TheChangesinMyHometown我的家乡变化

英语1English1Class：ClassOne/ClassTwo/ClassThreein

theyear2015Major:Nursing/Pharmacy

Unit12

TheChangesinMyHometownContentsIntegratedskillsDevelopmentDialogueA.TheReturnVisit

（self-study）DialogueB.It’sAllChanged！（self-study）PassageA.TravelExperienceB.TheNewLookofMyHometownAppliedWriting:RoadSignandStreetNameplatesIII路标和路牌PickupYourGrammar:后定语

TeachingAims1.交际重点

介绍并描述某一地方的变迁，介绍并描述某一方位。2.重点训练单词和词组。3.重点句型和习惯表达法4.路标和路牌的基本写作格式5.前置定语TeachingAims听说：能听懂并用英语进行的有关介绍某一地方变迁的对话。读译写：能朗读和翻译介绍并描述某一方位的小短文。掌握后定语的用法，并能正确运用。

写：

A：能使用所学单词、词组和语法写出有关环境变迁、介绍并描述某一方位的英语句子。

B：模拟套写英文路标、招牌。

Emphases&difficulities1.重点词汇、句型、表达法和语法2.后置定语

ATravelExperienceWhenJimwasinvitedtoattendaninternationalconferenceoncomputernetworking,hewasdelighted.TheconferencewastotakeplaceinGeneva.JimthoughtthatitwouldbeanopportunitytotakehisfiancéeMaryonashortholiday.TheydecidedtogotoParisforaweekbeforeJimtraveledontoGeneva.Marywouldthenreturnhome.

JimandMaryspentanenjoyableweektouringParis.Attheendoftheweek,theyfeltexhausted.JimaccompaniedMarytotheairportandsawherontoaplaneforLondon.WhilehewaswaitingintheloungeforhisplanetoGeneva,amistbegantoform.Eventually,hisplanetookofftwohourslate.Assoonashesankintohisseat,Jimfellfastasleep.

ATravelExperience

Unfortunately,astheplaneflewtowardsGeneva,themistchangedtothickfog.ThepilotradioedhisdestinationandwastoldthathisplanehadtoreturntoParis.Immediately,thepilottoldthenewstothepassengers.ButJimwasstillfastasleep.HedidnotwakeupuntiltheplanelandedinParis.JimhurriedthroughtheairportloungeandwassosurprisedtoseeParisagain.Bythistime,thefoghadstartedtoclear.ButpoorJimwasfoggedasifhewerestillasleep.

Newwords

birthplacen.houseordistrictwhereapersonwasborn出生处，出生地e.g.Tom’sbirthplaceisLondon.汤姆出生于伦敦。Whereisyourbirthplace.哪里是你的出生地？childhoodn.conditionorperiodofbeingachildhood童年；幼年时代e.g.Hewillneverforgetthejoysofchildhood.他永远不会忘记童年的快乐。Shehadanunhappychildhood.他的童年很不辛delighteda.filledwithjoyandhappiness充满欢乐的；高兴的e.g.Myparentsaresodelightedwiththenews.我的父母为这个消息感到欢喜鼓舞。Iwasdelightedtobeinvitedtoherparty.我很高兴被邀请参加她的晚会。

Newwords

enjoyablea.beingabletogivepleasureorsatisfaction令人愉快的；有趣的；可享受的e.g.Thisissuchanenjoyabledinnerparty.Itissoenjoyabletotalkwithher.

eventuallya.atanunspecifiedtieme.g.Thedoctorworkedsohardthateventuallyhemadehimselfill.这医生工作太卖力，最后自己病倒了。Tomeventuallyrosetothepositionofvicepresident.汤美玉最终升到副总裁的职位。

exhausteda.havingconsumedalltheenergy,tootired耗尽的，疲惫的e.g.Weareallexhaustedafterthejourney.这次旅行后我们都筋疲力尽了。Mypatienceisexhausted.

我无法忍耐了。

hugea.verylargeinsizeoramount;enormous极大的；巨大的e.g.Everydayshehasahugepileofletterstodealwith.Chinaisahugecountry.中国是一个幅员辽阔的国家。

hurryv.to(causeto)moveoractwithspeed催促，匆忙，仓促行动n.theactoraninstanceofhurrying;hastenedprogress急忙；仓促e.g.Youalwaysseemtobeinahurry.你似乎总是很匆忙。I’mnotina/anyhurrytochangemyjob.我并不急于想调工作。What’sthehurry?干吗这么急？Ihurriedtotheticket-officetobuythetickets.我急忙感到售票处买票。Doctorsandnurseswerehurriedtotheaccidentspot.立即派了医生和护士急忙赶到事故现场、出事地点。

puzzlev.make(sb.)thinkhard;perplex

让（某人）动脑筋；使困感e.g.Herreplypuzzledme.她的回答把我弄糊涂了。Hepuzzledhisbrainstofindtheanswer.她绞尽脑汁以寻求答案。

repeat.V.sayorwrite(sth.)againonceormorethanonce重复e.g.Nowrepeatthepastformoftheverb“fly”afterme.下面跟我重复动词“飞”的过去式。Sherepeatedwhatshehadsaid.她重复了自己说过的话。

lounge

n.apublicwaitingroom;alobby

公共休息室；等候室，大厅e.g.Pleasewaitformeattheloungeinthehotel.在宾馆的大厅里等我。

mistn.thinfog薄雾v.tobeorbecomeobscuredorblurredbyorasifbymist变得模糊，仿佛被雾弄得模糊的e.g.Ilikethemistbythelakeearlyinthemorning我喜欢清晨湖边的薄雾。Wecouldn’tseethroughthemistiftherewasaship.我们无法透过薄雾看清楚是否有一艘船。Shelookedatherhometownthroughthemistofhertears.他透过模糊的泪水凝视着家乡。

nephewn.sonofone’sbrotherorsister侄子，外甥e.g.Mr.Smithoftengivessomepocketmoneytohisnephew.史密斯先生经常给侄子零花钱。RobertandhisnephewvisitedChinalastyear.罗伯特和侄子去年访问过中国。

picnicn.pleasuretriponwhichfoodiscarriedtobeeatenoutdoors野餐e.g.Theyaregoingforapicnictomorrow.We’llgototheriversandtakeapicnicwithus

sinkv.todescendtothebottomorfall/droptoalowerlevel;topassinto进入，考入，慢慢变成aspecified规定的condition淹没，下沉；沉没

n.awaterbasinfixedtoawallorfloor水槽，水池e.g.Shewasexhaustedandsankintoadeepsleep.她太累了，已经进入梦乡。Hisvoicesanktoawhisper。他的声音减弱成耳语。Thewaterissinkingintotheground.水渗入地下。Letussinkourdifferencesandworktogether.让我们忘记我们的分歧而共同工作。Theluckythingiswehaveasinkinoursmallbedroom.幸运的是在我们的小卧室中有个水池。

LanguagePoints1.Myhometown.我的家乡。hometown属于英语构词法中的“合成法”（Composition）。合成法（合词法）是把两个或两个以上的词按照一定的次序排列构成新词的方法。用这种方法构成的新词叫做复合词（Compound）。复合词之间有的要用连字符，有的直接连在一起，如：名词：after+noon-afternoon下午air+line-­­­airline航空公司air+way–airway航路basket+ball-basketball

篮球bath+room-bathroom浴室birth+place-Birthplace出生地black+board-Blackboard黑板

book+store-Bookstore书店chop+sticks-Chopsticks筷子e+mail-e-mail电子邮件get+together-get-together联欢会head+master-head-master校长home+work-homework家庭作业home+town-hometown家乡，故乡loveseat-loveseat双人沙发loud+speaker-loudspeaker喇叭main+land---mainland大陆

news+paper---newspaper报纸rail+way---railway铁路、铁道sales+girl---salesgirl女服务员sales+man---sailsman男服务员sales+person---salesperson售货员sea+cucumber---sea-cucumber海参sun+shine---sunshine阳光sweat+shirt---运动衫（2）形容词first+rate---first-rate一流的，头等的long+distance---longdistance长途的，远距离的open+air---open-air户外的，露天的old-fashion---old-fashioned过时的，老式的part-time---part-time兼职的round+trip---round-trip来回的，往返的2.forthefirsttime第一次（作状语）e.g.Forthefirsttimeheheardofthewordmodem.

['məʊdem]

n.调制解调器3.comebacktosb.回想起来Theirnamesareallcomingbacktomenow.

4.usedto+v.过去常常、过去习惯于Heusedtosmokedalot,buthehaslonggivenupsmoking,Hedoesn’tsmokeatall.疑问式和否定式常常用didn’tuseto，usedn’tto均可Didyouusetohavetimetoreadalot?Usedyoutohavetimetoreadalot?你过去有时间读很多书吗？Ididnotusetohavetimetoreadalot.Iusedn’ttohavetimetoreadalot.beusedtodoingsth.习惯于e.g.Youareusedtothefoodatcollege.Hewasusedtothecoldweather.

5.Ithoughtyou’dlivedinNewtownallyourlife.sb.thought+sb.had+PP表示“原以为…其实不然”e.g.Ithoughtyouhaddoneyourhomework.Wethoughttheyhadreturned.

6.havebeentosomeplace曾经去过某地（表示经历）havegonetosomeplace去了某地（表示事实）HaveyoueverbeentoJapan?Mr.WanghasgonetoJapan.7.makeit“按时到达某地，赶上，成功”Afteryearsasanunsuccessfulbusinessmanhe’sfinallymadeit.

8.must+have+pp

表示对过去的推测，“一定…”e.g.Theymusthavebeengone.Theremusthavebeenamistake.9.getoff下车e.g.Hegotoffhisbikeandwentintothehouse.geton上车e.g.TheygotontheplaneatBeijing.10.Itsays1955.say指文字材料时，表示“写道，说”e.g．Whatdidthefaxsay？Herpassportsaysthatsheisnineteen.11.TheconferencewastotakeplaceinGeneva.betodo是一种将来时间的表达方法，表示客观安排要发生的事。e.g．AmＩtogoonwiththework?Sheistocomehereat8.

12.JimthoughtthatitwouldbeanopportunitytotakehisfinanceeMaryonashortholiday.Itwouldbe是过去的角度看将来。13.TheydecidedtogotoParisaweekbeforeJimtravelledontoGeneva.before引导一个时间状语从句，一位“在…之前”，翻译类似的句子时应按照汉语的习惯灵活处理。e.g.Wehadscarcelygotinalltheclothesbeforeitbegantorain.Weshouldcompletethetaskbeforeyouleaveforholiday.

14.WhilehewaswaitingintheloungeforhisplanetoGeneva,amistbegantoform.while引导一个时间状语从句，表示一个与主句动作同时发生的持续性动作或状态。e.g.Whilehewasparking,apolicemanwalkedtowardshim.WritewhileIdictate口述，听写.WhileIread,shesang.Imether,whileIwasatschool.

15.ThepilotradioedhisdestinationandwastoldthathisplanehadtoreturntoParis.radion.无线电，收音机，转换为“用无线电发报联系”。bookn.书，篇---v.登记，预定e.g.Ihavebookedaroominthehotel.

16.cookn.厨师---v.烹调，煮e.g.Mymotherhascookedthebestfoodforus.17.elbown.肘---v.toopentheuseofelbow用肘打开一条通道e.g.Sheelbowedherwaythroughthecrowd.她从人群中挤过去。

18.handn.手---v.支持，搀扶，交给e.g.Pleasehandinyourhomeworktomorrow.19.headn.头---v.为首；领导，朝…迸发e.gThebusheadedthelineofcars.

公交车开在一列小汽车的前头。Whoheadedthedepartment?Tomheadedtheballintohisowngoal.We’reheadinghome.

20.watern.---v.喷淋；加水；流泪，流口水e.g.Sheiswateringtheflowersinthegarden.Thewonderfularomafromthekitchenmakesmymouthwater.Themilkhasbeenwatereddown.牛奶已参水了。Exercise2ChoosethebestanswerstothefollowingquestionsaccordingtoPassageA.

1.

Jimwasgoingtoattendaconferencetobeheldin__________.A.GenevaB.ParisC.LondonD.NewYork2.

Jimwasoverjoyedbecausehecouldmakegooduseofthechanceto__________.A.seeMaryinParisB.getmarriedwithMaryC.takeMarytoParisfortheirhoneymoonD.tourPariswithMary3.

ThetripJimandMarytooktoPariswas__________.

A.boringB.difficultC.expensiveD.tiringbutpleasant4.

__________wasdelayedfortwohoursbecauseofthefog.

A.Jim'sflightB.Mary'sflightC.TheflightforLondonD.TheflightforParis

Exercise2ChoosethebestanswerstothefollowingquestionsaccordingtoPassageA.

5.

Maryreturnedhomebyairafter__________.

A.shehadattendedtheGenevaconferenceB.shehadseenJimontoaplaneforGenevaC.twohours'waitingattheairportD.herone-weektripinthecapitalofFrance6.

Jimdidn'tknowwherehisplanehadlandeduntil__________.A.hewastoldthenewsbythepilot

B.hegotintotheairportloungeC.herealizedhewasinParisagainD.hereachedtheGenevaInternationalHotel7.

WhenhefoundhimselfinParisagain,Jim__________.A.thoughthetookawrongplaneB.feltsoconfusedasifhewereinadreamC.didn'tknowwhattodoD.realizedhehadtostayinParisExercise7TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishwiththehelpofthewordsorpatternsgiveninthebrackets.1.玛丽简直无法想象没有电视的日子。(imagine)

Marycan'timaginealifewithoutTV.2.上海不是我的目的地，我只是在那里转火车。(destination)

Shanghaiisnotmydestination.Ijustchangethetrainthere.3.飞机一小时后起飞，咱们还是快点吧。(hadbetter)

Theplaneistakingoffinanhour.We'dbetterhurryup.Exercise7TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishwiththehelpofthewordsorpatternsgiveninthebrackets.4.已经九点了，不可能赶上这班飞机了。(it'simpossibleto...)

It'snineo'clock.It'simpossibletocatchthisflight.5.他今天下午不能来，因为他得参加一个会议。(attendaconference)

Hecan'tcomethisafternoonbecausehehastoattendameeting.6.我到家时孩子们已经睡着了。(fallasleep)ThechildrenhadfallenasleepwhenIgothom.Exercise8TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.Iwasborninaverysmallvillage.

我出生在一个很小的村庄。Ouruniversitystandsatthefootoflowgreenhills.

我们学校位于不高的青山脚下。Thereisariverrunningthroughthecity.

有一条河流过城市。Inthecenterofthecity,agreatnumberoftallbuildingshavesprungup.

在市中心，涌现出许多高楼大厦。Exercise8TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.Theyhavealsoputupmanyshopsandsupermarketsoneachsideofthemainstreet.

他们还在大街两旁建了许多商店和超级市场。GreatchangeshavetakenplacesinceIcamehere.

自从我来到这里，这座城市发生了巨大的变化。Peopleherehavealreadygotridofpoverty,andlivehappyandcomfortablelives.

这里的人民已摆脱了贫穷，并且过上了幸福而舒适的生活。

RoadSignsandStreetNameplates(路标和路牌)

基本写作格式(FormatsandPatterns)不论是路标还是招牌，都是为了吸引人们的注意，使人们在极短的时间内得到必要的信息。所以，在编写路标和招牌时，字数要尽量少，语言要精炼，写法要尽可能引人入胜，有时在文字旁还可以配上必要的图形。

RoadSignsandStreetNameplates(路标和路牌)

UsefulWordsandExpressionsforWritingRoadSignsandStreetNameplatesPrivate请勿打扰HandsOff请勿动手WetPaint油漆未干AdmissionFree免费入场ParkingLot停车场OneWayOnly单行道Crossroads交叉路口EmergencyExit紧急出口Check-inCounter登机手续台Entrance入口Duty-FreeShop免税商店

Exercise1TranslatethefollowingpublicsignsintoChinese.

ClosedToAllTraffic

禁止所有车辆通行Don'tWalkOnTheGrass

不要践踏草坪SwimmingNotAllowed

禁止游泳ChildrenNotAllowed

禁止儿童入内FellingTreesIsForbidden

禁止砍伐树木NoEntry

禁止入内QuietPlease

请安静NoSpitting

禁止吐痰Don‘tLeanOutOfTheWindow

不要把头探出窗外LeaveBagsOutside

勿带包入内

Grammar

后定语：介词短语、不定式

介词短语和不定式作定语一般放在被描述或修饰的名词（或代词）之后，称为后定语。(可参见语法附录I-7。)如：

Astudentintheforeignlanguagedepartmentshouldbegoodatcommunication.

外语系的学生应该擅长沟通。

Ihavegotthechancetoworkforabigcompany.

我得到了在一家大公司工作的机会。

PickUpYourGrammar:Exercise1

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingtheprepositionalphraseortheinfinitiveclauseasanattributive.1.他总是有参加不完的会。

Healwayshasalotofmeetingstoattend.2.这个房间的钥匙丢了。

Thekeytothisroomwaslost.3.她是一位可以信赖的人。

Sheisapersontorelyon.4.约翰是一个一点幽默感都没有的人。

Johnisaperson