英语Unit《Astronomythescienceofthestars》单元同步测试

Unit4Astronomy：thescienceoftheStars一：用适合的连词填空；Thefactis_______Ihavelosthisaddress.Goandgetyourcoat.It's_______youleftit.Iwonder_____youaregettingonwithyourstudies.Thequestionis______cancompletethedifficulttask.Hegotcaughtintheheavytraffic.Thatwas______hewaslate.__________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.__________youhavedonemightdoharmtoothers.二、完形ExploringtheautumnskyThecoolnightsofautumnarehereto___1___usthechillofwinterisnotfaroff.Alongwiththecoolair,thebrilliant___2___ofthesummertrianglefallinthewesttobereplacedwitharatherbland-lookingregionofsky.Butdon't___3___initialappearancesdeceiveyou.___4___inthefallskyaregemsequaltosummertime.TheBigDipperswingslowthis___5___,andforpartsofthesouthernUnitedStatesit___6___sets.CassiopeiatheQueen,a___7___offivebrightstarsinthe___8___ofa"W"or"M,"reachesits___9___pointoverhead,thesamespottheBigDipperreached6months___10___.TotheeastofCassiopeia,PerseustheHeroriseshigh.NestledbetweenthesetwogroupsisthewondrousDoubleCluster—NGCs869and884—afantasticsightinbinocularsoralow-powertelescope.1.A.recallB.retellC.remindD.advise2.A.starsB.planetsC.satellitesD.subjects3.A.makeB.haveC.forceD.let4.A.HiddenB.TohideC.HidingD.Appearing5.A.yearB.monthC.dayD.season6.A.trulyB.exactlyC.actuallyD.possibly7.A.teamB.classC.kindD.group8.A.formB.shapeC.figureD.formation9.A.highestB.lowestC.higherD.deepest10..A.beforeB.agoC.sinceD.later三、阅读理解InJuly1994Jupiter,thelargestplanetinoursolarsystem,wasstruckby21piecesofcomet(彗星).Whenthefragments(碎片)landedinthesouthernpartofthegiantplanet,theexplosionswerewatchedbyscientisthereonearth.Butwhatifourownplanetwashitbyacomet?1/6Theyearis2094.Ithasbeenannouncedthatacometisheadingtowardstheearth.Mostofitwillmissourplanet,buttwofragmentswillprobablyhitthesouthernpartoftheearth.Thenewshascausedpanic.On17July,afragmentfourkilometerswideenterstheearth’satmospherewithahugeexplosion.Abouthalfofthefragmentisdestroyed.ButthemajorpartsurvivesandhitstheSouthAtlanticat200timesthespeedofsound.Theseaboilsandanenormouswaveiscreatedandspreads.ThewallofwaterrushestowardssouthernAfricaat800kilometersanhour.CitiesontheAfricancoastaretotallydestroyedandmillionsofpeoplearedrowned.ThewavesmovesintotheIndianOceanandheadstowardsAsia.Millionsofpeoplearealreadydeadinthesouthernpartoftheearth,butthenorthwon’tescapeforlong.Tonsofbrokenpiecesarethrownintotheatmospherebytheexplosions.Asthesunishiddenbycloudsofdust,temperaturesaroundtheworldfalltoalmostzero.Cropsareruined.Warsbreakoutascountriesfightforfood.Ayearlatercivilizationhascollapsed.Nomorethan10millionpeoplehavesurvived.Coulditreallyhappen?Infact,ithasalreadyhappenedmorethanonceinthehistoryoftheearth.Thedinosaurs(恐龙)wereontheearthforover160millionyears.Then65millionyearsagotheysuddenlydisappeared.Manyscientistsbelievedthattheearthwashitbyaspacefragment.Thedinosaurscouldn’tsurviveinthecoldclimatethatfollowedandtheybecameextinct.Willwemeetthesameend?1.WhichofthefollowinginNOTtrueaccordingtotheauthor’sdescriptionofthedisasterin2094?A.Thewholeworldbecomesextremelycold.B.AllthecoastalcitiesinAfricaaredestroyed.C.Thewholemankindbecomesextinct.D.Thevisitofthecometresultsinwar.Whydoestheauthormentiondinosaurattheendofthepassage?Becausetheycouldonlyliveinthewarmclimate.Becausetheyoncedominatedtheearth.Becausetheirextinctionindicatesfuturedisasters.Becausedinosaursandhumansneverliveinthesameage2/6Inwritingthepassage,theauthorintendsto____.giveanaccuratedescriptionofthepossibledisasterinthefutureprovethathumanswillsoonerorlaterbedestroyedtellthehistoricaldevelopmentoftheearthwarnofapossibledisasterinthefutureItcanbeconcludedthatthepassageismostprobablypartofa(n)____.A.horrorstoryB.newsreportC.researchpaperD.articleofpopularscienceBEdmundHalleywasanEnglishscientistwholivedover200yearsago.Hestudiedtheobservationsofcomets(彗星)whichotherscientistshadmade.Theorbitofoneparticularcometwasaverydifficultmathematicalproblem.Hecouldnotfigureitout.Neithercouldotherscientistswhodealtwithsuchproblems.However,HalleyhadafriendnamedIsaacNewton,whowasabrilliantmathematician.Newtonthoughthehadalreadyworkedoutthatproblem,buthecouldnotfindthepapersonwhichhehaddoneit.HetoldHalleythattheorbitofacomethadtheshapeofanellipse(椭圆形).NowHalleysettowork.Hefiguredout(解决，计算出)theorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery.Thecometsthathadappearedintheyears1531,1607,and1682allhadthesameorbit.Yettheirappearancehadbeen75to76yearsapart.ThisseemedverystrangetoHalley.Threedifferentcometsfollowedthesameorbit.ThemoreHalleythoughtaboutit,theorehisthoughtthattherehadbeenthreedifferentcometsaspeoplethought.Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.Thecomethadgoneawayandhadcomebackagain.Itwasanastonishingidea!Halleyfeltcertainthoughtomakeaprediction(预知)ofwhatwouldhappeninthefuture.Hedecidedthatthiswouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley’predictionscouldbetested.In1758thecometappearedinthesky.Halleydidnotseeit,forhehaddiedsomeyearsbefore.EversincethenthatcomethadbeencalledHalley’scomet,inhishonor.5EdmundHalleyfiguredouttheorbitof____.3/6A.somedifferentcometsappearingseveraltimesB.thesamecometappearingatdifferenttimesC.threedifferentcometsappearingatthesametimeD.severalcometsappearingatthesametimeHalleymadehisdiscovery____.bydoingexperimentsbymeansofhisowncarefulobservationbyusingtheworkingofotherscientistsbychanceHalleymadeasurprising,butcorrectpredictionintheyear____.A.1704B.1705C.1706D.1707Thispassageingeneralisabout____.HalleyandotherscientiststheorbitofacometNewtonandHalleyHalleyandhisdiscoveryWhichofthefollowingisTRUE?EdmundHalleywasanAmericanscientist.Halleymadehisdiscoverybydoingexperiments.IsaacNewtonwasafamousmathematician.Theorbitofacomethadtheshapeofanaround.参照答案用适合的连词填空：1.that2.where3.how4.who5.why6.whoeve7.what完形(Keys:1.C2.A3.D4.A5.D6.C7.D8.B9.A10.B)1.选【C】。这是一道正误判断题。在倒数第二段中作者写道“Ayearlatercivilizationhascollapsed.Nomorethan10millionpeoplehavesurvived.”说明人类文明灭绝了，4/6而不是人类灭绝了。选【C】。这是一道要旨推测题。为了证明这类灾害发生的可能性，作者列举了恐龙的例子。以前在地球上生活了1亿6千万年，可是在6千5百万年前忽然消逝，以此证明将来地球上可能发生灾害。3.选