisthefirstandmostimportantsteptodevelopgoodrelationshipamongfriends.Politewordscanbeeasyyetvery________(power)inourdailylife.解析：与形容词easy一起作be的并列表语，因此，填形容词形式。powerful2.Recentlywehavehadadiscussionaboutwhetherparentsshouldaccompanytheirchildrenintheirstudy.Nearly70%ofus________(agree)sinceitmakesusfallintothehabitofdependence，sothatwewon’tformthegoodhabitofstudying.解析：缺谓语，依然填动词；又由后面“(陪读)会使我们形成依赖的习惯，不会养成良好的学习习惯”可知，这将近70%的人是“不同意”父母陪读的。disagree3.Itismiserabletoseethosepatients_________frompovertyanddiseaseandweallwanttodosomethingtoreleasethese_________fromtheir________（suffer）.解析:第一空是现在分词作宾补(seesb.doing)；第二空是名词，指“受难者”，作release的宾语；第三空是名词“痛苦”，作介词from的宾语。sufferingsuffererssuffering4.Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtainshangingbeforevery______(dust)windows.解析:在名词前作定语，用形容词形式。dusty5.Accordingtothesurvey，80%ofthestudentswerequitesatisfiedwithit，while15%________(like)itand5%hadnoopinion.解析:有主语和宾语，应缺谓语，应填动词;由表示转折或对比关系的while(而)可知，此动词的意思与“werequitesatisfiedwith(非常满意)”相反，应为“不喜欢(dislike)”；又由前面的were和后面的had可知，用一般过去式。disliked1.____________合计2.____________(使)平静;(使)镇定3.____________遭受;患病4.____________参加(活动)5.____________经历;经受三、短语翻译addupcalmdownsufferfromjoiningothrough6._____________将某物装箱打包7.____________________关心;挂念8._____________对……十分狂热/痴迷9.___________对……厌烦10.____________与……相处;进展packsth.upbeconcernedaboutbecrazyaboutgettiredofgetalongwith11.______________(与……)相爱;爱上12.___________________与……无关13.__________故意14.__________在黄昏时刻15.__________一连串;一系列fallinlove(with)benothingtodowithonpurposeatduskaseriesof16.____________面对面地17._______________碰巧做某事18.______________________不再……19.____________记下;放下;登记20.____________为了……inordertofacetofacehappentodosth.nolonger/notanylongersetdown李老师是一个工作狂。2.她对我们学生非常关心。3.我们跟她相处非常融洽。四、短语运用Wegetalongverywellwithher.MissLi，iscrazyaboutherwork.Sheisveryconcernedaboutusstudents.4.我英语不好，曾有一次课堂上看与学习无关的书。5.她碰巧发现此事。6.她找我面对面地谈心。IwasnotgoodatEnglish.Ioncereadabookthatwasnothingtodowithmystudy.Shetalkedtomefacetoface.Shehappenedtodiscoverit.7.为了让我喜欢上英语，她不厌其烦地告诉我如何学好英语。8.她鼓励我用英语写日记，记下所见所闻。9.我不再害怕英语。InordertomakemefallinlovewithEnglish,shenevergottiredoftellingmehowtolearnEnglishwell.I’mnotafraidofEnglishanylonger.SheencouragedmetokeepadiaryinEnglishtosetdownwhatIsawandwhatIheard.合并：

MissLi，withwhomwegetalongverywell,iscrazyaboutherworkandisveryconcernedaboutusstudents.OnceIreadabookthathasnothingtodowithmystudyinclass,whichshehappenedtofind.Afterclassshetalkedtomefacetoface，andshedidn’tgettiredoftellingmehowtolearnEnglishwellinordertomakemefallinlovewithEnglish.ShealsoencouragedmetokeepadiaryinEnglishtosetdownwhatIsawandwhatIthought.Withthehelpofher,IhavemadegreatprogressinEnglish,soIamnotafraidofitanylonger.

1.Yourfriendcomestoschoolvery

upset.你的朋友来上学，心情非常不好。(BIP1)句中upset是形容词作补语,表示主语的状态，意为“心烦的,不高兴的(unhappy，sad,worried)”。现将其主要用法归纳如下：

五、词汇用法upsetsb.使某人生气/心烦upsetsth.弄翻某物beupsetwithsb.对某人生气beupsetaboutsth.为某事感到心烦说明：upset的过去式和过去分词与原形相同；upset为表语形容词。运用用适当的词填空或根据中文提示完成句子。⑴He____________(将杯子弄翻了)andthecoffeewentalloverthefloor.⑵Hischeatingintheexam__________(使他的老师生气).upsetthecupupsethisteacher⑶IfIcatchyoudoingthatagain,I’llbeveryupset_____you.⑷Hedidn’tfinishtheworkontime，andhewasveryupset______it.about

with2.Youwillignorethebellandgosomewheretocalmyourfrienddown.你会无视铃声，然后去一个安静的地方使你朋友冷静下来。(BIP1)⑴句中ignore是及物动词，意为“忽视，不顾，不理睬”。⑵句中calm是及物动词，意为“使平静，镇静”；此外，还可作形容词，表示“冷静的，平静的”。常用搭配有：calmdown平静下来，镇静下来calm...down使平静/镇静下来keep/staycalm保持冷静运用根据中文提示完成下列句子。⑴Isaidhellotoher,butshe__________(不理睬我)completely!⑵Youcan’t_____________(忽视这个事实)thatChinaisstilladevelopingcountry.⑶Please__________(冷静下来)andletmeknowwhathashappened.ignoredmeignorethefactcalmdown⑷Thedoctorhasgivenhersomepills_________________(使她镇静下来).⑸Itriedto_____________(保持冷静).Iknewthatworryingwouldn’thelpmefindasolution.stay/keepcalm

tocalmherdown3.Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou，orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouaregoingthrough.或者你害怕你的朋友嘲笑你，或者害怕你朋友不明白你正在经历什么？(B1P2)gothrough经历(困难，痛苦);检查getthrough通过;接通电话运用根据中文提示完成下列句子。⑴Onecanbestrong,braveandfaithfulafterallthesehardshipshe_______________(经所经历的).⑵Hewould___________________________________(为祖国赴汤蹈火).gothroughfireandwaterforhiscountryhasgonethrough4.Forexample,oneeveningwhenitwassowarm,Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.例如，有天傍晚，天气很暖和，为了独自好好看看月亮，我故意熬夜到十一点半。(B1P2)⑴含purpose的短语：⑵表目的几个句式：onpurpose故意with/forthepurposeof为了……的目的inorderto(do)为了(可位于句首)inorderthat(＋从句)为了(可位于句首)soasto(do)为了(不能位于句首)sothat(＋从句)为了，结果(不能位于句首)运用根据中文提示完成下列句子。⑴Sheseemstodothesethings_______(故意).⑵___________________(为了……的目的)improvingmyself,I’llaskmyclassmatesforsomeadvicewhichmaybeofgreatvaluetome.onpurposeWith/forthepurposeof⑶__________________________(为了)achievehisgoal，hestartedtoworkveryhard.⑷Hestartedtoworkveryhard____________________________________________(为了)achievehisgoalinorderto/soasto/inorderthathecould/sothathecould

Inorderthathecould/Inorderto5.I’vegottiredoflookingatnaturethroughdirtycurtainsanddustywindows,”Annesaidtoherfather.安妮对爸爸说:“我已经厌烦了透过脏窗帘和沾满灰尘的窗子观看大自然了。”(B1P5)be/gettiredof对……厌烦betiredfrom因……累了/疲劳befedupwith对……感到厌烦beboredwith对……极其厌倦

运用用适当的词填空。⑴ThoughJackisoftentired____hisjob,heisnevertired____it.Infact,heenjoysit.⑵Theteacherisnotgoodatteaching.Nowonderthechildrengrowbored_____hislesson.with

fromof6.…tojoinindiscussionsandshowinterestinotherpeople’sideas.……去参加讨论并对别人的观点感兴趣。(BIP7)joinin参加(某项活动)joinsb.(insth./doingsth.)和某人一起做某事jointhearmy/theparty入伍参军/入党attendthemeeting参加会议attendthelecture听演讲报告运用根据中文提示完成下列句子。⑴Alltheseniorstudentsarewelcometo______________________________(参加)thecontest.Thefirstfivewinnerswillbegivenprizes.⑵Andwhat’smore，sheisgoingto_____(和我们一起)inaninformaldiscussiontomorrowevening.joinusjoinin/takepartin/participatedin1.Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky，thesongofthebirds，moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌唱，月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。(B1P2)句型积累一、美句诵写句型：Therewasatimewhen...曾经有段时间……仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。⑴曾经有段时间弟弟非常厌倦学习。___________________myyoungerbrother___________________.⑵我曾一度对一些琐事感到很烦恼。________________________________somesmallthings.TherewasatimewhenIwasupsetaboutTherewasatimewhenwasverytiredofstudy2.Ihappenedtobeupstairsatduskwhenthewindowwasopen.黄昏时刻我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。(BIP2)句型：happentodo...when...当……的时候……碰巧……说明：表示“碰巧做某事”也可用Ithappens/happenedthat...句型。仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。⑴当我给他打电话的时候，碰巧他父母都出去了。_______________hisparentswereout___________________.⑵一天正在参观颐和园时碰巧遇上了李平。OnedayI________________LiPingwhenIwasvisitingtheSummerPalace.happenedtomeetIthappenedthatwhenIcalledhim3.Ididn’tgodownstairsuntilthewindowhadtobeshut.直到不得不关窗时，我才下楼。(BIP2)句型:not...until直到……才……说明:

1.倒装式：notuntil放在句首，主句要半倒装;2.强调式：Itisnotuntil...that...。仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。⑴直到他回来，妈妈才去睡觉。Hismother______________untilhegotback.⑵直到那时,我才真正意识到朋友的重要性。_______________Ireallyrealizethevalueoffriends.Notuntilthendid

didn’tgotobed4.ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。(BIP2)句型：itisthefirsttimethat...have/hasdone这是某人第一次做某事说明：⑴其中的it可用this或that替代；⑵first可改为second，third...等；⑶当is改为was时，从句中的have改为had。

比较：Itistimethatsb.didsth.是某人该做某事的时候了(=Itistimeforsb.todosth.)。仿写:完成句子或用所给词的适当形式填空。⑴这是我第一次来到这里。______________________________________⑵这个短语已经第三次出现在我们的练习中,所以老师要求我们一定要掌握。Itisthethirdtimethatthephrase__________(appear)inourexercises,soourteacherasksustomasterit.hasappeared

ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadbeenhere.5.AlthoughItrytotalktomyclassmates，Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswiththem.虽然我努力去跟我的同学交谈，但我依然觉得跟他们成为好朋友是很困难的。(BIP7)句型：findithard/difficult/easy/interesting/possibletodosth.觉得做某事是困难的/容易的/有趣的/可能的仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。⑴我觉得很容易与他相处。Ifind__________________________.iteasytogetalongwithhim⑵她觉得很难在某个藏身之处定居并安定下来，因为她担心他们是否会被发现。She______________tosettleand_______inthehidingplace，becauseshewasconcerned______whethertheywouldbediscovered.about

founditdifficultcalmdown1.Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都如此狂热。(BIP2)二、难句分析结构分析:Iwonder是主句的主语和谓语，if引导一个______从句;在这个_____从句中it’s...that...是强调结构,被强调的成分是because引导的原因状语从句。宾语

宾语顺便说说：⑴since和as引导的原因状语从句，是不能用于itis...that强调结构中的。⑵growcrazyabout变得对……无比狂热⑶everythingtodowith与……有关的一切注：书中无2.It’snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。结构分析：It’snopleasure...是主句，because引导一个原因状语从句，在这个原因状语从句中that引导的是_______从句。

定语

顺便提提：It’sapleasuredoing/todosth.做某事是一件快乐的事。It’snopleasuredoingsth.做某事不是快乐的事。注：书中无三、语篇运用用上述句式完成下列短文。我曾一度对一些锁事感到很烦恼。我收拾好东西去了北京。这是我第一次来到这里。一天正在参观颐和园时碰巧遇上了李平。我觉得跟他很容易相处。同他在一起聊天是件快乐的事。我们很快成了好朋友。正是因为有了这样一个朋友，我才不再烦恼也不再感到孤独。直到现在，我才真正意识到朋友的重要性。注：书中无TherewasatimewhenIwasupsetaboutsomesmallthings.IpackedupmythingsandwenttoBeijing.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadbeenthere.OnedayIhappenedtomeetLiPingwhenIwasvisitingtheSummerPalace.Ifounditeasytogetalongwithhim.Itwasapleasuretobetogetherwithhim，chatting.Soonwebecamegoodfriends.ItwasbecauseIhadsuchafriendthatIwasn’tupsetanddidn’tfeellonelyanylonger.NotuntilthendidIreallyrealizethevalueoffriends.IwonderifitisbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolong1_____Ihavegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodo2_____nature.Icanwellrememberthattherewasatime3______adeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.That’schangedsinceIwasthere.课文回顾一、课文填空that

with

when

Forexample,oneeveningwhen4___wassowarm,Istayedawakeonpurpose5_____halfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonby6_______.Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididn’tdareopenawindow.Anothertimefivemonthsago,Ihappenedtobeupstairsuntilthewindowhadtobeshut.

it

until

myself

Thedark,7_____(rain)evening,thewind,thethunderingcloudsheldmeentirely8___theirpower;itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI9__________(see)thenightfacetoface...Sadly...Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtains10_______(hang)beforeverydustywindows.rainy

in

hadseen

hanging

指导:写概要，首先要明确文章的主题，明确文章主题的关键是准确寻找主题句。⑴本文以两个疑问句开头，随后的回答便是主题句。因此，本文的主题句是第一段最后一句:AnneFrankwantedthefirstkind,soshemadeherdiaryherbestfriend.(安妮想要一个可以倾诉一切的朋友,她把日记作为她最好的朋友)接着分析原因:为什么Anne把diary当作最好的朋友？(Jewish，hideaway，notruefriend)二、课文概括注：书中无⑵所选这篇安妮日记的主题是什么？最能体现本日记主题的是第一段第1句(I’vegrownsocrazyabout...nature)和最后一段的最后一句(natureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced)。也就是，表达了对大自然的渴望。注：书中无参考范文Anne’sfamily，Jewry，wasforcedtohideawaytoescapefromtheGermanNazisduringWorldWarII，duringwhichAnnemadeherdairyherbestfriend，expressingherfeelingsandthoughts，includinghereagernessfornature.语法归纳1.名词的概念。名词就是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其它抽象概念等的名称的词。它分为普通名词和专有名词，专有名词是指具体人物、地点、组织、机构、国家或地区的名称等。语法活用名词2.名词的分类。名词普通名词可数名词个体名词worker工人，bus公共汽车集体名词group组，class班不可数名词物质名词air空气，water水抽象名词music音乐，friendship友谊专有名词BillGates比尔·盖茨，Germany德国，theParty共产党可数名词有单、复数的区分，当数量大于一时，就要用复数形式。根据汉语提示，完成下列句子：⑴Afterhehadtwopotatoesandthree_________(西红柿)forhisbreakfast,hewenttotwodifferent_________(公司)tobuyten______(盒)of______(钢笔)andtwoboxesof_______(小刀).3.名词的数。tomatoescompaniesboxespensknives名词变复数，一般情况下直接加s;以-s，-x，-sh，-ch结尾，加es；以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i，再加es；以f或fe结尾的常用名词，把f或fe改为ves；以o结尾的名词，一般加s，但hero，negro，tomato，potato却要加es。归纳总结：⑵Thetwo___________(过路人)withno____(脚)andlegs，whowere__________(成年人)，foundthattwo_____________(女教师)，togetherwithagroupof_______(小孩)，wererunningafterafew____(老鼠)and______(棉羊).sheeppassers-byfeetgrown-upswomenteacherschildrenmice归纳总结：含man的名词,一般变man为men,但German—Germans;将oo改为ee的有foot—feet,tooth—teeth,goose—geese等;复数以en结尾的有child—children,ox—oxen等;将ouse改为ice的有mouse—mice,louse—lice(虱子)等;单复数同形的有sheep,deer，fish，aircraft(飞机),means,works(工厂),Swiss,Japanese,Chinese等;合成词中有主体名词的只变主体名词，如passers-by,fathers-in-law，没有主体名词的,直接在词尾加s,如grown-ups。4.名词的所有格。翻译下列短语：⑴________________汤姆的父亲⑵________________教师办公室⑶___________狄更斯(Dickens)的小说Tom’sfathertheteachers’officeDickens’novels⑷___________________汤姆和约翰的朋友⑸___________________理发店⑹___________________我叔叔的家⑺___________________今天的新闻⑻___________________那本书的封面thecoverofthebookTomandJohn’sfriendsthebarber’s(shop)myuncle’s(house)Today’snews

归纳总结：

⑴有生命的人或物的所有格一般用“’s”表示，若是以s结尾的名词后只加“’”。注意:①若是几个人共有的，在最后一个姓名后加’s;②在表示店铺或某人的家时，所有格后的名词常省略；③表示时间、距离、金额、重量、天体、国家或城市等的名词也用’s表示。④有生命的人或物的所有格有时也可用of表示。如thestoryofanoldman(一个老人的故事)。⑵无生命的东西的所有格一般用of表示。5.不可数名词的特点。⑴没有复数形式。⑵前面不可直接用不定冠词、数词，或few,many等。⑶表示数量要借助单位词。如apieceofadvice(一条建议)。⑷转化:有的不可数名词可转化为可数名词,如,表示种类时：varioussteels(各种钢);表示具体的人或事物时:success(成功的人或事)等;表示“一场/段/件……”时:aheavysnow(一场大雪)；表示“一杯/罐/瓶”的tea,coffee,drink,beer等;twoteasandacoffee(两杯茶和一杯咖啡);表示不同意思时:paper(纸——不可数;报纸——可数)。注意：有些不可数名词是无论什么情况下也没有复数形式的，即使受形容词修饰也不能加不定冠词的，可称作“绝对不可数名词”。如，advice，fun，homework，information，news，progress，equipment，furniture等。6.名词的用法与语境分析。主要用法所处语境例句1作主语在谓语之前Thewasstolen.2作宾语在谓语之后Ihaveaproblem.在介词之后Shesufferedfromloneliness.3作表语在系动词之后Mybrotherisaworker.4作同位语在主语之后谓语之前Westudentsshouldstudyhard.5作宾补在宾语之后WemadeTomourmonitor.

6作定语在另一个名词之前goldmedal金牌(材料)colorfilm彩色电影(类别)sportsshoes运动鞋(用途)book7.名词与语法填空⑴单数可数名词前通常会填冠词、名词的所有格、形容词性物主代词、不定代词(any，another)等。⑵空格在冠词、数词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格后，要用括号中所给词的名词形式。⑶在名词前作定语的可能是形容词或分词，在名词后作定语的可能是分词短语、不定式短语或介词短语，还可能是定语从句。⑷若有定语从句、形容词、分词短语或介词短语等修饰，应当用所给词的名词形式。⑸作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，要用括号中所给词的名词形式。⑹在确定用名词形式后，还要考虑该名词是用单数还是复数、是否需要用所有格、首字母是否需要大写。语法专练一、单句填空1._______(Anne)sisterMargotwasveryupsetthatthefamilyhadtomove.However，sheknewthatshehadgottogothroughallthe__________(difficult)withherfamily.解析:Anne’s;difficulties前者用名词所有格作定语，修饰单数可数名词sister；后者在冠词后用名词，在all后，用复数difficulties表示各种各样的“困难的事情”。Anne’sdifficulties2.Forthesakeofpeople’shealthand_________(happy)，measuresshouldbetakentocontrolandpreventpollutionandeveryoneshouldmakea____________(contribute)toit.解析:happiness；contribution前者跟名词health并列，作of的宾语，也用名词形式；后者在冠词后用名词形式，makeacontributionto表示“对……作贡献”。happinesscontribution3.Inmyopinion，itiswrongtocheatin___________(exam)becauseitbreakstherulesofschools.解析:examinations作介词in的宾语用名词形式。examinations4.Inmyopinion，nooneagreesthata_________(wealth)personwithoutgoodhealthcanbehappy.So，justdoourbestandkeepfit.解析:wealthy在冠词与名词之间，用形容词作定语。wealthy5._____(try)byfoodprocessingplants(食品加工厂)inGermanyhaveconcludedthatfoodscoveredwiththeglasscanstorelongerthanthosestoredinnormalcondition.解析:Trials主句谓语是haveconcluded，而by...Germany是介词短语作定语，有介词短语修饰，或者说在句中作主语，要用名词；又根据谓语是复数，故用名词的复数形式trials(试验)。

Trials6.Upon______(arrive)，webegantoworkimmediately.Somewerediggingholes.Somewerecarryingandplantingyoungtrees.Otherswerewateringthem.解析:arrival作介词的宾语用名词形式。arrival7.Since“Lifeisastage”,weareactuallyallactorsand_________(act).Onthisstage,everyonehashisownroletoplay,andIwilltrymybesttoplaymyrolewell.解析:actresses由与之并列的actors(男演员)可知，填actresses(女演员)，在句中作并列表语。

actresses8.Therearemorevisiblechangesinourgesturesandfacial_________(express).解析:expressions前有形容词修饰，用名词，或者说，作介词in的宾语，用名词。facialexpressions面部表情。

expressions9.LangLangisaworld-classyoung________(piano)whogrewupinShenyang.10.____funitistojumpintowaterandswimonahotsummerday!解析:pianist由其后的定语从句可知，空格处是先行词，且表示人。

pianist解析:What因fun为不可数名词，所以感叹句用what，而不是whata引出。What二、语篇填空(重点训练名词的相关用法)Ahighschoolhistoryteacheroncetoldus,“Ifyoumakeoneclosefriendinschool，youwillbemostlucky.1___truefriendissomeonewhostayswithyouforlife.”Experienceshowsthathewasright.Good2__________(friend)arejustnoteasilyformed.A

friendships

Tomostofus,friendshipsarethoughtveryimportant,butweneedtohavethekindsoffriendshipswewant.Aretheytobecloseorkeptatarm’s3______(long)?Dowewanttoshareourselvesordowewanttowalkonthesurface?Forsomepeople,manyfriendshipsonthesurfacearequiteenoughandthat’sallright.

length

Butatsomepointweneedtomakesurethatourexpectationsarethesameasour4_____(friend)expectations.Thesharingof5______(person)experienceisthesurestway6________________(deepen)friendships.Butitmustbeundertakenslowlyandcarriedononlyiftherearesignsofinterestandactioninreturn.friends

personal

todeepen/ofdeepening

Whataresomeofthedifficultiestofriendship?Thegreatestistheattractiontoexpecttoomuchtoosoon.Deeprelationshipstaketime.7_______maindifficultyisthe8_________(selfish)tothinkone“owns”theother，includinghistimeandattention.Similarly，friendshipsneedactionsinreturn.

Another

selfishness

Inotherwords，youmustgiveasmuchasyoutake.Finallythereisaquestionoftakingcareof.9______youspendreasonabletimetogether,talking10__thephone,writingletters，doingthingstogether,friendshipswilldieaway.Unless

on

完形技巧点拨走近高考高考完形填空考什么完形填空主要考查考生对语篇意义的理解，对上下文意义关系的把握。其空格只能是名词、动词、形容词和副词这4种实词。而以下四种情况，一般不考：(1)不考虚词。即不考冠词、代词、介词、连词等虚词。(2)不考语法。(3)不考固定搭配。即不会考查只要你背熟固定词组，无需理解短文意思，就可选出答案的题。(4)不考词语辨析。一般说来，四个选项的意义相差很大。教师要花十分钟八分钟来辨析，但你依然不是十分清楚的那些同义词或近义词，在高考完形填空中，至今尚未同时出现在选项之中。模拟训练

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Whenaskedtopointoutoneortwothingsthataremostimportanttothemselves,manyputfriendsaheadofhomes,jobs,clothesandcars.Atrue1carriesalonghistoryofexperiencethatdetermineswhoweareandkeepsusconnected.Itisatreasureweshouldproveit.2,thebetterfriendsyouare,themoreprobablyyou’llhavedisagreements.A.successB.leadershipC.friendshipD.agreement2.A.UncertainlyB.UnfairlyC.LuckilyD.UnfortunatelyD因“朋友越好越有分歧”，可见，这是“不幸”的事。C与前句中的friends是同源复现。Andthe3canbewhatyoudon’twant-anendtotherelationship.Thegoodnewsisthatmosttroubledfriendshipscanbe4.First，don’tletyourpridegetinyourway.

3.A.resultB.connectionC.relationD.Experience4.A.mendedB.gainedC.provedD.continuedA因troubled与mend是同现，意思是“最困扰的友谊也可以修补”。A因result与end是近义复现，由“结束”想到这是“结果”了。Mostofuscanforgiveeachotherwhen5arebroughtoutintheopen.Second,apologizewhenyou’rewrongevenifyou’vebeen6.5.A.secretsB.differencesC.mistakesD.clothes6.A.admittedB.wrongedC.firedD.beaten6.B因wronged与下文中的wronged是原词复现。指“被冤枉”。5.B因differences与disagreements近义复现。Overthecourseoffriendship，eventhebestpeople7mistakes.Sometimes,itmaybebestifthewrongedpersontakestheleadand8.Whenyouapologize,giveyourfrienda9toadmitthathehasbeenwrong.

7.A.correctB.recordC.admitD.make8.A.opensB.mendsC.apologizesD.Considers9.A.chanceB.giftC.carD.treasure9.A因“承认错误”与“机会”是同现。由常识也可知道，指给别人认错的“机会”。7.D由上下文别人冤枉你，可知此处指“犯错误”。8.C因apologizes与下句中的apologize是原词复现。Third,seethingsfromyourfriend’spointofview.And10，acceptthatfriendships11asourneedsandlifestyleschange.Makingfriendscansometimesseem12.

10.A.NaturallyB.finallyC.possiblyD.Happily11.A.endB.beginC.changeD.finish12.A.difficultB.looseC.upsetD.easy11.C与本句末的change是原词复现，句意是，“友谊也会随着我们的需要和生活方式的改变而改变”。10.B因finally与first，second，third属同现。12.D与下文hard是反义同现。意思是，交朋友有时似乎是容易的，难就难在将关系保持下去。Thehardpartis13theconnectionsstrongduringthenatureupsanddownsthathaveaneffectonall14.Mysuggestion:Considerfriendshipanhonorandagift，andworththeeffortto15andnurture.13.A.developingB.improvingC.keepingD.producing14.A.partnersB.teenagersC.lifestylesD.relationships15.A.treasureB.recoverC.swapD.concern13.C由常识可知是“保持关系”；虽然也可说“发展关系”和“改善关系”，但develop和improve一般不需再接形容词作宾补了。15.A因友谊是荣誉和礼物，所以值得珍惜(treasure)和培养(nurture)。treasure是nurture同现。

14.D因relationships与connections是近义重现，都指“关系”。阅读给文章选择一个恰当的标题(title)几乎是必考题。要正确选出标题，必须首先要理解文章大意，明确文章主旨。一篇文章必然会有一个主旨，最能体现主旨的就是主题句，主题句多半在首、尾段或各段的开头或结尾，少数情况下也在文中，甚至没有主题句，此时就需要我们归纳各自然段的意思，自己概括其主旨了。如何给文章选标题?技巧点拨选择时，要仔细推敲各个选项，排除错误选项，缩小选择范围，从而选出最佳答案。错误选项有以下特征：⑴断章取义：虽含文中的某些单词，但不是文章所谈内容。⑵范围太窄：概括不全面，只是某个细节或某一部分的内容。⑶范围太宽：所表达的内容超出或多于文章阐述的内容。⑷无中生有：即文章中未提到，或找不到任何依据的信息。由于断章取义的标题，其部分或全部词汇来自于原文，具有较强的迷惑性，同学们务必要注意。特别提醒1.Intheeighthgrade，whattheauthordidbeforedevelopingpropersocialbehaviorwasto____.A.becomeseriousaboutherstudyB.gotoherfriend’shouseregularlyC.learnfromherclassmatesatschoolD.sharepoemsandstorieswithherfriend1.D细节理解题。从第2段，特别是最后三句可知。WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,Ihadafriend.Wewereshyand“tooserious”aboutourstudieswhenitwasbecomingfashionablewithourclassmatestolearnacceptablesocialbehaviors.Wesaidlittleatschool,butshewouldcometomyhouseandwewouldsitdownwit